CN103650887B - Summer corn and summer peanut intercropping planting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a summer corn and summer peanut intercropping planting method and belongs to the technical field of crop planting. According to the summer corn and summer peanut intercropping planting method, three lines of corn are intercropped with four lines of peanuts, the corn line width is 55cm, the corn planting distance is 15cm, the peanut line width is 33-35cm, the peanut hill spacing is 14cm, the peanuts are planted in a ridging mode, the ridge width is 85cm, two lines of the peanuts are sown in each ridge, and the distance between the corn lines and the peanut ridges is 35cm. Three lines of the corn and four lines of the peanuts are arranged in an alternating mode, intercropping is carried out in a wide width mode, the corn line width, the corn planting distance, the peanut line width, the peanut hill spacing, and the distance between the corn lines and the peanut ridges are strictly limited, and therefore the total output value is remarkably improved.

Description

A kind of summer corn Peanut intercropping plant method

Technical field

 

The present invention relates to a kind of summer corn Peanut intercropping plant method, belong to proportion of crop planting technical field.

Background technology

" state's Putting common first, bread is the staff of life ".Grain is the basis of human survival, social progress, is the lifeline of economy.China is as the first in the world populous nation, and the ratio that its grain demand amount accounts for world food aggregate demand is great, and supply and demand is in tight poised state always.The existing maize sown area of China 5.2 hundred million mu, wherein Huang-Huai-Hai is main, the most concentrated summer corn producing region of China, and this area light thermal resource is sufficient, can meet corn, peanut growth needs, there is not natural conditions restriction.

Intercropping and interplanting is the marrow of Chinese traditional agriculture, and rational intercropping and interplanting pattern can not only intensive utilization agricultural resources, improves unit are laminating production power, and being also one of effective measures increasing Agricultural biodiversity, is the effective way of Developing Sustainable Agriculture.Wherein, corn--peanut wide cut intercropping (i.e. " corn // peanut ") is a kind of excellent intercropping mode: have that symbiotic nitrogen fixation, resource utilization are high, improvement soil environment, strengthen the advantages such as colony's resistance.But have that peanut yield significantly glides, the output value improves unconspicuous problem.As CN102687632 discloses the implantation methods of a grow wheat interplanting peanut maize intercropping; Wherein peanut and corn are intercropping mode, specifically 4 row peanut intercropping 2 row corns.Data disclosed in it, and plants merely compared with a kind of crops, after employing intercropping mode, and the corn underproduction 17%, the peanut underproduction 62.9%; Be benchmark with corn, the gross output value improve only 14.3%; Be benchmark with peanut, the gross output value reduces 0.85% on the contrary.

Therefore, must pattern of farming be adjusted, under the prerequisite ensureing grain security, by research and innovation and the novel grain and oil crop interplanting mode of application, develop actively oil seed production.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is " steady grain increases oil ", namely make full use of maize intercropping Dominance in border row, play individual dominance, take into account colony, ensureing that on the basis that yield of Summer Corn does not subtract or slightly reduces, intercropping Peanut, gathers in the crops peanut more.By the less amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer of this pattern, improve land utilization rate etc., finally reach under the prerequisite ensureing grain security, realize oil plant volume increase.

Summer corn Peanut intercropping plant method of the present invention,

3 row corn intercrop 4 row peanuts;

Row spacing of maize 55 centimetres, corn plants are apart from 15 centimetres; Peanut line-spacing 33-35 centimetre, peanut cave is apart from 14 centimetres;

Peanut Ridged plant, row spacing 85 centimetres, every bed planting 2 row peanut, the distance between the capable and peanut ridge of corn is 35 centimetres.

Described 3 row corn intercrop 4 row peanuts as shown in the figure, are that 3 row corns and 4 row peanuts are alternately arranged.

In order to improve land utilization rate, the limit, ridge of two peanut ridge abuts against together, makes the bandwidth of peanut ridge and corn capable formation 350cm.

Reduce to prevent the very few output that causes of peanut plant quantity; Peanut every mu 6500 cave, 2, every cave.

Beneficial effect

3 row corns and 4 row peanuts are alternately arranged, wide cut intercropping; And strictly limit the line-spacing of corn and spacing in the rows, the line-spacing of peanut and cave apart from and corn is capable and distance between peanut ridge, thus the gross output value is significantly improved; Specifically:

Compared with simple maize planting, corn yield does not subtract or slightly subtracts, the data instance provided with embodiment, and the corn underproduction, less than 4%, and is planted merely compared with peanut, and peanut underproduction amplitude is little, the data instance provided with embodiment, the peanut underproduction 28.0%.

After adopting intercropping mode of the present invention, total per mu yield is 712kg/ mu; Though with plant separately peanut compare or with independent maize planting ratio, per mu yield is all significantly improved.Also just say, after adopting intercropping mode of the present invention, on the basis that corn yield does not obviously decline, gathered in the crops peanut simultaneously; And the output of peanut is 72% when planting separately; Thus 1 mu of ground is gathered in the crops the originally output that could gather in the crops of 1.72 mu of ground; Substantially increase the availability in soil; Its increase rate does not have in intercropping mode before.

Moreover the output value of corn and peanut self is different, the output value of peanut is much larger than the output value of corn.Intercropping mode of the present invention is compared with other corn, peanut intercropping mode, and the output of the peanut that the output value is high significantly improves.With the data instance that table 2 of the present invention provides, the output of peanut improves 20% at least, and maximum improves 130%.So the present invention, when not reducing corn yield as far as possible, improves the output of peanut to greatest extent; Thus the gross output value significantly improves.Compared with simple maize planting, the gross output value improves 85.3%; With plant merely compared with peanut, the gross output value improves 49.4%.

On the other hand, improve the nitrogen fixation effect of soil, unit are and pure make the equal fertilizer application condition of peanut under, intercropping significantly improves peanut nodule quantity and nitrogenase activity, and wherein root nodule numbers improves 36%-76%, and nitrogenase activity improves 6.5%-20.2%; This effect is that existing intercropping mode is beyond one's reach.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1, corn, peanut intercropping mode structural representation of the present invention;

In figure, 1. corn, 2. peanut, L1. Row spacing of maize, L2. peanut line-spacing, L3. row spacing, the distance between the capable and peanut ridge of L4. corn.

Embodiment

Following test is carried out 3 different regions; The various factorss such as following test NM fertilising, irrigation, management method, equal no significant difference.

With pure do summer corn and pure do Peanut for contrast; Purely make corn: line-spacing 60 centimetres, corn plants apart from 27.8 centimetres, the strain of mu strain number 4000; Purely make peanut: ridge 2 row, row spacing 85 centimetres, two caves are apart from 14 centimetres, 11000 caves/mu, or ridge 3 row, row spacing 110 centimetres, two caves are apart from 16 centimetres, 11000 caves/mu.Corn distance peanut ridge 35 centimetres.

8 kinds of intercropping modes: 2 row corns (line-spacing 55 centimetres) are intercropping 2 row peanut, 3 row peanuts or 4 row peanuts respectively, 3 row corns (line-spacing 55 centimetres) are intercropping 2 row peanut, 3 row peanuts or 4 row peanuts respectively, and 4 row corns (line-spacing 55 centimetres) are intercropping 3 row peanut or 4 row peanuts respectively.In 8 kinds of intercropping modes, corn is 3800 plants/acre, and spacing in the rows is determined by intercropping mode; Peanut is divided into following two kinds of cropping patterns: ridge 2 row, row spacing 85 centimetres, two caves are apart from 14 centimetres, and ridge 3 row, row spacing 110 centimetres, two caves are apart from 16 centimetres; Corn distance peanut ridge 35 centimetres; Concrete pattern is as table 1.The output of 8 kinds of intercropping modes and pure operation mode, the output value are compared, result is as table 2.Output in table 2 is multi-point average value; The output value in table 2: corn kilogram valency (2.2 yuan) × average yield+peanut kilogram valency (6 yuan) × average yield.Other expenditure is identical, puts aside herein.

Table 1 intercropping mode

;

Table 2

As can be seen from Table 2, the corn of 8 kinds of intercropping modes or peanut yield all compare lower than pure, and the corn underproduction all within 9%, and synchronously increases production peanut more than 30%, and the overall output value is all made corn higher than pure or purely make peanut.Wherein 3:4 intercropping mode, volume increase peanut is more than 180 kilograms, and the output value reaches 2254.2 yuan, purer do corn or peanut respectively high 1037.6 yuan, 745.2 yuan, benefit is very remarkable.If increase by 150 kilograms of calculating according to peanut mu average yield, if about there is every year corn field of summer (2.6 hundred million mu) the intercropping peanut of 50% in the whole nation, the whole nation increases income 39,000,000,000 kilograms of peanuts, is equivalent to add 1.7 hundred million mu and purely makes Peanut Fields.

Claims (1)

1. a summer corn Peanut intercropping plant method, is characterized in that,

3 row corn intercrop 4 row peanuts;

Row spacing of maize 55 centimetres, corn plants are apart from 15 centimetres; Peanut line-spacing 33-35 centimetre, peanut cave is apart from 14 centimetres;

Peanut Ridged plant, row spacing 85 centimetres, every bed planting 2 row peanut, the distance between the capable and peanut ridge of corn is 35 centimetres;

The limit, ridge of two peanut ridge abuts against together, makes the bandwidth of peanut ridge and corn capable formation 350cm;

Peanut every mu 6500 cave, 2, every cave.