CN103609322A - Cultivation method capable of enhancing corn yield - Google Patents
Cultivation method capable of enhancing corn yield Download PDFInfo
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- CN103609322A CN103609322A CN201310681194.1A CN201310681194A CN103609322A CN 103609322 A CN103609322 A CN 103609322A CN 201310681194 A CN201310681194 A CN 201310681194A CN 103609322 A CN103609322 A CN 103609322A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method capable of enhancing a corn yield. Big ridges and small ridges are adopted to form mixed and combined ridges, the big ridges are 150-170cm wide, the small ridges are 25-45cm wide, and the directions of the ridges are 18-20 degrees to the west of magnetic south. According to the method, one large ridge is spaced when every two small ridges are used for cultivation, so that the rate of ventilation is increased, and the number of plants is increased by 10%; light illumination is good, water temperature is high, and accumulated temperature is high; pest and disease damage can be reduced, and lodging is resistant; in the second year and the third year, the small ridges for the cultivation are sequentially arranged in the big ridges spaced in the first year, and the ridge positions in the fourth year repeat those in the first year. Land nutrients are fully utilized, and therefore the purpose of the high corn yield is achieved. The average growing rate of the annual per-unit yield of corns can reach 15%-17%, and the corn yield per hectare can be increased by 2500 kilograms.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the crop cultivating technology field in agricultural technology field, be specifically related to a kind of cultivation method that improves corn yield.
Background technology
Corn is high light efficiency crop, and the output of crop depends primarily on photosynthesis, and photosynthesis and illumination, temperature, moisture, CO
2the ridge of concentration, soil environment and crop is to closely related.At present, regional northeastward, the seeding row spacing of the cultivation method that corn is traditional is 55～60cm, spacing in the rows 31～35cm, and every mu of maize planting approximately 3500 strains, and ridge is strong to randomness, there is no directions.This cultivation method is after corn grows to 6～9 leaves, corn shade covers mutually, can not make illumination be mapped to every leaf of corn, can not give full play to the photosynthesis of every leaf, do not maximally utilise the luminous energy of the sun, thereby have a strong impact on the accumulation of dry matter, and then affect output, it is seven or eight very heavy that at present corn output per hectare only has.Therefore according to Northern Hemisphere sun altitude change, summer the natural law such as southwester prevailing, change ridge to and row spacing, can improve the light-receiving area of maize leaf, improve the light-receiving time of corn and be subject to luminous intensity, strengthen photosynthetic speed and utility rate of luminous energy, promote corn ripe, reach the object that improves output and quality.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivation method that improves corn yield, and the inventive method is planted an empty ridge, two ridges, has increased degree of ventilation, and strain number has improved 10%; Illumination is good, and water temperature is high, and accumulated temperature is high; Can reduce damage by disease and insect, resistant to lodging.The average amplification of corn per unit area yield reaches 15%～17%.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A cultivation method that improves corn yield, is characterized in that: concrete cultivation method is as follows:
(1) carry out the autumn and plough, break tillage pan, turn over the flat rake of rear dragging and press;
(2) according to the longitude and latitude of planting site, measure ridge to the west 18～20 ° to magnetic south;
(3) according to sun altitude and azimuth and corn plant height, measure the row spacing on combination ridge, adopt and form hybrid combining ridge by large ridge and micro-ridge, large row spacing 150～170cm, the wide 25～45cm of micro-ridge;
(4) by breeding time at 126～129 days, accumulated temperature is after planting suppressed at the corn seed of 2650～2850 ℃.
Preferably, the micro-ridge of Second Year is arranged at the place, large ridge of First Year, and the micro-ridge of the 3rd year is arranged at the common factor place, large ridge of First Year and Second Year, within 3 years, completes a farming cycle, samsara in 4 years.
Preferably, the degree of depth of ploughing described in step (1) is 25cm.
Preferably, the large row spacing 150～159cm of step (3), the wide 25～29cm of micro-ridge.
Preferably, the density of the described sowing of step (4) is 6.5～7.0 ten thousand strains/hm
2, spacing in the rows is 14～15 centimetres, seed level is 3～4cm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The inventive method, plants the empty large ridge of two micro-ridges, has increased degree of ventilation, and strain number has improved 10%; Illumination is good, and water temperature is high, and accumulated temperature is high; Can reduce damage by disease and insect, resistant to lodging.Second Year, within the 3rd year, plant micro-ridge successively in the large ridge of First Year sky, the 4th year kind got back to the position, ridge of First Year, makes full use of soil nutrient, reaches high yield object.The average amplification of the annual per unit area yield of corn reaches 15%～17%, and per hectare is minimum increases production 2500 kilograms.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail
Fig. 1 be the embodiment of the present invention 1 ridge to and plantation schematic diagram.In figure, a is spacing in the rows, and b is large row spacing, and c is micro-ridge distance.
Embodiment
For understanding better the present invention, will further illustrate the solution of the present invention by specific embodiment below, protection scope of the present invention should comprise the full content of claim, but is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
, in Jiutai City, Jilin Province, after autumn harvest, rake ground with machinery in planting experiment base, standby sowing in spring next year is used.Before sowing, with compass orientation, according to the longitude and latitude of Jiutai City (125 ° 51 of east longitude ', 44 ° 09 of north latitude ') calculate ridge to for magnetic south to the west 20 °.Row spacing is made as 160 centimetres, large ridge, 2 meter of 2 row combination ridge of 40 centimetres of formations of micro-ridge.
Concrete type of seeding:
During First Year sowing, by 40 centimetres of farming line width (little row spacing), leisure line width 160 centimetres (super large line-spacings) is sowed.
Second Year sowing is sowed in the left and right, 30 centimetres, interval, east side of First Year farming row time, and still by 35 centimetres of farming line width, 165 centimetres of leisure line width are sowed.
Sowing in the 3rd year and Second Year sowing homonymy, then left and right, 30 centimetres, interval, still by 35 centimetres of farming line width, 165 centimetres of leisure line width are sowed.
The sowing position of First Year is got back in sowing in the 4th year.Within 3 years, complete a farming cycle, samsara in 4 years.
Row spacing is set rear available regular drill and is sowed, without special machine.Select breeding time at 127 days, accumulated temperature is the resistance to close kind of high-quality, high yield of 2750 ℃, first beautiful 335, guarantees once to emerge.
The strict thickness of sowing of controlling, the hectare 6.5 ten thousand strains/hm that keeps a full stand of seedings
2.15 centimetres of spacing in the rows, 4 centimetres of seed levels.The depth is consistent.Broadcast rear timely suppression.Carry out rational field management.
During autumn harvest, obtain the output of 1.5 ten thousand kilograms/hectare.
Embodiment 2
(1) select topsoil deep, fertility is higher, fertilizer conservation water conservation, well-drained smooth plot.
(2) after autumn harvest, carry out the autumn and plough, the degree of depth of ploughing is 25cm, breaks tillage pan, turns over the rear flat rake pressure of dragging in time, accomplish without balking, and Wu Lifa, without clod, soil block is loose, in small, broken bits.
(3) select the resistance to close kind of good quality and high output: select breeding time at 127 days, accumulated temperature is the resistance to close kind of high-quality, high yield of 2750 ℃, first beautiful 335.
(4) according to the calculation of longitude & latitude of planting site, go out ridge to the west 18 ° for magnetic south, increase light application time, improve the availability of luminous energy.Thing ridge is to firmly not sowing.
(5), according to sun altitude and azimuth and corn plant height, the row spacing on calculation combination ridge, changes the even micro-ridge of tradition 55～60cm into large ridge and micro-ridge combining form, by large ridge and micro-ridge, forms hybrid combining ridge.Large ridge 160cm is wide, and micro-ridge 40cm is wide.
Planting density 6.5 ten thousand strains/hm
2.15 centimetres of spacing in the rows, seed level is advisable with 4 centimetres, and the depth is consistent, broadcasts rear timely suppression.
The micro-ridge of Second Year is arranged at the place, large ridge of First Year, and the micro-ridge of the 3rd year is arranged at the common factor place, large ridge of First Year and Second Year, within 3 years, completes a farming cycle, samsara in 4 years.During annual autumn harvest, output is 1.5 ten thousand kilograms/hectare.
Embodiment 3
(1) select topsoil deep, fertility is higher, fertilizer conservation water conservation, well-drained smooth plot.
(2) after autumn harvest, carry out the autumn and plough, the degree of depth of ploughing is 25cm, breaks tillage pan, turns over the rear flat rake pressure of dragging in time, accomplish without balking, and Wu Lifa, without clod, soil block is loose, in small, broken bits.
(3) select the resistance to close kind of good quality and high output: select breeding time at 128 days, the high-quality that accumulated temperature is 2750 ℃, the resistance to close kind of high yield, good beautiful 11.
(4) according to the calculation of longitude & latitude of planting site, go out ridge to the west 18 ° for magnetic south, increase light application time, improve the availability of luminous energy.Thing ridge is to firmly not sowing.
(5), according to sun altitude and azimuth and corn plant height, the row spacing on calculation combination ridge, changes the even micro-ridge of tradition 55～60cm into large ridge and micro-ridge combining form, by large ridge and micro-ridge, forms hybrid combining ridge.Large ridge 160cm is wide, and micro-ridge 40cm is wide.
Planting density 6.5 ten thousand strains/hm
2.15 centimetres of spacing in the rows, seed level is advisable with 4 centimetres, and the depth is consistent, broadcasts rear timely suppression.
The micro-ridge of Second Year is arranged at the place, large ridge of First Year, and the micro-ridge of the 3rd year is arranged at the common factor place, large ridge of First Year and Second Year, within 3 years, completes a farming cycle, samsara in 4 years.During annual autumn harvest, output is 1.15 ten thousand kilograms/hectare.
Comparative example 1
(1) select topsoil deep, fertility is higher, fertilizer conservation water conservation, well-drained smooth plot.
(2) after autumn harvest, carrying out the autumn ploughs.
(3) kind is good beautiful 11.
(4) ridge to be thing ridge to.
(5) the even micro-ridge form of tradition 55～60cm.
Planting density 6.5 ten thousand strains/hm
2, broadcast rear timely suppression.During autumn harvest, output is 0.95 ten thousand kilogram/hectare.
Comparative example 2
(1) select topsoil deep, fertility is higher, fertilizer conservation water conservation, well-drained smooth plot.
(2) after autumn harvest, carrying out the autumn ploughs.
(3) kind is good beautiful 11.
(4) ridge, ridge Xiang Wei north and south to.
(5) the even micro-ridge form of tradition 55～60cm.
Planting density 6.5 ten thousand strains/hm
2, broadcast rear timely suppression.During autumn harvest, output is 0.98 ten thousand kilogram/hectare.
By comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, can find out, different ridges are to the impact on photosynthesis of maize, summer in Northeast China wind mostly is southerly, ridge to magnetic south 18-20 to the west ° be better than ridge, north and south to thing ridge to planting type, be conducive to the accumulation of photosynthesis and the dry matter of crop, to reach the object of volume increase.
Embodiment 4
(1) select topsoil deep, fertility is higher, fertilizer conservation water conservation, well-drained smooth plot.
(2) after autumn harvest, carry out the autumn and plough, the degree of depth of ploughing is 25cm, breaks tillage pan, turns over the rear flat rake pressure of dragging in time, accomplish without balking, and Wu Lifa, without clod, soil block is loose, in small, broken bits.
(3) select the resistance to close kind of good quality and high output: select breeding time at 129 days, accumulated temperature is in the resistance to close kind of high-quality, high yield of 2850 ℃, good beautiful 99.
(4) according to the calculation of longitude & latitude of planting site, go out ridge to the west 18 ° for magnetic south, increase light application time, improve the availability of luminous energy.Thing ridge is to firmly not sowing.
(5), according to sun altitude and azimuth and corn plant height, the row spacing on calculation combination ridge, changes the even micro-ridge of tradition 55～60cm into large ridge and micro-ridge combining form, by large ridge and micro-ridge, forms hybrid combining ridge.Large ridge 160cm is wide, and micro-ridge 40cm is wide.
Planting density 6.5 ten thousand strains/hm
2.15 centimetres of spacing in the rows, seed level is advisable with 4 centimetres, and the depth is consistent, broadcasts rear timely suppression.During autumn harvest, output is 2.1 ten thousand kilograms/hectare.
Embodiment 5
(1) carry out the autumn and plough, break tillage pan, turn over the flat rake of rear dragging and press;
(2) according to the longitude and latitude of planting site, measure ridge to the west 20 ° to magnetic south;
(3) according to sun altitude and azimuth and corn plant height, measure the row spacing on combination ridge, adopt and form hybrid combining ridge by large ridge and micro-ridge, large row spacing 150cm, the wide 25cm of micro-ridge;
(4) by breeding time at 126～129 days, accumulated temperature is after planting suppressed at the corn seed of 2650～2850 ℃.During autumn harvest, output is 2.1 ten thousand kilograms/hectare.
Embodiment 6
(1) carry out the autumn and plough, break tillage pan, turn over the flat rake of rear dragging and press;
(2) according to the longitude and latitude of planting site, measure ridge to the west 19 ° to magnetic south;
(3) according to sun altitude and azimuth and corn plant height, measure the row spacing on combination ridge, adopt and form hybrid combining ridge by large ridge and micro-ridge, large row spacing 159cm, the wide 29cm of micro-ridge;
(4) by breeding time at 126～129 days, accumulated temperature is after planting suppressed at the corn seed of 2650～2850 ℃.During autumn harvest, output is 1.85 ten thousand kilograms/hectare.
Embodiment 7
(1) carry out the autumn and plough, break tillage pan, turn over the flat rake of rear dragging and press;
(2) according to the longitude and latitude of planting site, measure ridge to the west 20 ° to magnetic south;
(3) according to sun altitude and azimuth and corn plant height, measure the row spacing on combination ridge, adopt and form hybrid combining ridge by large ridge and micro-ridge, large row spacing 160cm, the wide 30cm of micro-ridge;
(4) by breeding time at 126～129 days, accumulated temperature is after planting suppressed at the corn seed of 2650～2850 ℃.During autumn harvest, output is 1.9 ten thousand kilograms/hectare.
Embodiment 8
(1) carry out the autumn and plough, break tillage pan, turn over the flat rake of rear dragging and press;
(2) according to the longitude and latitude of planting site, measure ridge to the west 20 ° to magnetic south;
(3) according to sun altitude and azimuth and corn plant height, measure the row spacing on combination ridge, adopt and form hybrid combining ridge by large ridge and micro-ridge, large row spacing 170cm, the wide 40cm of micro-ridge;
(4) by breeding time at 126～129 days, accumulated temperature is after planting suppressed at the corn seed of 2650～2850 ℃.During autumn harvest, output is 2.0 ten thousand kilograms/hectare.
Embodiment 9
(1) carry out the autumn and plough, break tillage pan, turn over the flat rake of rear dragging and press;
(2) according to the longitude and latitude of planting site, measure ridge to the west 20 ° to magnetic south;
(3) according to sun altitude and azimuth and corn plant height, measure the row spacing on combination ridge, adopt and form hybrid combining ridge by large ridge and micro-ridge, large row spacing 170cm, the wide 45cm of micro-ridge;
(4) by breeding time at 126～129 days, accumulated temperature is after planting suppressed at the corn seed of 2650～2850 ℃.During autumn harvest, output is 2.2 ten thousand kilograms/hectare.
Obviously; the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described; and be not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention; for those of ordinary skill in the field; can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description; here cannot give all embodiments exhaustive, every still row in protection scope of the present invention of apparent variation that technical scheme of the present invention extends out or change that belong to.
Claims (5)
1. a cultivation method that improves corn yield, is characterized in that: concrete cultivation method is as follows:
(1) carry out the autumn and plough, break tillage pan, turn over the flat rake of rear dragging and press;
(2) according to the longitude and latitude of planting site, measure ridge to the west 18～20 ° to magnetic south;
(3) according to sun altitude and azimuth and corn plant height, measure the row spacing on combination ridge, adopt and form hybrid combining ridge by large ridge and micro-ridge, large row spacing 150～170cm, the wide 25～45cm of micro-ridge;
(4) by breeding time at 126～129 days, accumulated temperature is after planting suppressed at the corn seed of 2650～2750 ℃.
2. the cultivation method of raising corn yield according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the micro-ridge of Second Year is arranged at the place, large ridge of First Year, and the micro-ridge of the 3rd year is arranged at the common factor place, large ridge of First Year and Second Year, within 3 years, complete a farming cycle, samsara in 4 years.
3. the cultivation method of raising corn yield according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the degree of depth of ploughing described in step (1) is 25cm.
4. the cultivation method of raising corn yield according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the large row spacing 150～159cm of step (3), the wide 25～29cm of micro-ridge.
5. the cultivation method of raising corn yield according to claim 1, is characterized in that, preferably, the density of the described sowing of step (4) is 6.5～7.0 ten thousand strains/hm
2, spacing in the rows is 14～15 centimetres, seed level is 3～4cm.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104322265A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-04 | 成都红柿子科技有限公司 | Planting method for corn |
| CN105340557A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-02-24 | 张家港市大新利群农民专业合作社 | Planting method for increasing corn yield |
| CN109906889A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-21 | 渭南市农业技术推广中心 | A kind of cultural method of early spring stubble tomato |
| CN112021102A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-04 | 四川省草业技术研究推广中心 | Planting method for silage corns in plateau area |
| CN113475330A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for planting corn in arid and semi-arid regions |
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| CN1736138A (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2006-02-22 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Corn change the ridge to the methods of cultivation that enlarge row spacing |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1736138A (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2006-02-22 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Corn change the ridge to the methods of cultivation that enlarge row spacing |
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| 刘辉等: "北方玉米高光效超大垄高产栽培技术", 《现代农业科技》 * |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104322265A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-04 | 成都红柿子科技有限公司 | Planting method for corn |
| CN105340557A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-02-24 | 张家港市大新利群农民专业合作社 | Planting method for increasing corn yield |
| CN109906889A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-21 | 渭南市农业技术推广中心 | A kind of cultural method of early spring stubble tomato |
| CN112021102A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-04 | 四川省草业技术研究推广中心 | Planting method for silage corns in plateau area |
| CN113475330A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for planting corn in arid and semi-arid regions |
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Application publication date: 20140305 |