CN103650884A - Straight bar type individual plant cultivation method for lagerstroemia plant of lythraceae - Google Patents
Straight bar type individual plant cultivation method for lagerstroemia plant of lythraceae Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation and relates to a straight bar type individual plant cultivation method for a lagerstroemia plant of lythraceae. The method comprises the following steps: 1, adopting a cutting propagation seedling culture method to culture seedlings; 2, mounting a stem cultivating and modeling formwork; 3, conducting fertilization and soil preparation; 4, planting nursery stocks; 5, cultivating stems; 6, managing and protecting the nursery stocks; 7, conducting seedling root diminution. According to the straight bar type individual plant cultivation method for the lagerstroemia plant of the lythraceae, lagerstroemia indica seedlings are cultured to individual plant nursery stocks to achieve cultivation of 2-5m and even higher straight bar type individual plant nursery stocks, a basic material is provided for cultivating large single-stem lagerstroemia indica wood and culture of different combination modeling by implementing multi-stem inarching culture, multi-stem inarching heating growth can be fast achieved to form a large tree, combined modeling of multiple forms can be conducted, commercial value and the enjoy effect of the nursery stocks are remarkably improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Lythraceae plant of Lagerstroemia straight rod type individual plant cultivation method, belong to plant cultivation technical field.
Background technology
The production of crape myrtle nursery stock and standard are produced and the standard > > Shen Lian people, Chen Xiangqiang chief editor referring to: < < Nursery Stock, Zhejiang science tech publishing house in October, 2005 front page, 105-106 page.The document discloses production and the standard of crape myrtle nursery stock: (1) adopts sowing, cuttage, tillering propagation seedling; (2) tree-like: only dry seedling: trunk is upright, obvious, and branch is even; The seedling of growing thickly: fancy breed and potted plant, often through artificial, prune the fixed dry shape of growing thickly of cultivating into.Defect: the general 1-1.5 rice of only dry seedling is upright trunk below, the branch of more than selecting and remain also rationally controls it and goes out branch height and a direction, and because of highly limited, its breeding method can not meet production and the requirement of the required individual plant of crape myrtle straight rod type trunk moulding.
Special nursery stock incubation for dish garden in grass characters method is referring to: < < China rapid style of writing potted landscape > >, Jiangsu eco-sun agricultural development company compiles, China Forestry Publishing House's in July, 2008 front page, 36-37 page.The document discloses special nursery stock incubation for dish garden in grass characters method: the place of growing seedlings is carried out whole using sufficient base manure, selects the fast soft seeds of the dry growth of one year seedling ebon, taked sowing or cutting propagation seedling, by the seeding row spacing high density of 5-10 centimetre, plants, the short seedling growth of large loose water, prevention and elimination of disease and pests in good time, prevents nursery stock lodging, removes side shoot; Zhongdao make the end of the year nursery stock trunk up and down well-balanced, soft, height of seedling reach 150-200 centimetre, trunk diameter after reaching 0.6-1.2 centimetre for moulding.Defect: although can make nursery stock trunk up and down well-balanced, soft, height of seedling reach 150-200 centimetre, trunk diameter after reaching 0.6-1.2 centimetre for moulding, but, if crape myrtle individual plant cultivating seedlings is become to height of seedling 250-500 centimetre according to this breeding method, because of density height easily cause lodging to change dry type, the more difficult control of damage by disease and insect to cause the loss of growing seedlings, individual plant seedling root to grow a little less than unfavorable transplant survival, its breeding method can not meet production and the requirement of the required individual plant of crape myrtle straight rod type trunk moulding.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, provide a kind of Lythraceae plant of Lagerstroemia straight rod type individual plant cultivation method, to solve above-mentioned technical problem.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A Lythraceae plant of Lagerstroemia straight rod type individual plant cultivation method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1. take cottage propagation seedling-cultivating method to grow seedlings
1A. propagating materials provenance: require to select corresponding kind according to cultivating seedlings; Cutting is clip from the clone of the corresponding kind set up, relatively consistent to guarantee its hereditary basis of propagating materials of corresponding kind;
1B. cuttage seedbed makes: nursery soil is dug and shines soil, wholely according to wide 100-120 centimetres of 50-100 centimetres, aisle, railway carriage or compartment, do railway carriage or compartment after carefully raking, cover the aseptic new soil of 5-10 cm thicks on the face of railway carriage or compartment, irrigate the liquid medicine of mix insecticidal bactericide before cuttage;
1C. cutting time: the cuttage time is for before extremely sprouting after falling leaves; The green wood cutting time is before falling leaves to variable color after shoot lignification;
The clip of 1D. cutting and processing: cutting is by long 10-15 centimetres of clips, and hard branch is removed side shoot, green branch retains 1-2, cutting top leaf; Bundling, is placed in taking root liquid cutting bottom is soaked 1-2 hours;
1E. cutting cuttage: cutting lower vertical is inserted to 3-5 centimetres, seedbed, 5-10 centimetres of seeding row spacings;
1F. seedbed covers: after cuttage completes, with the both sides in the insertion seedbed, two ends of bamboo cane or bamboo chip, do to encircle, cover film is also real by soil pressure for film edge; Green wood cutting needs to add a cover at an upper portion thereof sunshade net after cover film;
2. install and educate dry moulding mould bases
Dry moulding bracing frame is educated in 2A. fabrication and installation: with the prefabricated or Zinc-coated angle steel processing and fabricating support column of armored concrete cast, according to the requirement of straight-bar individual plant moulding, determine height and size reserved fixing hole; With zinc-plated tagger, be processed into pressure network sheet, opening diameter is greater than the diameter of set bolt; In the implant bed of moulding nursery stock apart from middle aisle 20 ~ 30cm, the installation support column of digging pit, embedded depth 40 ~ 70cm, its bottom pouring concrete is fixed, and makes support column perpendicular to ground level, for the one side of fixed support net at same plane or curved surface; Supporting network selects soaking of aperture 2 ~ 10cm to mould wire netting, and during installation, the height of supporting network peak is greater than the maximum height of straight-bar nursery stock moulding, and the height of minimum point is less than the minimum altitude of straight-bar nursery stock moulding, length visual field ground and determining; In the situation that guaranteeing that dictyosome is evened up, with set bolt and pressure network sheet, supporting network is fixed on support column;
2B. fabrication and installation moulding ladder: select the square hole of aperture 1 ~ 2cm to soak and mould wire netting, a square hole of selecting and remain on same straight line, therefrom cuts off with the wire that metal shears connects two adjacent square holes, can obtain aerial ladder formula moulding rack; After drawing a vertical line that the center line of aerial ladder formula moulding ladder is overlapped with vertical line on supporting network, four jiaos of wire cross places of ladder square hole are moulded to wire and are accurately strapped on supporting network with soaking, reserved certain spacing between moulding rack;
3. foster and apply fertilizer and whole ground in cultivation place
3A. improvement of soil fertility: first, apply 5000-10000 kilograms of decomposed manures by every mu, superphosphate double centner; Then, fully turn over plough and sneak into soil;
The whole ground of 3B.: make the shallow furrow method in cultivation Shi Angao railway carriage or compartment, the railway carriage or compartment minute railway carriage or compartment of ditching, furrow width 50 ~ 80cm, ditch depth 20 ~ 60cm, the large railway carriage or compartment wide 300 ~ 800cm in railway carriage or compartment, the middle operation wide 50 ~ 100cm in aisle, is divided into 2 little railway carriage or compartments, and both sides, large railway carriage or compartment respectively stay 15 ~ 30cm to make the furrow ridge, last railway carriage or compartment face is that same furrow accomplish that furrow face is smooth than the shallow furrow of the furrow ridge and the short 10 ~ 15cm in aisle, wide 50 ~ 120cm;
4. transplanted seedling tree: go up and before crape myrtle seedling sprouts, dug seedling at temperature, selection robust growth, the more complete seedling of root system are digged pit and planted under the moulding ladder of bondage, while planting, root are all buried in the earth, and seedling stem base portion is equal with native plane; After having planted, water 1-3 times permeable, guarantee Survival rate of nursery stock;
5. educate dry
5A. limb bondage: after nursery stock sprouting is sprouted, before finishing to this growth cycle, from the bottom up, mutually across a certain distance, with bondage thing, limb bondage is fixed on and is educated on dry ladder, until growth retardation; Bondage thing can not be strangled limb tying tight, should leave certain space; At bondage thing, limb being produced to compressing causes while strangling trace and should solution tie up and change bigger bondage thing;
5B. removes lateral bud: while growing to stagnation after crape myrtle educates dry nursery stock germination and growth, only, erase at any time lateral bud and keep terminal bud growth in its process of growth;
5C., before next growth cycle starts, selects the sturdy full and lateral bud that growth potential is strong in top, and more than this lateral bud raw site, 1-3 millimeters of places carry out cutting strunk, make lateral bud become terminal bud; After this sprouting of lateral bud, use bundle branch device with guarantee the new bud of sprouting with on the direction of growth of limb of a growth cycle formation consistent, continued the growth of perfectly straight trunk;
6. nursery stock is managed and protected
6A. rich water quality management: carry out water and fertilizer synchronization, large loose water management at seedling growth in the phase;
6B. pest management: in seedling growth generation of monitoring plant diseases and insect pests at any time in the phase, once discovery damage by disease and insect should be prevented and treated in time, strictly control disease worm the growth of nursery stock is had a negative impact;
6C. regularly sprays certain density somatotropin in vegetative period, promotes nursery stock internode elongation;
7. nursery stock contracting root: educate dry moulding nursery stock and meet the requirements of after height, carry out repeatedly cutting root by part, to shorten root length, so that the planting of nursery stock while being abutted against.
beneficial effect:owing to having adopted technique scheme, the present invention can cultivate crape myrtle seedling to become the perfectly straight individual plant nursery stock of trunk, realize the cultivation of 2-5 meters even higher straight-bar individual plant nursery stocks, for cultivating the large wood of only dry crape myrtle and implementing, how be dryly abutted against the moulding of cultivation various combination basic material is provided, can realize fast and how dryly be abutted against healing growth and form and set greatly and carry out multi-form combination shaping, significantly improve commodity value and the appreciation effect of nursery stock.
embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Lythraceae plant of Lagerstroemia straight rod type individual plant cultivation method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
1. take cottage propagation seedling-cultivating method to grow seedlings
1A. propagating materials provenance: require to select corresponding kind according to cultivating seedlings; Cutting is clip from the clone of the corresponding kind set up, relatively consistent to guarantee its hereditary basis of propagating materials of corresponding kind;
1B. cuttage seedbed makes: nursery soil is dug and shines soil, wholely according to wide 100-120 centimetres of 50-100 centimetres, aisle, railway carriage or compartment, do railway carriage or compartment after carefully raking, cover the aseptic new soil of 5-10 cm thicks on the face of railway carriage or compartment, irrigate the liquid medicine of mix insecticidal bactericide before cuttage;
1C. cutting time: the cuttage time is for before extremely sprouting after falling leaves; The green wood cutting time is before falling leaves to variable color after shoot lignification;
The clip of 1D. cutting and processing: cutting is by long 10-15 centimetres of clips, and hard branch is removed side shoot, green branch retains 1-2, cutting top leaf; Bundling, is placed in taking root liquid cutting bottom is soaked 1-2 hours;
1E. cutting cuttage: cutting lower vertical is inserted to 3-5 centimetres, seedbed, 5-10 centimetres of seeding row spacings;
1F. seedbed covers: after cuttage completes, with the both sides in the insertion seedbed, two ends of bamboo cane or bamboo chip, do to encircle, cover film is also real by soil pressure for film edge; Green wood cutting needs to add a cover at an upper portion thereof sunshade net after cover film;
2. install and educate dry moulding mould bases
Dry moulding bracing frame is educated in 2A. fabrication and installation: with the prefabricated or Zinc-coated angle steel processing and fabricating support column of armored concrete cast, according to the requirement of straight-bar individual plant moulding, determine height and size reserved fixing hole; With zinc-plated tagger, be processed into pressure network sheet, opening diameter is greater than the diameter of set bolt; In the implant bed of moulding nursery stock apart from middle aisle 20 ~ 30cm, the installation support column of digging pit, embedded depth 40 ~ 70cm, its bottom pouring concrete is fixed, and makes support column perpendicular to ground level, for the one side of fixed support net at same plane or curved surface; Supporting network selects soaking of aperture 2 ~ 10cm to mould wire netting, and during installation, the height of supporting network peak is greater than the maximum height of straight-bar nursery stock moulding, and the height of minimum point is less than the minimum altitude of straight-bar nursery stock moulding, length visual field ground and determining; In the situation that guaranteeing that dictyosome is evened up, with set bolt and pressure network sheet, supporting network is fixed on support column;
2B. fabrication and installation moulding ladder: select the square hole of aperture 1 ~ 2cm to soak and mould wire netting, a square hole of selecting and remain on same straight line, therefrom cuts off with the wire that metal shears connects two adjacent square holes, can obtain aerial ladder formula moulding rack; After drawing a vertical line that the center line of aerial ladder formula moulding ladder is overlapped with vertical line on supporting network, four jiaos of wire cross places of ladder square hole are moulded to wire and are accurately strapped on supporting network with soaking, reserved certain spacing between moulding rack;
3. foster and apply fertilizer and whole ground in cultivation place
3A. improvement of soil fertility: first, apply 5000-10000 kilograms of decomposed manures by every mu, superphosphate double centner; Then, fully turn over plough and sneak into soil;
The whole ground of 3B.: make the shallow furrow method in cultivation Shi Angao railway carriage or compartment, the railway carriage or compartment minute railway carriage or compartment of ditching, furrow width 50 ~ 80cm, ditch depth 20 ~ 60cm, the large railway carriage or compartment wide 300 ~ 800cm in railway carriage or compartment, the middle operation wide 50 ~ 100cm in aisle, is divided into 2 little railway carriage or compartments, and both sides, large railway carriage or compartment respectively stay 15 ~ 30cm to make the furrow ridge, last railway carriage or compartment face is that same furrow accomplish that furrow face is smooth than the shallow furrow of the furrow ridge and the short 10 ~ 15cm in aisle, wide 50 ~ 120cm;
4. transplanted seedling tree: go up and before crape myrtle seedling sprouts, dug seedling at temperature, selection robust growth, the more complete seedling of root system are digged pit and planted under the moulding ladder of bondage, while planting, root are all buried in the earth, and seedling stem base portion is equal with native plane; After having planted, water 1-3 times permeable, guarantee Survival rate of nursery stock;
5. educate dry
5A. limb bondage: after nursery stock sprouting is sprouted, before finishing to this growth cycle, from the bottom up, mutually across a certain distance, with bondage thing, limb bondage is fixed on and is educated on dry ladder, until growth retardation; Bondage thing can not be strangled limb tying tight, should leave certain space; At bondage thing, limb being produced to compressing causes while strangling trace and should solution tie up and change bigger bondage thing;
5B. removes lateral bud: while growing to stagnation after crape myrtle educates dry nursery stock germination and growth, only, erase at any time lateral bud and keep terminal bud growth in its process of growth;
5C., before next growth cycle starts, selects the sturdy full and lateral bud that growth potential is strong in top, and more than this lateral bud raw site, 1-3 millimeters of places carry out cutting strunk, make lateral bud become terminal bud; After this sprouting of lateral bud, use bundle branch device with guarantee the new bud of sprouting with on the direction of growth of limb of a growth cycle formation consistent, continued the growth of perfectly straight trunk;
6. nursery stock is managed and protected
6A. rich water quality management: carry out water and fertilizer synchronization, large loose water management at seedling growth in the phase;
6B. pest management: in seedling growth generation of monitoring plant diseases and insect pests at any time in the phase, once discovery damage by disease and insect should be prevented and treated in time, strictly control disease worm the growth of nursery stock is had a negative impact;
6C. regularly sprays certain density somatotropin in vegetative period, promotes nursery stock internode elongation;
7. nursery stock contracting root: educate dry moulding nursery stock and meet the requirements of after height, carry out repeatedly cutting root by part, to shorten root length, so that the planting of nursery stock while being abutted against.
Claims (1)
1. a Lythraceae plant of Lagerstroemia straight rod type individual plant cultivation method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) take cottage propagation seedling-cultivating method to grow seedlings
(1A) propagating materials provenance: require to select corresponding kind according to cultivating seedlings; Cutting is clip from the clone of the corresponding kind set up, relatively consistent to guarantee its hereditary basis of propagating materials of corresponding kind;
(1B) cuttage seedbed makes: nursery soil is dug and shines soil, wholely according to wide 100-120 centimetres of 50-100 centimetres, aisle, railway carriage or compartment, do railway carriage or compartment after carefully raking, cover the aseptic new soil of 5-10 cm thicks on the face of railway carriage or compartment, irrigate the liquid medicine of mix insecticidal bactericide before cuttage;
(1C) cutting time: the cuttage time is for before extremely sprouting after falling leaves; The green wood cutting time is before falling leaves to variable color after shoot lignification;
(1D) clip of cutting and processing: cutting is by long 10-15 centimetres of clips, and hard branch is removed side shoot, green branch retains 1-2, cutting top leaf; Bundling, is placed in taking root liquid cutting bottom is soaked 1-2 hours;
(1E) cutting cuttage: cutting lower vertical is inserted to 3-5 centimetres, seedbed, 5-10 centimetres of seeding row spacings;
(1F) seedbed covers: after cuttage completes, with the both sides in the insertion seedbed, two ends of bamboo cane or bamboo chip, do to encircle, cover film is also real by soil pressure for film edge; Green wood cutting needs to add a cover at an upper portion thereof sunshade net after cover film;
(2) install and educate dry moulding mould bases
(2A) dry moulding bracing frame is educated in fabrication and installation: with the prefabricated or Zinc-coated angle steel processing and fabricating support column of armored concrete cast, according to the requirement of straight-bar individual plant moulding, determine height and size reserved fixing hole; With zinc-plated tagger, be processed into pressure network sheet, opening diameter is greater than the diameter of set bolt; In the implant bed of moulding nursery stock apart from middle aisle 20 ~ 30cm, the installation support column of digging pit, embedded depth 40 ~ 70cm, its bottom pouring concrete is fixed, and makes support column perpendicular to ground level, for the one side of fixed support net at same plane or curved surface; Supporting network selects soaking of aperture 2 ~ 10cm to mould wire netting, and during installation, the height of supporting network peak is greater than the maximum height of straight-bar nursery stock moulding, and the height of minimum point is less than the minimum altitude of straight-bar nursery stock moulding, length visual field ground and determining; In the situation that guaranteeing that dictyosome is evened up, with set bolt and pressure network sheet, supporting network is fixed on support column;
(2B) fabrication and installation moulding ladder: select the square hole of aperture 1 ~ 2cm to soak and mould wire netting, a square hole of selecting and remain on same straight line, therefrom cuts off with the wire that metal shears connects two adjacent square holes, can obtain aerial ladder formula moulding rack; After drawing a vertical line that the center line of aerial ladder formula moulding ladder is overlapped with vertical line on supporting network, four jiaos of wire cross places of ladder square hole are moulded to wire and are accurately strapped on supporting network with soaking, reserved certain spacing between moulding rack;
(3) foster and apply fertilizer and whole ground in cultivation place
(3A) improvement of soil fertility: first, apply 5000-10000 kilograms of decomposed manures by every mu, superphosphate double centner; Then, fully turn over plough and sneak into soil;
(3B) whole ground: make the shallow furrow method in cultivation Shi Angao railway carriage or compartment, the railway carriage or compartment minute railway carriage or compartment of ditching, furrow width 50 ~ 80cm, ditch depth 20 ~ 60cm, the large railway carriage or compartment wide 300 ~ 800cm in railway carriage or compartment, the middle operation wide 50 ~ 100cm in aisle, is divided into 2 little railway carriage or compartments, and both sides, large railway carriage or compartment respectively stay 15 ~ 30cm to make the furrow ridge, last railway carriage or compartment face is that same furrow accomplish that furrow face is smooth than the shallow furrow of the furrow ridge and the short 10 ~ 15cm in aisle, wide 50 ~ 120cm;
(4) transplanted seedling tree: go up and before crape myrtle seedling sprouts, dug seedling at temperature, selection robust growth, the more complete seedling of root system are digged pit and planted under the moulding ladder of bondage, while planting, root are all buried in the earth, and seedling stem base portion is equal with native plane; After having planted, water 1-3 times permeable, guarantee Survival rate of nursery stock;
(5) educate dry
(5A) limb bondage: after nursery stock sprouting is sprouted, before finishing to this growth cycle, from the bottom up, mutually across a certain distance, with bondage thing, limb bondage is fixed on and is educated on dry ladder, until growth retardation; Bondage thing can not be strangled limb tying tight, should leave certain space; At bondage thing, limb being produced to compressing causes while strangling trace and should solution tie up and change bigger bondage thing;
(5B) remove lateral bud: while growing to stagnation, only, in its process of growth, erase at any time lateral bud and keep terminal bud growth after crape myrtle educates dry nursery stock germination and growth;
(5C) before next growth cycle starts, select the sturdy full and lateral bud that growth potential is strong in top, more than this lateral bud raw site, 1-3 millimeters of places carry out cutting strunk, make lateral bud become terminal bud; After this sprouting of lateral bud, use bundle branch device with guarantee the new bud of sprouting with on the direction of growth of limb of a growth cycle formation consistent, continued the growth of perfectly straight trunk;
(6) nursery stock is managed and protected
(6A) rich water quality management: carry out water and fertilizer synchronization, large loose water management at seedling growth in the phase;
(6B) pest management: in seedling growth generation of monitoring plant diseases and insect pests at any time in the phase, once discovery damage by disease and insect should be prevented and treated in time, strictly control disease worm the growth of nursery stock is had a negative impact;
(6C) in vegetative period, regularly spray certain density somatotropin, promote nursery stock internode elongation;
(7) nursery stock contracting root: educate dry moulding nursery stock and meet the requirements of after height, carry out repeatedly cutting root by part, to shorten root length, so that the planting of nursery stock while being abutted against.
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CN104380964A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-04 | 界首市联发种植专业合作社 | Method for culturing seedlings of crape myrtle |
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CN105432292A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-30 | 安徽建业苗木科技有限公司 | High-survival-rate cutting method for oriental-red lagerstroemia indica |
CN105766297A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-20 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | Dry land planting method of willow herb |
CN105918052A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-09-07 | 南京红森苗木有限公司 | Clustered cultivating method for crape myrtle |
CN105918052B (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2019-05-14 | 南京红森苗木有限公司 | A kind of crape myrtle grows thickly breeding method |
CN108684404A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2018-10-23 | 聂后昌 | The method for cultivating honest crape myrtle |
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CN107593146A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-19 | 铜仁市满堂红农业科技有限公司 | A kind of plant of Lagerstroemia Earth Landscape artistic view moulding cultural method |
CN109089713A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-12-28 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | plant shaping method |
CN113016491A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-25 | 重庆市丹桂实业有限公司 | Crape myrtle seedling cultivation method |
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