CN103636476A - Culture medium for chrysanthemum pear cultivation and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Culture medium for chrysanthemum pear cultivation and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103636476A CN103636476A CN201310598705.3A CN201310598705A CN103636476A CN 103636476 A CN103636476 A CN 103636476A CN 201310598705 A CN201310598705 A CN 201310598705A CN 103636476 A CN103636476 A CN 103636476A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a culture medium for chrysanthemum pear cultivation and a preparation method thereof. The culture medium comprises 32-35 parts of peat, 10-12 parts of straw, 30-35 parts of river sand, 9-12 parts of edible fungus waste residues, 10-15 parts of peanut shells, 12-25 parts of fermented animal dung, 0.01-0.03 part of plant growth regulator, 25-35 parts of silkworm excrement and 3-5 parts of bagasses. The preparation method of the culture medium comprises steps of performing semi-carbonization processing on the straw, the peanut shells and the bagasses, and smashing the peat, the river sand and the silkworm excrement; mixing the materials in the first step with the edible fungus waste residues and the fermented animal dung; evenly mixing the plant growth regulator with water according to the proportion of 1: 100 and spraying the mixture onto a culture medium mixture; disinfecting the culture medium, and then drying the culture medium. The culture medium is reasonable in matching, low in cost, suitable for various plants, capable of effectively promoting rapid growth of plants, simple in preparation process, strong in feasibility, and capable of effectively increasing the survival rate of plant cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medium of a kind of plant cultivation and preparation method thereof, be specifically related to Huanghua Pear medium and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Huanghua Pear also claims dalbergia odorifera, belongs to Papilionaceae, Dalbergia.Huanghua Pear is deciduous tree, the height of tree 10～25m, and the maximum diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground surpasses 60cm, the wide umbrella shape of tree crown, branch is more, and side shoot is sturdy, bark ecru.Huanghua Pear is the modal precious redwood kind of China, is Chinese Second Class Key Protected Plant, very high as timber and medical value, is a rare tree being worthy to be popularized very much.
At present, along with social development, the mankind increase gradually to the demand of plant.Plant main application can be summarized as timber, medicinal, spices, carving handicraft article etc., but it is often subject to the restriction of external environment, growth rate is slow, its growth rate is difficult to catch up with the paces of people's demand, as Huanghua Pear etc. needs just grow up to decades, especially Huanghua Pear must be planted 60 years and even upper a century is just really become a useful person.Generally, we can improve external environment to promote the growth of plant by artificial mode, such as: artificially applying fertilizer, aerosol spray, soil melioration etc., and plant absorbs the mode of nutrition except passing through Foliage Absorption, the overwhelming majority or by nutrition and moisture in powerful Root Absorption soil, therefore improve the effective method that soil is Promoting plant growth.In general production process, people are often by being mixed multiple matrix to impose proper N phosphate fertilizer as plant culture again, though plant desired nutritional can be provided, but proportioning is coarse, service efficiency is low, survival rate is low, poor growth and can not be suitable for the cultivation of most plants, therefore, formulation science is reasonable, the medium of high-efficiency environment friendly, improve plant cultivation survival rate, can promote quick growth of plant and can be widely used in the cultivation of various plants have extremely important meaning for people's life.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide medium of a kind of Huanghua Pear cultivation and preparation method thereof, to solve the problems of the technologies described above.
The present invention is by adopting following technical proposals to be achieved:
The medium of the Huanghua Pear cultivation the present invention relates to, described medium comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 32～35 parts, peat, 10～12 parts of stalks, 30～35 parts of river sands, 9～12 parts, edible mushroom waste residue, 10～15 parts of peanut shells, 12～25 parts of fowl and animal excrements of fermentation, 0.01 ~ 0.03 part of plant growth regulator, 25～35 parts of silkworm excrements, 3～5 parts of bagasse.In this medium, peat is as Nutrition Soil, there is light weight, water holding, breathe freely and be rich in the advantages such as organic, it coordinates the river sand of corresponding proportion again, stalk, edible mushroom waste residue, peanut shell and bagasse, be aided with the plant culture making containing enriching the fowl and animal excrement of nitrogen element and the compositions such as silkworm excrement of phosphorus element-containing simultaneously, in conjunction with plant growth regulator, plant growth regulator plant establishment in cuttage plays a significant role, right plant cell division, the branch of cuttage is taken root and is played important effect, make fertility sufficient, fertilizer efficiency is long, not only can reduce the generation of damage by disease and insect and peculiar smell, resistance against diseases and the anti-adversity ability of plant have also been strengthened, improve plant establishment rate.Wherein, adopt river sand as filler, not only can improve soil structure, improve the gas permeability of soil, prevent that the newborn root system of plant from rotting, and be beneficial to the formation of root system, and the raw materials such as stalk, edible mushroom waste residue, peanut shell, bagasse are agricultural residue, utilize effectively Promoting plant growth and can be widely used in plant cultivation field of medium that above-mentioned agricultural residue makes, this has promoted recycling of agricultural resources that scientific basis is provided for effectively to utilize agriculture waste material.In addition, the raw material sources in medium are abundant, cheap, are conducive to reduce cultivation cost.
In described culture medium raw material, also comprised that parts by weight are the perlite of 3～8 parts, now be equipped with the perlite of proper proportion, can play transformation soil structure, regulate soil compaction, prevent crops lodging, and the gas permeability of the matrix that has additional nutrients and water imbibition, effectively control the required fertilizer efficiency of plant and fertile degree, promote quick growth of plant.
Described culture medium raw material also comprises that parts by weight are the medical stone of 5 ~ 10 parts, in medical stone, except containing convention element is, also contains the trace elements such as zinc, iron, selenium, copper, and the growth and breeding of Huanghua Pear is played to facilitation.
In described culture medium raw material, stalk can be one or more of rice husk, plant stem, plant tendril.
For the nitrogen that makes to be rich in the raw materials such as stalk in medium, peanut shell, bagasse, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and the nutrient component such as organic can be absorbed fast by Huanghua Pear, to promote the Fast Growth of plant, preferentially adopt partial carbonization stalk, partial carbonization peanut shell and edible mushroom waste residue by fermentation.Wherein, partial carbonization stalk, partial carbonization peanut shell can adopt simple and easy partial carbonization method to carry out partial carbonization processing to raw materials such as stalk, peanut shells, concrete operations are as follows: by stockpile such as stalk, peanut shells in ground, after lighting, by matrix, covered tightly again, top covers one deck thin soil again and carries out smoldering, makes raw material fade to brown.In addition, can be chosen under higher temperature conditions edible mushroom waste residue is fermented, with by the easy simple organic matter recovery of moldy metamorphism in material, the stable chemical performance that guarantees matrix, concrete operations are as follows: waste edible fungus slag muck is amassed and cover Polypropylence Sheet, make stack temperature rise to 45-65 ℃, then by turning or ventilation, carry out oxygen supply, carry out moisturizing to guarantee suitable temperature in good time, supplement nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, after a period of time, temperature drops to normal temperature.
Described silkworm excrement first ferments 30 ~ 60 days, then carries out mixed culture fermentation 5 ~ 10 days with fermented livestock ight soil.Silkworm excrement is rich in organic matter, ash content, N and P element, and these elements are the necessary elements of plant growth, carry out mixed culture fermentation with fermented livestock ight soil, makes to be rich in fermentation product the elements such as N, P and K.
The temperature stabilization of described medium is controlled as 25-30 ℃, intensity of illumination is 1500 ~ 5000lux, humidity is 60 ~ 80%, and Huanghua Pear shoot growth needs strict temperature, illumination and humidity regulation, and illumination is excessively strong, make branch withered even dead, intensity of illumination is low, is unfavorable for photosynthesis, unfavorable to growing, keep certain humidity, utilize plant to absorb moisture.
The medium preparation method of plant cultivation of the present invention, comprise the steps: to allocate culture medium raw material, described culture medium raw material can comprise the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 32～35 parts, peat, 10～12 parts of stalks, 30～35 parts of river sands, 9～12 parts, edible mushroom waste residue, 10～15 parts of peanut shells, 12～25 parts of fermentation fowl and animal excrements, 0.01 ~ 0.03 part of plant growth regulator, 25～35 parts of silkworm excrements and bagasse, by stalk, peanut shell and bagasse carry out half charing processing, by peat, river sand and silkworm excrement are pulverized, after preferably pulverizing, raw material particle size is 2～20mm, the raw material of processing, edible mushroom waste residue and fermentation fowl and animal excrement are mixed, and uniform stirring, makes medium compound, plant growth regulator is mixed with 1:100 ratio and water, be sprayed on medium compound, medium compound and plant growth regulator are fully mixed, by the disinfection of medium compound, after being dried, make medium finished product.
In addition, because the stalk in culture medium raw material, peanut shell, river sand, peat and edible mushroom waste residue etc. contain more microorganism and bacterium, easily infect plant and work the mischief.Therefore, need to carry out disinfection to medium compound, can adopt the disinfectants such as potassium permanganate, formalin or pcnb to carry out disinfection, preferentially adopt 0.5% potassium permanganate solution at normal temperatures medium compound fully to be sprayed, carry out disinfection.
Medium of the present invention, reasonable mixture ratio, balanced in nutrition, be suitable for most plants cultivation and can effectively promote quick growth of plant, its preparation process is simple, feasibility is strong, can effectively improve plant cultivation survival rate.Adopt culture matrix of the present invention to carry out plant cuttage cultivation, the plant quality of production is good, and the production cycle, survival rate reached 85～92%, has greatly improved plant propagation competitive ability from cuttage to gathering only 80～90 days.
Embodiment
In order to make technological means of the invention process be easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.
Embodiment 1
Medium (medium 1) comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 3 parts of 32 parts, peat, 12 parts of stalks, 30 parts of river sands, 11 parts, edible mushroom waste residue, 11 parts of peanut shells, 12 parts of fowl and animal excrements of fermentation, 0.01 part of plant growth regulator, 25 parts of silkworm excrements and bagasse.Medium preparation method, comprise the following steps: the first step, silkworm excrement is first fermented 30 days, then carry out mixed culture fermentation 5 days with fermented livestock ight soil, stalk, peanut shell and bagasse are carried out to half charing processing, peat, river sand and silkworm excrement are pulverized to make raw material particle size be 10mm; Second step, the raw material that previous step is processed, edible mushroom waste residue and fermentation fowl and animal excrement mix, and stir, and make medium compound; The 3rd step, plant growth regulator is mixed with 1:100 ratio and water, be sprayed on medium compound, medium compound and plant growth regulator are fully mixed, the 4th step, the potassium permanganate solution of employing 0.5%, to the disinfection of above-mentioned medium compound, is then dried the compound after sterilization.
Adopt above-mentioned technological means to carry out cuttage cultivation to Hainan Huanghua Pear and Vietnam's Huanghua Pear fringe bar, each uses respectively medium 1 and normal soil to carry out cuttage cultivation with 100 fringe bars, the collecting sample after 30 days of growing, to the survival rate of Hainan Huanghua Pear and Vietnam's Huanghua Pear, on average degree of increasing, average diameter increase thick and average root coefficient order and compare, result is as table 1.
The comparison of table 1 different substrates cuttage cultivation plant growth effect
As seen from Table 1, with 1 pair of Hainan Huanghua Pear of medium and Vietnam's Huanghua Pear fringe bar, carry out cuttage cultivation, Hainan Huanghua Pear survival rate is 89%, on average grow tall that 5cm, diameter on average increase thick 0.4cm, average root coefficient order is 24, and Vietnam's Huanghua Pear survival rate is 90%, on average grow tall that 6cm, diameter on average increase thick 0.3cm, average root coefficient order is 26.And with normal soil, Hainan Huanghua Pear and Vietnam's Huanghua Pear fringe bar are carried out to cuttage cultivation, Hainan Huanghua Pear survival rate is 55%, on average grow tall that 2cm, diameter on average increase thick 0.1cm, average root coefficient order is 14, and Vietnam's Huanghua Pear survival rate is 53%, on average grow tall that 2cm, diameter on average increase thick 0.1cm, average root coefficient order is 13.
Embodiment 2
Medium comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 5 parts of 35 parts, peat, 10 parts of stalks, 35 parts of river sands, 12 parts, edible mushroom waste residue, 10 parts of peanut shells, 25 parts of fowl and animal excrements of fermentation, 0.03 part of plant growth regulator, 35 parts of silkworm excrements, 3 parts of bagasse and perlites.This medium preparation method, comprise the following steps: the first step, silkworm excrement first ferments 60 days, then carries out mixed culture fermentation 8 days with fermented livestock ight soil, stalk, peanut shell and bagasse are carried out to half charing processing, peat, river sand, silkworm excrement and perlite are pulverized and made raw material particle size 20mm; Second step, the raw material that previous step is processed, edible mushroom waste residue and fermentation fowl and animal excrement mix, and stir, and make medium compound; The 3rd step, plant growth regulator is mixed with 1:100 ratio and water, be sprayed on medium compound, medium compound and plant growth regulator are fully mixed, the 4th step, the potassium permanganate solution of employing 0.5%, to the disinfection of above-mentioned medium compound, is then dried the compound after sterilization.
Embodiment 3
Medium comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 5 parts of 33 parts, peat, 11 parts of stalks, 32 parts of river sands, 10 parts, edible mushroom waste residue, 13 parts of peanut shells, 20 parts of fowl and animal excrements of fermentation, 0.02 part of plant growth regulator, 30 parts of silkworm excrements, 4 parts of bagasse and medical stones.This medium preparation method, comprise the following steps: the first step, silkworm excrement first ferments 40 days, then carries out mixed culture fermentation 10 days with fermented livestock ight soil, stalk, peanut shell and bagasse are carried out to half charing processing, peat, river sand, silkworm excrement and medical stone are pulverized and made raw material particle size 15mm; Second step, the raw material that previous step is processed, edible mushroom waste residue and fermentation fowl and animal excrement mix, and stir, and make medium compound; The 3rd step, plant growth regulator is mixed with 1:100 ratio and water, be sprayed on medium compound, medium compound and plant growth regulator are fully mixed, the 4th step, the potassium permanganate solution of employing 0.5%, to the disinfection of above-mentioned medium compound, is then dried the compound after sterilization.
Embodiment 4
Medium comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight: 10 parts of 34 parts, peat, 10 parts of stalks, 34 parts of river sands, 9 parts, edible mushroom waste residue, 14 parts of peanut shells, 23 parts of fowl and animal excrements of fermentation, 0.02 part of plant growth regulator, 33 parts of silkworm excrements, 3 parts of bagasse, 8 parts of perlites and medical stones.This medium preparation method, comprise the following steps: the first step, silkworm excrement first ferments 50 days, then carries out mixed culture fermentation 9 days with fermented livestock ight soil, stalk, peanut shell and bagasse are carried out to half charing processing, peat, river sand, silkworm excrement and medical stone are pulverized and made raw material particle size 18mm; Second step, the raw material that previous step is processed, edible mushroom waste residue and fermentation fowl and animal excrement mix, and stir, and make medium compound; The 3rd step, plant growth regulator is mixed with 1:100 ratio and water, be sprayed on medium compound, medium compound and plant growth regulator are fully mixed, the 4th step, the potassium permanganate solution of employing 0.5%, to the disinfection of above-mentioned medium compound, is then dried the compound after sterilization.
Above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described; those skilled in the art is to be understood that; do not departing from aim of the present invention and scope, can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the medium that Huanghua Pear is cultivated, is characterized in that: described medium comprises the culture medium raw material of following parts by weight:
32～35 parts, peat
10～12 parts of stalks
30～35 parts of river sands
9～12 parts, edible mushroom waste residue
10～15 parts of peanut shells
12～25 parts of fermentation fowl and animal excrements
0.01 ~ 0.03 part of plant growth regulator
25～35 parts of silkworm excrements
3～5 parts of bagasse.
2. the medium of Huanghua Pear cultivation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described culture medium raw material also comprises that parts by weight are the perlite of 3～8 parts.
3. the medium of Huanghua Pear cultivation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described culture medium raw material also comprises that parts by weight are the medical stone of 5 ~ 10 parts.
4. according to the medium of the Huanghua Pear cultivation described in any one in claim 1～3, it is characterized in that: described stalk is one or more in rice husk, plant stem, plant tendril.
5. according to the medium of the Huanghua Pear cultivation described in any one in claim 1～3, it is characterized in that: described silkworm excrement first ferments 30 ~ 60 days, then carry out mixed culture fermentation 5 ~ 10 days with fermented livestock ight soil.
6. according to the medium of the Huanghua Pear cultivation described in any one in claim 1～3, it is characterized in that: described edible mushroom waste residue is the edible mushroom waste residue of fermentation.
7. according to the medium of the Huanghua Pear cultivation described in any one in claim 1～3, it is characterized in that: described culture medium raw material particle diameter is 2～20mm.
8. the medium of Huanghua Pear cultivation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the temperature stabilization of described medium is controlled as 25-30 ℃, and intensity of illumination is 1500 ~ 5000lux, and humidity is 60 ~ 80%.
9. the medium preparation method that Huanghua Pear according to claim 1 is cultivated, is characterized in that: concrete preparation process is as follows:
1) raw material is processed: stalk, peanut shell and bagasse are carried out to half charing processing, peat, river sand and silkworm excrement are pulverized;
2) mix: the raw material of step 1 preparation, edible mushroom waste residue and fermentation fowl and animal excrement are mixed, and uniform stirring, makes medium compound;
3) spray: plant growth regulator is mixed with 1:100 ratio and water, be sprayed on medium compound, medium compound and plant growth regulator are fully mixed;
4) sterilization: medium disinfection prepared by step 3), then dry.
10. the medium preparation method of Huanghua Pear cultivation according to claim 9, is characterized in that: at normal temperatures, adopt 0.5% potassium permanganate solution to spray medium compound, carry out disinfection.
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| CN104396521A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-11 | 惠州市东江园林工程有限公司 | Artificial seedling reproducing technique for huanghua pear trees |
| CN105001013A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-10-28 | 龚卫新 | Special organic fertilizer for Hainan fragrant rosewood and preparation method of organic fertilizer |
| CN105009927A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-04 | 龚卫新 | Cutting propagation method for controlling Hainan dalbergia odorifera diseases and pests |
| CN105060961A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-11-18 | 龚卫新 | Organic fertilizer dedicated to teakwood and preparation method thereof |
| CN105254386A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-01-20 | 罗继卫 | Silkworm excrement cultivation media and preparation method thereof |
| CN105309185A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-02-10 | 罗城仫佬族自治县永富生态种养农民专业合作社 | Organic grape planting method |
| CN106718261A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 广西炎瑞农业发展有限公司 | A kind of Huanghua Pear culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN107960254A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-04-27 | 安徽徽大农业有限公司 | A kind of Huanghua Pear seed seedling-raising method |
| CN109197522A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-15 | 海南大学 | A kind of seedling medium and application promoting dalbergia odorifera growth of seedling and root system development |
| CN109418126A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-03-05 | 祁海杰 | A kind of culture medium of chrysanthemum pear cultivation and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105254386A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-01-20 | 罗继卫 | Silkworm excrement cultivation media and preparation method thereof |
| CN104396521A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-11 | 惠州市东江园林工程有限公司 | Artificial seedling reproducing technique for huanghua pear trees |
| CN105001013A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-10-28 | 龚卫新 | Special organic fertilizer for Hainan fragrant rosewood and preparation method of organic fertilizer |
| CN105060961A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-11-18 | 龚卫新 | Organic fertilizer dedicated to teakwood and preparation method thereof |
| CN105060961B (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2018-05-25 | 滦县广通生物科技有限公司 | Teak fertilizer special for organic and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105009927B (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-11-24 | 南京汉尔斯生物科技有限公司 | Prevent and treat the cuttage breeding method of Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage |
| CN105309185A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-02-10 | 罗城仫佬族自治县永富生态种养农民专业合作社 | Organic grape planting method |
| CN106718261A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 广西炎瑞农业发展有限公司 | A kind of Huanghua Pear culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN109418126A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-03-05 | 祁海杰 | A kind of culture medium of chrysanthemum pear cultivation and preparation method thereof |
| CN107960254A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-04-27 | 安徽徽大农业有限公司 | A kind of Huanghua Pear seed seedling-raising method |
| CN109197522A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-15 | 海南大学 | A kind of seedling medium and application promoting dalbergia odorifera growth of seedling and root system development |
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