CN103739401A - Special substrate for soilless seedling of mustard - Google Patents
Special substrate for soilless seedling of mustard Download PDFInfo
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- CN103739401A CN103739401A CN201410026548.3A CN201410026548A CN103739401A CN 103739401 A CN103739401 A CN 103739401A CN 201410026548 A CN201410026548 A CN 201410026548A CN 103739401 A CN103739401 A CN 103739401A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special substrate for soilless seedling of mustard. The substrate comprises perlite, grass carbon, sawdust, mustard leaf residues and Chinese herbal medicine residues. According to the substrate, the mustard leaf residues which are thoroughly decomposed are used as organic fertilizers to supply nutrients to a seedling process. The substrate also comprises the Chinese herbal medicine residues, and a large number of various nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium needed by plant growth development in the Chinese herbal medicine residues supply rich nutrition. According to the loose structure of the medicine residues, the substrate has the advantages of looseness, breathability, moisture preservation and fertility preservation. Compared with a conventional soil seedling substrate of the mustard, the special substrate for the soilless seedling of the mustard has the advantages of small pest and disease damage, low cost, high survival rate, high disease resistance and high yield; meanwhile, wastes are turned into treasures, and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of matrix of non-soil culture, especially a kind of matrix that is exclusively used in plum dish non-soil culture, belongs to field of agricultural production technologies.
Background technology
Plum dish is the special product of Guangdong Huizhou, and plum dish and leaf mustard belong to one species, appearance similar, and tighter because of its requirement to weather, general enters the plantation of time-division in winter after autumn, salted through special technique with salt after harvest, is one of domestic rare vegetable variety.In the plum dish outward appearance Huang of pickling, band is blue or green, has a small amount of salt to analyze, soft, has strong plum dish agalloch eaglewood taste, fresh and crisp.The most famous plum dishes, as " steamed pork belly with preserved greens ", has become widely known vegetable.It is reported, plum dish is sugary 5.7%, protein 5.6% trace element that contains 7 kinds of needed by human body such as multivitamin, 17 seed amino acids and zinc, magnesium, potassium, there is the health-care effecies such as the stagnant stomach invigorating that disappears, grand fat, step-down, and obtain the approval of U.S. Shi Kou management board, be decided to be " natural health food ".
Non-soil culture refers in certain container, grow seedlings with culture medium and nutritive medium, non-soil culture is the integral part of soilless culture, its quality of the seedling of cultivating by the method for non-soil culture is better than traditional soil seedling neat and that be bred as of growing seedlings, have that seedling is fast, seedling neat and consistent, strong sprout rate high, be convenient to mechanized operation, after planting, the advantage such as seedling transplanting seedling time is short.Batch production non-soil culture, refers to without natural soil, and modernization seedling raising manners artificial with vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, perlite, rock wool, mineral wool etc. or that natural substrates carries out.At present, non-soil culture, except being applied to soilless culture, is also widely used in soil cultivation.Batch production non-soil culture has following remarkable advantage: 1, be convenient to carry out mechanize, mass-producing, intensive production and grow seedlings, greatly reduce labour intensity, and be not subject to seasonal restrictions, the anniversary can grow seedlings.2, reduce disease and pest and occur, easily cultivate neat strong sprout, and shorten the seedling age of growing seedlings, save the vegetables production time.3, non-soil culture is conducive to root system development, and after field planting, slow seedling is fast, and surviving rate is up to 90%.
The matrix that is used for the non-soil culture of vegetables has been reported.Invention CN 103058729 A disclose the special seedling medium of a kind of leaf vegetables, this matrix comprises the organic wastes such as vinegar grain, manioc waste and vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, plant ash, perlite, this substrate formula component volume ratio is: vinegar grain 25-35, manioc waste 5-10, plant ash 10-15, vermiculite 15-20, peat composed of rotten mosses 20-25, perlite 5-10; This matrix total nutrient content 1-3%, free water content 25-40%, total porosity 65-85%, unit weight 0.1-0.8g/m3, pH is 5.5-7.5, EC value is 0.5-2.0mS/cm, butt organic content >=25%; It through thermophilic fermentation processing, produces soilless culture substrate mainly using organic wastes such as vinegar grain, manioc wastes as raw material, turns waste into wealth, and turns harm into good.But the fermentative processing of its organic waste is with high temperature quick rotting agent or EM microbial preparation, needs additional preparation, is not the green food of pure natural, and its feature of environmental protection is under some influence.Patent CN 100386020C discloses a kind of solid nutraceutical matrix of vegetables non-soil culture, mainly comprise the mixture by the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite, every cubic metre all adds 2 kilograms of inorganic nutrient substances, in inorganic nutrient substance, contain N12%, P13%, K8%, S10%, Ca15%, Mg2%, element total content 5%.Organic nutrient substance 10g, organic nutrient substance is high-energy organic fertilizer: yellow humic acid; 10 liters, sorbent material, sorbent material is zeolite powder.Chitin 5g, water-holding agent 50g.This patent is mainly the problems such as the compounding not bringing containing nutritive substance in matrix under rearing condition is loaded down with trivial details and with high costs that solve.
Adopt conventional grow seedlings, cultivation matrix is as peat, perlite, vermiculite, nutrient content is low, must water nutritive medium, not only cost is high, also high to the pollution of vegetables, especially some nitrogen elements can be higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for above-mentioned deficiency, a kind of matrix that is exclusively used in plum dish non-soil culture designing in conjunction with the characteristic of plum dish process of growth according to plum dish purposes is provided, this matrix contains plum vegetable leaf residue, after utilizing plum vegetable leaf residue to become thoroughly decomposed as fertilizer, for seedling raising process provides nutrient, in matrix, also contain Chinese herb residues, the a large amount of required nitrogen of growth and development of plants in Chinese herb residues, phosphorus, the various nutrients such as potassium also provide abundant source of nutrition, the structure that the dregs of a decoction are fluffy, matrix is had more loose ventilative, preserve moisture and fertility advantage, soil with respect to traditional plum dish is grown seedlings, there is disease and pest few, cost is low, surviving rate is high, disease resistance is strong, the advantage that output is high.
In order to address the above problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows: a kind of matrix of special plum dish non-soil culture contains perlite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, sawdust, also contains plum vegetable leaf residue, Chinese herb residues.
Described plum vegetable leaf residue is the plum vegetable leaf residue after becoming thoroughly decomposed.
Described Chinese herb residues is the herbal medicine residue by fermentation, after the decoction of sterilizing, pulverization process.The treatment processs such as described fermentation, sterilizing, pulverizing adopt ordinary method.
The matrix of special plum dish non-soil culture of the present invention is mixed by the raw material of following volume percent: perlite 10-30%, peat composed of rotten mosses 30-60%, sawdust 20-40%, the plum vegetable leaf residue 5-20% becoming thoroughly decomposed and Chinese herb residues 1-5%.
Preferred version is the raw material of following volume percent: perlite 20%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 40%, sawdust 28%, the plum vegetable leaf residue 10% becoming thoroughly decomposed and Chinese herb residues 2%.
The method of becoming thoroughly decomposed of described plum vegetable leaf residue is: under the room temperature of 18-28 ℃, plum vegetable leaf residue is piled to placement, and spray the clear water of plum dish leaf quality 1 ~ 5%, then cover plastics film, fermentation 30-65 days, then plastics film is removed, spread out, at ambient temperature, ventilation makes it seasoning, then pulverize, cross the sieve of 3-5 millimeter, obtain.
The present invention is as follows with respect to the beneficial effect of prior art:
(1) in substrate formula of the present invention, plum vegetable leaf residue can make seedling medium bulk suitable after becoming thoroughly decomposed, and is beneficial to and grows seedlings, and be again a kind of well fertilizer, and nutritive ingredient can be provided, and meets the needs of seedling raising process to nutrient; Chinese medicine is taken from root, stem, leaf, flower, reality, the skin of plant mostly, include abundant nutritive ingredient, in Chinese medicine residue after decoction, still contain the various nutrients such as the required nitrogen of a large amount of growth and development of plants, phosphorus, potassium, the processing such as sterilizing by fermentation,, for matrix, can provide nutritive ingredient at nursery stage;
(2) matrix of the present invention, has loose breathing freely, and preserve moisture and fertility, grows seedlings with respect to the soil of traditional plum dish, has advantages of that disease and pest is few, cost is low, surviving rate is high, disease resistance is strong, output is high;
(3) utilize discarded plum vegetable leaf residue and Chinese herb residues, turn waste into wealth, and the pollution that the plum dish obtaining is subject to respect to traditional method for culturing seedlings is little.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further details, these embodiment are only used for illustrating the present invention, do not limit the scope of the invention.
embodiment 1be exclusively used in a matrix for plum dish non-soil culture, by the raw material of following volume percent, mixed: perlite 20%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 40%, sawdust 28%, the plum vegetable leaf residue 10% becoming thoroughly decomposed and Chinese herb residues 2%; The method of becoming thoroughly decomposed of described plum vegetable leaf residue is: under the room temperature of 20 ℃, plum vegetable leaf residue is piled to placement, and spray the clear water of plum dish leaf quality 3%, then cover plastics film, ferment 50 days, then plastics film is removed, spread out, at ambient temperature, ventilation makes it seasoning, then pulverize, cross the sieve of 5 millimeters, obtain; Described Chinese herb residues is the herbal medicine residue by fermentation, after the decoction of sterilizing, pulverization process.The treatment processs such as described fermentation, sterilizing, pulverizing adopt ordinary method.
embodiment 2be exclusively used in a matrix for plum dish non-soil culture, by the raw material of following volume percent, mixed: perlite 10%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 60%, sawdust 20%, the plum vegetable leaf residue 15% becoming thoroughly decomposed and Chinese herb residues 5%; The method of becoming thoroughly decomposed of described plum vegetable leaf residue is: under the room temperature of 25 ℃, plum vegetable leaf residue is piled to placement, and spray the clear water of plum dish leaf quality 1%, then cover plastics film, ferment 40 days, then plastics film is removed, spread out, at ambient temperature, ventilation makes it seasoning, then pulverize, cross the sieve of 5 millimeters, obtain; Described Chinese herb residues is the herbal medicine residue by fermentation, after the decoction of sterilizing, pulverization process.The treatment processs such as described fermentation, sterilizing, pulverizing adopt ordinary method.
embodiment 3be exclusively used in a matrix for plum dish non-soil culture, by the raw material of following volume percent, mixed: perlite 30%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 40%, sawdust 24%, the plum vegetable leaf residue 5% becoming thoroughly decomposed and Chinese herb residues 1%; The method of becoming thoroughly decomposed of described plum vegetable leaf residue is: under the room temperature of 28 ℃, plum vegetable leaf residue is piled to placement, and spray the clear water of plum dish leaf quality 5%, then cover plastics film, ferment 30 days, then plastics film is removed, spread out, at ambient temperature, ventilation makes it seasoning, then pulverize, cross the sieve of 5 millimeters, obtain; Described Chinese herb residues is the herbal medicine residue by fermentation, after the decoction of sterilizing, pulverization process.The treatment processs such as described fermentation, sterilizing, pulverizing adopt ordinary method.
embodiment 4be exclusively used in a matrix for plum dish non-soil culture, by the raw material of following volume percent, mixed: perlite 18%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 30%, sawdust 30%, the plum vegetable leaf residue 20% becoming thoroughly decomposed and Chinese herb residues 2%; The method of becoming thoroughly decomposed of described plum vegetable leaf residue is: under the room temperature of 18 ℃, plum vegetable leaf residue is piled to placement, and spray the clear water of plum dish leaf quality 2%, then cover plastics film, ferment 65 days, then plastics film is removed, spread out, at ambient temperature, ventilation makes it seasoning, then pulverize, cross the sieve of 5 millimeters, obtain; Described Chinese herb residues is the herbal medicine residue by fermentation, after the decoction of sterilizing, pulverization process.The treatment processs such as described fermentation, sterilizing, pulverizing adopt ordinary method.
Claims (6)
1. be exclusively used in a matrix for plum dish non-soil culture, contain perlite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, sawdust, it is characterized in that: also contain plum vegetable leaf residue, Chinese herb residues.
2. the matrix that is exclusively used in plum dish non-soil culture according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described plum vegetable leaf residue is the plum vegetable leaf residue after becoming thoroughly decomposed.
3. the matrix that is exclusively used in plum dish non-soil culture according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Chinese herb residues is the herbal medicine residue by fermentation, after the decoction of sterilizing, pulverization process.
4. according to the matrix that is exclusively used in plum dish non-soil culture described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: the raw material by following volume percent mixes: perlite 10-30%, peat composed of rotten mosses 30-60%, sawdust 20-40%, the plum vegetable leaf residue 5-20% becoming thoroughly decomposed and Chinese herb residues 1-5%.
5. according to the matrix that is exclusively used in plum dish non-soil culture described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: the raw material by following volume percent mixes: perlite 20%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 40%, sawdust 28%, the plum vegetable leaf residue 10% becoming thoroughly decomposed and Chinese herb residues 2%.
6. according to the matrix that is exclusively used in plum dish non-soil culture described in any one in claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: the method for becoming thoroughly decomposed of described plum vegetable leaf residue is: under the room temperature of 18-28 ℃, plum vegetable leaf residue is piled to heap and place, and spray the clear water of plum dish leaf quality 1 ~ 5%, then cover plastics film, fermentation 30-65 days, then removes plastics film, spread out, at ambient temperature, ventilate and make it seasoning, then pulverize, the sieve of crossing 3-5 millimeter, obtains.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410026548.3A CN103739401B (en) | 2014-01-21 | 2014-01-21 | A kind of matrix being exclusively used in plum dish non-soil culture |
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| CN201410026548.3A CN103739401B (en) | 2014-01-21 | 2014-01-21 | A kind of matrix being exclusively used in plum dish non-soil culture |
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| CN103739401A true CN103739401A (en) | 2014-04-23 |
| CN103739401B CN103739401B (en) | 2016-02-24 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103739400A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-04-23 | 谭飞鸿 | Substrate for soilless seedling of mustard |
| CN105016892A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-04 | 何慧艳 | Honeysuckle flower nutrient fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106718732A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 广西大学 | A kind of dedicated substrate of preserved vegetable nursery |
| CN107969271A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-05-01 | 广西荔浦安吉利木业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Guanyang pyrus nivalis |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103739400A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-04-23 | 谭飞鸿 | Substrate for soilless seedling of mustard |
| CN103739400B (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2016-06-29 | 谭飞鸿 | A kind of substrate of preserved vegetable non-soil culture |
| CN105016892A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-04 | 何慧艳 | Honeysuckle flower nutrient fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106718732A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 广西大学 | A kind of dedicated substrate of preserved vegetable nursery |
| CN107969271A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-05-01 | 广西荔浦安吉利木业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Guanyang pyrus nivalis |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103739401B (en) | 2016-02-24 |
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