CN103828698B - A kind of substrate for preserved vegetable non-soil culture - Google Patents
A kind of substrate for preserved vegetable non-soil culture Download PDFInfo
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- CN103828698B CN103828698B CN201410026642.9A CN201410026642A CN103828698B CN 103828698 B CN103828698 B CN 103828698B CN 201410026642 A CN201410026642 A CN 201410026642A CN 103828698 B CN103828698 B CN 103828698B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of substrate for preserved vegetable non-soil culture, this substrate forms by volumes below percentage mix containing by zeolite powder, the peat composed of rotten mosses, prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue, poultry dung: zeolite powder 10-30%, peat composed of rotten mosses 30-60%, the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue 20-40% become thoroughly decomposed and poultry dung 10-30%。This substrate of the present invention utilizes the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue after becoming thoroughly decomposed and poultry dung as fertilizer, nutrient is provided for seedling raising process, fluffy structure, substrate is made to have more loose ventilative, water conservation fertilizer conservation advantage, also containing zeolite powder and the peat composed of rotten mosses in substrate, zeolite powder itself is containing the macroelement needed for the growth of dish Seedling and trace element, simultaneously zeolite powder also has good ion exchange, adsorption, and good stability, antibiont toxicity, non-oxidizability etc., having can the beneficial effect of Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions；Relative to the soil nursery of traditional preserved vegetable, there is the advantage that pest and disease damage is few, cost is low, survival rate is high, disease resistance is strong, yield is high。
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the substrate of a kind of non-soil culture, especially a kind of substrate for preserved vegetable non-soil culture, belong to field of agricultural production technologies。
Background technology
Preserved vegetable is the special product of Guangdong Huizhou, and preserved vegetable and Caulis et Folium Brassicae junceae belong to one species, and profile is similar, and because it is relatively tight to the requirement of weather, general enters the plantation of time-division in winter after autumn, salted through special technique with salt after harvest, is one of domestic rare vegetable variety。In the preserved vegetable outward appearance Huang pickled, band is blue or green, has a small amount of salt to analyze, soft, has strong preserved vegetable Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum taste, fresh and crisp。Most notable preserved vegetable dish such as " steamed pork belly with preserved greens ", it has also become widely known vegetable。It is reported, preserved vegetable is sugary 5.7%, protein 5.6% trace element containing 7 kinds of needed by human body such as multivitamin, 17 seed amino acids and zinc, magnesium, potassium, there is the health-care effecies such as the stagnant stomach invigorating that disappears, grand fat, blood pressure lowering, and obtain the accreditation of Shi Kou management board of the U.S., be decided to be " natural health food "。
Non-soil culture refers in certain container, nursery is carried out with culture matrix and nutritional solution, non-soil culture is the ingredient of soilless culture, its quality of the seedling seedling that is more neat than traditional soil nursery and that be bred as cultivated by the method for non-soil culture is good, have that seedling is fast, seedling neat and consistent, strong sprout rate high, it is easy to mechanized operation, after planting, the advantages such as seedling transplanting seedling time is short。Batch production non-soil culture, refers to without natural soil, and the modernization seedling raising manners that or natural substrates artificial with Vermiculitum, the peat composed of rotten mosses, perlite, rock wool, mineral wool etc. carries out。At present, non-soil culture, except being applied to soilless culture, is also widely used in soil cultivation。Batch production non-soil culture has following remarkable advantage: 1, being convenient for mechanization, scale, intensive manufacture nursery, greatly reduce labor intensity, and be not subject to seasonal restrictions, the anniversary can nursery。2, reduce pest and disease damage to occur, it is easy to cultivate neat strong sprout, and shorten nursery seedling age, save the vegetable production time。3, non-soil culture is conducive to root system development, and after field planting, slow Seedling is fast, and survival rate is up to 90%。
Substrate for the non-soil culture of vegetable has been reported。The open a kind of special seedling medium of leaf vegetables of invention CN103058729A, this substrate includes the organic waste such as vinegar, manioc waste and Vermiculitum, the peat composed of rotten mosses, plant ash, perlite, this matrix formulations volume components ratio is: vinegar 25-35, manioc waste 5-10, plant ash 10-15, Vermiculitum 15-20, peat composed of rotten mosses 20-25, perlite 5-10；This substrate total nutrient content 1-3%, free water content 25-40%, total porosity 65-85%, unit weight 0.1-0.8g/m3, pH are 5.5-7.5, EC value is 0.5-2.0mS/cm, the butt content of organic matter >=25%；It is mainly using the organic waste such as vinegar, manioc waste as raw material, processes through hot fermentation, produces soilless culture substrate, turns waste into wealth, turn harm into good。But the fermentation process of its organic waste is with high temperature quick rotting agent or EM microorganism formulation, needs additional preparation, is not the pollution-free food of pure natural, and its feature of environmental protection is under some influence。Patent CN100386020C discloses the Solid nutritional substrate of a kind of vegetable non-soil culture, mainly include the mixture by the peat composed of rotten mosses and Vermiculitum, every cubic metre all adds inorganic nutrient substance 2 kilograms, containing N12%, P13%, K8%, S10%, Ca15%, Mg2% in inorganic nutrient substance, and element total content 5%。Organic nutrient substance 10g, organic nutrient substance is high-energy organic fertilizer: yellow humic acid；Adsorbent 10 liters, adsorbent is zeolite powder。Chitin 5g, water-retaining agent 50g。This patent is mainly the problems such as the compounding solving under rearing condition to bring without nutrient substance in substrate is loaded down with trivial details and with high costs。
Adopting the nursery of routine, cultivation matrix such as peat, perlite, Vermiculitum, nutrient content is low, it is necessary to water nutritional solution, and not only cost is high, and the pollution of vegetable is also high, and especially some nitrogen elements can be higher。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for above-mentioned deficiency, a kind of substrate for preserved vegetable non-soil culture is provided, this substrate utilizes the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue after becoming thoroughly decomposed and poultry dung as fertilizer, nutrient is provided for seedling raising process, fluffy structure, substrate is had more loose ventilative, water conservation fertilizer conservation advantage, also containing zeolite powder and the peat composed of rotten mosses in substrate, zeolite powder itself is containing the macroelement needed for the growth of dish Seedling and trace element, zeolite powder also has good ion exchange simultaneously, adsorption, and good stability, antibiont toxicity, non-oxidizability etc., having can the beneficial effect of Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions；Relative to the soil nursery of traditional preserved vegetable, there is the advantage that pest and disease damage is few, cost is low, survival rate is high, disease resistance is strong, yield is high。
In order to solve the problems referred to above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows: a kind of substrate for preserved vegetable non-soil culture, is made up of zeolite powder, the peat composed of rotten mosses, prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue, poultry dung。
The described substrate for preserved vegetable non-soil culture is mixed by the raw material of volumes below percentage ratio: zeolite powder 10-30%, peat composed of rotten mosses 30-60%, the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue 20-40% become thoroughly decomposed and poultry dung 10-30%。
The raw material of preferred volumes below percentage ratio mixes: zeolite powder 20%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 40%, the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue 30% become thoroughly decomposed and poultry dung 10%。
Described prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue preferably become thoroughly decomposed after prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue。
The preferred silicone content more than 60% of described zeolite powder, density 1.0-2.0g/cm3Clinoptilolite or modenite。
The method of becoming thoroughly decomposed of described prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue is: under the room temperature of 18-28 DEG C, by preserved vegetable leaf slag muck placement in heaps, and spray the clear water of preserved vegetable leaf quality 1 ~ 5%, then cover plastic sheeting, ferment 30-65 days, then plastic sheeting is removed, spread out, at ambient temperature, ventilate so as to natural drying, then pulverize, cross the sieve of 3-5 millimeter, to obtain final product。
The present invention having the beneficial effect that relative to prior art:
(1) in the matrix formulations of the present invention, prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue can make seedling medium bulk suitable after becoming thoroughly decomposed, and is beneficial to nursery, and is again a kind of well fertilizer, it is possible to provide nutritional labeling, meets the seedling raising process needs to nutrient；
(2) poultry dung is good fertilizer, but owing at birds feeding process, the feedstuff often added containing heavy metal is fed, content of beary metal in poultry dung is caused to exceed standard, poultry dung is directly applied fertilizer and easily makes heavy metal in soil content increase be unfavorable for nursery, also easily make content of beary metal at Residues in Vegetables；The present invention adds zeolite powder in substrate, zeolite powder itself is containing the macroelement needed for the growth of dish Seedling and trace element, simultaneously zeolite powder also has good ion exchange, an adsorption, and good stability and non-oxidizability, and having can the beneficial effect of Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions。
Detailed description of the invention
By the examples below the present invention being described in further details, these embodiments are only used for the present invention is described, do not limit the scope of the invention。
Embodiment 1The substrate for preserved vegetable non-soil culture of the present invention is prepared by below scheme:
(1) the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue become thoroughly decomposed is prepared: under the room temperature of 18 DEG C, by preserved vegetable leaf slag muck placement in heaps, and spray the clear water of preserved vegetable leaf quality 3%, then cover plastic sheeting, ferment 45 days, then plastic sheeting is removed, spread out, at ambient temperature, ventilate so as to natural drying, then pulverize, cross the sieve of 5 millimeters；
(2) by volumes below percentage ratio, each raw material is mixed: zeolite powder (silicone content 65%, density 1.0g/cm3Clinoptilolite) 30%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 30%, the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue 20% become thoroughly decomposed and poultry dung 20%。
Embodiment 2The substrate for preserved vegetable non-soil culture of the present invention is prepared by below scheme:
(1) the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue become thoroughly decomposed is prepared: under the room temperature of 28 DEG C, by preserved vegetable leaf slag muck placement in heaps, and spray the clear water of preserved vegetable leaf quality 5%, then cover plastic sheeting, ferment 65 days, then plastic sheeting is removed, spread out, at ambient temperature, ventilate so as to natural drying, then pulverize, cross the sieve of 5 millimeters；
(2) by volumes below percentage ratio, each raw material is mixed: zeolite powder (silicone content 70%, density 1.5g/cm3Modenite) 20%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 40%, the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue 30% become thoroughly decomposed and poultry dung 10%。
Embodiment 3The substrate for preserved vegetable non-soil culture of the present invention is prepared by below scheme:
(1) the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue become thoroughly decomposed is prepared: under the room temperature of 20 DEG C, by preserved vegetable leaf slag muck placement in heaps, and spray the clear water of preserved vegetable leaf quality 1%, then cover plastic sheeting, ferment 30 days, then plastic sheeting is removed, spread out, at ambient temperature, ventilate so as to natural drying, then pulverize, cross the sieve of 3 millimeters；
(2) by volumes below percentage ratio, each raw material is mixed: zeolite powder (silicone content 60%, density 2.0g/cm3Clinoptilolite) 10%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 30%, the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue 40% become thoroughly decomposed and poultry dung 20%。
Claims (3)
1. the substrate for preserved vegetable non-soil culture, it is characterised in that: being made up of zeolite powder, the peat composed of rotten mosses, prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue, poultry dung, its preparation method is as follows:
(1) the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue become thoroughly decomposed is prepared: under the room temperature of 18 DEG C, by preserved vegetable leaf slag muck placement in heaps, and spray the clear water of preserved vegetable leaf quality 3%, then cover plastic sheeting, ferment 45 days, then plastic sheeting is removed, spread out, at ambient temperature, ventilate so as to natural drying, then pulverize, cross the sieve of 5 millimeters；
(2) by volumes below percentage ratio, each raw material is mixed: zeolite powder 30%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 30%, the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue 20% become thoroughly decomposed and poultry dung 20%, described zeolite powder is silicone content 65%, density 1.0g/cm3Clinoptilolite。
2. the substrate for preserved vegetable non-soil culture, it is characterised in that: being made up of zeolite powder, the peat composed of rotten mosses, prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue, poultry dung, its preparation method is as follows:
(1) the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue become thoroughly decomposed is prepared: under the room temperature of 28 DEG C, by preserved vegetable leaf slag muck placement in heaps, and spray the clear water of preserved vegetable leaf quality 5%, then cover plastic sheeting, ferment 65 days, then plastic sheeting is removed, spread out, at ambient temperature, ventilate so as to natural drying, then pulverize, cross the sieve of 5 millimeters；
(2) by volumes below percentage ratio, each raw material is mixed: zeolite powder 20%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 40%, the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue 30% become thoroughly decomposed and poultry dung 10%, described zeolite powder is silicone content 70%, density 1.5g/cm3Modenite。
3. the substrate for preserved vegetable non-soil culture, it is characterised in that: being made up of zeolite powder, the peat composed of rotten mosses, prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue, poultry dung, its preparation method is as follows:
(1) the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue become thoroughly decomposed is prepared: under the room temperature of 20 DEG C, by preserved vegetable leaf slag muck placement in heaps, and spray the clear water of preserved vegetable leaf quality 1%, then cover plastic sheeting, ferment 30 days, then plastic sheeting is removed, spread out, at ambient temperature, ventilate so as to natural drying, then pulverize, cross the sieve of 3 millimeters；
(2) by volumes below percentage ratio, each raw material is mixed: zeolite powder 10%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 30%, the prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. vegetable leaf residue 40% become thoroughly decomposed and poultry dung 20%, described zeolite powder is silicone content 60%, density 2.0g/cm3Clinoptilolite。
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| CN103828698B true CN103828698B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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| CN106718732A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 广西大学 | A kind of dedicated substrate of preserved vegetable nursery |
| CN113767832A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-10 | 河北农业大学 | Pepper seedling raising substrate and preparation method thereof |
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