CN103964967B - A kind of rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco and supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid thereof - Google Patents
A kind of rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco and supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco disclosed by the invention and supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid thereof, relate to the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating technology in agricultural technology field; Its rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco is prepared from by the raw material of following parts by volume: rice husk process material 45-50, perlite 30-35, vermiculite 16-20, fine sand 2; Its grow seedling nutritional liquid is prepared from by the raw material of following weight part: four water-calcium nitrate 30-60, nitre phosphorus ammonium 300-350, saltpetre 360-400, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 40-80, monoammonium phosphate 150-200, DA-65-10, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 10-20, Trisodium Citrate 10-20, boric acid 10-25, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 10-20, water 1000000; Have and can reduce peat composed of rotten mosses consumption, reduce seedling cost and the features such as healthy and strong cigarette seedling can be cultivated, be suitable for the floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco in national each tobacco planting district.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating technology in agricultural technology field, particularly a kind of rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco and supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid thereof.
Background technology
Floating seedlings is a kind of method without earth culture seedling raising, it is the new form of factorial praluction, its largest benefit to bring out sufficient, even, neat, the strong strong sprout without disease and pest, can early growth and quick tiller, growth neat and consistent, big area production level can be significantly improved, and due to it be nursery in clean environment, therefore do not have disease and pest to be brought to land for growing field crops.Therefore, started from 2000, national tobacco seedling progressively promotes floating seedlings, and up to the present, floating seedlings accounts for more than 70% of whole tobacco seedling, and often educating 2 mu of cigarette seedlings needs seedling medium 0.07 cubic metre.Existing levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance, is mainly made up of, because peat composed of rotten mosses data is Nonrenewable resources the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite etc., every Year's consumption is large, and cost of development is high, and welding, thus, occurred in recent years utilizing rice husk to make the patent documentation of floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco.But, these utilize rice husk to make in the patent documentation of floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco, and be all used as substrate material by after charred rice husk, the volumetric wear after charred rice husk is large, during charing, smog has certain influence to environment, and the organic matter after charing in rice husk is consumed and has slatterned; Meanwhile, charring rice husk does floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco, and particle diameter is little, and particle is easily broken, and water regain is higher, is unfavorable for cigarette seedling late growing stage.
Hunan is paddy rice main producing region, rice husk aboundresources.In rice husk silicon and crude fiber content high, not easily broken, good ventilation property can be kept, but containing the grain of rice and rice bran in undressed rice husk, in seedling raising process, these grain of rices and rice bran be the mouldy and long seedlings of cereal crops easily, and water-absorbent is poor.
Meanwhile, in floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco process, need supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid, just can cultivate strong sprout.Floating seedlings needs carrying substrates to transplant, and tobacco root system wants flourishing, otherwise matrix is easily scattered.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can reduce peat composed of rotten mosses consumption, reduce seedling cost and the levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance of healthy and strong cigarette seedling can be cultivated, and a kind of grow seedling nutritional liquid supporting is with it provided.
For achieving the above object, the technical measures that the present invention takes are a kind of rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of invention, are be prepared from by the raw material of following parts by volume:
Rice husk process material 45-50 perlite 30-35 vermiculite 16-20 fine sand 2;
Its preparation process is as follows:
(1), rice husk pre-treatment:
1., heap is played: first reach 60-65% by moistening for rice husk water to moisture content, then, urea is added according to the ratio of rice husk raw material weight 0.1-0.3%, mixing, be piled into the long strip shape heap of high 1.5-2 rice, wide 1.8-2.2 rice, then pile with covered rearing with plastic film long strip shape;
2., just heap is sealed: carried out sealing heap 25-30 days by the long strip shape heap being coated with plastics film, during sealing heap, every turning in 10 days once; Keep the skin wet in time during turning, keep moisture content to reach 60-65%; Seal after heap terminates, become and seal windrow; (standard of sealing heap end at the beginning of rice husk is: rice husk color browning, shell deliquescing, hand is pinched not broken, and in the form of sheets, grain and cavings have decomposed rice husk.)
3., filling: by the peat composed of rotten mosses according to sealing windrow: the volume ratio of the peat composed of rotten mosses=4-6:3 adds to be sealed in windrow, mixing, and keeping the skin wet to water content 40-45%, becoming and seal heap addition material;
4., sterilizing: heap addition material will be sealed through 70-90 DEG C of sterilizing 5-8 minute, and become high-temperature sterilization material;
5., again seal heap: long strip shape high-temperature sterilization stockpile high-temperature sterilization material being piled into high 1.0-1.5 rice, wide 3-5 rice, and cover with plastic film, then carry out low temperature and seal heap sterilizing 12-24 hour, become rice husk process material;
(2), get the raw materials ready: get each raw material respectively by above-mentioned parts by volume, for subsequent use;
(3), just mix: above-mentioned each raw material for subsequent use is mixed, become just batch mixing, for subsequent use;
(4), compound closes: in first batch mixing for subsequent use, add NPK fertilizers, make its N P and K total content reach 240-450mg/kg; Wherein: nitrogen content reaches 80-150mg/kg, phosphorus content reaches 80-150mg/kg, and potassium content reaches 80-150mg/kg; Mix, namely become rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention.
Meanwhile, also inventing the grow seedling nutritional liquid that a kind of and above-mentioned rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco is supporting, is be prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
In described nitre phosphorus ammonium, nitrogen content is 30%, phosphorus pentoxide content is 6%.
The preparation method of described grow seedling nutritional liquid is: by above-mentioned each raw material mixing, stirring and dissolving.
Its technical scheme one optimized is prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
Its technical scheme two optimized is prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
Its technical scheme three optimized is prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
Rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention and supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid thereof form floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco carrier, rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco wherein, rice husk is added urea and keeps certain humidity to carry out sealing heap fermentation, and then obtained rice husk process material, then add the peat composed of rotten mosses carry out low temperature seal heap fermentation, make process after rice husk, shell deliquescing, hand is pinched not broken, and water-absorbent is strong, and contained grain and cavings have decomposed.Therefore, the part peat composed of rotten mosses can be replaced, thus reduce peat composed of rotten mosses consumption, reduce seedling cost, alleviate the environmental disruption because the exploitation peat composed of rotten mosses causes; Meanwhile, because rice husk and the peat composed of rotten mosses after fermentation are close, in addition supporting with it grow seedling nutritional liquid can provide enough nutrients for cigarette seedling, therefore, it is possible to cultivate healthy and strong rice shoot, and matrix loose group when can reach cigarette transplantation of seedlings, it is short to go back seedling stage after transplanting.Nitre phosphorus ammonium, saltpetre and monoammonium phosphate in grow seedling nutritional liquid are macroelement, and four water-calcium nitrate and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate are moderate-elements, and Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, boric acid and cupric sulfate pentahydrate are trace elements, and DA-6 is promoter, and Trisodium Citrate is pH buffer reagent.
Rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention and supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid thereof, once carried out floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco test.
To be tested in March ,-2014 in December, 2013 in nursery factory of Yongan town, Changsha, Hunan Liuyang City Yonghe County, testing nursery carrier used is the rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco and grow seedling nutritional liquid prepared according to embodiment three, is K326 for examination flue-cured tobacco cultivars; Adopt the flue-cured tobacco that Yunnan company produces
Floating seedlings dedicated substrate and grow seedling nutritional liquid are in contrast.Following table is test statistics data sheet.
As can be seen from upper table data, there is the advantage of several aspect compared with control group in test group: one is that seedling-growing time does sth. in advance 2 days, and two is also 2 days ahead of time little time cross phase, and three is the seedling time do sth. in advance 5 days, four be strong sprout rate improve seven percentage points.Therefore, rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention and supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid comparatively currently available products thereof, have comparatively significantly advantage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.Explanation is below the mode exemplified, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment one
1, the rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present embodiment, its preparation process is as follows:
(1), rice husk pre-treatment:
1., play heap: first reach 62% by moistening for rice husk water to moisture component, then, add urea according to the ratio of rice husk raw material weight 0.2%, mixing, be piled into high 1.8 meters, wide 2 meters long strip shape heap, then pile with covered rearing with plastic film long strip shape;
2., just heap is sealed: carried out sealing heap 25-30 days by the long strip shape heap being coated with plastics film, during sealing heap, every turning in 10 days once; Keep the skin wet in time during turning, keep moisture component to reach 62%; When rice husk color browning, shell deliquescing, hand is pinched not broken, and in the form of sheets, now, grain and cavings have decomposed rice husk, seals heap and terminates, become and seal windrow;
3., filling: by the peat composed of rotten mosses according to sealing windrow: the volume ratio of the peat composed of rotten mosses=5:3 adds to be sealed in windrow, mixing, and keeping the skin wet to water content 42%, becoming and seal heap addition material;
4., sterilizing: heap addition material will be sealed through 80 DEG C of sterilizings 7 minutes, and become sterilizing material;
5., again seal heap: sterilizing material is piled into high 1.2 meters, wide 4 meters long strip shape sterilizing stockpile, and cover with plastic film, then carry out low temperature and seal heap 18 hours, become rice husk process material;
The object that low temperature seals heap allows entrained grass-seed in the peat composed of rotten mosses sprout, and in matrix production process thereafter, due to the disappearance of moisture, the grass-seed of sprouting can lose activity, thus avoid multiplying weeds when nursery.
(2), get the raw materials ready: by volume part is got respectively:
45 parts, rice husk process material, perlite 35 parts, vermiculite 18 parts, fine sand 2 parts, for subsequent use;
(3), just mix: above-mentioned each raw material for subsequent use is mixed, become just batch mixing, for subsequent use;
(4), compound closes: in first batch mixing for subsequent use, add NPK fertilizers, make its N P and K total content reach 450mg/kg; Wherein: nitrogen content reaches 150mg/kg, phosphorus content reaches 150mg/kg, and potassium content reaches 150mg/kg; Mix, namely become rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention.
2, the grow seedling nutritional liquid of the present embodiment is prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
In described nitre phosphorus ammonium, nitrogen content is 30%, phosphorus pentoxide content is 6%, below two embodiments identical therewith.
Its preparation method is: by above-mentioned each raw material mixing, stirring and dissolving, below two embodiments identical therewith.
When 3, using, first in nursery pond, put into clean water, depth of water 8-10cm, then the rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present embodiment is placed in floating seedling culturing dish for tobacco, then, conventionally carry out nursery.
In seedling raising process, when cigarette seedling emerges 70% and cigarette seedling envelope dish, respectively to Additional nutrient solution in floating tobacco seedling raising pond (that is: twice fertilising).Extra-nutrition has two kinds of modes, and a kind of mode displaces with fresh grow seedling nutritional liquid the grow seedling nutritional liquid employed in floating tobacco seedling raising pond; Another kind of mode is extra-nutrition composition, that is: according in the every 1000000 grams grow seedling nutritional liquid employed, supplementary four water-calcium nitrate 30 grams, nitre phosphorus ammonium 300 grams, 400 grams, saltpetre, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 40 grams, monoammonium phosphate 150 grams, DA-65 gram, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 20 grams, Trisodium Citrate 20 grams, boric acid 10 grams, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 20 grams.
Embodiment two
1, the rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present embodiment, its preparation process is as follows:
(1), rice husk pre-treatment: identical with embodiment one;
(2), get the raw materials ready: by volume part is got respectively:
50 parts, rice husk process material, perlite 32 parts, vermiculite 16 parts, fine sand 2 parts, for subsequent use;
(3), just mix: above-mentioned each raw material for subsequent use is mixed, become just batch mixing, for subsequent use;
(4), compound closes: in first batch mixing for subsequent use, add NPK fertilizers, make its N P and K total content reach 240mg/kg; Wherein: nitrogen content reaches 80mg/kg, phosphorus content reaches 80mg/kg, and potassium content reaches 80mg/kg; Mix, namely become rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention.
2, the grow seedling nutritional liquid of the present embodiment is prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
When 3, using, first in nursery pond, put into clean water, depth of water 8-10cm, then the rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present embodiment is placed in floating seedling culturing dish for tobacco, then, conventionally carry out nursery.
In seedling raising process, when cigarette seedling emerges 70% and cigarette seedling envelope dish, respectively to Additional nutrient solution in floating tobacco seedling raising pond.Extra-nutrition has two kinds of modes, and a kind of mode displaces with fresh grow seedling nutritional liquid the grow seedling nutritional liquid employed in floating tobacco seedling raising pond; Another kind of mode is extra-nutrition composition, that is: according in the every 1000000 grams grow seedling nutritional liquid employed, supplementary four water-calcium nitrate 60 grams, nitre phosphorus ammonium 350 grams, 360 grams, saltpetre, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 80 grams, monoammonium phosphate 200 grams, DA-610 gram, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 10 grams, Trisodium Citrate 10 grams, boric acid 25 grams, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 10 grams.
Embodiment three
1, the rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present embodiment, its preparation process is as follows:
(1), rice husk pre-treatment: identical with embodiment one;
(2), get the raw materials ready: by volume part is got respectively:
48 parts, rice husk process material, perlite 30 parts, vermiculite 20 parts, fine sand 2 parts, for subsequent use;
(3), just mix: above-mentioned each raw material for subsequent use is mixed, become just batch mixing, for subsequent use;
(4), compound closes: in first batch mixing for subsequent use, add NPK fertilizers, make its N P and K total content reach 360mg/kg; Wherein: nitrogen content reaches 120mg/kg, phosphorus content reaches 120mg/kg, and potassium content reaches 120mg/kg; Mix, namely become rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention.
2, the grow seedling nutritional liquid of the present embodiment is prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
When 3, using, first in nursery pond, put into clean water, depth of water 8-10cm, then the rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present embodiment is placed in floating seedling culturing dish for tobacco, then, conventionally carry out nursery.
In seedling raising process, when cigarette seedling emerges 70% and cigarette seedling envelope dish, respectively to Additional nutrient solution in floating tobacco seedling raising pond.Extra-nutrition has two kinds of modes, and a kind of mode displaces with fresh grow seedling nutritional liquid the grow seedling nutritional liquid employed in floating tobacco seedling raising pond; Another kind of mode is extra-nutrition composition, that is: according in the every 1000000 grams grow seedling nutritional liquid employed, supplementary four water-calcium nitrate 40 grams, nitre phosphorus ammonium 320 grams, 380 grams, saltpetre, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 60 grams, monoammonium phosphate 180 grams, DA-68 gram, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 15 grams, Trisodium Citrate 15 grams, boric acid 15 grams, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 15 grams.
Rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention and supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid thereof, be suitable for the floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco in national each tobacco planting district.
Claims (5)
1. a rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco, is characterized in that the raw materials used following parts by volume that comprises:
Rice husk process material 45-50 perlite 30-35 vermiculite 16-20 fine sand 2;
Its preparation process is as follows:
(1), rice husk pre-treatment:
1., heap is played: first reach 60-65% by moistening for rice husk water to moisture content, then, urea is added according to the ratio of rice husk raw material weight 0.1-0.3%, mixing, be piled into the long strip shape heap of high 1.5-2 rice, wide 1.8-2.2 rice, then pile with covered rearing with plastic film long strip shape;
2., just heap is sealed: carried out sealing heap 25-30 days by the long strip shape heap being coated with plastics film, during sealing heap, every turning in 10 days once; Keep the skin wet in time during turning, keep moisture content to reach 60-65%; Seal after heap terminates, become and seal windrow;
3., filling: by the peat composed of rotten mosses according to sealing windrow: the volume ratio of the peat composed of rotten mosses=4-6:3 adds to be sealed in windrow, mixing, and keeping the skin wet to water content 40-45%, becoming and seal heap addition material;
4., sterilizing: heap addition material will be sealed through 70-90 DEG C of sterilizing 5-8 minute, and become sterilizing material;
5., again seal heap: long strip shape sterilizing stockpile sterilizing material being piled into high 1.0-1.5 rice, wide 3-5 rice, and cover with plastic film, then carry out low temperature and seal heap 12-24 hour, become rice husk process material;
(2), get the raw materials ready: get each raw material respectively by above-mentioned parts by volume, for subsequent use;
(3), just mix: above-mentioned each raw material for subsequent use is mixed, become just batch mixing, for subsequent use;
(4), compound closes: in first batch mixing for subsequent use, add NPK fertilizers, make its N P and K total content reach 240-450mg/kg; Wherein: nitrogen content reaches 80-150mg/kg, phosphorus content reaches 80-150mg/kg, and potassium content reaches 80-150mg/kg; Mix, namely become rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention.
2., with the grow seedling nutritional liquid that rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco described in claim 1 is supporting, it is characterized in that being prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
In described nitre phosphorus ammonium, nitrogen content is 30%, phosphorus pentoxide content is 6%.
3. grow seedling nutritional liquid according to claim 2, it is characterized in that being prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
4. grow seedling nutritional liquid according to claim 2, it is characterized in that being prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
5. grow seedling nutritional liquid according to claim 2, it is characterized in that being prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
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| CN104211544B (en) * | 2014-09-14 | 2016-07-06 | 湖南省湘晖农业技术开发有限公司 | A kind of acidity-adjusting nutrition agent of medium for dry breeding of seedling bed of rice soil |
| CN104957013A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-10-07 | 遵义联谷农业科技有限公司 | Tobacco seedling substrate based on organic solid waste |
| CN109220681B (en) * | 2018-11-17 | 2021-07-13 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Tobacco potting method and application thereof |
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| CN1111148C (en) * | 1998-01-24 | 2003-06-11 | 云南省烟草大理州公司 | Nutritive liquid for floating seedling growth of tobacco |
| EP1036492A1 (en) * | 1999-03-13 | 2000-09-20 | Aventis Research & Technologies GmbH & Co. KG | Seed treatment composition |
| ITMI20050105A1 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-07-27 | Sadepan Chimica S R L | SEMINIERA AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS MANUFACTURE |
| CN101213928B (en) * | 2008-01-10 | 2010-06-02 | 西南大学 | Nutrient solution prescription of flue-cured tobacco fungus rooting floating raise seedling and its applying method |
| CN101935253B (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2013-10-16 | 安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所 | Cured tobacco floating seedling raising medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN103193544B (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2014-11-26 | 安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所 | Flue-cured tobacco float breeding matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN102845288A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2013-01-02 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Biochar substrate for raising tobacco seedlings and method for raising tobacco seedlings by biochar substrate |
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Address after: 410326 Yangliu village, chunkou Town, Liuyang City, Changsha City, Hunan Province Patentee after: HUNAN XIANGHUI AGRICULTURE TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. Address before: 410323, Yongan Industrial Park, Liuyang, Hunan, Changsha Province, No. four Patentee before: HUNAN XIANGHUI AGRICULTURE TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. |
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Denomination of invention: A rice husk based floating seedling substrate for flue-cured tobacco and its supporting nutrient solution Effective date of registration: 20201103 Granted publication date: 20150826 Pledgee: Chunkou sub branch of Hunan Liuyang Rural Commercial Bank Co., Ltd Pledgor: HUNAN XIANGHUI AGRICULTURE TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2020430000029 |
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Date of cancellation: 20211116 Granted publication date: 20150826 Pledgee: Chunkou sub branch of Hunan Liuyang Rural Commercial Bank Co., Ltd Pledgor: Hunan Xianghui Agriculture Technique Development Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2020430000029 |