CN107827658A - A kind of red soil conditioner of Heisui River gadfly sand compounding chelating boron - Google Patents
A kind of red soil conditioner of Heisui River gadfly sand compounding chelating boron Download PDFInfo
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- CN107827658A CN107827658A CN201711214861.XA CN201711214861A CN107827658A CN 107827658 A CN107827658 A CN 107827658A CN 201711214861 A CN201711214861 A CN 201711214861A CN 107827658 A CN107827658 A CN 107827658A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention discloses the red soil conditioner that a kind of Heisui River gadfly sand compounds chelating boron.The formula of the red soil conditioner is：In parts by mass, its host component is：40~60 parts of Heisui River gadfly sand, 25~35 parts of straw mushroom slag, 8~12 parts of coconut palm chaff, 8~12 parts of maize straw, the composite aminoacid small peptide chelated boric acid solution of the Boratex Han 10.50~16.00g is often added with kg host components.The conditioner can effectively improve soil pH value, reduce the content of the soil weight, the increase soil organism, hydrolyzable nitrogen and effective boron, reparation suitable for all Degraded Red Soils is nursed one's health, and be particularly suitable for use in boron deficiency red soil, and the preparation method of the conditioner is simple and easy, cost is cheap, safety and environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil remediation field, more particularly to a kind of red soil conditioner of Heisui River gadfly sand compounding chelating boron.
Background technology
According to statistics, the Red Soils in Southern China area gross area reaches 217.96 ten thousand square kilometres, including 15 provinces (area), accounts for complete
The 1/5 of state's land area；Population 4.8 hundred million, account for the whole nation 40%；Plough 28,000,000 hectares, account for the 30% of the whole nation.In the whole nation 1/3
The agriculture value of national half, the grain of half and the population for having born nearly half are provided on arable land.But due to for a long time to soil
The irrational utilization of ground resource, whole distract ecology and environment are by heavy damage, wherein just there is the following aspects：
1st, soil acidification is serious：
The desiliconization allitization process of red soil, originally it is a more slow acidization.In modern age, due to by acid rain depositions,
The factors such as ammonium fertilizer largely uses, agricultural planting system, cultivation in farmland control measures and human industryization progress faster
Influence, expand the scope of soil natural acidifying and accelerate the speed of self-souring, so as to be produced to plant growth and environment
Harmful effect.All kinds of about 200,000,000 hectares of (hm of acidified soil area of China2), wherein Guangdong Province accounts for 60%.Soil acidification has turned into
Restrict one of significant obstacle of China's agricultural sustainable development.
According to statistics, the several heavy Acid Rain Zones in China are all in red earth area, by about 2,000,000 hectares of the distribution area of acidified soil,
Most of tropical and subtropical region and cloud, expensive, river etc. of the main integrated distribution of acid soil in China on the south the Changjiang river are red, yellow
Territory area.If Nanchang is one of two acid rain centers of south China, rainwater pH value 4.5-5.0, minimum 3.2, acid rain
Frequency is more than 80%.In addition, soil acidification can increase soil aluminium ion, murder by poisoning is produced to crop；K in soil can be caused+、
Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+And NH4+Deng base cation leaching loss, so as to cause soil depletion, fertility to reduce, and sought for minerals such as nitrogen, phosphorus
Support the validity of element and having a great influence for content.Meanwhile soil acidification can suppress the activity of edaphon, organic carbon is reduced
Decomposition rate, influence water acidification, all these to illustrate, soil acidification turns into restricts China agricultural sustainable development
One of significant obstacle.
2nd, the soil weight increases：
The soil weight increases the porosity for not only directly affecting soil, aeration, the penetrability of root system and nutrient element
Migration and conversion, the soil weight is bigger, and porosity is smaller, and saturated aqueous rate is also smaller, and aeration is poorer, the migration velocity of nutrient
Slower, the penetration power of root system is also poorer, and soil suction can increase with the increase of unit weight, but also changes soil indirectly
Most of the quantity and activity of middle microorganism, the microorganism in soil is S aerobic microorganism, and the soil weight is excessive
Soil hardening can be caused and the oxygen of abundance can not be provided for microorganism, the quantity of Soil Microorganism can be with the soil weight
Increase and reduce；The soil weight increases, and can also influence the secretion of hormone in root system, cause plant to give birth to so as to influence the growth of root system
Length is obstructed；In addition, the soil weight and the soil texture, compacting situation, soil bulk density, soil organic matter content and various soil
Control measures are relevant.Soil is more loose porous, and unit weight is smaller, and soil gets over consolidation, and unit weight is bigger.Therefore, the soil weight increases, and is
One of important embodiment that soil shape is degenerated.
3rd, the content of organic matter declines：
The soil organism is soil fertility and the important indicator of soil quality, and it is that soil nutrients and soil is barren that the content of organic matter, which is reduced,
Change undisputable fact.The content of organic matter in China arable land is typically relatively low, and paddy field soil is mostly in 1%-3%, and dryland soil has
Machine matter content is low compared with paddy field,<1% accounts for 31.2%；The soil organism is ploughed after cultivating 10 years, its content in the case of only use is not supported
31% is reduced, ploughs after cultivating 50 years and reduces 55%.
Orchard content of organic matter survey data shows that the sample number that the content of organic matter declines reaches 66.7%, and soil is organic
The effect of confrontation soil fertility is divided into directly effect and indirectly-acting.Directly act on：Solubility in the soil organism organises
Many components of compound are (such as：Nitrogenous, phosphorous fragment) can directly it be absorbed and used by plants, and the soil organism contains substantial amounts of plant
Element and trace element necessary to thing growth, in fact, the soil organism is the storehouse of a great number of elements, there is provided surpass in organic matter
95% nitrogen and sulphur and 20%-70% phosphorus is crossed, the decomposition of the wherein chronic component of organic matter is mineralising nitrogen and other nutrients
Important sources, while sufficient nutriment is provided for edaphon, in addition, the growth discharged during decomposition of soil organic matter promotes
Material such as vitamin, amino acid, plant hormone etc., the growth of microorganism and plant can also be stimulated.Indirectly-acting：Soil is organic
Confrontation soil productivity more importantly indirectly-acting, the i.e. influence to soil attribute：Reduce soil density, increase soil water retention
Power, the stability for strengthening soil agreegate.In addition, it plays a decisive role to Cation Exchange Capacity in Soils and field capacity.Have
The high soil of machine matter content contributes to soil warming and promotes the activity of edaphon.Usually, with the soil organism
Increase, cation exchange capacity (CEC), buffer capacity, pH value and adsorption by soil effect and soil microbial biomass are all with increase.Cause
This, it is one of deficient important behaviour of soil fertility that the soil organism, which declines,.
4th, nitrogen application is excessive, and utilization rate is low：
Excessively apply nitrogen has turned into the universal serious problems of intensive system agricultural industry, it has therefore proved that it is to lead that nitrogenous fertilizer, which is excessively applied,
Cause the main reason of Farmland Soil Acidification.
Still the cacodoxy of generally existing " nitrogenous fertilizer more more more high yield " in production at present, since the eighties in last century,
China's nitrogen fertilizer amount rapidly increases, and has turned into the first big country of world's nitrogen fertilizer production and consumption to the mid-90 China, has accounted for
The nitrogenous fertilizer in the whole world 35% is consumed on the arable land in the world 7%.
Statistics is shown：1981 to 2008, grain annual production increased to 5.29 hundred million tons from 3.25 hundred million tons, increases
63%, and nitrogenous fertilizer consumption figure increases to 32,920,000 tons from 11,180,000 tons, increases nearly 2 times.Thus adverse consequences is brought to include：
Nitrogen fertilizer production efficiency constantly declines, and environmental problem is on the rise caused by loss of nitrogen fertilizer.Soil acid caused by excessive applied nitrogen
Change, greenhouse gas emission and the intensive agricultural sustainable development in the serious threat whole world the problems such as groundwater azotate pollution.Just
For China, some northern green house of vegetables because long-term excessive applied nitrogen makes soil pH value be reduced to 4-5 by original 7-8,
Pest and disease damage seriously occurs, and quality of vegetable and yield are remarkably decreased, and the nitrogenous fertilizer nutrient of more than half causes drinking water into underground water
Azotate pollution.The pH value of southern Some Red Soils is had fallen between 3-4, causes a large amount of of the crops such as corn, tobacco, tealeaves
The underproduction is even had no harvest.And excessively harm is very big for nitrogen application, ammonia not only easily occurs and poisons, excessive nitrogenous fertilizer easily causes
Soil liquid excessive concentration, osmotic resistance increase, cause crop root water suction difficult, or even cell " dehydration " phenomenon occurs, also
Soil nutrient imbalance, nutrient imbalance are easily caused, the nitrogen of loss is also easy to polluted underground water.Therefore, Soil Nitrogen is both ensured
Need and do not cause the loss of nitrogen, have become the important scientific problems that the ecological environment field based on soil is faced.
5th, micro- particularly boron deficiency is serious：
Guangdong Province's boron (B) average content is 41.38mg/kg, less than Chinese soil average content 64mg/kg and Chinese soil
Background value 44.6mg/kg, and it is higher than world soil intermediate value 20mg/kg, but content distribution is uneven, the Boron contents of most of samples
All very low, the laterite Boron contents only developed on aleuritic texture sandstone are very high.
Being shown according to soil survey information, 68% is middle-and-low-yielding fields in current farmland, and arable land generally lacks organic matter and nitrogen,
Whole nonirrigated farmlands and 60% paddy field lack phosphorus, 80% boron deficiency in arable land.Boron in soil can simply be divided into full dose boron and effective boron, have
Imitating boron includes the water-soluble boron in the soil liquid and the boron of organic matter absorption, and the existence form of both boron can be converted mutually,
But limited by certain condition, mainly effective boron that plant can absorb and utilize, and effective boron in red soil accounts for full boron and contained
Amount is less than 1%.The factor for influenceing Effective Boron of Soil has a lot, and usually, the water miscible Boron contents of soil of peracid are higher but hold
It is easy to run off；The soil of alkali is crossed, the utilizability of boron can be reduced to handle soil by such as applying large quantities of lime, and excessive calcium ion can make
Boron ion inactivates；Clayey soil, boron is not easy by leaching loss, but boron is readily absorbed by fixing, therefore relatively low using boron；And sandy soil
Earth, generally infiltration is good and rainfall is larger, the boron easily leaching loss of soil application；Under conditions of rainy in south, its powdery
Physical arrangement boron is easy to rain water runoff；And the soil validity boron more than organic matter is more.So trace element particularly boron
The shortage of element, it is one of incomplete important embodiment of soil nutrient.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, it is an object of the invention to provide the red soil conditioning that a kind of Heisui River gadfly sand compounds chelating boron
Agent.The conditioner can improve the content of soil pH value, the content of organic matter, hydrolyzable nitrogen and effective boron, suitable for soil reparation and
Conditioning.
The technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of red soil conditioner, in parts by mass, its host component is：40~60 parts of Heisui River gadfly sand, straw mushroom slag 25~
35 parts, 8~12 parts of coconut palm chaff, 8~12 parts of maize straw, per kg host components in added with the Boratex Han 10.50~16.00g
Composite aminoacid small peptide chelated boric acid solution.
Preferably, a kind of red soil conditioner, in parts by mass, its host component is：Heisui River gadfly sand 45~55
Part, 28~33 parts of straw mushroom slag, 9~11 parts of coconut palm chaff, 9~11 parts of maize straw, often it is added with the boron containing 12~15g in kg host components
The composite aminoacid small peptide chelated boric acid solution of sour sodium.
As more preferably scheme, a kind of red soil conditioner, in parts by mass, its host component is：50 parts of Heisui River gadfly sand,
30 parts of straw mushroom slag, 10 parts of coconut palm chaff, 10 parts of maize straw, the compounded amino of the Boratex containing 13.3g is often added with kg host components
The small-peptide chelated boric acid solution of acid.
Preferably, above-mentioned red soil conditioner is also added with appropriate bio-bacterial manure leavening.
A kind of red soil method of adjustment, it is included in red soil and applies above-mentioned red soil conditioner.
Preferably, a kind of red soil method of adjustment, it is characterised in that：It is additionally included in red soil and applies composite fertilizer.
Preferably, the dosage of red soil conditioner is：400~600kg/ mus.
Preferably, the dosage of red soil conditioner is：500kg/ mus.
Preferably, N, P, K mass ratio are 1 in composite fertilizer：1：1.
Preferably, every mu is that 4.875kg is applied by N, P, K quality.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1) conditioner prepared by the present invention can effectively improve soil pH value, reduce the soil weight, the increase soil organism, water
The content of nitrogen and effective boron is solved, is increased up to 0.77 using soil pH value after conditioner, the soil weight declines than control group
0.28g/cm3, the content of organic matter, hydrolyzable nitrogen and effective boron is 1.21 times, 2.97 times, 2.14 times of control group respectively.
2) the conditioner preparation method is simple and easy, and cost is cheap, and using organic matter as base stock, non-toxic and safe ring
Protect, secondary pollution will not be caused to environment.
3) conditioner is applied to the reparation conditioning of all Degraded Red Soils, and be particularly suitable for use in boron deficiency red soil.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram that conditioner of the present invention influences on soil pH value；
Fig. 2 is the block diagram that conditioner of the present invention influences on the soil weight；
Fig. 3 is the block diagram that conditioner of the present invention influences on soil organic matter content；
Fig. 4 is the block diagram that conditioner of the present invention influences on soil hydrolysis nitrogen content；
Fig. 5 is the block diagram that conditioner of the present invention influences on Effective Boron of Soil content.
Embodiment
A kind of red soil conditioner, in parts by mass, its host component is：40~60 parts of Heisui River gadfly sand, straw mushroom slag 25~
35 parts, 8~12 parts of coconut palm chaff, 8~12 parts of maize straw, per kg host components in added with the Boratex Han 10.50~16.00g
Composite aminoacid small peptide chelated boric acid solution.
Preferably, a kind of red soil conditioner, in parts by mass, its host component is：Heisui River gadfly sand 45~55
Part, 28~33 parts of straw mushroom slag, 9~11 parts of coconut palm chaff, 9~11 parts of maize straw, often it is added with the boron containing 12~15g in kg host components
The composite aminoacid small peptide chelated boric acid solution of sour sodium.
As more preferably scheme, a kind of red soil conditioner, in parts by mass, its host component is：50 parts of Heisui River gadfly sand,
30 parts of straw mushroom slag, 10 parts of coconut palm chaff, 10 parts of maize straw, the compounded amino of the Boratex containing 13.3g is often added with kg host components
The small-peptide chelated boric acid solution of acid.
Preferably, above-mentioned red soil conditioner is also added with appropriate bio-bacterial manure leavening.
Preferably, the worm sand that the Heisui River gadfly sand is given birth to for the black soldier flies of feeding pig manure.
A kind of red soil method of adjustment, it is included in red soil and applies above-mentioned red soil conditioner.
Preferably, a kind of red soil method of adjustment, it is characterised in that：It is additionally included in red soil and applies composite fertilizer.
Preferably, the dosage of red soil conditioner is：400~600kg/ mus.
Preferably, the dosage of red soil conditioner is：500kg/ mus.
Preferably, N, P, K mass ratio are 1 in composite fertilizer：1：1.
Preferably, every mu is that 4.875kg is applied by N, P, K quality.
Heisui River gadfly sand in conditioner is a kind of special organic fertilizer, and its fertilizer efficiency is steady and grows, and can supply the micro- life of soil
The nutrients such as thing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, vitamin and growth hormone, and the living bacteria count containing superelevation, reach 1,500,000,000/g, and excrement is big
Intestinal flora<2/g (beneficially agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd provides in Guangdong Province, organic carbon 595g/kg, pH=7.20).
Coconut palm chaff has very strong ion exchangeable and adsorptivity, and structure is fluffy ventilative, can improve soil knot after turning over soil
Structure, increase soil granular structure, water conservation, ventilative effect can be reached, improve soil pH value, the water of improved soil, vaporous condition are (wide
Zhou Fang villages flowers and plants market is bought, and is measured pH value and is reached 58.2 (cmol (+)/kg) for 5.5, CEC, CEC is cation exchange capacity (CEC)).
Straw mushroom slag, corn stalk powder are also a kind of organic matter, and (Guangzhou town is imperial in the place of straw mushroom slag or microorganism enrichment
Yongming mushroom field provides, organic carbon 620g/kg, pH 7.3；Corn stalk powder：Beneficially agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd carries in Guangdong Province
For).
Effective viable bacteria is rich in bio-bacterial manure leavening, quantity is 51,600,000,000/g (Zhengzhou agriculture Citroen zx bio tech ltd
Production).
Composite aminoacid small peptide chelated B solution, contain abundant boron element and organic nitrogen；
Therefore substantial amounts of microorganism is contained in conditioner, the nutriment of macromolecular is not only resolved into plant by these microorganisms
The small-molecule substance that thing easily absorbs, while the enzymatic activity in the soil moisture, enhancing soil is also improved, on the other hand, have
The high adsorption of machine matter and the high adsorption of coconut palm chaff and exchangeability, the storage capacity and exchange capacity of soil ion are increased, is improved
The ability of fertilizer conservation and fertilizer, secondly, composite aminoacid small peptide chelated B solution and organic matter worm sand, straw mushroom slag, coconut palm chaff, corn stalk
After the mixing of stalk powder, boron exists in the form of organically combining and be adsorbed with organic matter, is not easy by leaching loss, so as to increase Effective Boron of Soil
Content, be advantageous to the needs for meeting plant whole growth period.
Embodiment is enumerated further below to describe the present invention in detail.It will similarly be understood that following examples are served only for this
Invention is further described, it is impossible to is interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, those skilled in the art are according to the present invention
Some nonessential modifications and adaptations that the principle of elaboration is made belong to protection scope of the present invention.Following specific works of example
Skill parameter etc. is also only an example in OK range, i.e. those skilled in the art can do suitable model by this paper explanation
Interior selection is enclosed, and does not really want to be defined in the specific data of hereafter example.
The preparation of black soldier flies hydrolyzate：
1) take 4-6 age Heisui River gadfly drying into 500g powder, be put into Enamel jar, add 1500mL distilled water, capping, in
12h is soaked at room temperature；
2) add after papain hydrolyzes 7h in 50 DEG C of insulating boxs and take out, be sufficiently stirred, 2000r/min low-speed centrifugals
Take supernatant to dispense after 5min, produce black soldier flies hydrolyzate needed for experiment, saved backup in 4 DEG C of refrigerators.
It is prepared by composite aminoacid small peptide chelated boric acid solution：
1) 200mL black soldier flies hydrolyzates are taken in beaker, are 7.0 with 1mol/L NaOH and HCL solution regulation pH,
2) in above-mentioned solution add 13.3g Boratexes, shake up, be put into 50 DEG C of insulating boxs and react 2h, therebetween every
0.5h is shaken up 1 time, and composite aminoacid small peptide chelated boric acid solution is produced after the completion of reaction.
The activation of bio-bacterial manure leavening：
1) add and 5kg water and boiled in 1kg brown sugar, after add 10kg water, obtain brown sugar water；
2) 100g bio-bacterial manure leavening is added in above-mentioned brown sugar water and stirred, 4 days as biologies are placed in sealing
Bacterial manure zymotic fluid；Bio-bacterial manure leavening after activation is diluted with water 10 times, you can for spraying.
Testing program：
This experiment selection Guangzhou Guangdong Huangpu District Kowloon Zhen Yang Tian Cun field experiment (north latitude, 23o19'15 " east longitudes
113o34'56”).Experiment institute land used is divided into 3 groups of processing, 2 mu of (1334m of every group of area2), if 2 repetitions, each repeatedly area
For 1 mu of (667m2)。
Testing 3 groups set is respectively：
1st, CS-T1, using conditioner 500kg/ mus (i.e. 750g/m2), composite fertilizer's 32.5kg/ mus；
2nd, CS-T3, using conditioner 1000kg/ mus (i.e. 1500g/m2), composite fertilizer's 10.83kg/ mus；
3rd, CS-CK (control group), does not apply conditioner, using composite fertilizer's 32.5kg/ mus
Wherein, this experiment conditioner is：50 parts of Heisui River gadfly sand, 30 parts of straw mushroom slag, 10 parts of coconut palm chaff, 10 parts of maize straw,
Bio-bacterial manure leavening is appropriate, composite aminoacid small peptide chelated B solution 200mL/kg.
Composite fertilizer produces for Shenzhen Ba Tian ecological engineerings limited company, and N, P, K content are 15%, total foster point≤
45%, containing nitrate nitrogen, P2O5, potassium sulfate.
By above-mentioned different conditioner dosages, uniformly apply to after smooth experimental field in, after with creeper turn over whole mix thoroughly to about
20cm soil thickness.
This conditioner covers the film of black and the 20th sampling after overlay film, sampling depth 0- after being added as base manure
20cm, the method for sampling is using 5 point sampling methods and is well mixed, measure soil organic matter content, unit weight, pH value, effective boron；Transplanting
44,68 days measure projects afterwards：Soil pH value, the content of organic matter, hydrolysis nitrogen content./ mu of corn transplanted seedling density about 2600, it is beautiful
Routinely (corn seed is golden No. 10 Qingdao gold mother's agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd lifes of hundred sweet teas to field management to the water and fertilizer management of rice
Production).
(1) method of testing：
Soil pH value：Determined using LY/T 1239-1999；
The soil weight：Determined using core cutter method NY/T 1121.4-2006；
Soil organic matter content：Determined using potassium bichromate titrimetric method LY/T 1237-1999；
Effective Boron of Soil content：- ginger-colored colorimetric method NY/T 1121.8-2006 measure is extracted using boiling water.
All results are in terms of the average value in 2 plot.
(2) instrument and reagent：
PH acidometers：Ao Lilong pH acidometers；
Ultraviolet-uisible spectrophotometer：The general analysis TU-1810 in Beijing；
Assay balance：Double outstanding board centesimal balance and the Precisa balances very much in the U.S.；
Remaining agents useful for same derives from Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory, and glass apparatus derives from northern glass.
Soil pH value：
There are some researches show：Soil acidification can increase soil aluminium ion, and murder by poisoning is produced to crop；K in soil can also be caused+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+And NH4+Deng base cation leaching loss, cause soil depletion, fertility reduces；To mineral nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus
Validity and content have a great influence；Meanwhile soil acidification can suppress the activity of edaphon, the decomposition of organic carbon is reduced
Speed, usual soil pH value is higher, and the decomposition rate of soil organic matter is faster.
It is it will be seen from figure 1 that high using control group pH value of the pH value of soil conditioner substantially than not applying.At 20 days
Sampling analysis：CS-T1 and CS-T3 pH value is increased 0.46,0.72,44 days and then increased respectively respectively than control group CS-CK
0.58th, 0.77, and 68 days increase 0.1,0.32 respectively.The amplification of pH value increases with the increase of soil conditioner amount of application
Greatly, over time, there is downward trend using the pH value of conditioner, but be all higher than control group, this explanation applies this
Invention soil conditioner can effectively improve soil pH value.
Contain Heisui River gadfly sand and straw mushroom slag in this soil conditioner, the pH value of both compositions is neutral or weak base
Property, Heisui River gadfly sand be black soldier flies using pig manure as excrement caused by food, organic matter enrich (595mg/kg) and particle it is tiny, table
Area is big, and containing substantial amounts of microorganism and aggregate, aggregate structure is good, and water-stable aggregate content is high, there is stronger resiliency,
And coconut palm chaff also has very strong adsorptivity and ion exchange, so, the acidic materials that this conditioner can be effectively in buffer environment,
So as to improve soil pH value.Along with CS-CK is only to apply composite fertilizer's chemical fertilizer, and composite fertilizer N, P, K are respectively nitrate nitrogen, P2O5、
Potassium sulfate, the ensuing crop that is manured into soil be easy to largely to absorb nitrate nitrogen and in soil remaining sulfate radical so that soil pH value
Decline.
The soil weight：
Come as can be seen from Figure 2, at 20 days, CS-CK unit weight was 1.64g/cm3, CS-T1 unit weight is 1.60g/
cm3, 0.04g/cm is reduced than CS-CK3, and CS-T3 unit weight is 1.36g/cm3, 0.28g/cm is reduced than CS-CK3.Can
To see, the soil weight reduces with the amount of application increase of conditioner, and, through observation shows that CS-T3 and CS-T1 soil is obvious
Looser than control group CS-CK, aeration and crumb structure are also better than CS-CK.
Contain worm sand, straw mushroom slag and coconut palm chaff in this soil conditioner.Worm sand inherently granular texture, aeration is good,
Coconut palm chaff also has fluffy ventilative structure, and straw mushroom slag can make soil have good aeration.Due to the direct shadow of the soil weight
Ring porosity, the aeration of soil：The soil weight is bigger, and porosity is smaller, and aeration is poorer.Therefore, using this conditioner as base
During fertilizer is manured into soil, soil aeration can be effectively increased, so as to improve the unit weight of soil, is more beneficial for the growth of plant.
Soil organic matter content：
The soil organism is soil fertility and the important indicator of soil quality, and effect of the soil organism to soil fertility divides
For directly effect and indirectly-acting.
Directly act on：Soluble organic compounds are nitrogenous in the soil organism and phosphorus fragment can directly absorb profit by plant
With, and the soil organism contains substantial amounts of element and trace element.In fact, the soil organism is the storehouse of a great number of elements, carry
Nitrogen in organic matter more than 95%, sulphur and 20%-70% phosphorus are supplied.The decomposition of the wherein chronic component of organic matter be mineralising nitrogen and
The important sources of other nutrients, and sufficient nutriment is provided for edaphon.In addition, discharged during decomposition of soil organic matter
Growth promoting substance is (such as：Vitamin, amino acid, plant hormone etc.) growth of microorganism and plant can be stimulated.
Indirectly-acting：The soil organism to soil productivity more importantly indirectly-acting, the i.e. influence to soil attribute,
Reduce the soil weight, increase soil water holding capacity, the stability for strengthening soil agreegate.Certainly, the inert component of the soil organism
It is closely related with the colloid property of agron, and the cation exchange capacity (CEC) and field capacity of soil are played a decisive role.
The high soil of the content of organic matter contributes to the soil moisture to rise and improves the activity of microorganism.Usually, with the soil organism
Increase, cation exchange capacity (CEC), buffer capacity, pH value and adsorption by soil effect and are edaphon all with increase
Growth carbon source and the energy are provided, so as to promote the activity of the breeding of microorganism and soil enzyme.
As can be seen from Figure 3, at 20 days, the CS-CK content of organic matter is 31.8g/kg, and the CS-T1 content of organic matter is CS-
1.11 times of CK, and CS-T3 is 1.21 times of CS-CK；At 44 days, the CS-CK content of organic matter is 33.4g/kg, CS-T1,
CS-T3 is the 1.02 of CS-CK, 1.16 times respectively；At 68 days, CS-CK organic matter is 33.0g/kg, and CS-T1, CS-T3 distinguish
It is 1.08,1.10 times of CS-CK, it follows that soil organic matter content increases with the increase of conditioner addition,.
In this soil conditioner using organic matter as base stock prepare, therefore can be provided for soil substantial amounts of organic matter from
And the content of soil with organic matter is improved, promote the growth of plant and improve comprehensive quality.
Soil hydrolyzes nitrogen concentration：
From fig. 4, it can be seen that at 44 days, CS-CK hydrolysis nitrogen content is 114.5mg/kg, and CS-T1 hydrolyzable nitrogens contain
Amount is 2.41 times of CS-CK, and CS-T3 hydrolysis nitrogen contents are 2.97 times of CS-CK.68 days CS-CK hydrolyzable nitrogen is 88.1mg/
Kg, CS-T1, CS-T3 are the 1.22 of CS-CK, 1.31 times respectively, it can be seen that, at 44 days, can be effectively improved using conditioner
The content of soil hydrolyzable nitrogen, the content of hydrolyzable nitrogen increase with the increase of conditioner amount of application.
Total soil nitrogen can only explain the half of soil nitrogen fertility, and its excursion is very narrow, it is difficult to as confession nitrogen index, and
Use NO3 -In N element as a significant drawback of Soil nitrogen supplying index be to be easy to leaching loss, this is infiltrated with different regions soil
Speed and rain fall are in close relations.The ammonium nitrogen of hydrolyzable nitrogen including inorganic states, nitrate nitrogen and a part of labile organic
State nitrogen, such as：Amino acid, amidonitrogen；Ammonium nitrogen is readily volatilized that ammonia is formed into air in addition to it can be absorbed and used by plants
So as to poisonous plant, nitrate nitrogen is in addition to it can be absorbed and used by plants, easily by Leaching, so as to cause the environment of water pollution
Problem.
Research shows：The Leaching loss of nitrogen is in significant direct proportion linear relationship with amount of nitrogen, and amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer is to influence nitrogen
One of most important factor of plain leaching loss.Comparatively, inorganic nitrogen is easily lost in, and utilization rate is not high, and organic nitrogen is relatively stable,
That is the organic nitrogen content in hydrolyzable nitrogen is higher, nitrogen utilization efficiency is also higher.Match somebody with somebody using the soil conditioner based on worm sand
The CS-T1 and CS-T3 of nitrate nitrogen are closed, and is only compared with the CS-CK of nitrate nitrogen, after the former organic nitrogen content is much higher than
Person, in addition, the composite aminoacid small peptide chelated boric acid solution in conditioner is that the protein of black soldier flies is hydrolyzed into small-molecular-weight
Organic nitrogen amino acid, be available for root system of plant directly to absorb, along with the maize straw after worm sand and straw mushroom slag, mineralising,
All contain a certain amount of organic nitrogen, while maize straw after worm sand and straw mushroom slag, mineralising and bio-bacterial manure leavening all carry
Substantial amounts of microorganism, above-mentioned organic nitrogen is in the presence of microorganism, the ammonium of breaks down into amino acids, amidonitrogen or inorganic states quickly
State nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, so as to improve the content of soil hydrolyzable nitrogen, further, since the decomposition work that the organic nitrogen that microorganism participates in decomposes
It is longer to make the duration, so that it is high within considerably long one period and stablize that nitrogen content is hydrolyzed in soil.Therefore, this conditioning
Agent can not only reduce the volatilization toxic action of ammoniacal nitrogen, moreover it is possible to the Leaching of nitrate nitrogen be reduced, so as to improve soil hydrolyzable nitrogen
Content.
Effective Boron of Soil content：
One of nutrient necessary to boron is plant, boron element important physiological function be to sugar transport, metabolism, synthesis with
Transhipment plays an important role；The supply of each organ organic substance of plant can be improved simultaneously, promote Fruit, dry increases；
Boron can also promote root growth, promote the elongation of pollen germination and pollen tube, be advantageous to Pollination Fertilization.
Following symptom occurs in boron deficiency plant：Shoot tip meristem growth is suppressed, is withered when serious until dead；Old leaf blade
Thickening to become fragile, deformity, branch internode is short, suberification phenomenon occurs；Growing for root is obvious impacted, root is short and thick have concurrently it is brown
Color；Reproductive development is obstructed, and setting percentage is low, and fruit is small, and deformity, boron deficiency causes seed and the fruit underproduction, can had no harvest when serious.
And nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer are applied in boron deficiency, boron deficiency symptom can be aggravated on the contrary.
Boron is absorbed in the form of borate, and the boron in plant is most of to be existed in the form of insoluble, soluble
Part is seldom, so boron recycles less to newborn position, it is therefore necessary to externally to plant supply boron during whole fertility.And
Effective Boron of Soil is influenceed by elements such as soil pH, calcium ion, the soil texture, the contents of organic matter.Water-soluble boron in subacidity or
The efficiency highest absorbed in neutral soil, although water miscible Boron contents are higher but easy loss for the soil of peracid；Cross
The soil of alkali, then it can lower the utilizability of boron；Excessive calcium ion can also inactivate boron ion.Rigid soil, boron be not easy by
Leaching loss, but boron is easily absorbed by clay and fixed, therefore it is relatively low using boron；And sand loam soil, generally seep water good and rainfall
It is larger, Soil Boron easily leaching loss.Soil more than organic matter is because the survival time of boron is more long, and validity boron is more, also by environment
Factor has a great influence, as the soil moisture is too low, excess moisture or overdrying do not utilize the plain release of boron.
From fig. 5, it can be seen that at 20 days, the content of the effective boron of CS-CK is 0.16mg/kg, the content of the effective boron of CS-T1
It is 2.14 times of CS-CK, and the content of the effective boron of CS-T3 is 1.80 times of CS-CK, it is seen then that it can be effectively improved using conditioner
The content of Available Boron In Soils, and as the content of the effective boron of increase of conditioner amount of application declines on the contrary.
This conditioner utilizes papain hydrolysis black soldier flies larva, obtains amino acid and small peptide, then chelates boron element, obtains compound
Aminoacid small peptide chelated B solution, so boron element exists in the form of organically combining.When composite aminoacid small peptide chelated B solution
With the organic fertilizer that is enriched with organic matters such as worm sand, straw mushroom slag, corn stalk powders it is well mixed after, boron is to organically combine and organic matter
The form of absorption is present, therefore boron is not easy by leaching loss, is advantageous to the needs for meeting plant whole growth period.So this soil is adjusted
Reason agent is manured into soil as base manure, so as to increase the supply of Soil Boron, improves the content of Effective Boron of Soil, is preferable red soil boron
Lack the conditioner of soil.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of red soil conditioner, in parts by mass, its host component is：40~60 parts of Heisui River gadfly sand, straw mushroom slag 25~35
Part, 8~12 parts of coconut palm chaff, 8~12 parts of maize straw, often it is added with answering for the Boratex Han 10.50~16.00g in kg host components
Close aminoacid small peptide chelated boric acid solution.
A kind of 2. red soil conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In parts by mass, its host component is：It is black
45~55 parts of stratiomyiid worm sand, 28~33 parts of straw mushroom slag, 9~11 parts of coconut palm chaff, 9~11 parts of maize straw, often add in kg host components
Added with the composite aminoacid small peptide chelated boric acid solution of the Boratex containing 12~15g.
A kind of 3. red soil conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In parts by mass, its host component is：It is black
50 parts of stratiomyiid worm sand, 30 parts of straw mushroom slag, 10 parts of coconut palm chaff, 10 parts of maize straw, often it is added with boric acid containing 13.3g in kg host components
The composite aminoacid small peptide chelated boric acid solution of sodium.
A kind of 4. red soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that：Also added with appropriate biology
Bacterial manure leavening.
A kind of 5. red soil method of adjustment, it is characterised in that：It is included in red soil using red described in any one of Claims 1 to 4
Earth conditioner.
A kind of 6. red soil method of adjustment according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is additionally included in red soil using compound
Fertilizer.
A kind of 7. red soil method of adjustment according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The dosage of red soil conditioner is：400~
600kg/ mus.
A kind of 8. red soil method of adjustment according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The dosage of red soil conditioner is：
500kg/ mus.
A kind of 9. red soil method of adjustment according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：N, P, K mass ratio are in composite fertilizer
1：1：1.
A kind of 10. red soil method of adjustment according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：Every mu is by N, P, K quality
4.875kg using.
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Application publication date: 20180323 |