CN103964967A - Rice hull based floatation seedling nursing matrix for flue-cured tobacco and supporting seedling nursing nutrient solution thereof - Google Patents
Rice hull based floatation seedling nursing matrix for flue-cured tobacco and supporting seedling nursing nutrient solution thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103964967A CN103964967A CN201410226364.1A CN201410226364A CN103964967A CN 103964967 A CN103964967 A CN 103964967A CN 201410226364 A CN201410226364 A CN 201410226364A CN 103964967 A CN103964967 A CN 103964967A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rice hull based floatation seedling nursing matrix for flue-cured tobacco and a supporting seedling nursing nutrient solution thereof and relates to the field of flue-cured tobacco seedling nursing technologies of agricultural techniques. The rice hull based floatation seedling nursing matrix for the flue-cured tobacco is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by volume: 45-50 parts of rice hull treated material, 30-35 parts of pearlite, 16-20 parts of vermiculite and 2 parts of fine sand. The seedling nursing nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 300-350 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphate, 360-400 parts of potassium nitrate, 40-80 parts of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 150-200 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5-10 parts of DA-6, 10-20 parts of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 10-20 parts of sodium citrate, 10-25 parts of boric acid, 10-20 parts of chalcanthite and 1,000,000 parts of water. The rice hull based floatation seedling nursing matrix for the flue-cured tobacco and the supporting seedling nursing nutrient solution thereof have the characteristics that the consumption of grass charcoal can be reduced, the seedling nursing cost is reduced, healthy and strong tobacco seedlings can be cultured and the like and are applicable to the floatation seedling nursing of the flue-cured tobacco of all flue-cured tobacco planting areas across the country.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating technology in agricultural technology field, particularly a kind of rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco and supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid thereof.
Background technology
Floating seedlings is a kind of method without earth culture seedling raising, it is the new form that batch production is produced, its largest benefit is to bring out sufficient, even, neat, the strong strong sprout without disease and pest, can early growth and quick tiller, growth neat and consistent, can obviously improve big area production level, and because it is to grow seedlings in clean environment, therefore do not have disease and pest can be brought to land for growing field crops.Therefore, from 2000, national tobacco seedling was progressively promoted floating seedlings, and up to the present, floating seedlings accounts for the more than 70% of whole tobacco seedling, and often educating 2 mu of cigarette seedlings needs 0.07 cubic metre of seedling medium.Existing levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance, is mainly made up of the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite etc., because peat composed of rotten mosses data is Nonrenewable resources, every Year's consumption is large, and cost of development is high, and welding, thereby, occurred in recent years utilizing rice husk to make the patent documentation of floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco.But, these utilize rice husk to make in the patent documentation of floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco, all will after charred rice husk, be used as substrate material, and the volumetric wear after charred rice husk is large, when charing, smog has certain influence to environment, and the organic matter after charing in rice husk is consumed and has slatterned; Meanwhile, charring rice husk does floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco, and particle diameter is little, and particle is easily broken, and water regain is higher, is unfavorable for cigarette seedling late growing stage.
Hunan is paddy rice main producing region, rice husk aboundresources.In rice husk, silicon and crude fiber content are high, are difficult for fragmentation, can keep good ventilation property, but contain the grain of rice and rice bran in undressed rice husk, and in seedling raising process, these grain of rices and rice bran be the mouldy and long seedlings of cereal crops easily, and water-absorbent is poor.
Meanwhile, in floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco process, need supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid, just can cultivate strong sprout.Floating seedlings needs carrying substrates to transplant, and cigarette shoot root system wants flourishing, otherwise matrix is easily scattered.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can reduce peat composed of rotten mosses consumption, reduce seedling cost and can cultivate the levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance of healthy and strong cigarette seedling, and a kind of supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid is with it provided.
For achieving the above object, the technical measures that the present invention takes are a kind of rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of invention, are to be prepared from by the raw material of following parts by volume:
Rice husk is processed material 45-50 perlite 30-35 vermiculite 16-20 fine sand 2;
Its preparation process is as follows:
(1), rice husk pre-treatment:
1., play heap: first reach 60-65% by moistening rice husk water to moisture content, then, add urea according to the ratio of rice husk raw material weight 0.1-0.3%, mix, be piled into the long strip shape heap of high 1.5-2 rice, wide 1.8-2.2 rice, then cover long strip shape heap with plastics film;
2., just seal heap: the long strip shape heap that is coated with plastics film is sealed to heap 25-30 days, during sealing heap, every turning in 10 days once; When turning, keep the skin wet in time, keep moisture content to reach 60-65%; Seal heap finish after, become and seal windrow; (rice husk just seal heap finish standard be: rice husk color browning, shell deliquescing, hand is pinched not broken, in the form of sheets, grain and cavings have decomposed rice husk.)
3., filling: by the peat composed of rotten mosses according to sealing windrow: the volume ratio of the peat composed of rotten mosses=4-6:3 adds to be sealed in windrow, mixes, and keeps the skin wet to water content 40-45%, becomes and seals heap addition material;
4., sterilizing: will seal heap addition material through 70-90 DEG C of sterilizing 5-8 minute, and become high-temperature sterilization material;
5. seal, again heap: high-temperature sterilization material is piled into the long strip shape high-temperature sterilization stockpile of high 1.0-1.5 rice, wide 3-5 rice, and with plastic film covering, then carries out low temperature and seal heap sterilizing 12-24 hour, become rice husk and process material;
, get the raw materials ready: get respectively each raw material by above-mentioned parts by volume, for subsequent use;
(3), just mix: above-mentioned each raw material for subsequent use is mixed, become just batch mixing, for subsequent use;
(4), compound closes: in first batch mixing for subsequent use, add NPK fertilizers, make its nitrogen phosphorus potassium total content reach 240-450mg/kg; Wherein: nitrogen content reaches 80-150mg/kg, phosphorus content reaches 80-150mg/kg, and potassium content reaches 80-150mg/kg; Mix, become rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention.
Meanwhile, also inventing the supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid of a kind of and above-mentioned rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco, is to be prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
In described nitre phosphorus ammonium, nitrogen content is 30%, phosphorus pentoxide content is 6%.
The preparation method of described grow seedling nutritional liquid is: above-mentioned each raw material mixed, stirring and dissolving.
The technical scheme one of its optimization is to be prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
The technical scheme two of its optimization is to be prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
The technical scheme three of its optimization is to be prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
Rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention and supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid thereof form floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco carrier, rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco wherein, rice husk to be added to urea and keep certain humidity to seal heap fermentation, and then make rice husk and process material, then add the peat composed of rotten mosses and carry out low temperature and seal heap fermentation, make rice husk after treatment, shell deliquescing, hand is pinched not broken, and water-absorbent is strong, and contained grain and cavings have decomposed.Therefore, can replace the part peat composed of rotten mosses, thereby reduce peat composed of rotten mosses consumption, reduce seedling cost, alleviate the environmental disruption causing because of the exploitation peat composed of rotten mosses; Meanwhile, because rice husk and the peat composed of rotten mosses after fermentation approach, the grow seedling nutritional liquid supporting with it can provide enough nutrients for cigarette seedling in addition, therefore, can cultivate healthy and strong rice shoot, and the loose group of matrix can reach cigarette transplantation of seedlings time, goes back seedling stage short after transplanting.Nitre phosphorus ammonium, saltpetre and monoammonium phosphate in grow seedling nutritional liquid are macroelement, and four water-calcium nitrate and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate are moderate-elements, and Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, boric acid and cupric sulfate pentahydrate are trace elements, and DA-6 is promoter, and Trisodium Citrate is pH buffer reagent.
Rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention and supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid thereof, once carried out floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco test.
Test the factory of growing seedlings in Yongan town, Changsha, Hunan Liuyang City Yonghe County year March in December, 2013-2014, testing the carrier of growing seedlings used is rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco and the grow seedling nutritional liquid of preparing according to embodiment tri-, is K326 for examination flue-cured tobacco cultivars; The flue-cured tobacco that adopts Yunnan company to produce
Floating seedlings dedicated substrate and grow seedling nutritional liquid are in contrast.Following table is test statistics data sheet.
Can find out from upper table data, there is the advantage of several aspects in test group compared with control group: the one, and seedling-growing time 2 days ahead of time, the 2nd, also 2 days ahead of time little time cross phase, the 3rd, 5 days ahead of time seedling time, the 4th, strong sprout, rate improved seven percentage points.Therefore, rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention and supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid thereof, compared with currently available products, have comparatively significantly advantage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.Explanation is below the mode exemplifying, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment mono-
1, the rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present embodiment, its preparation process is as follows:
(1), rice husk pre-treatment:
1., play heap: first reach 62% by moistening rice husk water to moisture component, then, add urea according to the ratio of rice husk raw material weight 0.2%, mix, be piled into long strip shapes heaps high 1.8 meters, wide 2 meters, then cover long strip shape heap with plastics film;
2., just seal heap: the long strip shape heap that is coated with plastics film is sealed to heap 25-30 days, during sealing heap, every turning in 10 days once; When turning, keep the skin wet in time, keep moisture component to reach 62%; When rice husk color browning, shell deliquescing, hand is pinched not broken, and in the form of sheets, now, grain and cavings have decomposed rice husk, seal heap and finish, and become and seal windrow;
3., filling: by the peat composed of rotten mosses according to sealing windrow: the volume ratio of the peat composed of rotten mosses=5:3 adds to be sealed in windrow, mixes, and keeps the skin wet to water content 42%, becomes and seals heap addition material;
4., sterilizing: will seal heap addition material through 80 DEG C of sterilizings 7 minutes, and become sterilizing material;
5. seal, again heap: sterilizing material is piled into long strip shape sterilizing stockpiles high 1.2 meters, wide 4 meters, and with plastic film covering, then carries out low temperature and seal heap 18 hours, become rice husk and process material;
The object that low temperature is sealed heap is to allow entrained grass-seed in the peat composed of rotten mosses sprout, and in matrix production process thereafter, due to the disappearance of moisture, the grass-seed of sprouting can lose activity, thereby avoids multiplying weeds in the time growing seedlings.
(2), get the raw materials ready: by volume part is got respectively:
Rice husk is processed 45 parts, material, 35 parts of perlites, 18 parts of vermiculites, 2 parts of fine sands, for subsequent use;
(3), just mix: above-mentioned each raw material for subsequent use is mixed, become just batch mixing, for subsequent use;
(4), compound closes: in first batch mixing for subsequent use, add NPK fertilizers, make its nitrogen phosphorus potassium total content reach 450mg/kg; Wherein: nitrogen content reaches 150mg/kg, phosphorus content reaches 150mg/kg, and potassium content reaches 150mg/kg; Mix, become rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention.
2, the grow seedling nutritional liquid of the present embodiment is to be prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
In described nitre phosphorus ammonium, nitrogen content is 30%, phosphorus pentoxide content is 6%, below two embodiment identical therewith.
Its preparation method is: above-mentioned each raw material mixed, stirring and dissolving, below two embodiment identical therewith.
3,, while use, first in nursery pond, put into clean water, depth of water 8-10cm, then the rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present embodiment is placed in to floating seedling culturing dish for tobacco, then, grow seedlings according to ordinary method.
In seedling raising process, when cigarette seedling emerges 70% and when cigarette seedling envelope dish, respectively to Additional nutrient solution in floating tobacco seedling raising pond (that is: twice fertilising).Extra-nutrition has two kinds of modes, and a kind of mode is to displace with fresh grow seedling nutritional liquid the grow seedling nutritional liquid having used in floating tobacco seedling raising pond; Another kind of mode is extra-nutrition composition, that is: according in the every 1000000 grams grow seedling nutritional liquid that used, supplement 30 grams of four water-calcium nitrates, 300 grams of nitre phosphorus ammoniums, 400 grams, saltpetre, 40 grams of magnesium sulfate heptahydrates, 150 grams of monoammonium phosphates, DA-65 gram, 20 grams of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates, 20 grams of Trisodium Citrates, 10 grams of boric acid, 20 grams of cupric sulfate pentahydrates.
Embodiment bis-
1, the rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present embodiment, its preparation process is as follows:
(1), rice husk pre-treatment: identical with embodiment mono-;
(2), get the raw materials ready: by volume part is got respectively:
Rice husk is processed 50 parts, material, 32 parts of perlites, 16 parts of vermiculites, 2 parts of fine sands, for subsequent use;
(3), just mix: above-mentioned each raw material for subsequent use is mixed, become just batch mixing, for subsequent use;
(4), compound closes: in first batch mixing for subsequent use, add NPK fertilizers, make its nitrogen phosphorus potassium total content reach 240mg/kg; Wherein: nitrogen content reaches 80mg/kg, phosphorus content reaches 80mg/kg, and potassium content reaches 80mg/kg; Mix, become rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention.
2, the grow seedling nutritional liquid of the present embodiment is to be prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
3,, while use, first in nursery pond, put into clean water, depth of water 8-10cm, then the rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present embodiment is placed in to floating seedling culturing dish for tobacco, then, grow seedlings according to ordinary method.
In seedling raising process, when cigarette seedling emerges 70% and when cigarette seedling envelope dish, respectively to Additional nutrient solution in floating tobacco seedling raising pond.Extra-nutrition has two kinds of modes, and a kind of mode is to displace with fresh grow seedling nutritional liquid the grow seedling nutritional liquid having used in floating tobacco seedling raising pond; Another kind of mode is extra-nutrition composition, that is: according in the every 1000000 grams grow seedling nutritional liquid that used, supplement 60 grams of four water-calcium nitrates, 350 grams of nitre phosphorus ammoniums, 360 grams, saltpetre, 80 grams of magnesium sulfate heptahydrates, 200 grams of monoammonium phosphates, DA-610 gram, 10 grams of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates, 10 grams of Trisodium Citrates, 25 grams of boric acid, 10 grams of cupric sulfate pentahydrates.
Embodiment tri-
1, the rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present embodiment, its preparation process is as follows:
(1), rice husk pre-treatment: identical with embodiment mono-;
(2), get the raw materials ready: by volume part is got respectively:
Rice husk is processed 48 parts, material, 30 parts of perlites, 20 parts of vermiculites, 2 parts of fine sands, for subsequent use;
(3), just mix: above-mentioned each raw material for subsequent use is mixed, become just batch mixing, for subsequent use;
(4), compound closes: in first batch mixing for subsequent use, add NPK fertilizers, make its nitrogen phosphorus potassium total content reach 360mg/kg; Wherein: nitrogen content reaches 120mg/kg, phosphorus content reaches 120mg/kg, and potassium content reaches 120mg/kg; Mix, become rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention.
2, the grow seedling nutritional liquid of the present embodiment is to be prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
3,, while use, first in nursery pond, put into clean water, depth of water 8-10cm, then the rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present embodiment is placed in to floating seedling culturing dish for tobacco, then, grow seedlings according to ordinary method.
In seedling raising process, when cigarette seedling emerges 70% and when cigarette seedling envelope dish, respectively to Additional nutrient solution in floating tobacco seedling raising pond.Extra-nutrition has two kinds of modes, and a kind of mode is to displace with fresh grow seedling nutritional liquid the grow seedling nutritional liquid having used in floating tobacco seedling raising pond; Another kind of mode is extra-nutrition composition, that is: according in the every 1000000 grams grow seedling nutritional liquid that used, supplement 40 grams of four water-calcium nitrates, 320 grams of nitre phosphorus ammoniums, 380 grams, saltpetre, 60 grams of magnesium sulfate heptahydrates, 180 grams of monoammonium phosphates, DA-68 gram, 15 grams of Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrates, 15 grams of Trisodium Citrates, 15 grams of boric acid, 15 grams of cupric sulfate pentahydrates.
Rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention and supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid thereof, be suitable for the floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco in national each tobacco planting district.
Claims (5)
1. a rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco, it is characterized in that being prepared from by the raw material of following parts by volume:
Rice husk is processed material 45-50 perlite 30-35 vermiculite 16-20 fine sand 2;
Its preparation process is as follows:
(1), rice husk pre-treatment:
1., play heap: first reach 60-65% by moistening rice husk water to moisture content, then, add urea according to the ratio of rice husk raw material weight 0.1-0.3%, mix, be piled into the long strip shape heap of high 1.5-2 rice, wide 1.8-2.2 rice, then cover long strip shape heap with plastics film;
2., just seal heap: the long strip shape heap that is coated with plastics film is sealed to heap 25-30 days, during sealing heap, every turning in 10 days once; When turning, keep the skin wet in time, keep moisture content to reach 60-65%; Seal heap finish after, become and seal windrow;
3., filling: by the peat composed of rotten mosses according to sealing windrow: the volume ratio of the peat composed of rotten mosses=4-6:3 adds to be sealed in windrow, mixes, and keeps the skin wet to water content 40-45%, becomes and seals heap addition material;
4., sterilizing: will seal heap addition material through 70-90 DEG C of sterilizing 5-8 minute, and become sterilizing material;
5. seal, again heap: sterilizing material is piled into the long strip shape sterilizing stockpile of high 1.0-1.5 rice, wide 3-5 rice, and with plastic film covering, then carries out low temperature and seal heap 12-24 hour, become rice husk and process material;
, get the raw materials ready: get respectively each raw material by above-mentioned parts by volume, for subsequent use;
(3), just mix: above-mentioned each raw material for subsequent use is mixed, become just batch mixing, for subsequent use;
(4), compound closes: in first batch mixing for subsequent use, add NPK fertilizers, make its nitrogen phosphorus potassium total content reach 240-450mg/kg; Wherein: nitrogen content reaches 80-150mg/kg, phosphorus content reaches 80-150mg/kg, and potassium content reaches 80-150mg/kg; Mix, become rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco of the present invention.
2. with the supporting grow seedling nutritional liquid of rice husk base floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco described in claim 1, it is characterized in that being prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
In described nitre phosphorus ammonium, nitrogen content is 30%, phosphorus pentoxide content is 6%.
3. grow seedling nutritional liquid according to claim 2, it is characterized in that being prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
4. grow seedling nutritional liquid according to claim 2, it is characterized in that being prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
5. grow seedling nutritional liquid according to claim 2, it is characterized in that being prepared from by the raw material of following weight part:
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| CN104211544A (en) * | 2014-09-14 | 2014-12-17 | 湖南省湘晖农业技术开发有限公司 | Acidity-adjusting nutritional agent for dry rice seedling raising bed soil |
| CN104957013A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-10-07 | 遵义联谷农业科技有限公司 | Tobacco seedling substrate based on organic solid waste |
| CN109220681A (en) * | 2018-11-17 | 2019-01-18 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | A kind of tobacco method for potted and its application |
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| CN109220681A (en) * | 2018-11-17 | 2019-01-18 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | A kind of tobacco method for potted and its application |
| CN109220681B (en) * | 2018-11-17 | 2021-07-13 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Tobacco potting method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103964967B (en) | 2015-08-26 |
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