CN105009927B - Prevent and treat the cuttage breeding method of Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage - Google Patents
Prevent and treat the cuttage breeding method of Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cuttage breeding method for preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage, and slow-releasing granules are laid in slotting machine, and slow-releasing granules include central core and the coating layer on surface, and the preparation method of central core is：The ginger of 1 mass parts is mashed, the water for adding 1 mass parts is squeezed the juice, isolated first juice and the first ginger slag, the water that 1 mass parts are added into the first ginger slag is squeezed the juice, isolated second juice and the second ginger slag, merge the first juice and the second juice obtains ginger juice, then 2 parts are uniformly divided into, after the Chinese medicine cloves of 2 mass parts is crushed, infiltration is in wherein a ginger juice, after being evaporated, infiltration is in other a ginger juice, with slow fire fried dry, then rhubarb ethanol-extract is added, decoct, concentration, granulation obtains central core after adding starch, traditional Chinese medicine effective ingredient persistently plays the effect for killing fungi by slow releasing function, and then reduce the incidence of disease of samping off, the insect pest incidence of disease can be reduced with reference to the use of insect expelling device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, it is more particularly related to a kind of Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage of preventing and treating
Cuttage breeding method.
Background technology
Rose wood, also known as dalbergia odorifera, the height of tree is up to 20 meters, and for tree-walk up to 0.8 meter, it is that international standard 5 belongs to 8 classes 34
One of kind redwood, its is widely used, and especially timber value is at a relatively high.Rosewood heartwood bronzing or purplish red brown, then become long
For kermesinus, often contain dark brown striped, it is glossy, have fragrance, the grain of wood interlocks, natural shaped, and decorative pattern is attractive in appearance.Huanghua Pear
Distribution many places in the world, such as China Hainan province and some countries of Southeast Asia, Africa, South Americas etc., wherein, Hainan
Huanghua Pear is universally acknowledged material and the best Huanghua Pear of texture, and first class of protection plant is classified as by Chinese Government.
At present, flower pears nursery generally use seed seedling-raising and cuttage and seedling culture, because the current flower pears destruction Of resources are serious, big tree
Difficulty is looked for, and seed collecting elite stand is even more in great shortage, does not carry out fine-variety breeding, and the flower pears nursery stock cultivated breaks up big, of poor quality, nursery stock kind
Good and bad differentiation is serious after plant, phenomena such as spike top, branching is more, height is uneven particularly occurs, and this is to developing the planting industry of flower pears extremely
It is unfavorable, therefore select to carry out cuttage and seedling culture, the characteristics of can keeping maternal instinct merit heredity using vegetative propagation, kind to flower pears
The nursery stock of plant can keep the merit of maternal plant.
But during cuttage, Hainan Huanghua Pear seedling can often meet with the disease problem such as samping off, cause the cause of disease of samping off
Mainly silk pyrenomycetes and a variety of sickle-like bacteria, shown as when serious after samping off comes up soon, not yet lignifying when, morbidity
The seedling place near the ground water stain shape that changes colour rots contracting of hanging, and seedling lodges and dead, and the type disease is the aggrieved most serious of seedling on seedbed
One type, the serious threat interests of planting household, therefore, reduce the diseases such as samping off in Hainan Huanghua Pear seedling cutting propagation
The incidence of disease be urgent need to resolve in the plantation of current Hainan Huanghua Pear technical problem.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the above problems and defect, and provide the advantages of will be described later.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide it is a kind of prevent and treat Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage cuttage breeding method, by
Laying passes through using ginger, Chinese medicine cloves and rheum officinale as the slow-releasing granules of primary functional components during cuttage in slotting machine
Slow releasing function persistently plays the effect for killing fungi, and then reduces Hainan Huanghua Pear seedling samping off, the incidence of disease of leaf spot, due to
Slow-releasing granules are laid in slotting machine, wherein ginger and rheum officinale with special odor are also with certain anthelmintic action.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of insect expelling device, during Hainan Huanghua Pear seedling cuttage manages, in skewer
Insert and solar energy insect expelling device is set in garden, black light lamp therein can trap leaf roller well, and pass through the height around black light lamp
Voltage electric grid kills insect, improves the survival rate of Hainan Huanghua Pear seedling.
In order to realize according to object of the present invention and further advantage, there is provided one kind preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage
Cuttage breeding method, including：
S1, slotting machine prepare：Lay three layers of matrix on slotting machine in cuttage garden successively from bottom to up, orlop matrix is will
Peat, river sand and perlite are the mixture obtained after 2: 2: 1 mixing according to mass ratio, and intermediate layer matrix is slow-releasing granules, most
Overlayer matrix is the mixture that rice husk powder is 1: 1 according to mass ratio with peanut shell powder；
The slow-releasing granules include central core and are coated on the coating layer of center layer surface, the preparation method of the central core
For：After the ginger of 1 mass parts is mashed, the water for adding 1 mass parts is squeezed the juice, isolated first juice and the first ginger after standing
Slag, the water that 1 mass parts are added into the first ginger slag are squeezed the juice, isolated second juice and the second ginger slag after standing, merge first
Juice and the second juice obtain ginger juice, are then uniformly divided into 2 parts, after the Chinese medicine cloves of 2 mass parts is crushed, infiltration wherein one
In part ginger juice, after being evaporated at 40~50 DEG C, infiltrate in other a ginger juice, with slow fire fried dry, then add rheum officinale alcohol extracting
Liquid, decocts 40~50min at 70~75 DEG C, concentration, adds after starch to be granulated and obtains the central core；
S2, fringe bar collection：Disease-free annual Hainan rose wood is selected, before Hainan rose wood germinates, 2 months
The branch that the early morning interception in the last ten-days period grows straight is as fringe bar；
S3, fringe bar processing：The fringe bar is cut into 16~19cm cuttings, the cuttings from the direction at close interception end
On remain with 2~3 buds, shearing end is more than 1cm with the distance at a distance of nearest bud；
The first section, the offside in first section, away from described are chamfer at 9~12mm of interception end away from the cuttings
The second section is chamfer at 5~8mm of interception end of cuttings, the cuttings after beveling is soaked in the Bravo decoction of 600~800 times of liquid
After 6~8min of bubble sterilization, then 3~5h of interception end of the indolebutyric acid taking root liquid immersion cuttings with 50~80mg/L, the interception
The submergence at end is 2~3cm；
S4, cuttage：After cuttings interception end after processing is inserted in the hole on slotting machine down, water 1 time, described hole
Between line space it is identical with column pitch, be 7~9cm, the depth of described hole reaches the orlop matrix of slotting machine；
Managed after S5, cuttage：Watering 1 time daily in cuttage garden, applied composite fertilizer 1 time when 8~12 day dusk, often
Watered 1 time after secondary fertilising, unnecessary sprout tillers, side shoot and lateral bud are extractd after cuttage rooting, is refined after cuttings grows into 50~55cm
Seedling, transplanting.
Preferably, the coating layer of the slow-releasing granules is the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol-starch copolymer and gypsum, described
The mass ratio of coating layer and the central core is 3: 7.
Preferably, during being managed after S5 cuttages, at least one horizontal shelf is provided with the cuttage garden, the level is put
Plate is arranged on from the ground at 25~35cm, and insect expelling device is placed with the horizontal shelf；
Main body of the insect expelling device including birdcage, the support bar above the main body and the solar-electricity supported
Pond plate, the solar panel are rotatably connected to the support bar；
The main body includes：
Base, it is hypocrateriform, and the export mouth that can be opened/close, the export are provided with the base center
Sealing ring is provided between mouth and the base；
Black light lamp, it is vertically arranged at the center of base, and the light of insect pest is driven in diverging；
Multiple conducting rods, it is vertically set around the black light lamp, the conducting rod and the solar cell
Plate electrically connects；And
Located at the black light lamp and the conducting rod top and the upper lid that is oppositely arranged with the base.
Preferably, during being managed after S5 cuttages, mid-May to late August, at least one drive is placed in the cuttage garden
Worm device, every time 1~2h.
Preferably, sunshade net is provided with the cuttage garden；During being managed after S5 cuttages, before cuttage rooting, in cuttage garden
Use the sunshade net shading that shading rate is 85%；Use the sunshade net shading that shading rate is 60% after cuttage rooting instead.
Preferably, during being managed after S5 cuttages, the hardening should continue 30 days, and the sunshade net is removed during hardening,
Stop fertilising, water 1 time within every 3~5 days.
Preferably, during being managed after S5 cuttages, it is 83%~88% to control in the cuttage garden humidity, temperature is 23~
27℃。
Preferably, the composite fertilizer is to add after urea, ammonium phosphate and plant ash are well mixed according to mass ratio 5: 3: 1
The liquid fertilizer that 700~800 times of water obtains.
Preferably, the rhubarb ethanol-extract is：The volume fraction that 10 mass parts are added in the rheum officinale of 2 mass parts is
75% alcohol, decocted at 60~65 DEG C 2~3 times, decoct 20~30min every time, filtered, obtained after merging filtrate.
The present invention comprises at least following beneficial effect：
1st, slow-releasing granules of the laying using ginger, Chinese medicine cloves and rheum officinale as primary functional components in slotting machine, wherein
Ginger is squeezed the juice by several times, can more fully squeeze the active principles such as ginger essential oil therein, leaching ginger juice can make Chinese medicine cloves by several times
Ginger juice more fully acts on cloves, makes the component of killing fungi be easier to decoct afterwards out to play a role, Hainan Huanghua Pear
The components such as the ginger essential oil in ginger in seedling growth course, the rheum emodin in rheum officinale, caryophyllus oil in Chinese medicine cloves pass through sustained release
Effect lasts play the effect for killing fungi, and then reduce the incidence of disease of samping off, simultaneously because slow-releasing granules are laid on slotting machine
In, wherein ginger and rheum officinale with special odor are for haunting near root, can damage Hainan Huanghua Pear seedling root growth
The insect pest such as cricket there is certain anthelmintic action.
2nd, the first section, the offside in the first section, away from cuttings are chamfer before cuttage at 9~12mm of interception end away from cuttings
5~8mm of interception end at chamfer the second section, caused by section cuttings interception end both sides bast not reciprocity wound, can pierce
Sharp cuttings is faster taken root, and section causes cuttings to be easier to make indolebutyric acid taking root liquid etc. after intercepting the bast partial denudation at end
Site of action is reached, shortens the time needed for immersion indolebutyric acid taking root liquid.
3rd, the insect expelling device set in cuttage garden, being converted into electric energy by solar energy makes conducting rod group around black light lamp
Into high-voltage fence, black light lamp therein can trap the insect pests such as leaf roller and then eliminate insect, while the base design of insect expelling device
For hypocrateriform, export mouth to be opened/closed is provided with base, a small amount of water can be loaded wherein when using insect expelling device, work as evil
Worm is destroyed fall into base after, open export mouth and remove insect therein, in the high-incidence season of mid-May to late August insect pest
Using the insect expelling device of such a convenient cleaning, the insect pest in the Huanghua Pear cutting propagation of Hainan can be eliminated well, improves Hainan
The survival rate of Huanghua Pear seedling.
Further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention embodies part by following explanation, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of insect expelling device of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, to make those skilled in the art's reference
Specification word can be implemented according to this.
Embodiment 1
S1, slotting machine prepare：Lay three layers of matrix on slotting machine in cuttage garden successively from bottom to up, orlop matrix is will
Peat, river sand and perlite are the mixture obtained after 2: 2: 1 mixing according to mass ratio, and intermediate layer matrix is slow-releasing granules, most
Overlayer matrix is the mixture that rice husk powder is 1: 1 according to mass ratio with peanut shell powder.
The slow-releasing granules include central core and are coated on the coating layer of center layer surface, the preparation method of the central core
For：After the ginger of 1 mass parts is mashed, the water for adding 1 mass parts is squeezed the juice, isolated first juice and the first ginger after standing
Slag, the water that 1 mass parts are added into the first ginger slag are squeezed the juice, isolated second juice and the second ginger slag after standing, merge first
Juice and the second juice obtain ginger juice, are then uniformly divided into 2 parts, after the Chinese medicine cloves of 2 mass parts is crushed, infiltration wherein one
In portion ginger juice, after being evaporated at 40 DEG C, infiltrate in other a ginger juice, with slow fire fried dry, then add rhubarb ethanol-extract, 70
40min is decocted at DEG C, is concentrated, is granulated after addition starch and obtains the central core.
The rhubarb ethanol-extract is：The volume fraction that 10 mass parts are added in the rheum officinale of 2 mass parts is 75% alcohol,
Decocted 2 times at 60 DEG C, decoct 20min every time, filtered, obtained after merging filtrate.
The coating layer of the slow-releasing granules is the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol-starch copolymer and gypsum, the coating layer with
The mass ratio of the central core is 3: 7.
S2, fringe bar collection：Disease-free annual Hainan rose wood is selected, before Hainan rose wood germinates, 2 months
The branch that the early morning interception in the last ten-days period grows straight is as fringe bar.
S3, fringe bar processing：The fringe bar is protected from the cuttings that 16cm is cut into close to the direction at interception end, the cuttings
2 buds are left, shearing end is more than 1cm with the distance at a distance of nearest bud.
The first section, the offside in first section, away from the cuttings are chamfer at the interception end 9mm away from the cuttings
Interception end 5mm at chamfer the second section, by the cuttings after beveling in the Bravo decoction of 600 times of liquid soaking disinfection 6min
Afterwards, then with 50mg/L indolebutyric acid taking root liquid the interception end 3h of cuttings is soaked, the submergence at the interception end is 2cm.
S4, cuttage：After cuttings interception end after processing is inserted in the hole on slotting machine down, water 1 time, described hole
Between line space it is identical with column pitch, be 7cm, the depth of described hole reaches the orlop matrix of slotting machine.
Managed after S5, cuttage：It is provided with sunshade net in the cuttage garden, before cuttage rooting, is using shading rate in cuttage garden
85% sunshade net shading, use the sunshade net shading that shading rate is 60% after cuttage rooting instead.Control humidity in the cuttage garden
For 83%, temperature is 23 DEG C.
Watering 1 time daily in cuttage garden, applied composite fertilizer 1 time when 8 day dusk, waters 1 time, inserts after fertilising every time
Fringe extracts unnecessary sprout tillers, side shoot and lateral bud after taking root, the hardening after cuttings grows into 50cm, transplanting.
The composite fertilizer is after urea, ammonium phosphate and plant ash are well mixed according to mass ratio 5: 3: 1 plus 700 times of water obtain
The liquid fertilizer arrived.The hardening should continue 30 days, and the sunshade net is removed during hardening, stop fertilising, water 1 time within every 3 days.
A horizontal shelf is provided with the cuttage garden, the horizontal shelf is arranged on from the ground at 25cm, the level
Insect expelling device is placed with shelf.Mid-May to late August, an insect expelling device, each 1h are placed in the cuttage garden.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of way of realization according to the present invention, there is provided a kind of structural representation of insect expelling device, it is described
Main body 1 of the insect expelling device including birdcage, the support bar 2 above the main body and the solar panel 3 supported, it is described
Solar panel 3 is rotatably connected to the support bar 2.
The main body includes：
Base 110, it is hypocrateriform, and the export mouth 150 that can be opened/close is provided with the center of base 110,
Sealing ring is provided between the export mouth 150 and the base 110；
Black light lamp 130, it is vertically arranged at the center of base 110, and the light of insect pest is driven in diverging；
Multiple conducting rods 120, it is vertically set around the black light lamp 130, the conducting rod 120 with it is described too
Positive energy cell panel 3 electrically connects；And
Located at the black light lamp 130 and the top of the conducting rod 120 and the upper lid 140 that is oppositely arranged with the base 110.
During using insect expelling device, the export mouth 150 being arranged on base is closed, a small amount of water is poured into base 110, so
Switch is opened afterwards, and the solar energy that solar panel 3 is collected starts to be converted into electric energy, light black light lamp 130, while surrounding is led
Electric pole 120 forms insect pest, the insect such as high-voltage fence, shinny black light lamp 130 trapping leaf roller and contacts that high-voltage fence enters after entering
And insect is eliminated, the insect to die is fallen into the base 110 of hypocrateriform, closing switch after a period of time, opens export mouth 150,
Water in base 110 and insect are removed.
Embodiment 2
S1, slotting machine prepare：Lay three layers of matrix on slotting machine in cuttage garden successively from bottom to up, orlop matrix is will
Peat, river sand and perlite are the mixture obtained after 2: 2: 1 mixing according to mass ratio, and intermediate layer matrix is slow-releasing granules, most
Overlayer matrix is the mixture that rice husk powder is 1: 1 according to mass ratio with peanut shell powder.
The slow-releasing granules include central core and are coated on the coating layer of center layer surface, the preparation method of the central core
For：After the ginger of 1 mass parts is mashed, the water for adding 1 mass parts is squeezed the juice, isolated first juice and the first ginger after standing
Slag, the water that 1 mass parts are added into the first ginger slag are squeezed the juice, isolated second juice and the second ginger slag after standing, merge first
Juice and the second juice obtain ginger juice, are then uniformly divided into 2 parts, after the Chinese medicine cloves of 2 mass parts is crushed, infiltration wherein one
In portion ginger juice, after being evaporated at 50 DEG C, infiltrate in other a ginger juice, with slow fire fried dry, then add rhubarb ethanol-extract, 75
50min is decocted at DEG C, is concentrated, is granulated after addition starch and obtains the central core.
The rhubarb ethanol-extract is：The volume fraction that 10 mass parts are added in the rheum officinale of 2 mass parts is 75% alcohol,
Decocted 2~3 times at 65 DEG C, decoct 30min every time, filtered, obtained after merging filtrate.
The coating layer of the slow-releasing granules is the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol-starch copolymer and gypsum, the coating layer with
The mass ratio of the central core is 3: 7.
S2, fringe bar collection：Disease-free annual Hainan rose wood is selected, before Hainan rose wood germinates, 2 months
The branch that the early morning interception in the last ten-days period grows straight is as fringe bar.
S3, fringe bar processing：The fringe bar is protected from the cuttings that 19cm is cut into close to the direction at interception end, the cuttings
3 buds are left, shearing end is more than 1cm with the distance at a distance of nearest bud.
The first section is chamfer at the interception end 12mm away from the cuttings, the offside in first section, is inserted away from described
The second section is chamfer at the interception end 8mm of fringe, the cuttings after beveling is soaked in the Bravo decoction of 600~800 times of liquid and disappeared
After malicious 8min, then the interception end 5h of the indolebutyric acid taking root liquid immersion cuttings with 80mg/L, the submergence at the interception end are
3cm。
S4, cuttage：After cuttings interception end after processing is inserted in the hole on slotting machine down, water 1 time, described hole
Between line space it is identical with column pitch, be 9cm, the depth of described hole reaches the orlop matrix of slotting machine.
Managed after S5, cuttage：It is provided with sunshade net in the cuttage garden, before cuttage rooting, is using shading rate in cuttage garden
85% sunshade net shading, use the sunshade net shading that shading rate is 60% after cuttage rooting instead.Control humidity in the cuttage garden
For 88%, temperature is 27 DEG C.
Watering 1 time daily in cuttage garden, applied composite fertilizer 1 time when 12 day dusk, was watered 1 time after fertilising every time,
Unnecessary sprout tillers, side shoot and lateral bud are extractd after cuttage rooting, the hardening after cuttings grows into 55cm, transplanting.
The composite fertilizer is after urea, ammonium phosphate and plant ash are well mixed according to mass ratio 5: 3: 1 plus 800 times of water obtain
The liquid fertilizer arrived.The hardening should continue 30 days, and the sunshade net is removed during hardening, stop fertilising, water 1 time within every 5 days.
Four horizontal shelfs are provided with the cuttage garden, the horizontal shelf is arranged on from the ground at 35cm, the level
Insect expelling device is placed with shelf.Mid-May to late August, four insect expelling devices, each 2h are placed in the cuttage garden.
Main body of the insect expelling device including birdcage, the support bar above the main body and the solar-electricity supported
Pond plate, the solar panel are rotatably connected to the support bar.
The main body includes：
Base, it is hypocrateriform, and the export mouth that can be opened/close, the export are provided with the base center
Sealing ring is provided between mouth and the base；
Black light lamp, it is vertically arranged at the center of base, and the light of insect pest is driven in diverging；
Multiple conducting rods, it is vertically set around the black light lamp, the conducting rod and the solar cell
Plate electrically connects；And
Located at the black light lamp and the conducting rod top and the upper lid that is oppositely arranged with the base.
During using insect expelling device, the export mouth being arranged on base is closed, a small amount of water is poured into base, is then opened
Switch, the solar energy that solar panel is collected start to be converted into electric energy, light black light lamp, while the conducting rod of surrounding forms height
The insect pest such as voltage electric grid, shinny black light lamp trapping leaf roller, insect contacts high-voltage fence and then eliminates insect after entering, die
Insect is fallen into the base of hypocrateriform, closing switch after a period of time, opens export mouth, and the water in base and insect are removed.
Embodiment 3
S1, slotting machine prepare：Lay three layers of matrix on slotting machine in cuttage garden successively from bottom to up, orlop matrix is will
Peat, river sand and perlite are the mixture obtained after 2: 2: 1 mixing according to mass ratio, and intermediate layer matrix is slow-releasing granules, most
Overlayer matrix is the mixture that rice husk powder is 1: 1 according to mass ratio with peanut shell powder.
The slow-releasing granules include central core and are coated on the coating layer of center layer surface, the preparation method of the central core
For：After the ginger of 1 mass parts is mashed, the water for adding 1 mass parts is squeezed the juice, isolated first juice and the first ginger after standing
Slag, the water that 1 mass parts are added into the first ginger slag are squeezed the juice, isolated second juice and the second ginger slag after standing, merge first
Juice and the second juice obtain ginger juice, are then uniformly divided into 2 parts, after the Chinese medicine cloves of 2 mass parts is crushed, infiltration wherein one
In portion ginger juice, after being evaporated at 45 DEG C, infiltrate in other a ginger juice, with slow fire fried dry, then add rhubarb ethanol-extract, 72
45min is decocted at DEG C, is concentrated, is granulated after addition starch and obtains the central core.
The rhubarb ethanol-extract is：The volume fraction that 10 mass parts are added in the rheum officinale of 2 mass parts is 75% alcohol,
Decocted 2 times at 62 DEG C, decoct 25min every time, filtered, obtained after merging filtrate.
The coating layer of the slow-releasing granules is the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol-starch copolymer and gypsum, the coating layer with
The mass ratio of the central core is 3: 7.
S2, fringe bar collection：Disease-free annual Hainan rose wood is selected, before Hainan rose wood germinates, 2 months
The branch that the early morning interception in the last ten-days period grows straight is as fringe bar.
S3, fringe bar processing：The fringe bar is protected from the cuttings that 18cm is cut into close to the direction at interception end, the cuttings
3 buds are left, shearing end is more than 1cm with the distance at a distance of nearest bud.
The first section is chamfer at the interception end 10mm away from the cuttings, the offside in first section, is inserted away from described
At the interception end 7mm of fringe chamfer the second section, by the cuttings after beveling in the Bravo decoction of 700 times of liquid soaking disinfection 7min
Afterwards, then with 60mg/L indolebutyric acid taking root liquid the interception end 4h of cuttings is soaked, the submergence at the interception end is 2cm.
S4, cuttage：After cuttings interception end after processing is inserted in the hole on slotting machine down, water 1 time, described hole
Between line space it is identical with column pitch, be 8cm, the depth of described hole reaches the orlop matrix of slotting machine.
Managed after S5, cuttage：It is provided with sunshade net in the cuttage garden, before cuttage rooting, is using shading rate in cuttage garden
85% sunshade net shading, use the sunshade net shading that shading rate is 60% after cuttage rooting instead.Control humidity in the cuttage garden
For 85%, temperature is 25 DEG C.
Watering 1 time daily in cuttage garden, applied composite fertilizer 1 time when 10 day dusk, was watered 1 time after fertilising every time,
Unnecessary sprout tillers, side shoot and lateral bud are extractd after cuttage rooting, the hardening after cuttings grows into 52cm, transplanting.
The composite fertilizer is after urea, ammonium phosphate and plant ash are well mixed according to mass ratio 5: 3: 1 plus 700 times of water obtain
The liquid fertilizer arrived.The hardening should continue 30 days, and the sunshade net is removed during hardening, stop fertilising, water 1 time within every 4 days.
Two horizontal shelfs are provided with the cuttage garden, the horizontal shelf is arranged on from the ground at 30cm, the level
Insect expelling device is placed with shelf.Mid-May to late August, two insect expelling devices, each 1.5h are placed in the cuttage garden.
Main body of the insect expelling device including birdcage, the support bar above the main body and the solar-electricity supported
Pond plate, the solar panel are rotatably connected to the support bar.
The main body includes：
Base, it is hypocrateriform, and the export mouth that can be opened/close, the export are provided with the base center
Sealing ring is provided between mouth and the base；
Black light lamp, it is vertically arranged at the center of base, and the light of insect pest is driven in diverging；
Multiple conducting rods, it is vertically set around the black light lamp, the conducting rod and the solar cell
Plate electrically connects；And
Located at the black light lamp and the conducting rod top and the upper lid that is oppositely arranged with the base.
During using insect expelling device, the export mouth being arranged on base is closed, a small amount of water is poured into base, is then opened
Switch, the solar energy that solar panel is collected start to be converted into electric energy, light black light lamp, while the conducting rod of surrounding forms height
The insect pest such as voltage electric grid, shinny black light lamp trapping leaf roller, insect contacts high-voltage fence and then eliminates insect after entering, die
Insect is fallen into the base of hypocrateriform, closing switch after a period of time, opens export mouth, and the water in base and insect are removed.
In order to illustrate the effect of the present invention, inventor selects 2 cuttage gardens, and 400 plants of cuttings of random selection are planted in respectively
Experiment material is used as in two cuttage gardens, one of cuttage garden uses preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear disease of embodiments of the invention 3
The cuttage breeding method of insect pest, another cuttage garden use common cuttage breeding method, do not lay slow-releasing granules and do not set expelling parasite
Device, remaining is identical with the cuttage breeding method of Hainan Huanghua Pear in embodiment 3, and measure related data is as follows：
Hainan Huanghua Pear growing state measure of table 1
From table 1 it follows that using the cuttage breeding method for preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage of the invention and commonly
The cuttage breeding method of Hainan Huanghua Pear compares, the cuttage breeding method of preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage of the invention, in skewer
Insert in the slotting machine in garden and laid the incidence of disease that slow-releasing granules significantly reduce Hainan Huanghua Pear samping off, there is provided insect expelling device,
Having worm strain rate is significantly lower than common cuttage breeding method, and Hainan Huanghua Pear survival rate of the method plantation of the present invention is higher than common
Cottage method.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted in specification and embodiment listed
With it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, can be easily for those skilled in the art
Other modification is realized, therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, it is of the invention and unlimited
In specific details and shown here as the embodiment with description.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. cuttage breeding method for preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage, it is characterised in that including：S1, slotting machine prepare：Lay three layers of matrix on slotting machine in cuttage garden successively from bottom to up, orlop matrix is by mud Charcoal, river sand and perlite are the mixture obtained after 2: 2: 1 mixing according to mass ratio, and intermediate layer matrix is slow-releasing granules, most upper Layer matrix is the mixture that rice husk powder is 1: 1 according to mass ratio with peanut shell powder；The slow-releasing granules include central core and are coated on the coating layer of center layer surface, and the preparation method of the central core is： After the ginger of 1 mass parts is mashed, the water for adding 1 mass parts is squeezed the juice, isolated first juice and the first ginger slag after standing, to The water that 1 mass parts are added in first ginger slag is squeezed the juice, isolated second juice and the second ginger slag after standing, merge the first juice and Second juice obtains ginger juice, is then uniformly divided into 2 parts, after the Chinese medicine cloves of 2 mass parts is crushed, infiltrates a ginger juice wherein In, after being evaporated at 40~50 DEG C, infiltrate in other a ginger juice, with slow fire fried dry, then add rhubarb ethanol-extract, 70~ 40~50min is decocted at 75 DEG C, is concentrated, is granulated after addition starch and obtains the central core；S2, fringe bar collection：Disease-free annual Hainan rose wood is selected, before Hainan rose wood germinates, late Febuary The branch that grows straight of early morning interception as fringe bar；S3, fringe bar processing：The fringe bar is protected from the cuttings that 16~19cm is cut into close to the direction at interception end, the cuttings 2~3 buds are left, shearing end is more than 1cm with the distance at a distance of nearest bud；The first section, the offside in first section, away from the cuttings are chamfer at 9~12mm of interception end away from the cuttings 5~8mm of interception end at chamfer the second section, the cuttings after beveling is soaked in the Bravo decoction of 600~800 times of liquid and disappeared After 6~8min of poison, then 3~5h of interception end of the indolebutyric acid taking root liquid immersion cuttings with 50~80mg/L, the interception end Submergence is 2~3cm；S4, cuttage：After cuttings interception end after processing is inserted in the hole on slotting machine down, water 1 time, between described hole Line space it is identical with column pitch, be 7~9cm, the depth of described hole reaches the orlop matrix of slotting machine；Managed after S5, cuttage：Watering 1 time daily in cuttage garden, applied composite fertilizer 1 time when 8~12 day dusk, applied every time Watered 1 time after fertilizer, unnecessary sprout tillers, side shoot and lateral bud are extractd after cuttage rooting, the hardening after cuttings grows into 50~55cm, moved Plant.
- 2. the cuttage breeding method of preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the sustained release The coating layer of particle is the quality of the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol-starch copolymer and gypsum, the coating layer and the central core Than for 3: 7.
- 3. the cuttage breeding method of preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that after S5 cuttages During management, at least one horizontal shelf is provided with the cuttage garden, the horizontal shelf is arranged on from the ground at 25~35cm, Insect expelling device is placed with the horizontal shelf；Main body of the insect expelling device including birdcage, the support bar above the main body and the solar cell supported Plate, the solar panel are rotatably connected to the support bar；The main body includes：Base, it is hypocrateriform, is provided with the export mouth that can be opened/close at the base center, the export mouth with Sealing ring is provided between the base；Black light lamp, it is vertically arranged at the center of base, and the light of insect pest is driven in diverging；Multiple conducting rods, it is vertically set around the black light lamp, the conducting rod and solar panel electricity Connection；AndLocated at the black light lamp and the conducting rod top and the upper lid that is oppositely arranged with the base.
- 4. the cuttage breeding method of preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that after S5 cuttages During management, mid-May to late August, at least one insect expelling device is placed in the cuttage garden, every time 1~2h.
- 5. the cuttage breeding method of preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the cuttage Sunshade net is provided with garden；During being managed after S5 cuttages, before cuttage rooting, hidden in cuttage garden using the sunshade net that shading rate is 85% Light；Use the sunshade net shading that shading rate is 60% after cuttage rooting instead.
- 6. the cuttage breeding method of preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that after S5 cuttages During management, the hardening should continue 30 days, and the sunshade net is removed during hardening, stop fertilising, water 1 time within every 3~5 days.
- 7. the cuttage breeding method of preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that after S5 cuttages During management, it is 83%~88% to control humidity in the cuttage garden, and temperature is 23~27 DEG C.
- 8. the cuttage breeding method of preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described compound Fertilizer adds the liquid fertilizer that 700~800 times of water obtains after being well mixed for urea, ammonium phosphate and plant ash according to mass ratio 5: 3: 1.
- 9. the cuttage breeding method of preventing and treating Hainan Huanghua Pear pest and disease damage as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the rheum officinale Alcohol extract is：The volume fraction that 10 mass parts are added in the rheum officinale of 2 mass parts is 75% alcohol, and 2 are decocted at 60~65 DEG C ~3 times, 20~30min is decocted every time, is filtered, and is obtained after merging filtrate.
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| CN105325252A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-17 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Cuttage propagation method for Dalbergia hupeana Hance |
| CN107912390B (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2023-05-30 | 晋江奇美礼品宠物工业有限公司 | Cricket perching tube |
| CN109197522A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-15 | 海南大学 | A kind of seedling medium and application promoting dalbergia odorifera growth of seedling and root system development |
| CN109937725A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-06-28 | 浙江省亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of method of dalbergia odorifera softwood cutting propagation |
| CN114303842B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-02-17 | 毕节市中药研究所 | Method for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests in konjak planting |
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Granted publication date: 20171124 Termination date: 20210826 |