CN103560135A - 一种x射线传感器的阵列基板及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种x射线传感器的阵列基板及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN103560135A
CN103560135A CN201310566270.4A CN201310566270A CN103560135A CN 103560135 A CN103560135 A CN 103560135A CN 201310566270 A CN201310566270 A CN 201310566270A CN 103560135 A CN103560135 A CN 103560135A
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杨东
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及传感器技术领域,尤其涉及一种X射线传感器的阵列基板及其制造方法,以解决现有技术制造X射线传感器阵列基板时,需要经过多次掩膜工艺,制作工艺较为复杂,并且掩膜工艺次数多,制造成本高,产品的良品率低的问题。本发明实施例提供了一种X射线传感器的阵列基板的制造方法,该方法形成薄膜晶体管器件和光电二极管传感器器件的步骤中,通过同一次掩膜工艺形成了栅极图形和欧姆层,省去了现有技术中沟道阻挡层的掩膜工艺形成过程,钝化层替代了沟道阻挡层的作用,防止在后续工艺对沟道的影响;改变了栅极图形和欧姆层的位置,减少了掩膜工艺的次数,简化了整列基板的制造工艺,提高了产能,由于工艺的简化,产品的良品率也相应提高。

Description

一种X射线传感器的阵列基板及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及传感器技术领域,尤其涉及一种X射线传感器的阵列基板及其制造方法。
背景技术
随着社会的发展和科学技术的不断进步,X射线传感器不仅在医学影像领域中扮演了十分重要的角色,在金属探伤等其他领域中也得到了广泛的应用。
如图1和图2所示,现有X射线传感器的阵列基板在每个像素区通常包括:光电二极管传感器件200和薄膜晶体管器件300。其中,光电二极管传感器件的主要作用是接收光,并通过光伏效应把光信号转换成电信号,而薄膜晶体管器件的主要作用是作为控制开关和传递光伏效应产生的电信号。
现有X射线传感器的工作原理为:当X射线101轰击在荧光粉102上时,透过荧光粉102产生的可见光线入射到阵列基板的光电二极管传感器件200上,由于光伏效应,将光信号转换为电信号,电信号通过薄膜晶体管器件300的开关控制输入到X射线传感器的控制电路。
如图3所示,现有技术采用9次掩模完成整个X射线传感器阵列基板的制备,其主要工艺步骤为:
步骤301,在衬底基板10上通过第一次掩模工艺形成栅极11;
步骤302,在完成步骤301的基板上沉积栅极绝缘层12,并通过第二次掩模工艺在阵列基板上形成有源层13;
步骤303,在完成步骤302的基板上通过第三次掩模工艺形成沟道阻挡层14;
步骤304,在完成步骤303的基板上沉积欧姆层29,并通过第四次掩模工艺形成源极15、漏极16和反光层17;
步骤305,在完成步骤304的基板上通过第五次掩模工艺形成N型半导体18、I型半导体19、P型半导体20和透明电极21(即PIN型光电二极管传感器件的一部分);
步骤306,在完成步骤305的基板上沉积第一钝化层22,并通过第六次掩模工艺形成第一钝化层22上的第一过孔23和第二过孔25;
步骤307,在完成步骤306的基板上通过第七次掩模工艺形成光罩27、偏压电极24、和信号线26图形;
步骤308,在完成步骤307的基板上沉积第二钝化层28,并通过第八次掩模工艺形成信号引导区的钝化层过孔(图中未示出);
步骤309,在完成步骤308的基板上通过第九次掩模工艺形成信号引导区的透明电极(图中未示出)。
现有技术制造X射线传感器阵列基板时,需要经一次掩模工艺在有源层的上方形成一沟道阻挡层,并且制造X射线传感器阵列基板需要进过9次掩膜工艺,制作工艺较为复杂,并且掩膜工艺次数越多,制造成本就越高,产品的良品率也就相应降低。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种X射线传感器的阵列基板及其制造方法,以解决现有技术制造X射线传感器阵列基板时,需要经过多次掩膜工艺,制作工艺较为复杂,产品的良品率较低的技术问题。
本发明实施例提供了一种X射线传感器的阵列基板的制造方法,该方法包括形成薄膜晶体管器件和光电二极管传感器器件的步骤,形成薄膜晶体管器件的步骤包括:
在衬底基板上通过掩膜工艺形成栅极图形;
在形成栅极图形的基板上沉积栅极绝缘层;
形成光电二极管传感器器件的步骤包括:
在形成栅极图形的同时通过同一次掩膜工艺形成欧姆层图形;
在形成欧姆层图形的基板上通过掩膜工艺形成半导体层和透明电极图形;
沉积的栅极绝缘层同时覆盖在形成半导体层和透明电极图形的基板上。
上述实施例中通过一次掩膜工艺形成薄膜晶体管器件的栅极图形和光电二极管传感器器件的欧姆层,避免了多次使用掩膜工艺形成栅极图形和欧姆层,减少掩膜工艺的次数,降低了成本。
进一步地,本发明实施例中该方法形成薄膜晶体管器件的步骤还包括:
在形成栅极绝缘层的基板上通过掩膜工艺形成有源层图形;
在形成有源层图形的基板上沉积第一钝化层,并通过掩膜工艺在第一钝化层上形成第一过孔;
在形成第一过孔的基板上通过掩膜工艺形成数据线和源极线图形,使所述数据线和源极线图形通过第一过孔与有源层连接。
形成光电二极管传感器器件的步骤还包括:
在形成第一钝化层的第一过孔的同时,通过同一次掩膜工艺在形成半导体层和透明电极图形的基板的栅极绝缘层上形成第二过孔和第三过孔;
在形成数据线和源极线图形的同时通过同一次掩膜工艺在形成第二过孔和第三过孔的基板上形成偏压线图形,所述偏压线通过所述第二过孔与半导体层和透明电极连接,通过所述第三过孔与欧姆层连接。
上述实施例中在形成有源层图形的基板上直接沉积第一钝化层,在第一钝化层上形成第一过孔,使数据线和源极线图形通过第一过孔与有源层连接,省略了通过一次掩膜工艺形成沟道阻挡层的步骤,不使用掩膜工艺形成沟道阻挡层,钝化层替代了沟道阻挡层的作用,防止在后续工艺对沟道的影响。
本发明实施例一种X射线传感器的阵列基板的制造方法中还包括在形成偏压线图形,数据线和源极线图形的整个基板上沉积第二钝化层,通过掩膜工艺形成第二钝化层对应的过孔。
本发明实施例还提供了一种采用上述任一方法制作的X射线传感器的阵列基板,包括薄膜晶体管器件和与薄膜晶体管器件相连的光电二极管传感器器件,薄膜晶体管器件包括:
衬底基板上的栅极;栅极之上的栅极绝缘层;
光电二极管传感器器件包括:
衬底基板上的欧姆层;欧姆层上的半导体层和透明电极;半导体层和透明电极上的栅极绝缘层。
上述实施例中栅极绝缘层覆盖在栅极和欧姆层上,避免了栅极和欧姆层需要需要分别覆盖绝缘层的问题,降低了阵列基板结构的复杂性。
进一步地,本发明实施例中薄膜晶体管器件还包括:
栅极绝缘层上的有源层;有源层上的第一钝化层,所述第一钝化层上开设有第一过孔;第一钝化层上的数据线和源极线,所述数据线和源极线通过第一过孔与有源层连接。
光电二极管传感器器件还包括:
在栅极绝缘层上开设有第二过孔和第三过孔;栅极绝缘层上的偏压线,所述偏压线通过所述第二过孔与半导体层和透明电极连接,通过所述第三过孔与欧姆层连接。
由于薄膜晶体管器件中数据线和源极线通过第一钝化层上的过孔直接与有源层连接,光电二极管传感器器件中半导体层和透明电极通过栅极绝缘层上的过孔直接与欧姆接触层连接,简化了阵列基板的结构,提高了产能。
本发明实施例还进一步包括整个基板上的第二钝化层,以及位于第二钝化层上的过孔。
本发明实施例还提供了一种X射线传感器,该传感器包含本发明实施例中任一一种X射线传感器的阵列基板。
本发明实施例提供了一种X射线传感器的阵列基板的制造方法,该方法形成薄膜晶体管器件和光电二极管传感器器件的步骤中,通过同一次掩膜工艺形成了栅极图形和欧姆层,通过一次掩膜工艺在欧姆层上形成了半导体层和透明电极图形,在形成半导体层和透明电极图形,以及栅极图形的基板上沉积栅极绝缘层,省去了现有技术中沟道阻挡层的掩膜工艺形成过程,不使用掩膜工艺形成沟道阻挡层,钝化层替代了沟道阻挡层的作用,防止在后续工艺对沟道的影响;并且现有技术中形成栅极图形和欧姆层分别需要一次掩膜工艺,本发明实施例中,改变了栅极图形和欧姆层的位置,省略了一次掩膜工艺,简化了整列基板的制造工艺,提高了产能,由于工艺的简化,产品的良品率也相应提高。
附图说明
图1为背景技术中X射线传感器的的阵列基板在一个像素区的结构示意图;
图2为背景技术中X射线传感器的工作原理示意图;
图3为背景技术中X射线传感器的阵列基板的制备工艺的流程示意图;
图4为本发明实施例中一种X射线传感器的阵列基板的像素平面示意图;
图5为本发明实施例中一种X射线传感器的阵列基板的像素平面的AA'部分的像素截面图的示意图;
图6为本发明实施例中一种X射线传感器的阵列基板的像素平面的BB'部分的像素截面图的示意图;
图7为本发明实施例中X射线传感器的的阵列基板形成薄膜晶体管器件的流程示意图;
图8为本发明实施例中X射线传感器的的阵列基板形成光电二极管传感器器件的流程示意图;
图9为本发明实施例中X射线传感器的阵列基板的制造方法的流程示意图;
图10为本发明实施例中X射线传感器的阵列基板中形成栅极后的基板的示意图;
图11为本发明实施例中X射线传感器的阵列基板中形成欧姆接触层后的基板的示意图;
图12为本发明实施例中X射线传感器的阵列基板中形成半导体层和透明电极后的基板的示意图;
图13为本发明实施例中X射线传感器的阵列基板中在栅极上沉积栅极绝缘层后的基板的示意图;
图14为本发明实施例中X射线传感器的阵列基板中在半导体层和透明电极上沉积栅极绝缘层后的基板的示意图;
图15为本发明实施例中X射线传感器的阵列基板中形成有源层后的基板的示意图;
图16为本发明实施例中X射线传感器的阵列基板中沉积第一钝化层后的基板的示意图;
图17为本发明实施例中X射线传感器的阵列基板中形成第一过孔后的基板的示意图;
图18为本发明实施例中X射线传感器的阵列基板中形成第二过孔和第三过孔后的基板的示意图;
图19为本发明实施例中X射线传感器的阵列基板中形成源极线和数据线后的基板的示意图;
图20为本发明实施例中X射线传感器的阵列基板中形成偏压线后的基板的示意图;
图21为本发明实施例中X射线传感器的阵列基板中像素结构的截面示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例形成薄膜晶体管器件和光电二极管传感器器件的步骤中,通过同一次掩膜工艺形成了栅极图形和欧姆层,通过一次掩膜工艺在欧姆层上形成了半导体层和透明电极图形,在形成半导体层和透明电极图形,以及栅极图形的基板上沉积栅极绝缘层,省去了现有技术中沟道阻挡层的掩膜工艺形成过程,并且本发明实施例中栅极图形和欧姆层只需一次掩膜工艺形成,简化了整列基板的制造工艺,提高了产能,由于工艺的简化,产品的良品率也相应提高。
下面结合说明书附图进一步说明。
如图4所示为本发明实施例中一种X射线传感器的阵列基板的像素平面示意图,其中401为栅极线,402为数据线,403为偏压线,404为光电二极管结构,405为过孔,406为源极线,407为有源层,408为欧姆接触层,图5所示为图4中AA'部分的像素截面图,也就是薄膜晶体管器件部分示意图,薄膜晶体管器件包括:衬底基板50上的栅极51,栅极51上的栅极绝缘层52。
薄膜晶体管器件还包括:栅极绝缘层52上的有源层53;有源层53上的第一钝化层54,第一钝化层54上开设有第一过孔55;第一钝化层54上的数据线57和源极线56,数据线57和源极线56通过第一过孔55与有源层53连接。
其中栅极绝缘层52为图4中AA'部分的像素截面图,覆盖在栅极51和未被栅极覆盖的衬底基板50上;形成于栅极绝缘层52上的有源层53,有源层53的位置与栅极51的位置在空间上是重叠的;形成于有源层53上的第一钝化层54,其中第一钝化层54覆盖在有源层53和未被有源层53覆盖的栅极绝缘层52上;第一钝化层54上开设有第一过孔55,形成于第一过孔55上的源极线56和数据线57通过第一过孔55与有源层53连接。
其中衬底基板50可以为玻璃基板、塑料基板或其他种类的基板。有源层53的材料的主要成分可为a-Si。第一钝化层可以采用无机绝缘膜,如氮化硅等,或有机绝缘膜,如树脂材料等。
如图6所示为图4中BB'部分的像素截面图,也就是光电二极管传感器器件部分示意图,光电二极管传感器器件包括:
衬底基板50上的欧姆层61;欧姆层61上的半导体层62和透明电极63;半导体层62和透明电极63上的栅极绝缘层52。
光电二极管传感器器件还包括:栅极绝缘层52上开设有第二过孔64和第三过孔65;栅极绝缘层52上的偏压线66,偏压线66通过第二过孔64与半导体层62和透明电极63连接,通过第三过孔65与欧姆层61连接。
其中透明电极63在半导体层62上;栅极绝缘层52覆盖在透明电极63和未被透明电极覆盖的欧姆层61,以及未被欧姆层61覆盖的衬底基板50上;栅极绝缘层52上开设有第二过孔64和第三过孔65,形成于第二过孔和第三过孔上的偏压线66通过第二过孔和第三过孔分别与透明电极63和欧姆层61连接。
其中半导体层62可包括三层,依次为形成于欧姆层上的N型非晶硅层,形成于N型非晶硅层上的本征非晶硅层,形成于本征非晶硅层上的P型非晶硅层,即PIN型光电二极管;也可以采用MIS型光电二极管。
本发明实施例中的X射线传感器的阵列基板中,由于直接在偏压线,源极线和数据线上覆盖钝化层,钝化层可有效遮挡光线,使得沟道漏电流大大减少,避免了再使用一次掩膜工艺形成沟道阻挡层,并且本发明实施例中通过同一次掩膜工艺形成了欧姆接触层和栅极,简化了生产工艺,进一步降低了生产成本。
本发明实施例还提供了一种X射线传感器的阵列基板的制造方法,该方法包括形成薄膜晶体管器件和光电二极管传感器器件的步骤,如图7所示为形成薄膜晶体管器件的步骤,包括:
步骤701:在衬底基板上通过掩膜工艺形成栅极图形;
步骤702:在形成栅极图形的基板上沉积栅极绝缘层。
如图8所示为形成光电二极管传感器器件的步骤,包括:
步骤801:在形成栅极图形的同时通过同一次掩膜工艺形成欧姆层图形;
步骤802:在形成欧姆层图形的基板上通过掩膜工艺形成半导体层和透明电极图形;
步骤803:沉积的栅极绝缘层同时覆盖在形成半导体层和透明电极图形的基板上。
通过上述实施例可以看出,通过一次掩膜工艺形成薄膜晶体管器件的栅极图形和光电二极管传感器器件的欧姆层,避免了多次使用掩膜工艺形成栅极图形和欧姆层,减少掩膜工艺的次数,降低了成本。
较佳地,形成薄膜晶体管器件的步骤还包括:在形成栅极绝缘层的基板上通过掩膜工艺形成有源层图形;在形成有源层图形的基板上沉积第一钝化层,并通过掩膜工艺在第一钝化层上形成第一过孔;在形成第一过孔的基板上通过掩膜工艺形成数据线和源极线图形,使数据线和源极线通过第一过孔与有源层连接。
形成光电二极管传感器器件的步骤还包括:在形成第一钝化层的第一过孔的同时,通过同一次掩膜工艺在形成半导体层和透明电极图形的基板的栅极绝缘层上形成第二过孔和第三过孔;在形成数据线和源极线图形的同时通过同一次掩膜工艺在形成第二过孔和第三过孔的基板上形成偏压线图形,偏压线通过第二过孔与半导体层和透明电极连接,通过第三过孔与欧姆层连接。
上述实施例中在形成有源层图形的基板上直接沉积第一钝化层,在第一钝化层上形成第一过孔,使数据线和源极线图形通过第一过孔与有源层连接,省略了通过一次掩膜工艺形成沟道阻挡层的步骤,不使用掩膜工艺形成沟道阻挡层,钝化层替代了沟道阻挡层的作用,防止在后续工艺对沟道的影响。
较佳地,形成薄膜晶体管器件的数据线和源极线图形,以及形成光电二极管传感器器件偏压线图形后,在整个基板上沉积第二钝化层,通过掩膜工艺形成第二钝化层对应的过孔。
如图9所示,为本发明实施例中X射线传感器的阵列基板的制造方法,本发明实施例中共采用六次掩膜工艺,其具体步骤如下:
步骤901:通过第一次掩膜工艺在衬底基板1000上形成栅极1001和欧姆接触层1002;如图10所示为形成栅极1001后的基板,图11所示为形成欧姆接触层1002后的基板;
步骤902:通过第二次掩膜工艺在衬底基板1000的欧姆接触层1002上形成半导体层1003和透明电极1004;如图12所示为形成半导体层1003和透明电极1004后的基板;
步骤903:在形成栅极1001、半导体层1003和透明电极1004后的基板上沉积栅极绝缘层1005;如图13所示为在栅极上沉积栅极绝缘层1005后的基板,图14所示为在半导体层1003和透明电极1004上沉积栅极绝缘层1005后的基板;
步骤904:通过第三次掩膜工艺在形成栅极绝缘层后的基板上形成有源层1006,有源层1006与栅极1001在空间上重叠;如图15所示为形成有源层1006后的基板;
步骤905:在形成有源层1006后的基板上沉积第一钝化层1007;如图16所示为沉积第一钝化层后的基板;
步骤906:通过第四次掩膜工艺对有源层1006上的第一钝化层1007和透明电极1004上的栅极绝缘层1005进行图形化处理,其中,在第一钝化层1007与有源层对应的位置处形成第一过孔1008,在栅极绝缘层1005与透明电极1004对应的位置处形成第二过孔1009,在栅极绝缘层1005与欧姆接触层1002对应的位置处形成第三过孔1010;如图17所示为形成第一过孔后的基板,图18所示为形成第二过孔和第三过孔后的基板;
步骤907:通过第五次掩膜工艺在形成第一过孔1008的基板上形成源极线1011和数据线1012,在形成第二过孔的1009和第三过孔1010的基板上形成偏压线1013,其中源极线1011和数据线1012通过第一过孔1008与有源层1006连接,偏压线1013通过第二过孔1009与透明电极1004连接,通过第三过孔1010与欧姆接触层1002连接;如图19所示为形成源极线1011和数据线1012后的基板,图20所示为形成偏压线后的基板;
步骤908:在形成偏压线、源极线和数据线后的基板上沉积第二钝化层1013,在第二钝化层1013上通过第六次掩膜工艺形成第二钝化层1013对应的过孔。
如图21所示,为本发明实施例中像素结构的截面示意图,其中2101为衬底基板,2102为欧姆层,2103为半导体层,2104为透明电极,2105为栅极绝缘层,2106为第一钝化层,2107为偏压线,2108为栅极,2109为有源层,2110为数据线,2111为源极线,2112为第二钝化层。
较佳地,本发明实施例中每一次掩膜工艺可以包括基板清洗,光刻胶涂覆,曝光、显影、刻蚀、光刻胶剥离等工艺;本发明实施例中衬底基板可以为玻璃基板、塑料基板或其他种类的基板。有源层的材料的主要成分为a-Si。第一钝化层可以采用无机绝缘膜,如氮化硅等,或有机绝缘膜,如树脂材料等。
本发明实施例中形成栅极和欧姆层时,采用化学气相沉积的方法进行沉积,较佳地,沉积金属层时采用物理气象沉积方法,沉积非金属层时采用化学气相沉积方法。对于钝化层和栅极绝缘层采用干法刻蚀的方法形成所需图形。
从本发明实施例X射线传感器的阵列基板的制造方法中可以看出,本发明实施中在一次掩膜工艺中形成栅极和欧姆接触层,有效减少了掩膜工艺的次数,并且直接在偏压线,源极线和数据线上覆盖钝化层,钝化层可有效遮挡光线,使得沟道漏电流大大减少,避免了再使用一次掩膜工艺形成沟道阻挡层。
本发明实施例还提供了一种本发明实施例还提供了一种X射线传感器,该传感器包含本发明实施例中任一一种X射线传感器的阵列基板。
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (9)

1.一种X射线传感器的阵列基板的制造方法,其特征在于,该方法包括形成薄膜晶体管器件和光电二极管传感器器件的步骤,形成薄膜晶体管器件的步骤包括:
在衬底基板上通过掩膜工艺形成栅极图形;
在形成栅极图形的基板上沉积栅极绝缘层;
形成光电二极管传感器器件的步骤包括:
在形成栅极图形的同时通过同一次掩膜工艺形成欧姆层图形;
在形成欧姆层图形的基板上通过掩膜工艺形成半导体层和透明电极图形;
沉积的栅极绝缘层同时覆盖在形成半导体层和透明电极图形的基板上。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,该方法中形成薄膜晶体管器件的步骤还包括:
在形成栅极绝缘层的基板上通过掩膜工艺形成有源层图形;
在形成有源层图形的基板上沉积第一钝化层,并通过掩膜工艺在第一钝化层上形成第一过孔;
在形成第一过孔的基板上通过掩膜工艺形成数据线和源极线图形,使所述数据线和源极线图形通过第一过孔与有源层连接。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,该方法中形成光电二极管传感器器件的步骤还包括:
在形成第一钝化层的第一过孔的同时,通过同一次掩膜工艺在形成半导体层和透明电极图形的基板的栅极绝缘层上形成第二过孔和第三过孔;
在形成数据线和源极线图形的同时通过同一次掩膜工艺在形成第二过孔和第三过孔的基板上形成偏压线图形,所述偏压线通过所述第二过孔与半导体层和透明电极连接,通过所述第三过孔与欧姆层连接。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,该方法还包括:
在形成偏压线图形,数据线和源极线图形的整个基板上沉积第二钝化层,通过掩膜工艺形成第二钝化层对应的过孔。
5.一种采用权利要求1-4所述方法制作的X射线传感器的阵列基板,其特征在于,包括薄膜晶体管器件和与薄膜晶体管器件相连的光电二极管传感器器件,所述薄膜晶体管器件包括:
衬底基板上的栅极;
栅极之上的栅极绝缘层;
所述光电二极管传感器器件包括:
衬底基板上的欧姆层;
欧姆层上的半导体层和透明电极;
半导体层和透明电极上的栅极绝缘层。
6.如权利要求5所述的阵列基板,其特征在于,所述薄膜晶体管器件还包括:
栅极绝缘层上的有源层;
有源层上的第一钝化层,所述第一钝化层上开设有第一过孔;
第一钝化层上的数据线和源极线,所述数据线和源极线通过第一过孔与有源层连接。
7.如权利要求5所述的阵列基板,其特征在于,所述光电二极管传感器器件还包括:
栅极绝缘层上开设有第二过孔和第三过孔;
栅极绝缘层上的偏压线,所述偏压线通过所述第二过孔与半导体层和透明电极连接,通过所述第三过孔与欧姆层连接。
8.如权利要求5所述的阵列基板,其特征在于,所述阵列基板还包括:
整个基板上的第二钝化层,以及位于第二钝化层上的过孔。
9.一种X射线传感器的传感器,其特征在于,该传感器含有权利要求5~8任一所述的X射线传感器的传感器的阵列基板。
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