CN103548555A - Perennial picking and planting method of toona sinensises in greenhouse - Google Patents
Perennial picking and planting method of toona sinensises in greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN103548555A CN103548555A CN201310605282.3A CN201310605282A CN103548555A CN 103548555 A CN103548555 A CN 103548555A CN 201310605282 A CN201310605282 A CN 201310605282A CN 103548555 A CN103548555 A CN 103548555A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Abstract
The invention provides a planting method of toona sinensises, and belongs to the technical field of plant planting. The planting method of the toona sinensises comprises the following steps: (1) soil, which is 30-40 cm in thickness and is mixed with organic fertilizers, is accumulated in a shed frame in a greenhouse shed, 500 to 800 kg of organic fertilizers are mixed in each cubic metre of soil, the soil is leveled, and compartments are made; (2) Chinese toon sprout branches with soil are cut back, and the whole toon sprout branch is soaked with gibberellin liquid medicine; (3) ditching is carried out on compartment surfaces on the basis that the line spacing is 15-25 cm, the ditch depth is 10-15 cm, and the toon sprout branches subjected to the treatment by the step (2) are horizontally placed in the ditches; (4) the temperature in the greenhouse shed is controlled to be 22-32 DEG C, the land surface temperature is 15-20 DEG C, the cultivating is performed for 45-55 days, and a mulching film is removed. The planting method of the toona sinensises has the advantages that the seedling yielding rate is high, the yield is high, the quality is high, the picking frequency is high, the toona sinensises are green and pollution-free, and can be produced in four seasons, and the production period is short.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of crop-planting method, particularly a kind of implantation methods of Chinese toon dish.
Background technology
Chinese toon has another name called spring tree bud, toon, Ailanthus altissima, belongs to Meliaceae plant.Chinese toon is containing protein, fat, carbohydrate, carotin, vitamin, raw fiber, and calcium, phosphorus, iron, also containing the volatile aromatic organic matter such as toonin, there is the effects such as clearing heat and detoxicating, puckery intestines, hemostasis, invigorating the spleen are regulated the flow of vital energy, desinsection, be the outstanding person of vegetables.First of the protein content population vegetables of Chinese toon, the capsicum that contained vitamin C can be the highest with content matches in excellence or beauty.The last strain Chinese toon in past room, spring is long constantly, and the method for traditional cultivation Chinese toon is generally: after autumn Chinese toon fallen leaves, by Chinese toon bough cutting back, insert in ditch; Second Year, the spring is transplanted in nursery in good time, waters in good time, during field management, notes the control of insect pest.
The Chinese toon dish growth cycle that conventional method is cultivated is long, and Yu Chunmo plucks, seasonal strong, supplies the bright time short, can not annual supply meet market demand; Naturally changing of weather, temperature and illumination uncontrollable, the condition of choosing is not suitable for etc., makes in the management of Chinese toon growth in extensive style, cause Chinese toon to produce seedling rate and survival rate low, output is few, of poor quality.Meanwhile, in traditional Chinese toon cultivation process, repeatedly use in a large number the chemicals such as paclobutrazol, ethrel and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, affected quality and the taste of Chinese toon.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome existing above-mentioned deficiency in prior art, a kind of implantation methods of Chinese toon dish is provided, the method Chinese toon product seedling rate is high, and output is high, and quality is good, pluck often, and green non-pollution, and can the four seasons produce Chinese toon, with short production cycle.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
An implantation methods for Chinese toon dish, comprises whole ground, training, plantation, booth management, the step of gathering, and is specially:
(1), wholely: under the frame in greenhouse booth, pile up the earth that is mixed with fertilizer of 30-40 cm thick, be mixed with 500-800kg fertilizer in every cubic metre of earth, smooth earth, does railway carriage or compartment;
(2), training: autumn and winter season, by the Chinese toon bud branch cutting back with soil property, Chinese toon bud branch length after cutting back is 40-50cm, use 0.5-1.5%(mass percent, if without specified otherwise, the percentage of the application's gibberellin liquor strength refers to mass percent) gibberellin liquid immersion training Chinese toon bud branch 2-5 minute, the breaking dormancy phase;
(3), plantation: railway carriage or compartment face is pressed the line-spacing trench digging of 15-25 centimetre, and ditch depth 10-15 centimetre, keeps flat the Chinese toon bough of handling well through step (2) to above-mentioned ditch, waters vola water, earthing overlay film;
(4), booth management: controlling greenhouse temperature of shed is 22-32 ℃, and surface temperature is 15-20 ℃, cultivates 45-55 days, throws off mulch film;
(5), gather: bud grows to 20-25 centimetre and cuts bud with scissors, retains base portion 1-2 sheet leaf, after gathering, waters in time, keeps soil gentle, after gathering for the first time, imposes urea 10-15kg/ mu, to urge young shoot growth.
In Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, in step (1), fertilizer is the fertilizer fully corroding, and after earth evenly mixes with fertilizer, in greenhouse booth, laying depth is 30 centimetres.
In Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, the Chinese toon bud branch length in step (2) after cutting back is preferably 45 centimetres.
In Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, step (2) gibberellin liquid is preferably used the concentration of 0.6-1.2%, preferably uses 1% concentration.
In Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, step (2) liquid soaks 2-3 minute.
In Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, preferably 20 centimetres of step (3) trench digging line-spacings.
In Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, step (3) ditch depth is 12 centimetres.
In Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, the every ditch of step (3) is put a row Chinese toon bud branch, and in every row, adjacent Chinese toon bud branch is end to end.After Chinese toon bough cutting back, head and the tail are put into ditch, earthing, and the method can improve the product seedling rate of Chinese toon bough.
In Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, step (4) medium temperature chamber temperature of shed is preferably 22-28 ℃.
In Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, the described greenhouse booth of step (1) is intelligent booth, it comprises Intellectualized controller, described Intellectualized controller comprises data acquisition unit, intelligent centre mechanism and executing agency, and described intelligent centre mechanism consists of control centre, input module and output module; The input module connection data collector of intelligent centre mechanism, the output module of intelligent centre mechanism is connected with executing agency; Described data acquisition unit comprises a plurality of illumination detectors, Temperature Detector, moisture detector; Described executing agency comprises reactor, heat-insulation system, moisture-keeping system, illumination/shading system.
Described heat-insulation system comprises by pipeline to be provided the hot-water boiler of heat energy and is arranged at the skylight at booth top, the side window that is arranged at booth sidepiece and wet curtain for booth; Described moisture-keeping system can be sprayer, spray thrower or drip irrigation equipment, and skylight, side window; Described illumination/shading system can adopt Solar lamp, incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp, high-pressure mercury lamp as light source, adopts puggaree or straw mattress as solar protection devices.Data acquisition mechanism is transferred to intelligent centre mechanism by the intensity of illumination in booth, temperature, moisture signal parameter, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the signal parameter receiving exceeds the scope of normal data, output module sends instructions to that ，You executing agency of executing agency heats, cooling, moisturizing, sunshade or strengthen the work of illumination.
In the normal data value of described intelligent centre mechanism storage, the temperature of shed of temperature standard data value is 22-32 ℃, and surface temperature is 15-20 ℃; Illumination normal data value is 60-80 lux; Humidity standard data value is 60-75%.
Concrete, in Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, in step (4), Temperature Detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the Temperature numerical detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the temperature receiving is during lower than 22 ℃, output module sends instructions to heat-insulation system, by hot-water boiler, provide heat energy for booth, otherwise, when the temperature receiving is higher than 32 ℃, output module sends instructions to heat-insulation system, opens wet curtain, skylight, side window cooling; Illumination detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the intensity of illumination numerical value detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the intensity of illumination receiving is during lower than 60 lux, output module sends instructions to illumination/shading system, use Solar lamp, incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp or high-pressure mercury lamp to supplement illumination as light source, otherwise, when the intensity of illumination receiving is higher than 80 luxs, output module sends instructions to illumination/shading system, adopts puggaree or straw mattress sunshade to reduce intensity of illumination; Moisture detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the humidity detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the humidity receiving is lower than 60% time, output module sends instructions to moisture-keeping system, use sprayer, spray thrower or drip irrigation to increase humidity, otherwise, when the humidity receiving is higher than 75%, output module sends instructions to moisture-keeping system, opens skylight, side window reduction humidity.
In Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, when booth is managed in step (4), cultivate during 45-55 days, while having 60% Chinese toon rudiment, throw off mulch film.
In Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, when booth is managed in step (4), when appearring in Seedling Stage, damping off sprays in time 25% carbendazim.
Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, adopts green house planting technology, and pruning method adopts cutting back, Chinese toon bud branch length after cutting back is 40-50cm, with 1% gibberellin liquid, soak training Chinese toon bud branch 2-5 minute, the breaking dormancy phase, contribute to improve the product seedling rate of Chinese toon bud branch; Implantation methods adopts railway carriage or compartment face to press the line-spacing trench digging of 15-25 centimetre, ditch depth 10-15 centimetre, the Chinese toon bough of handling well is kept flat to above-mentioned ditch, water vola water, earthing overlay film, after cutting back, nutrition transport way is short, and liquid manure effect is expressed faster, effective, the product seedling rate of Chinese toon bud branch can be further improved, and the survival rate of Chinese toon bud branch can be improved; In Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, Intelligent Greenhouse can effectively be controlled temperature and humidity in greenhouse booth, it is remained under the long best conditions of Chinese toon blastogenesis, and can survive the winter the summer smoothly.Chinese toon product seedling rate of the present invention and survival rate are high, with short production cycle, from training, to gathering, only need 55-70 days, can repeatedly gather, can gather 3-4 time every year, and output is high, every per mu yield is up to 3-4kg, and quality is good, green non-pollution, the Chinese toon dish blade obtaining is thick, and color is dark, and contained nutriment is abundanter.
Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, fertilizer is natural fertilizers, Nonpoisonous, non-environmental-pollution has reduced the use of chemicals simultaneously, has improved quality and the taste of Chinese toon.After fertilizer mixes with earth, in booth, laying depth is 30 centimetres, the mixture laying depth of fertilizer and earth is thicker, the everywhere root that more can guarantee Chinese toon can fully absorb nutriment, but for considering of economic dispatch each side, inventor passes through test of many times, find that laying depth is 30 centimetres, can guarantee the Chinese toon required nutriment of growing, can also reach optimum economic benefit simultaneously.Booth of the present invention is intelligent booth, and the intelligent interior condition of canopy of controlling, is in suitable environment the growth of Chinese toon all the time, increases Chinese toon survival rate, improves quality and the mouthfeel of Chinese toon.
Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, Chinese toon bough cutting back is 40-50 centimetre, can make Chinese toon more easily survive.Use liquid soaks, and can effectively break the resting stage of Chinese toon, increases and produces seedling rate, makes its growth quicker, shortens growth cycle.
Chinese toon colza method for planting of the present invention, inventor, through repeatedly experiment repeatedly, finds the line-spacing trench digging of 15-25 centimetre, can improve space availability ratio, can guarantee again the normal growth of Chinese toon dish, wherein 20 centimetres is optimum value.Ditch depth 10-15 centimetre, guarantees as far as possible many Chinese toon bud sproutings, reduces Chinese toon bud and is embedded in probability corrupt in soil, improves and produces seedling rate and output, and the while can also guarantee that Chinese toon can normally absorb desired nutritional material, and wherein 12 centimetres is optimum value.
Chinese toon implantation methods of the present invention, temperature of shed is 22-32 ℃, and soil table temperature is 15-20 ℃, is conducive to the growth of Chinese toon bud, improves output, promotes that tender leaf becomes dark reddish purple look, and not only outward appearance is beautiful, and taste is dense, sweeter, quality better.Though temperature during higher than 32 ℃ compound leaf growth fast, fiber is many, Chinese toon bud aberration; Temperature is during lower than 25 ℃, and Chinese toon growth rate is slow, yields poorly, and the cycle is long.Suitable supplementary illumination, can improve the color and luster of Chinese toon dish, accelerates its growth rate.
Chinese toon implantation methods of the present invention, greenhouse Chinese toon is very tender and lovely, can not pinch with hand, to protect kryptoblast to continue to sprout during harvesting.
compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention:
Chinese toon implantation methods of the present invention makes Chinese toon plant at green house, before implanting, with gibberellin reagent, soak, process of growth manure use, greatly reduce the probability that uses chemical substance, Chinese toon bough keeps flat and end to end putting into stated ditch, and cutting back covering method of the present invention, has effectively improved the product seedling rate of Chinese toon, the harvesting number of times of the Chinese toon that Intelligent Greenhouse improves again, and then effectively improved the output of Chinese toon; And through inventor's repetition test repeatedly, adopted the optimum various conditions of Chinese toon growth, improved product seedling rate and the survival rate of Chinese toon, shortened the growth cycle of Chinese toon, obtained green non-pollution, high yield, high-quality and good mouthfeel, all available Chinese toon dish of the four seasons.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Intelligent Greenhouse Intellectualized controller of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with test example and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should be interpreted as to the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention only limits to following embodiment, all technology realizing based on content of the present invention all belong to scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
An implantation methods for Chinese toon dish, comprises following steps:
(1) under the frame in greenhouse booth, pile up the earth that is mixed with fertilizer of 40 cm thicks, be mixed with 500kg fertilizer in every cubic metre of earth, smooth earth, does railway carriage or compartment;
(2) by Chinese toon bough cutting back to length, be 40 centimetres, the gibberellin liquid with 1% soaks 2 minutes;
(3) on the face of the ready railway carriage or compartment of step (1), the line-spacing trench digging of every 15 centimetres, 10 centimetres of ditch depths,
By every ditch one row of the Chinese toon bough of handling well in step (2), end to end keeping flat in above-mentioned ditch, waters, earthing overlay film;
(4) temperature of shed is 22-32 ℃, and soil table temperature is 15-20 ℃; Intelligence booth carries out intellectuality and controls, Temperature Detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the Temperature numerical detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the temperature receiving is during lower than 22 ℃, output module sends instructions to heat-insulation system, by hot-water boiler, provides heat energy for booth, otherwise, when the temperature receiving is higher than 32 ℃, output module sends instructions to heat-insulation system, opens wet curtain, skylight, side window cooling; Illumination detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the intensity of illumination numerical value detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the intensity of illumination receiving is during lower than 60 lux, output module sends instructions to illumination/shading system, use incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp or high-pressure mercury lamp to supplement illumination as light source, otherwise, when the intensity of illumination receiving is higher than 80 luxs, output module sends instructions to illumination/shading system, adopts puggaree or straw mattress sunshade to reduce intensity of illumination; Moisture detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the humidity detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the humidity receiving is lower than 60% time, output module sends instructions to moisture-keeping system, uses sprayer, spray thrower or drip irrigation to increase humidity, otherwise, when the humidity receiving is higher than 75%, output module sends instructions to moisture-keeping system, opens skylight, side window reduction humidity
(5) 45-50 days, has 60% Chinese toon rudiment to throw off mulch film.
(6) throw off after mulch film, during the long 22-28cm of Chinese toon bud, start to adopt bud, gather with scissors, retain base portion 1-2 sheet leaf, keep away manual-free and pinch Chinese toon bud, after it cyclostrophic is warm, should water in time, keep soil moistening, after gathering for the first time, 0.07 hectare can impose urea 10-15kg, and damping off easily appears in Seedling Stage, and morbidity can be sprayed 25% carbendazim in time.
Embodiment 2
An implantation methods for Chinese toon dish, comprises following steps:
(1) every cubic metre of earth is put into intelligent greenhouse canopy after evenly mixing with 800kg fertilizer, lays thick
Degree is 35 centimetres;
(2) by Chinese toon bough cutting back to length, be 45 centimetres, with 1.2% gibberellin liquid, soak 5 minutes;
(3) on the ready earth of step (1), the line-spacing trench digging of every 25 centimetres, 15 centimetres of ditch depths,
By every ditch one row of the Chinese toon bough of handling well in step (2), end to end keeping flat in above-mentioned ditch, waters, earthing overlay film;
(4) temperature of shed is 22-32 ℃, and soil table temperature is 15-20 ℃; Intelligence booth carries out intellectuality to be controlled, and intensity of illumination, lower than 60 luxs, utilizes Solar lamp to carry out light filling, and intensity of illumination, higher than 80 luxs, is used sunshade net shielded from light to shine; Temperature of shed, lower than 22 ℃, utilizes hot-water boiler to mend temperature, and temperature, higher than 32 ℃, is utilized wet curtain, skylight, side window cooling;
(5) 45-50 days, throws off mulch film.
Embodiment 3
An implantation methods for Chinese toon dish, comprises following steps:
(1) every cubic metre of earth is put into intelligent greenhouse canopy after evenly mixing with 600kg fertilizer;
(2) autumn and winter season, is 50 centimetres by Chinese toon bough cutting back to length, with 0.9% gibberellin liquid, soaks
Steep 4 minutes;
(3) on the ready earth of step (1), the line-spacing trench digging of every 23 centimetres, 13 centimetres of ditch depths,
By every ditch one row of the Chinese toon bough of handling well in step (2), end to end keeping flat in above-mentioned ditch, waters, earthing overlay film;
(4) temperature of shed is 22-32 ℃, and soil table temperature is 15-20 ℃; Intelligence booth carries out intellectuality to be controlled, and intensity of illumination, lower than 60 luxs, utilizes Solar lamp to carry out light filling, and intensity of illumination, higher than 80 luxs, is used sunshade net shielded from light to shine; Temperature of shed, lower than 22 ℃, utilizes hot-water boiler to mend temperature, and temperature, higher than 32 ℃, is utilized wet curtain, skylight, side window cooling;
(5) 45-50 days, has 60% Chinese toon rudiment to throw off mulch film.
(6) throw off after mulch film, during the long 22-28cm of Chinese toon bud, start to adopt bud, gather with scissors, retain base portion 1-2 sheet leaf, keep away manual-free and pinch Chinese toon bud, after it cyclostrophic is warm, should water in time, keep soil moistening, after gathering for the first time, 0.07 hectare can impose urea 10-15kg, and damping off easily appears in Seedling Stage, and morbidity can be sprayed 25% carbendazim in time.
Embodiment 4
An implantation methods for Chinese toon dish, comprises following steps:
(1) every cubic metre of earth is put into intelligent greenhouse canopy after evenly mixing with 800kg fertilizer, lays thick
Degree is 30 centimetres;
(2) autumn and winter season, is 40 centimetres by Chinese toon bough cutting back to length, with 1% gibberellin liquid, soaks
3 minutes;
(3) on the ready earth of step (1), the line-spacing trench digging of every 20 centimetres, 12 centimetres of ditch depths,
By every ditch one row of the Chinese toon bough of handling well in step (2), end to end keeping flat in above-mentioned ditch, waters, earthing overlay film;
(4) temperature of shed is 22-28 ℃, and soil table temperature is 15-20 ℃; Intelligence booth carries out intellectuality and controls, Temperature Detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the Temperature numerical detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the temperature receiving is during lower than 22 ℃, output module sends instructions to heat-insulation system, by hot-water boiler, provides heat energy for booth, otherwise, when the temperature receiving is higher than 32 ℃, output module sends instructions to heat-insulation system, opens wet curtain, skylight, side window cooling; Illumination detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the intensity of illumination numerical value detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the intensity of illumination receiving is during lower than 60 lux, output module sends instructions to illumination/shading system, use incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp or high-pressure mercury lamp to supplement illumination as light source, otherwise, when the intensity of illumination receiving is higher than 80 luxs, output module sends instructions to illumination/shading system, adopts puggaree or straw mattress sunshade to reduce intensity of illumination; Moisture detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the humidity detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the humidity receiving is lower than 60% time, output module sends instructions to moisture-keeping system, uses sprayer, spray thrower or drip irrigation to increase humidity, otherwise, when the humidity receiving is higher than 75%, output module sends instructions to moisture-keeping system, opens skylight, side window reduction humidity
(5) 45-50 days, has 60% Chinese toon rudiment to throw off mulch film.
(6) throw off after mulch film, during the long 22-28cm of Chinese toon bud, start to adopt bud, gather with scissors, retain base portion 1-2 sheet leaf, keep away manual-free and pinch Chinese toon bud, after it cyclostrophic is warm, should water in time, keep soil moistening, after gathering for the first time, 0.07 hectare can impose urea 10-15kg, and damping off easily appears in Seedling Stage, and morbidity can be sprayed 25% carbendazim in time.
In embodiment 1-4, every per mu yield seedling rate average out to 7000-8000 strain, every annual can be plucked 3-4 time, every per mu yield average out to 3-4 kilogram.
Experimental example 1, step (2) Chinese toon bough soak without gibberellin liquid
An implantation methods for Chinese toon dish, comprises following steps:
(1) every cubic metre of earth is put into intelligent greenhouse canopy after evenly mixing with 800kg fertilizer;
(2) autumn and winter season is 40 centimetres by Chinese toon bough cutting back to length;
(3) on the ready earth of step (1), the line-spacing trench digging of every 20 centimetres, 12 centimetres of ditch depths,
By every ditch one row of the Chinese toon bough of handling well in step (2), end to end keeping flat in above-mentioned ditch, waters, earthing overlay film;
(4) temperature of shed is 22-32 ℃, and soil table temperature is 15-20 ℃; Intelligence booth carries out intellectuality and controls, Temperature Detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the Temperature numerical detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the temperature receiving is during lower than 22 ℃, output module sends instructions to heat-insulation system, by hot-water boiler, provides heat energy for booth, otherwise, when the temperature receiving is higher than 32 ℃, output module sends instructions to heat-insulation system, opens wet curtain, skylight, side window cooling; Illumination detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the intensity of illumination numerical value detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the intensity of illumination receiving is during lower than 60 lux, output module sends instructions to illumination/shading system, use incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp or high-pressure mercury lamp to supplement illumination as light source, otherwise, when the intensity of illumination receiving is higher than 80 luxs, output module sends instructions to illumination/shading system, adopts puggaree or straw mattress sunshade to reduce intensity of illumination; Moisture detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the humidity detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the humidity receiving is lower than 60% time, output module sends instructions to moisture-keeping system, uses sprayer, spray thrower or drip irrigation to increase humidity, otherwise, when the humidity receiving is higher than 75%, output module sends instructions to moisture-keeping system, opens skylight, side window reduction humidity
(5) 45-50 days, has 60% Chinese toon rudiment to throw off mulch film.
(6) throw off after mulch film, during the long 22-28cm of Chinese toon bud, start to adopt bud, gather with scissors, retain base portion 1-2 sheet leaf, keep away manual-free and pinch Chinese toon bud, after it cyclostrophic is warm, should water in time, keep soil moistening, after gathering for the first time, 0.07 hectare can impose urea 10-15kg, and damping off easily appears in Seedling Stage, and morbidity can be sprayed 25% carbendazim in time.
By the known Chinese toon bough of experimental example 1, without gibberellin liquid, soaked, reduced the product seedling rate of Chinese toon, every per mu yield seedling rate is 4000-5000 strain, and then affects its output.
Experimental example 2, step (3) ditch depth be not in 10-15 cm range
An implantation methods for Chinese toon dish, comprises following steps:
(1) every cubic metre of earth is put into intelligent greenhouse canopy after evenly mixing with 800kg fertilizer;
(2) autumn and winter season, is 40 centimetres by Chinese toon bough cutting back to length, with 1% gibberellin liquid, soaks
3 minutes;
(3) on the ready earth of step (1), the line-spacing trench digging of every 20 centimetres, 18 centimetres of ditch depths,
By every ditch one row of the Chinese toon bough of handling well in step (2), end to end keeping flat in above-mentioned ditch, every ditch is put a row, waters, earthing overlay film;
(4) temperature of shed is 22-32 ℃, and soil table temperature is 15-20 ℃; Intelligence booth carries out intellectuality and controls, Temperature Detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the Temperature numerical detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the temperature receiving is during lower than 22 ℃, output module sends instructions to heat-insulation system, by hot-water boiler, provides heat energy for booth, otherwise, when the temperature receiving is higher than 32 ℃, output module sends instructions to heat-insulation system, opens wet curtain, skylight, side window cooling; Illumination detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the intensity of illumination numerical value detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the intensity of illumination receiving is during lower than 60 lux, output module sends instructions to illumination/shading system, use incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp or high-pressure mercury lamp to supplement illumination as light source, otherwise, when the intensity of illumination receiving is higher than 80 luxs, output module sends instructions to illumination/shading system, adopts puggaree or straw mattress sunshade to reduce intensity of illumination; Moisture detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the humidity detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the humidity receiving is lower than 60% time, output module sends instructions to moisture-keeping system, uses sprayer, spray thrower or drip irrigation to increase humidity, otherwise, when the humidity receiving is higher than 75%, output module sends instructions to moisture-keeping system, opens skylight, side window reduction humidity
(5) 45-50 days, has 60% Chinese toon rudiment to throw off mulch film.
(6) throw off after mulch film, during the long 22-28cm of Chinese toon bud, start to adopt bud, gather with scissors, retain base portion 1-2 sheet leaf, keep away manual-free and pinch Chinese toon bud, after it cyclostrophic is warm, should water in time, keep soil moistening, after gathering for the first time, 0.07 hectare can impose urea 10-15kg, and damping off easily appears in Seedling Stage, and morbidity can be sprayed 25% carbendazim in time.
From experimental example 2, ditch depth is too dark, and the bud of Chinese toon easily rots, and reduces the product seedling rate of Chinese toon, and every per mu yield seedling rate is 4500-5000 strain, and then affects the output of Chinese toon.
Experimental example 3, step (3) ditch depth be not in 10-15 cm range
An implantation methods for Chinese toon dish, comprises following steps:
(1) every cubic metre of earth is put into intelligent greenhouse canopy after evenly mixing with 800kg fertilizer;
(2) autumn and winter season, is 40 centimetres by Chinese toon bough cutting back to length, with 1% gibberellin liquid, soaks
3 minutes;
(3) on the ready earth of step (1), the line-spacing trench digging of every 20 centimetres, 8 centimetres of ditch depths,
By every ditch one row of the Chinese toon bough of handling well in step (2), end to end keeping flat in above-mentioned ditch, every ditch is put a row, waters, earthing overlay film;
(4) temperature of shed is 22-32 ℃, and soil table temperature is 15-20 ℃; Intelligence booth carries out intellectuality and controls, Temperature Detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the Temperature numerical detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the temperature receiving is during lower than 22 ℃, output module sends instructions to heat-insulation system, by hot-water boiler, provides heat energy for booth, otherwise, when the temperature receiving is higher than 32 ℃, output module sends instructions to heat-insulation system, opens wet curtain, skylight, side window cooling; Illumination detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the intensity of illumination numerical value detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the intensity of illumination receiving is during lower than 60 lux, output module sends instructions to illumination/shading system, use incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp or high-pressure mercury lamp to supplement illumination as light source, otherwise, when the intensity of illumination receiving is higher than 80 luxs, output module sends instructions to illumination/shading system, adopts puggaree or straw mattress sunshade to reduce intensity of illumination; Moisture detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the humidity detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the humidity receiving is lower than 60% time, output module sends instructions to moisture-keeping system, uses sprayer, spray thrower or drip irrigation to increase humidity, otherwise, when the humidity receiving is higher than 75%, output module sends instructions to moisture-keeping system, opens skylight, side window reduction humidity
(5) 45-50 days, has 60% Chinese toon rudiment to throw off mulch film.
(6) throw off after mulch film, during the long 22-28cm of Chinese toon bud, start to adopt bud, gather with scissors, retain base portion 1-2 sheet leaf, keep away manual-free and pinch Chinese toon bud, after it cyclostrophic is warm, should water in time, keep soil moistening, after gathering for the first time, 0.07 hectare can impose urea 10-15kg, and damping off easily appears in Seedling Stage, and morbidity can be sprayed 25% carbendazim in time.
From experimental example 3, ditch depth is too shallow, and Chinese toon is not easy to absorb nutriment, affects the growth of Chinese toon, reduces the output of Chinese toon, and every per mu yield is 2-3 kilogram.
Experimental example 4, step (3) Chinese toon bough are not end to end keeping flat in ditch
An implantation methods for Chinese toon dish, comprises following steps:
(1) every cubic metre of earth is put into greenhouse booth after evenly mixing with 800kg fertilizer;
(2) autumn and winter season, is 40 centimetres by Chinese toon bough cutting back to length, with 1% gibberellin liquid, soaks
3 minutes;
(3) on the ready earth of step (1), the line-spacing trench digging of every 20 centimetres, 18 centimetres of ditch depths,
The Chinese toon bough of handling well in step (2) is inserted in above-mentioned ditch, and every ditch is put a row, water, and earthing overlay film;
(4) temperature of shed is 22-32 ℃, and soil table temperature is 15-20 ℃; Intelligence booth carries out intellectuality and controls, Temperature Detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the Temperature numerical detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the temperature receiving is during lower than 22 ℃, output module sends instructions to heat-insulation system, by hot-water boiler, provides heat energy for booth, otherwise, when the temperature receiving is higher than 32 ℃, output module sends instructions to heat-insulation system, opens wet curtain, skylight, side window cooling; Illumination detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the intensity of illumination numerical value detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the intensity of illumination receiving is during lower than 60 lux, output module sends instructions to illumination/shading system, use incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp or high-pressure mercury lamp to supplement illumination as light source, otherwise, when the intensity of illumination receiving is higher than 80 luxs, output module sends instructions to illumination/shading system, adopts puggaree or straw mattress sunshade to reduce intensity of illumination; Moisture detector is transported to intelligent centre mechanism by the humidity detecting, intelligent centre mechanism compares the signal parameter receiving with the normal data of storage, when the humidity receiving is lower than 60% time, output module sends instructions to moisture-keeping system, uses sprayer, spray thrower or drip irrigation to increase humidity, otherwise, when the humidity receiving is higher than 75%, output module sends instructions to moisture-keeping system, opens skylight, side window reduction humidity
(5) 45-50 days, has 60% Chinese toon rudiment to throw off mulch film.
(6) throw off after mulch film, during the long 22-28cm of Chinese toon bud, start to adopt bud, gather with scissors, retain base portion 1-2 sheet leaf, keep away manual-free and pinch Chinese toon bud, after it cyclostrophic is warm, should water in time, keep soil moistening, after gathering for the first time, 0.07 hectare can impose urea 10-15kg, and damping off easily appears in Seedling Stage, and morbidity can be sprayed 25% carbendazim in time.
From experimental example 4, Chinese toon bough inserts in ditch, greatly reduces the product seedling rate of Chinese toon bough, and every per mu yield seedling rate is 3500-4500 strain, affects its ultimate output.
Experimental example 5, Chinese toon are not planted in Intelligent Greenhouse
An implantation methods for Chinese toon dish, comprises following steps:
(1) every cubic metre of earth is put into greenhouse booth after evenly mixing with 800kg fertilizer;
(2) autumn and winter season, is 40 centimetres by Chinese toon bough cutting back to length, with 1% gibberellin liquid, soaks
3 minutes;
(3) on the ready earth of step (1), the line-spacing trench digging of every 20 centimetres, 18 centimetres of ditch depths,
By every ditch one row of the Chinese toon bough of handling well in step (2), end to end keeping flat in above-mentioned ditch, waters, earthing overlay film;
(4) 45-50 days, has 60% Chinese toon rudiment to throw off mulch film.
(5) throw off after mulch film, during the long 22-28cm of Chinese toon bud, start to adopt bud, gather with scissors, retain base portion 1-2 sheet leaf, keep away manual-free and pinch Chinese toon bud, after it cyclostrophic is warm, should water in time, keep soil moistening, after gathering for the first time, 0.07 hectare can impose urea 10-15kg, and damping off easily appears in Seedling Stage, and morbidity can be sprayed 25% carbendazim in time.
From experimental example 5, do not use Intelligent Greenhouse, and use the annual of common green house Chinese toon
Plucking number of times is 1-2 time, greatly reduces the output of Chinese toon.
The implantation methods of comparative example 1, traditional Chinese toon dish
(1) after Chinese toon fallen leaves in autumn, by Chinese toon bough cutting back, be 15-20 centimetre, above-mentioned Chinese toon bough is put
Enter in ditch;
(2) Second Year, the spring is transplanted in nursery in good time, waters in good time, during field management, attention insect pest
Control, available bordeaux mixture, paclobutrazol, ethrel or potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc. promote the growth of Chinese toon and the control of insect pest.
From comparative example 1, traditional Chinese toon implantation methods, needs Second Year to transplant, and growth cycle is long, and can only pluck in spring, within 1 year, can only pluck once, and every per mu yield is 1-2 kilogram.
The product seedling rate of embodiment 1-4, output, all higher than experimental example 1-5 and comparative example 1, prove the implantation methods of Chinese toon dish of the present invention, can effectively improve product seedling rate, the output of Chinese toon, shorten growth cycle.The present invention adopts cutting back covering method, after being Chinese toon bough cutting back, the end to end method keeping flat in ditch of every ditch one row, has effectively improved the product seedling rate of Chinese toon, in Intelligent Greenhouse, plantation has increased again its annual number of times of plucking simultaneously, and the various different conditions in Chinese toon implantation methods of the present invention, cooperatively interact, mutually collaborative, greatly improved the product seedling rate of Chinese toon, shorten growth cycle, increase and pluck number of times, and then improve its output.
Claims (8)
1. an implantation methods for Chinese toon dish, is characterized in that, comprises following steps:
(1), wholely: under the frame in greenhouse booth, pile up the earth that is mixed with fertilizer of 30-40 cm thick, be mixed with 500-800kg fertilizer in every cubic metre of earth, smooth earth, does railway carriage or compartment;
(2), training: autumn and winter season, by the Chinese toon bud branch cutting back with soil property, the Chinese toon bud branch length after cutting back is 40-50cm, soaks training Chinese toon bud branch 2-5 minute, breaking dormancy phase with the gibberellin liquid of 0.5-1.5%;
(3), plantation: railway carriage or compartment face is pressed the line-spacing trench digging of 15-25 centimetre, and ditch depth 10-15 centimetre, keeps flat the Chinese toon bough of handling well through step (2) to above-mentioned ditch, waters vola water, earthing overlay film;
(4), booth management: controlling greenhouse temperature of shed is 22-32 ℃, and surface temperature is 15-20 ℃, cultivates 45-55 days, throws off mulch film;
(5), gather: bud grows to 20-25 centimetre and cuts bud with scissors, retains base portion 1-2 sheet leaf, after gathering, waters in time, keeps soil gentle, after gathering for the first time, imposes urea 10-15kg/ mu, to urge young shoot growth.
2. Chinese toon colza method for planting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described gibberellin liquor strength of step (2) is 0.6-1.2%.
3. Chinese toon colza method for planting according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the described gibberellin liquor strength of step (2) is 1%.
4. Chinese toon colza method for planting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described gibberellin liquid of step (2) soaks 2-3 minute.
5. Chinese toon colza method for planting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step (3) trench digging line-spacing is 20 centimetres.
6. Chinese toon colza method for planting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step (3) ditch depth is 12 centimetres.
7. Chinese toon colza method for planting according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the temperature of shed of step (4) Chinese toon is 22-28 ℃.
8. in Chinese toon colza method for planting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described greenhouse booth is intelligent greenhouse canopy.
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| CN107494148A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-22 | 安徽秋歌农业开发有限公司 | A kind of high glycoform Kiwi berry implantation methods |
| CN107711268A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-02-23 | 吕强 | A kind of processing method for suppressing Chinese toon lignifying |
| CN107980450A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-04 | 靖州县生态新寨种养专业合作社 | A kind of greenhouse gardening method of Chinese toon |
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