CN103477876A - Potato crossbreeding method - Google Patents
Potato crossbreeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103477876A CN103477876A CN201310433057.6A CN201310433057A CN103477876A CN 103477876 A CN103477876 A CN 103477876A CN 201310433057 A CN201310433057 A CN 201310433057A CN 103477876 A CN103477876 A CN 103477876A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a potato crossbreeding method. The potato crossbreeding method comprises the following steps of preparing potato scions and tomato root stocks; grafting the potato scions to the tomato root stocks; performing cross pollination until plant survival and flowering. According to the potato crossbreeding method, the indeterminate growth characteristics of tomatoes and the flowering habits of potatoes are utilized, a grafting technology is improved and the flowering period and the flowering quality of the potatoes are adjusted, the cross pollination is performed on tomato and potato grafted plants, so that the success rate and the efficiency of crossbreeding are improved, the problems of the flowering asynchronism, the short flowering period, the low fruit setting rate and the like in the crossbreeding process of the potatoes are effectively solved, and the parent flowering habits of part of the potatoes are improved to a certain extent. The potato crossbreeding method has the advantages of being simple in operation, high in success rate and efficiency, suitable for directional crossbreeding of field natural-flowering potato materials which are transferred into the indoor and conventional sexual crossbreeding work of the potatoes and profound in development value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Potato Breeding technical field, relate in particular to a kind of method of potato crossbreeding.
Background technology
Development along with graft technology, break through already its traditional breeding meaning, and be widely used in plant cultivation production, the aspect such as breeding practice and fundamental research, in fruit tree, solanaceous vegetable, cotton, in the plants such as soybean, adopt mentor method to produce many mentor hybrids (pass by said asexual hybrid), while adopting mentor method to carry out graft hybridization, if using stock as the mentor, scion is as by the mentor, so just necessarily require scion to take from children's hybrid seedling in age, and stock must be aged on stage, and to constantly extract the blade of scion after grafting, and make the branches and leaves raised growth of stock, this and general propagation by grafiting method fundamental difference, or even antipodal, research now shows, the mechanism that adopts mentor method to carry out graft hybridization is mainly genetic transformation, be the transfer of genetic material in stock and be incorporated in the chromosome set of scion growing point cell, this and " foreign DNA importing plant technology ", L.B. the mechanism of technology is similar, this means and adopt graft hybridization can not only cultivate colourful grafting chimaera, can also cultivate the mentor hybrid of similar genetically modified plants, and method simple practical, it is a breeding approach can not be ignored.
Be prone in the potato crossover process that flowering asynchronism, florescence are short, the not high phenomenon of percentage of fertile fruit.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of potato crossbreeding, is intended to solve in the potato crossover process flowering asynchronism, the florescence is short, percentage of fertile fruit is the not high problem of being prone to.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of method of potato crossbreeding, and the method for described potato crossbreeding comprises the following steps:
Prepare the scion of potato and the stock of tomato;
Stock by the scion grafting of potato to tomato;
Until plant survives, bloom, carry out hybridization pollination.
Further, prepare the scion of potato and the stock of tomato, in late May, select grow the well seed of healthy and strong tomato variety of disease resistance to sow in a potato vernalization in month in advance, keep applicable soil humidity and temperature, rudiment fast, implement grafting while by the time growing to the living scapus 0.5cm of base.
Further, the grafting of tomato and potato, the potato seedling chosen has been grubbed out, the seedling of tomato from overhead approximately two centimeters crosscuts go to top, and cut together with axillalry bud cutting the leaf of sentencing lower life, cut a longitudinal incision from the centre of stock stem, again by the tubbiness that chooses and healthy and strong scion seedling, below staying 3-4 sheet leaf, terminal bud cuts, grafting adopts sharp shaver for well, use cleft graft to carry out the grafting combination, in the dark smooth interface of stock otch center rip cutting 1-2cm, again the potato scion that cuts into two-sided wedge shape is inserted to the otch of tomato anvil, and clamping fixed with vegetable grafting.
Further, the hybridization pollination of grafting plant, according to different purposes, select performance the Characters good stand as female parent, deposit separately, the stamen in maternal flower is removed, pollinating the previous day, gather male parent open fresh flower on the same day, flower pesticide is taken off to be placed on template and dry, second day separates pollen with sieve from flower pesticide, only retain maternal flower, in the morning, at dusk and continuous 3 pollinations of morning.
The method of potato crossbreeding of the present invention, utilize tomato indeterminate growth characteristic and potato flowering habit, improve and regulate potato flowering stage and flowering quality by graft technology, and carry out hybridization pollination in tomato-potato grafting strain, improved and be hybridized to power efficiency, efficiently solve that flowering asynchronism in the potato crossover process, florescence are short, the not high phenomenon of percentage of fertile fruit, and improved to a certain extent part potato parent flowering habit.The present invention is simple to operate, and success rate and efficiency are high, is suitable for field flowering naturally Potatoes and proceeds to indoor judicious mating and the conventional sexual hybridization breeding work of potato, has far-reaching dynamogenetic value.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the potato crossbreeding that provides of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the flow process of the method for potato crossbreeding provided by the invention.For convenience of explanation, only show part related to the present invention.
The method of potato crossbreeding of the present invention, the method for this potato crossbreeding comprises the following steps:
Prepare the scion of potato and the stock of tomato;
Stock by the scion grafting of potato to tomato;
Until plant survives, bloom, carry out hybridization pollination.
A prioritization scheme as the embodiment of the present invention, prepare the scion of potato and the stock of tomato, in late May, select grow the well seed of healthy and strong tomato variety of disease resistance to sow in a potato vernalization in month in advance, keep applicable soil humidity and temperature, rudiment fast, implement grafting while by the time growing to the living scapus 0.5cm of base.
A prioritization scheme as the embodiment of the present invention, the grafting of tomato and potato, the potato seedling chosen has been grubbed out, the seedling of tomato from overhead approximately two centimeters crosscuts go to top, and cut together with axillalry bud cutting the leaf of sentencing lower life, cut a longitudinal incision from the centre of stock stem, again by the tubbiness that chooses and healthy and strong scion seedling, below staying 3-4 sheet leaf, terminal bud cuts, grafting adopts sharp shaver for well, use cleft graft to carry out the grafting combination, in the dark smooth interface of stock otch center rip cutting 1-2cm, again the potato scion that cuts into two-sided wedge shape is inserted to the otch of tomato anvil, and clamping fixed with vegetable grafting.
A prioritization scheme as the embodiment of the present invention, the hybridization pollination of grafting plant, according to different purposes, select performance the Characters good stand as female parent, deposit separately, the stamen in maternal flower is removed, pollinating the previous day, gather male parent open fresh flower on the same day, flower pesticide is taken off to be placed on template and dry, second day separates pollen with sieve from flower pesticide, only retain maternal flower, in the morning, at dusk and continuous 3 pollinations of morning.
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, application principle of the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the method for the potato crossbreeding of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
S101: prepare the scion of potato and the stock of tomato;
S102: the stock by the scion grafting of potato to tomato;
S103: until plant survives, bloom, carry out hybridization pollination.
The concrete steps of the embodiment of the present invention are:
The first step, cultivation stock and scion; Stock and scion are the bases of grafting, it is also the key that affects graft survival rate, in late May, select disease resistance grow well healthy and strong tomato variety seed in advance in potato about one month vernalization sow, keep applicable soil humidity and temperature, allow its quick rudiment, while by the time growing to the living scapus 0.5cm of base, just can implement grafting, this, seedling of tomato grew to 7-8 centimetre high time, and the seedling of potato also grows 5-8 leaf;
Second step, plant grafting: the potato seedling chosen has been grubbed out, take stock growth place, again by the tomato seedling (thickness of stem is similar with scion) that chooses from overhead approximately two centimeters crosscuts go to top, and cut together with axillalry bud cutting the leaf of sentencing lower life, cut a longitudinal incision from the centre of stock stem, again by the tubbiness that chooses and healthy and strong scion seedling, below staying 3-4 sheet leaf, terminal bud cuts, , grafting is general adopts sharp shaver for well, use cleft graft to carry out the grafting combination, in the dark smooth interface of stock otch center rip cutting 1-2cm, again the potato scion that cuts into two-sided wedge shape is inserted to the otch of tomato anvil, and determine to get final product with vegetable grafting is clamping, generally, but the two weeks left and right is healing of wound just, the tomato that acquisition needs-potato grafting strain, the crossbreeding cycle can be shortened greatly, grafting aspect in practice is successfully basically, its survival rate reaches 80%,
The 3rd step, selection female parent: according to different purposes, select performance the Characters good stands as female parent, deposit separately;
The 4th step, emasculation: produce fruit for preventing selfing, the stamen in maternal flower is removed;
The 5th step, adopt powder: in pollination the previous day, gather male parent open fresh flower on the same day, flower pesticide is taken off to be placed on template and dry, second day separates pollen with sieve from flower pesticide;
The 6th step, flower thinning: remove all the other flowers, only retain maternal flower;
The 7th step, repeat pollination: in the morning, at dusk and continuous 3 pollinations of morning.
The present invention also is suitable for field flowering naturally Potatoes and proceeds to indoor judicious mating and the conventional sexual hybridization breeding work of potato, is worth further research application.
Potato and tomato belong to plant of Solanaceae together, the present invention utilizes tomato (stock) indeterminate growth characteristic and potato (scion) flowering habit, improve and regulate potato flowering stage and flowering quality by graft technology, and carry out hybridization pollination in tomato-potato grafting strain, result shows to be hybridized to power efficiency and obviously improves, efficiently solve flowering asynchronism in the potato crossover process, florescence is short, the not high phenomenon of percentage of fertile fruit, and improved to a certain extent part potato parent flowering habit, carry out the potato cross breeding method by the pomato grafting, workable, success rate and efficiency are high, practicality is stronger.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the method for a potato crossbreeding, is characterized in that, the method for described potato crossbreeding comprises the following steps:
Prepare the scion of potato and the stock of tomato;
Stock by the scion grafting of potato to tomato;
Until plant survives, bloom, carry out hybridization pollination.
2. the method for potato crossbreeding as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, prepare the scion of potato and the stock of tomato, in late May, select grow the well seed of healthy and strong tomato variety of disease resistance to sow in a potato vernalization in month in advance, keep applicable soil humidity and temperature, rudiment fast, implement grafting while by the time growing to the living scapus 0.5cm of base.
3. the method for potato crossbreeding as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the grafting of tomato and potato, the potato seedling chosen has been grubbed out, the seedling of tomato from overhead approximately two centimeters crosscuts go to top, and cut together with axillalry bud cutting the leaf of sentencing lower life, cut a longitudinal incision from the centre of stock stem, again by the tubbiness that chooses and healthy and strong scion seedling, below staying 3-4 sheet leaf, terminal bud cuts, grafting adopts sharp shaver for well, use cleft graft to carry out the grafting combination, in the dark smooth interface of stock otch center rip cutting 1-2cm, again the potato scion that cuts into two-sided wedge shape is inserted to the otch of tomato anvil, and clamping fixed with vegetable grafting.
4. the method for potato crossbreeding as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the hybridization pollination of grafting plant selects performance the Characters good stand as female parent according to different purposes, deposit separately, stamen in maternal flower is removed, pollinating the previous day, gather male parent open fresh flower on the same day, flower pesticide is taken off to be placed on template and dry, second day separates pollen with sieve from flower pesticide, only retains maternal flower, in the morning, at dusk and continuous 3 pollinations of morning.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104737830A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-07-01 | 河北北方学院 | Method for solving infertility of potato varieties serving as hybrid female parents |
| CN105052724A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-18 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for improving self-pollination seed setting percentage of diploid potatoes and application of method |
| CN106212062A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-14 | 河南省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of method improving Rhizoma Solani tuber osi and Fructus Capsici graft survival rate |
| CN106305156A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 河南省农业科学院 | Method for improving potato and tomato grafting survival rate |
| CN106342677A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2017-01-25 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所 | Multi-line hybrid breeding method and application thereof |
| CN106416702A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-22 | 绵阳市农业科学研究院 | Method for increasing flowering and setting efficiency of potato |
| CN107517740A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2017-12-29 | 陈耕石 | The method for producing virus-free seed potato |
| CN107787698A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-13 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of production method for the seed potato for avoiding soil-borne disease from infecting |
| CN108834604A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-11-20 | 河北北方学院 | The method of potato tetraploid cultivar and wild diploid species distant hybridization |
| CN112544434A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-26 | 青海省农林科学院 | Breeding method of potato capable of resisting potato late blight |
| CN114916433A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-08-19 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of high-quality disease-resistant hybrid broccoli |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104737830B (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2017-05-03 | 河北北方学院 | Method for solving infertility of potato varieties serving as hybrid female parents |
| CN104737830A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-07-01 | 河北北方学院 | Method for solving infertility of potato varieties serving as hybrid female parents |
| CN106342677A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2017-01-25 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所 | Multi-line hybrid breeding method and application thereof |
| CN105052724A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-18 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for improving self-pollination seed setting percentage of diploid potatoes and application of method |
| CN107517740B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2022-07-29 | 陈耕石 | Method for producing virus-free seed potatoes |
| CN107517740A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2017-12-29 | 陈耕石 | The method for producing virus-free seed potato |
| CN106305156A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 河南省农业科学院 | Method for improving potato and tomato grafting survival rate |
| CN106212062A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-14 | 河南省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of method improving Rhizoma Solani tuber osi and Fructus Capsici graft survival rate |
| CN106416702A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-22 | 绵阳市农业科学研究院 | Method for increasing flowering and setting efficiency of potato |
| CN107787698A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-13 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of production method for the seed potato for avoiding soil-borne disease from infecting |
| CN108834604A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-11-20 | 河北北方学院 | The method of potato tetraploid cultivar and wild diploid species distant hybridization |
| CN108834604B (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2021-01-15 | 河北北方学院 | Distant hybridization method for potato tetraploid cultivars and diploid wild species |
| CN112544434A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-26 | 青海省农林科学院 | Breeding method of potato capable of resisting potato late blight |
| CN114916433A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-08-19 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of high-quality disease-resistant hybrid broccoli |
| CN114916433B (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2023-09-05 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of high-quality disease-resistant hybrid broccoli |
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