CN106416702A - Method for increasing flowering and setting efficiency of potato - Google Patents
Method for increasing flowering and setting efficiency of potato Download PDFInfo
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- CN106416702A CN106416702A CN201610850431.6A CN201610850431A CN106416702A CN 106416702 A CN106416702 A CN 106416702A CN 201610850431 A CN201610850431 A CN 201610850431A CN 106416702 A CN106416702 A CN 106416702A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/12—Supports for plants; Trellis for strawberries or the like
- A01G9/122—Stakes
- A01G9/124—Means for holding stakes upright in, on, or beside pots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/36—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< directly attached to at least one heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for increasing flowering and setting efficiency of potato, comprising: selecting virus-free seed potatoes, and soaking mid-late ripening material with gibberellin in early January; planting each whole seed potato in a single pot, and filling each pot with matrix that is from fine soil, vermiculite and coconut coir at a ratio of 7:1:2; setting up a plant-fixing frame, fixing three rods around each pot, and twining with nylon cords; treating nitrogen fertilizer and a growth regulator, to be specific, applying nitrogen fertilizer to each pot upon seedling emergence, watering for leaching, and after supplement of the nitrogen fertilizer, spraying the plant growth regulator; increasing humidity before pollination, collecting pollen, and burying pistil stigmas in pollen piles for pollination; after pollination, spraying naphthylacetic acid and carbendazim mixed liquid to inflorescences; pruning weeds to 50 cm and below in mid-May. The method allows crossbreeding to be carried out in southern low-altitude areas; flowering phase is adjustable, such that chances for making up specific crosses are increased; setting efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Potato Breeding technical field, more particularly, to one kind improve potato and open in southern low altitude area
The method of bow structure actual effect rate.
Background technology
Crossbreeding is the common method of Potato Breeding, and preparing rational cross combination is the pass obtaining excellent material
Key, and blooming with solid efficiency of Potatoes is to determine one of key factor of hybridization success.Potato great majority
Cultivar broadly falls into long-day type, needs illumination abundance, the condition of sunshine length that bud can be promoted to break up, especially right
The few early-maturing variety of quantity of blooming itself.Many seasons can be planted potato in Southwestern China area, and the Ma Ling of only spring plantation
Potato just can be grown on season long-day, meet potato and blossom and bear fruit necessary photoperiod condition.But on southern low altitude area ground
Area's such as Chengdu Plain, early-maturing variety often is difficult to bloom because growth period illumination is not enough, and middle-late ripening variety is then because of the height in May-June
Temperature and fall flower bud or hybridization after shaky, do not form seed, therefore low altitude area cannot carry out crossbreeding work.At present originally
Mostly ground be to carry out breeding work to avoid high temperature sky to the high mountain of more than 3000 meters of coll area at high altitude such as height above sea level or uplift plateau
Gas, but so there is material Cultivate administration and disease control is inconvenient, far away, overhead cost is big；And the florescence one
As only 1 wheat harvesting period time, limit the chance preparing more combinations.Tie potato by stoping underground part, thus by nutrition more
Many is transferred to overground part, can be with Accelerate bloom.Method using the invention of this principle includes fragment of brick or straw seeding method, sows and connect
Method (existing document and patent report), but it is not enough to solve potato spring, illumination early stage of southwestern low altitude area, in after
Phase temperature is too high cause bloom, problem that solid efficiency is low；Meanwhile, sow the adaptability problem that connection also deposits different materials, and
Complex operation.Additionally, different materials flowering time has differences, how regulation florescence is met, currently without clear and definite method report
Road.
There are the following problems for Potato Breeding at present：
1st, in southern low altitude area such as Chengdu Plain, often because of high temperature during May-June, and a large amount of middle-late ripening varieties are made not
Bloom, fall flower bud or hybridization after shaky, do not form seed it is impossible to carry out crossbreeding work.
2nd, carry out breeding work and can avoid high temperature and be beneficial to bloom to the area that cools of High aititude, but there is material planting tube
The problems such as reason is inconvenient, far away, overhead cost is big.
3rd, different cultivars breeding time is different, thus flowering time there is also difference, there are the father and mother how making preparation combination
This flower synchronization problem.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of raising potato blossoms and bears fruit, the method for efficiency is it is intended to solve current Ma Ling
There is southern low altitude area early-maturing variety and do not form bud in potato breeding, middle-late ripening variety is not bloomed, falls flower bud or do not tied after hybridizing
In fact, do not form seed it is impossible to carry out crossbreeding；There is the inconvenience of material Cultivate administration, road in the regional breeding that cools of High aititude
Remote, overhead cost is big；Different cultivars breeding time is different, thus flowering time there is also difference, exists and so that preparation is combined
Parent flower synchronization the problems such as.
The present invention be achieved in that a kind of improve potato and blossom and bear fruit the method for efficiency, described raising potato opens
The method of bow structure actual effect rate includes：
(1) select virus-free potato seed, at the beginning of 1 month will partly in, late-maturing material gibberellin soaks；
(2) using single single whole planting potato of basin, matrix filled by every basin, by fine earth：Vermiculite：Coconut palm chaff=7:1:2 ratios；
(3) take the shelf of fixing plant, every circumference pelvic fixes 3 bars, is wound around with nylon rope；
(4) nitrogenous fertilizer and growth regulator are processed：When emerging, every basin spills nitrogenous fertilizer to basin surrounding, and water leaching；Supplementing nitrogenous fertilizer
Afterwards, spray plant growth regulator；
(5) first the little watering can with filling clear water sprays flower to dripping, then the pollen collected is fallen in PCR pipe lid
In, pistil stigma is embedded in pollen heap and viscous takes pollen；
(6), after pollinating, prepare the solution containing methyl α-naphthyl acetate and carbendazim and spray inflorescence of pollinating；
(7) to mid-May, weeds are pruned within 50cm.
Further, soak 10min from virus-free potato seed with 20mg/L gibberellin.
Further, plastic nutrition bowl specification 30 × 30cm, matrix filled by every basin, by fine earth：Vermiculite：Coconut palm chaff=7:1:2 ratios
Example, and add 50g-80g composite fertilizer in intermediate layer.
Further, every basin spills 50g-100g nitrogenous fertilizer (urea) and arrives basin surrounding, and water leaching；After supplementing nitrogenous fertilizer 7d, spray
Plant growth regulator 23 μ g/L-48 μ g/L 24-eBL+5mg/L-10mg/L TDZ+100mg/L-200mg/L GA3, 15mL/
Basin -20mL/ basin.
Further, 1d-2d after pollination, prepares solution：0.1mg/L-0.5mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetate+1g/L 50% carbendazim, spray
Apply inflorescence of pollinating.
What another object of the present invention is to a kind of described raising potato of offer blossoms and bears fruit, the method for efficiency used consolidates
Determine frame, described fixed mount includes：Fix bar, nylon rope, nutritive cube；
3 fix bars are fixed, fix bar nylon rope is wound around around each nutritive cube.
The horse of the method for efficiency another object of the present invention is to a kind of offer application described raising potato blossoms and bears fruit
Bell potato breeding method.
Potato the blossoms and bears fruit method of efficiency that what the present invention provided improve, selects virus-free seed potato to effectively prevent virus right
The adverse effect of plant blossom setting, difference vernalization makes the plant part of same material first long, partly long afterwards, is equivalent to from entirety
On increased growth period of this material, that is, extend the florescence；Tie up on bar in slotting 1 bar in basin central authorities and by plant with traditional
Fixing means compare, the method that the present invention provides easy and simple to handle it is not necessary to grow tall because of plant, long branch and be continuously increased binding
Work, and to the material good fixing effect more than branch, do not damage plant；Growth regulator process 5-15d after each material just successively
Start to bloom.While blooming, because the supplement of early stage nitrogenous fertilizer makes plant strain growth obtain tall and big stalwartness, leaf color is dark green, light cooperation
With strong, this is subsequently constantly to bloom and setting provides enough nutrient supplies, and functions of hormones promotion more multi-branched
Formed and bud differentiation.Both complement each other, even if having reached quantity of still blooming under the low adverse environment of high epidemic disaster
The few ideal effect of many, florescence length, shedding；Increase column cap and ambient humidity with clear water before pollination, seat can be significantly improved
Fruit efficiency, even if in the case that net canopy temperature reaches 35-40 DEG C at the end of May, remains to obtain higher percentage of fertile fruit；Impose after pollination
Methyl α-naphthyl acetate and carbendazim, had both prevented the shedding that the abscisic acid (ABA) that the low environmental factor of high epidemic disaster causes increases and causes
Phenomenon, plays the sick effect gone mouldy of anti-fruit well again；In the low unfavorable conditions of 5-6 month overall situation temperature high humility
Under, by adjusting subenvironment, promoting in plant, the fruit growth at low layer position, thus extending breeding time further, increasing
Plus obtain in, the probability of late-maturing material hybrid seed.
The present invention changes plant type and florescence, awards from potato seed selection, difference vernalization, simple built, nitrogenous fertilizer cooperation growth regulator
Increase humidity before powder and improve percentage of fertile fruit, growth regulator slip-off preventing, shallow grass multiple links such as decreasing temperature and increasing humidity, research and development after pollination
Go out a set of promotion southern low altitude area potato to blossom and bear fruit, and the method at Effective Regulation florescence.Using the present invention have as
Lower advantage：1st, material can be bloomed knot under the hot environment (night be higher than 20 DEG C-daytime the highest temperature be not less than 35 DEG C) of the 5-6 month
Real, crossbreeding work can be carried out in southern low altitude area；2nd, the controllable florescence, strengthen the chance preparing particular combination；3、
Can kind of blooming period prolonging 20-40d, increase flower synchronization probability obtain more seed；4th, pollination time can choose at random, without specially existing
Morning or dusk.Using this technical system, have in 50 parts of different lines materials 48 parts all can be in (23 DEG C of the hot environment of the 5-6 month
- 35 DEG C of daytimes of night) under bloom；Pollination can persistently proceed to by the end of May from late March, greatly increases hybrid seed quantity；Regulation and control flower
Phase increases meeting rate, has prepared 130 combinations at random, has 100 combination final results seeds, setting efficiency high.Therefore, originally
Invention makes feasible in the development crossbreeding work of southern low altitude area, in January, 2016-June in Mianyang City pine a strip of land between hills
500 meters about of net canopy interior development potato crossbreeding work is pulled out in Zhenghai, harvests about 20,000 true seeds altogether, trains for quickening
Educate high-quality special features potato new varieties to lay the foundation.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is provided in an embodiment of the present invention to improve potato and blossom and bear fruit the method flow diagram of efficiency.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of fixed mount provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the application principle of the present invention is explained in detail.
As shown in figure 1, raising potato provided in an embodiment of the present invention blossoms and bears fruit, the method for efficiency comprises the following steps：
S101：Select potato vernalization：From virus-free potato seed about 30g/ -50g/, at the beginning of 1 month by, late-maturing material one
Half uses 20mg/L gibberellin (GA3) soak 10min, remaining do not deal with, be all put in and sow after vernalization 7d-14d under scattered light；
S102：Sowing prepares：Net canopy is cleared up in advance, front work can not be the solanaceous crops such as potato, tomato, with diseases prevention
Evil；It is to allow plant fully to grow, using the single whole planting potato of single basin, plastic nutrition bowl specification 30 × 30cm, matrix filled by every basin,
By fine earth：Vermiculite：Coconut palm chaff=7:1:2 ratios, and add 50g-80g composite fertilizer in intermediate layer；
S103：Sowing：First every basin is poured permeable, by potato wedges upper seeding in every basin central authorities, depth about 10cm, with 4 row after blinding
For unit longitudinal direction overlay film, with heat and moisture preserving；
S104：Take off film：About 20d about substantially emerging of processing of vernalization, but film need to be taken off again until temperature recovery, typically exist
At the beginning of by the end of February or 3 months, and at this moment can seedling together；
S105：Take fixed mount：Take the shelf of fixing plant, every circumference pelvic fixes 3 bars, be wound around with nylon rope, the number of plies can
Highly adjust according to plant strain growth, forming triangular supports prevents plant lodging or fracture；
S106：Nitrogenous fertilizer and growth regulator are processed：Emerge about 20-30d when typically in mid-March, every basin spills 50g-100g
Nitrogenous fertilizer (urea) arrives basin surrounding, and water leaching, is careful not to direct and plant base portion or blade contact, in case burn seedlings.Supplementing
After nitrogenous fertilizer 7d, spray plant growth regulator 23 μ g/L-48 μ g/L 24-eBL (24- epi-brassinolide)+5mg/L-10mg/L
TDZ (Thidiazuron)+100mg/L-200mg/L GA3, about 15mL/ basin -20mL/ basin；
S107：Pollen collection：Take fresh open flower (flower pesticide breach), spent by beating after indoor airing 4h-6h
Medicine makes pollen shed, and collects pollen in PCR pipe, freezes all effective in being stored in 4 DEG C of uses in a week；
S108：Pollination：Remove, with tweezers, the flower pesticide not opening flower (the non-breach of flower pesticide), note not injuring gynoecium.With one
4-8 flower on individual branch be unit, after completing stamen, with fill clear water little watering can spray flower to can drip when, then will
The pollen collected falls in PCR pipe lid, gently by pistil stigma be embedded in pollen heap viscous take pollen, hang up mark after completing pollination
Male parent and the drop on date；
S109：Anti-fall fruit measure：1d-2d after pollination, prepares 0.1mg/L-0.5mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetate plus 50% carbendazim
Powder sprays, to 1g/L, inflorescence of pollinating；
S110：Shallow grass decreasing temperature and increasing humidity：To mid-May, if wanting to continue to do hybridizes, can be by the weeds around plant to being trimmed to
Within 50cm, improve in plant using them, low layer space environment, play increase humidity reduce temperature be beneficial to setting effect；
S111：Fruit bagging：Naturally come off during for anti-fruit maturation and lose numbering, when fruit diameter reaches 1.5cm
Fruit is inserted in together with drop in special fruit bag or mesh bag and tying；
S112：Fruit harvest：Harvest when berry deliquescing, be hung on indoor after-ripening about 14d-20d and seed is washed out, dry in the air in interior
Do and can preserve under aeration-drying cryogenic conditions 3 years -4 years；
S113：Net canopy manages：Should be noted two aspects, one is late blight preventing and treating it is recommended that medicament：Yin Fali, blue or green frost azoles, April
If rise not finding illness, spraying 1 medicine prevention every 14d, once finding illness spraying control immediately, and spraying again after 7d.
Two is to water in time, and arid is unfavorable for solid and also results in shedding, so needing when continuous 7d no rain manually to water in time.As
Fruit pollinates after watering immediately, then can be without toward column cap work of water sprinkling for better material moisture.
As shown in Fig. 2 the fixed mount of the embodiment of the present invention includes：Fix bar 1, nylon rope 2, nutritive cube 3.
Each nutritive cube 3 surrounding fixes three fix bars 1, and fix bar 1 is wound around with nylon rope 2.
With reference to specific embodiment, the application principle of the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1 growth regulator promotes bud differentiation kind of blooming period prolonging
Wherein 28 parts of materials are tested, every part of material 12 basin.21 portions of material growth regulators process only 2 parts not
Bloom, induced flowering efficiency is 86.36%；Bloom in great numbers (individual plant sky bloom number more than 15 or number of flowers is more than 30)
Material has 11 parts.Bloomed for only 4 parts for 7 parts of materials of comparison with water, flower efficiency is 57.14%, and spend number few, do not bloom numerous
Luxuriant type.Illustrate that HORMONE TREATMENT can not only significantly improve probability of blooming, and bud differentiation can be promoted.Growth regulating as shown in table 1
Agent is processed also has following features：Shorten the time of needs from buddingging to blooming, that is, Accelerate bloom is done sth. in advance；Formed more inflorescences with
Kind of blooming period prolonging, material florescence of process the longest up to 74d, average 45.84d, and the florescence of untreated material the longest only 35d,
Averagely only 26.75d.To combine 48 μ g/L 24-eBL+5mg/L TDZ+100mg/L GA3Treatment effect is optimal.
Because the florescence difference between kind is too greatly so that even if the mean difference between processing is big, but statistically poor
Different notable it is believed that more being caused by kind hereditary difference.In optimization process, what the florescence was the longest is that A6 can reach
74d, what the florescence was the shortest is No. 1287, but also has 36d, so overall growth regulator of getting on very well is to be obviously promoted to bloom and extend flower
Phase.
Table 1 growth regulator is processed to the impact bloomed
Embodiment 2 N fertilization promotes plant strain growth luxuriant
After applied nitrogen, plant strain growth is in great numbers, and multiple materials show as height more than 1.5m, and branch is many and strong.Even if because
Inherent cause and the material downgraded, also grow many branches.Plant strain growth is luxuriant, photosynthesis could be by force to bloom and solid carry
For sufficient nutrition supply, this is to obtain a large amount of seeds to lay the foundation.
Embodiment 3 supplements humidity before pollinating increases percentage of fertile fruit and seed number
Test divides four batch pollinations in upper, middle and lower ten days in April and by the end of May, has prepared 130 combinations at random, has had 100
Combination is final to harvest seed.Corresponding setting and sub-cases are shown in Table 2.Due to the Genetic diffeerence of different Parents, combine
Between percentage of fertile fruit, produced seeds subnumber different, percentage of fertile fruit reaches as high as 100%, and minimum is then 0, and the seed number in single fruit
It is up to 189/, minimum 3/in this test.Percentage of fertile fruit is also greatly subject to epidemic disaster shadow when pollinating simultaneously
Ring.
The environment temperature that humiture recorder during first pollination shows, in 20 DEG C about, humidity 90%, is to fit very much
Close potato pollination and setting condition, average percentage of fertile fruit be 37.5% in four batches highest.Second batch and the 3rd is granted
Epidemic disaster situation during powder is similar, and temperature is all at 25 DEG C about, and humidity is in 50-55%, and for pollination, ambient humidity is inclined
Little.What pollination environmental condition was worst is the 4th batch, humidity as little as 32%, and temperature has exceeded 35 DEG C.But contrast is average
Percentage of fertile fruit and the average seed number of each fruit, find that the percentage of fertile fruit of the 3rd batch and the 4th batch is closer to, and this two batch
Common ground be pollination before increased local humidity with little watering can to column cap atomized water spray.Second batch and the pollination environment phase of the 3rd batch
Seemingly, but because not spraying water before second batch pollination so that its percentage of fertile fruit and seed number are significantly lower than the latter；The pollination environment of the 4th batch is
Difference, but because increasing column cap humidity, thus improve percentage of fertile fruit, or even average seed number is similar to first.Pollination described above
Front supplementary column cap humidity is fully able to alleviate the unfavorable factor of environment, increases percentage of fertile fruit and seed number.
Table 2 different times are pollinated to setting and solid impact
(+++ water whole breeding canopy with water pipe before pollination；+ first with little watering can to column cap atomized water spray, then pollinate；- do not locate
Reason .)
The anti-fruit abscission of growth regulator is sprayed after embodiment 4 pollination
Spray inflorescence within two days after pollination with 0.1mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA)+1g/L carbendazim solution, both prevented because of height
The abscisic acid (ABA) that the environmental factor such as warm, arid causes increases the shedding phenomenon causing, and plays anti-fruit well sick mould again
The effect becoming.Fruit growth situation after pollination 21d is it can be seen that bennet expands healthy and strong no any mark picture that comes off, final results
The fruit of multiple combinations and seed.
The shallow grass humidifying cooling of embodiment 5 improves the solid efficiency under hot environment
4th batch when pollinating by the end of May, maternal bud is divided upper, middle and lower-ranking to pollinate respectively statistics.Keep plant side
Weeds height within 50cm, find weeds association Potato plant in, lower floor's high humidity, and temperature then upper layer is low
2-4℃.During results, the average percentage of fertile fruit of lower floor be slightly below first condition preferably when 37.5%, and the then fruit on upper strata
Real do not have yet.Therefore this method can improve subenvironment so that can award at the end of May in southern low altitude area potato plant
Powder, also can be efficiently solid in June.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of improve potato blossom and bear fruit efficiency method it is characterised in that described raising potato blossoms and bears fruit efficiency
Method include：
(1) select virus-free potato seed, at the beginning of 1 month will partly in, late-maturing material gibberellin soaks；
(2) using single single whole planting potato of basin, matrix filled by every basin, by fine earth：Vermiculite：Coconut palm chaff=7:1:2 ratios；
(3) take the shelf of fixing plant, every circumference pelvic fixes 3 bars, is wound around with nylon rope；
(4) nitrogenous fertilizer and growth regulator are processed：When emerging, every basin spills nitrogenous fertilizer to basin surrounding, and water leaching；After supplementing nitrogenous fertilizer, spray
Apply plant growth regulator；
(5) with fill clear water little watering can spray flower to can drip when, then by collect pollen fall in PCR pipe lid, by gynoecium
Column cap is embedded in glue in pollen heap and takes pollen；
(6), after pollinating, prepare the solution containing methyl α-naphthyl acetate and carbendazim and spray inflorescence of pollinating；
(7) to mid-May, weeds are pruned within 50cm.
2. as claimed in claim 1 improve potato blossom and bear fruit efficiency method it is characterised in that select virus-free potato seed
Soak 10min with 20mg/L gibberellin.
3. as claimed in claim 1 improve potato blossom and bear fruit efficiency method it is characterised in that plastic nutrition bowl specification
30 × 30cm, matrix filled by every basin, by fine earth：Vermiculite：Coconut palm chaff=7:1:2 ratios, and add 50g-80g to be combined in intermediate layer
Fertile.
4. as claimed in claim 1 improve potato blossom and bear fruit efficiency method it is characterised in that every basin spills 50g-100g
To basin surrounding, water nitrogenous fertilizer leaching；After supplementing nitrogenous fertilizer 7d, spray plant growth regulator 23 μ g/L-48 μ g/L 24-eBL+
5mg/L-10mg/LTDZ+100mg/L-200mg/L GA3, 15mL/ basin -20mL/ basin.
5. as claimed in claim 1 improve potato blossom and bear fruit efficiency method it is characterised in that pollination after 1d-2d, join
Solution processed：0.1mg/L-0.5mg/L methyl α-naphthyl acetate+1g/L50% carbendazim, sprays inflorescence of pollinating.
6. a kind of as claimed in claim 1 improve potato blossom and bear fruit efficiency method use fixed mount it is characterised in that
Described fixed mount includes：Fix bar, nylon rope, nutritive cube；
3 fix bars are fixed, fix bar nylon rope is wound around around each nutritive cube.
7. a kind of application as described in Claims 1 to 5 any one improve potato blossom and bear fruit efficiency method potato
Breeding method.
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| CN201610850431.6A CN106416702A (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2016-09-26 | Method for increasing flowering and setting efficiency of potato |
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| CN106717257A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 佛山迅拓奥科技有限公司 | A kind of method for promoting hot environment Potato to blossom and bear fruit |
| CN107155874A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-15 | 宁夏农林科学院农业生物技术研究中心 | A kind of utilization Anther Culture obtains the method and its culture medium of Dihaploid Potato plant |
| CN107238921A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-10-10 | 内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院 | A kind of adjustable plant hybridization amplification observation device |
| CN108323433A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-27 | 黑龙江省农业科学院生物技术研究所 | A method of prolonging the florescence, promotees solid efficient potato crossbreeding |
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| CN108323433A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-27 | 黑龙江省农业科学院生物技术研究所 | A method of prolonging the florescence, promotees solid efficient potato crossbreeding |
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Application publication date: 20170222 |