CN103477876B - A kind of method of potato crossbreeding - Google Patents
A kind of method of potato crossbreeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN103477876B CN103477876B CN201310433057.6A CN201310433057A CN103477876B CN 103477876 B CN103477876 B CN 103477876B CN 201310433057 A CN201310433057 A CN 201310433057A CN 103477876 B CN103477876 B CN 103477876B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of potato crossbreeding, comprise the following steps: prepare the scion of potato and the stock of tomato; By the stock of the scion grafting of potato to tomato; Until plant survives, bloom, carry out hybridization pollination.The present invention utilizes tomato indeterminate growth characteristic and potato flowering habit, improved by graft technology and regulate potato flowering stage and flowering quality, and hybridization pollination is carried out in tomato-potato grafting strain, improve and be hybridized to power efficiency, efficiently solve flowering asynchronism in potato crossover process, florescence short, the not high phenomenon of percentage of fertile fruit, and improve part potato parent flowering habit to a certain extent.The present invention is simple to operate, success rate and efficiency high, be suitable for field flowering naturally Potatoes and proceed to the conventional sexual hybridization breeding work of indoor judicious mating and potato, there is far-reaching dynamogenetic value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Potato Breeding technical field, particularly relate to a kind of method of potato crossbreeding.
Background technology
Along with the development of graft technology, break through the breeding meaning that it is traditional already, and be widely used in plant cultivation production, the aspect such as breeding practice and fundamental research, in fruit tree, solanaceous vegetable, cotton, mentor method is adopted to create many mentor hybrids (namely pass by said asexual hybrid) in the plants such as soybean, when adopting mentor method to carry out graft hybridization, if using stock as mentor, scion is as by mentor, so just necessarily require that children's hybrid seedling in age is taken from scion, and stock must be aged in stage, and constantly to extract the blade of scion after grafting, and make the branches and leaves raised growth of stock, this and general propagation by grafiting method fundamental difference, or even it is antipodal, present research shows, mentor method is adopted to carry out the mechanism mainly genetic transformation of graft hybridization, namely the transfer of genetic material in stock is also incorporated in the chromosome set of scion growing point cell, this is with " Exogenous DNA transfered plant technology ", L.B. the mechanism of technology is similar, this means to adopt graft hybridization can not only cultivate colourful grafting chimaera, the mentor hybrid of similar genetically modified plants can also be cultivated, and method simple practical, it is a breeding methods that can not be ignored.
Flowering asynchronism, florescence short, the not high phenomenon of percentage of fertile fruit is easily there is in potato crossover process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the embodiment of the present invention is a kind of method providing potato crossbreeding, is intended to solve in potato crossover process easily occur flowering asynchronism, the problem that the florescence is short, percentage of fertile fruit is not high.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of method of potato crossbreeding, and the method for described potato crossbreeding comprises the following steps:
Prepare the scion of potato and the stock of tomato;
By the stock of the scion grafting of potato to tomato;
Until plant survives, bloom, carry out hybridization pollination.
Further, the scion of potato and the stock of tomato is prepared, in late May, the seed of the tomato variety of the good robust growth of disease resistance is selected to sow in a potato vernalization in month in advance, keep the soil humidity that is applicable to and temperature, fast germination, enforcement grafting when by the time growing to base raw scapus 0.5cm.
Further, the grafting of tomato and potato, the potato seedling chosen has been grubbed out, the seedling of tomato is from the overhead horizontal truncated of about two centimeters, and cut together with axillalry bud cutting the leaf sentencing lower life, a longitudinal incision is cut from the centre of stock stem, again by the tubbiness that chooses and the scion seedling of stalwartness, below 3-4 sheet leaf is stayed to cut from terminal bud, grafting adopts sharp shaver as well, cleft graft is used to carry out grafting combination, in the smooth interface that stock open center rip cutting 1-2cm is dark, again the potato scion cutting into two-sided wedge shape is inserted the otch of tomato anvil, and it is clamping fixed with vegetable grafting.
Further, the hybridization pollination of grafting plant, select performance the Characters good stand as female parent according to different purposes, deposit separately, the stamen in maternal flower is removed, pollinating the previous day, gather the fresh flower of male parent opening on the same day, flower pesticide is taken off to be placed on template and dries, within second day, with sieve, pollen is separated from flower pesticide, only retain maternal flower, in the morning, at dusk and continuous 3 pollinations of morning.
The method of potato crossbreeding of the present invention, utilize tomato indeterminate growth characteristic and potato flowering habit, improved by graft technology and regulate potato flowering stage and flowering quality, and hybridization pollination is carried out in tomato-potato grafting strain, improve and be hybridized to power efficiency, efficiently solve flowering asynchronism in potato crossover process, florescence short, the not high phenomenon of percentage of fertile fruit, and improve part potato parent flowering habit to a certain extent.The present invention is simple to operate, success rate and efficiency high, be suitable for field flowering naturally Potatoes and proceed to the conventional sexual hybridization breeding work of indoor judicious mating and potato, there is far-reaching dynamogenetic value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the potato crossbreeding that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the flow process of the method for potato crossbreeding provided by the invention.For convenience of explanation, illustrate only part related to the present invention.
The method of potato crossbreeding of the present invention, the method for this potato crossbreeding comprises the following steps:
Prepare the scion of potato and the stock of tomato;
By the stock of the scion grafting of potato to tomato;
Until plant survives, bloom, carry out hybridization pollination.
As a prioritization scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, prepare the scion of potato and the stock of tomato, in late May, the seed of the tomato variety of the good robust growth of disease resistance is selected to sow in a potato vernalization in month in advance, keep applicable soil humidity and temperature, fast germination, implements grafting when by the time growing to the raw scapus 0.5cm of base.
As a prioritization scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, the grafting of tomato and potato, the potato seedling chosen has been grubbed out, the seedling of tomato is from the overhead horizontal truncated of about two centimeters, and cut together with axillalry bud cutting the leaf sentencing lower life, a longitudinal incision is cut from the centre of stock stem, again by the tubbiness that chooses and the scion seedling of stalwartness, below 3-4 sheet leaf is stayed to cut from terminal bud, grafting adopts sharp shaver as well, cleft graft is used to carry out grafting combination, in the smooth interface that stock open center rip cutting 1-2cm is dark, again the potato scion cutting into two-sided wedge shape is inserted the otch of tomato anvil, and it is clamping fixed with vegetable grafting.
As a prioritization scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, the hybridization pollination of grafting plant, select performance the Characters good stand as female parent according to different purposes, deposit separately, the stamen in maternal flower is removed, pollinating the previous day, gather the fresh flower of male parent opening on the same day, flower pesticide is taken off to be placed on template and dries, within second day, with sieve, pollen is separated from flower pesticide, only retain maternal flower, in the morning, at dusk and continuous 3 pollinations of morning.
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, application principle of the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the method for the potato crossbreeding of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
S101: prepare the scion of potato and the stock of tomato;
S102: by the stock of the scion grafting of potato to tomato;
S103: until plant survives, bloom, carries out hybridization pollination.
The concrete steps of the embodiment of the present invention are:
The first step, cultivation stock and scion; Stock and scion are the bases of grafting, also be the key affecting graft survival rate, in late May, the seed of the tomato variety of the good robust growth of disease resistance is selected to sow in potato vernalization in about one month in advance, keep the soil humidity that is applicable to and temperature, allow its fast germination, when by the time growing to the raw scapus 0.5cm of base, just can implement grafting, this, seedling of tomato grew to 7-8 centimetre high time, and the seedling of potato also grows 5-8 leaf;
Second step, plant grafting: the potato seedling chosen has been grubbed out, take stock growth place, again by the tomato seedling (thickness of stem is similar with scion) that chooses from the overhead horizontal truncated of about two centimeters, and cut together with axillalry bud cutting the leaf sentencing lower life, a longitudinal incision is cut from the centre of stock stem, again by the tubbiness that chooses and the scion seedling of stalwartness, below 3-4 sheet leaf is stayed to cut from terminal bud, , grafting generally adopts sharp shaver as well, cleft graft is used to carry out grafting combination, in the smooth interface that stock open center rip cutting 1-2cm is dark, again the potato scion cutting into two-sided wedge shape is inserted the otch of tomato anvil, and it is clamping fixed with vegetable grafting, under normal circumstances, just can healing of wound about two weeks, obtain the tomato-potato grafting strain needed, the crossbreeding cycle can be shortened greatly, grafting aspect is in practice successful substantially, its survival rate 80%,
3rd step, selection female parent: select performance the Characters good stand as female parent according to different purposes, deposit separately;
4th step, emasculation: for preventing selfing from producing fruit, the stamen in maternal flower is removed;
5th step, adopt powder: in pollination the previous day, gather open fresh flower on male parent same day, flower pesticide is taken off to be placed on template and dries, within second day, with sieve, pollen is separated from flower pesticide;
6th step, flower thinning: remove all the other flowers, only retain maternal flower;
7th step, repeat pollination: in the morning, at dusk and continuous 3 pollinations of morning.
The present invention is also suitable for field flowering naturally Potatoes and proceeds to indoor judicious mating and the conventional sexual hybridization breeding work of potato, is worth studying application further.
Potato and tomato belong to plant of Solanaceae together, the present invention utilizes tomato (stock) indeterminate growth characteristic and potato (scion) flowering habit, improved by graft technology and regulate potato flowering stage and flowering quality, and hybridization pollination is carried out in tomato-potato grafting strain, result shows that being hybridized to power efficiency significantly improves, efficiently solve flowering asynchronism in potato crossover process, florescence is short, the not high phenomenon of percentage of fertile fruit, and improve part potato parent flowering habit to a certain extent, potato cross breeding method is carried out by pomato grafting, workable, success rate and efficiency high, practicality is stronger.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a method for potato crossbreeding, is characterized in that, the method for described potato crossbreeding comprises the following steps:
Prepare the scion of potato and the stock of tomato;
By the stock of the scion grafting of potato to tomato;
Until plant survives, bloom, carry out hybridization pollination;
Prepare the scion of potato and the stock of tomato, in late May, select the seed of the tomato variety of the good robust growth of disease resistance to sow in a potato vernalization in month in advance, keep applicable soil humidity and temperature, fast germination, implements grafting when by the time growing to the raw scapus 0.5cm of base;
The grafting of tomato and potato, the potato seedling chosen has been grubbed out, the seedling of tomato is from the overhead horizontal truncated of about two centimeters, and cut together with axillalry bud cutting the leaf sentencing lower life, a longitudinal incision is cut from the centre of stock stem, again by the tubbiness that chooses and the scion seedling of stalwartness, below 3-4 sheet leaf is stayed to cut from terminal bud, grafting adopts sharp shaver as well, cleft graft is used to carry out grafting combination, in the smooth interface that stock open center rip cutting 1-2cm is dark, again the potato scion cutting into two-sided wedge shape is inserted the otch of tomato anvil, and it is clamping fixed with vegetable grafting,
Select performance the Characters good stand as female parent according to different purposes, deposit separately, stamen in maternal flower is removed, pollinating the previous day, gather the fresh flower of male parent opening on the same day, flower pesticide is taken off to be placed on template and dries, within second day, with sieve, pollen is separated from flower pesticide, only retain maternal flower, in the morning, at dusk and continuous 3 pollinations of morning.
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| CN201310433057.6A CN103477876B (en) | 2013-09-23 | 2013-09-23 | A kind of method of potato crossbreeding |
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| CN201310433057.6A CN103477876B (en) | 2013-09-23 | 2013-09-23 | A kind of method of potato crossbreeding |
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| CN103477876B true CN103477876B (en) | 2016-01-13 |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104737830B (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2017-05-03 | 河北北方学院 | Method for solving infertility of potato varieties serving as hybrid female parents |
| CN106342677A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2017-01-25 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所 | Multi-line hybrid breeding method and application thereof |
| CN105052724A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-18 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for improving self-pollination seed setting percentage of diploid potatoes and application of method |
| CN107517740B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2022-07-29 | 陈耕石 | Method for producing virus-free seed potatoes |
| CN106305156A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 河南省农业科学院 | Method for improving potato and tomato grafting survival rate |
| CN106212062A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-14 | 河南省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of method improving Rhizoma Solani tuber osi and Fructus Capsici graft survival rate |
| CN106416702A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-22 | 绵阳市农业科学研究院 | Method for increasing flowering and setting efficiency of potato |
| CN107787698A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-13 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of production method for the seed potato for avoiding soil-borne disease from infecting |
| CN108834604B (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2021-01-15 | 河北北方学院 | Distant hybridization method for potato tetraploid cultivars and diploid wild species |
| CN112544434A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-26 | 青海省农林科学院 | Breeding method of potato capable of resisting potato late blight |
| CN114916433B (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2023-09-05 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of high-quality disease-resistant hybrid broccoli |
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| CN103004479A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-03 | 袁宇超 | Grafting method for pomatoes |
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| CN1356022A (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2002-07-03 | 何流 | Method for grafting mentor seeding to solanaceous crops |
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