CN101785426B - Cultivation and application of huabei all-female No.2 variety of all-female huabei type cucumber - Google Patents
Cultivation and application of huabei all-female No.2 variety of all-female huabei type cucumber Download PDFInfo
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- CN101785426B CN101785426B CN2010100176725A CN201010017672A CN101785426B CN 101785426 B CN101785426 B CN 101785426B CN 2010100176725 A CN2010100176725 A CN 2010100176725A CN 201010017672 A CN201010017672 A CN 201010017672A CN 101785426 B CN101785426 B CN 101785426B
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Abstract
The invention relates to cultivation and application of huabei all-female No. 2 variety of an all-female huabei type cucumber, which belong to the field of biotechnology breeding. The cultivation comprises the steps of: crossing all-female European greenhouse type cucumber EC1 with hermaphrodite huabei type cucumber P02, backcrossing the obtained F1 with the PO2, selecting all-female single plants from the backcross generation and performing continuous backcross with the hermaphrodite huabei type cucumber P02 to generate four generations; selecting the all-female single plants from BC4F1 to perform selfing; selecting the all-female single plants from BC4F2 to perform continuous selfing; and finally, selecting the all-female plants from BC4F3 and allowing the cucumbers of the plants to perform mixed pollination to obtain a new all-female huabei type cucumber variety, namely huabei all-female No.2 variety which grows quickly and has excellent quality and high yield. An all-female cucumber variety with high seed purity and relatively strong hybrid vigor can be obtained by crossing the cucumbers of the huabei all-female No.2 variety and the commonly cultivated cucumbers.
Description
One, technical field
Complete female No. 2 cultivation and the application in type cucumber North China, the complete female North China of the present invention belongs to the biotechnology breeding field, is exclusively used in and cultivates the allfemale type new breeds of cucumbers.
Two, background technology
Cucumber is one of main vegetable crop of global common cultivated, and its area under cultivation ranks first in China protection ground vegetables, has a very important role to guaranteeing China vegetables anniversary stable market supply aspect.
Cucumber is the therophytes of the different flower of monoecism.In the seedling phase bud just taking place, and carries out the sexual type differentiation of bud.Flower is generally unisexual flower, but have except that female flower, male flower, also have perfect flower.Its plant sexual type has: pure female plant, monoecism, pure staminiferous plant,, pure complete stool, andromonoecy, the full homophyletic of male and female.Wherein with pure female plant and monoecism be the master (JackE.Staub, Matthew D.Robbins, Todd C.Wehner.Vegetables I.Handbook of PlantBreeding. [M] .Springer New York, 2008:250).With regard to kind or strain system, pure female plant system, pure strong female plant system, female series, female complete stool system, male complete stool system, strain system, pure male and female plant system, pure staminiferous plant system etc. are fully arranged roughly. wherein female series and male and female plant are to be widely used.(Zhang Chunping, what is flat, Qu Zhicai, etc. silver nitrate is to the male effect of luring of cucumber female series. Southwestern University's journal (natural science edition), 2007,29 (2): 49～52).
The sexual type of cucumber is the key factor that influences its output, and the allfemale type cucumber is meant that plant only opens female flower and do not open the strain of male flower, often shows advantages such as precocity, melon are close, high yield.In addition, utilize allfemale type cucumber system half-blood to need not to castrate, practiced thrift the labour, reduced breeding cost, made half-blooded purity is very high.The half-blood that does maternal preparation with the allfemale type cucumber also multilist existing precocious, female flower is many, adopt advantage such as concentrated, high yield of melon phase.Therefore the seed selection of allfemale type cucumber just becomes important research contents in the breed cucumber with application.But the allfemale type kind of present domestic cucumber mainly is the European greenhouse type cucumber from external introduction, and the ecotype is comparatively single, can not satisfy the needs of production and breeding.
This seminar early-stage Study finds, the gynoecy shape of cucumber is mainly by a pair of nuclear gene control, complete female to weak female be dominance.When the gynoecy site was in homozygotic state, the performance of gynoecy shape was stable, is not vulnerable to Effect of Environmental such as light temperature.And when the gynoecy site is in heterozygous state; The performance of its gynoecy shape and genetic background have certain relation; The stable gynoecy of performance during part ecotype heterozygosis, and the part ecotype is subject to Effect of Environmental such as light temperature in addition, the incomplete dominance characteristic occurs; A spot of male flower occurs at the plant base portion, but overall female performance is all very strong.(Lou Qunfeng; The cloning and expression research [M] of cucumber gynoecy gene molecule marker and acc synthase gene. 2004 doctorate papers) so; Through hybridize with the female series cucumber, backcross, the mode of selfing, be cucumber to the transformation of gynoecy gene to non-gynoecy in the middle of, be to cultivate female stable new breeds of cucumbers; Widen the ecotype of allfemale type cucumber, improve the favourable approach of the availability of allfemale type cucumber.
Three, summary of the invention
Technical problem
The cucumber variety resource that The present invention be directed to current complete female North China type is few; Environmental abundant inadequately present situation; At the cucumber female gene is on the basis of dominance nuclear gene, makes full use of the kind that this gene increases the female series cucumber, to improve the parent material of cucumber yield, increase breeding.
Technical scheme
Complete female No. 2 breeding method in type cucumber North China, complete female North China comprises:
1) allfemale type cucumber
The cucumber half-blood Deltastar that buys by Dutch Rijk Zwaan company, through 6 generation selfed breeding go out stable female series EC1, EC1 is European greenhouse type cucumber; Be that the allfemale type height that isozygotys of female gene is for inbred line; Its growing way is medium, main climing long 2-2.5 rice, the long 7-9 of internode centimetre; Average leaf area is 20 * 21 centimetres, leaf green, nearly triangle; The commodity melon is green, cylindrical, the long 14-16 of melon centimetre, and the thick 2.5-3 of melon centimetre, the smooth stingless or few thorn of fruit surface, master is climing all can tie melon, plants melon and is yellow green;
2) monoecism type cucumber
The stable height that is obtained through 6 generations of selfing by Tianjin spring No. 5 cucumber varieties is for inbred line P02, and P02 is a North China type cucumber, monoecism, and the plant growing way is strong; The long 10.5-13 of internode centimetre, the thick 0.6-0.75 of stem centimetre, average leaf area is 22 * 20 centimetres, and leaf is dark green; Being heart-shaped five jiaos, is main with main climing knot melon, and the commodity melon is green, and it is bar-shaped that sugar-preserved gourd is; Melon thorn white, quantity is medium, and the long 39-46 of melon centimetre, wide 4.0-4.5 centimetre;
3) complete female gene transformation:
With allfemale type cucumber EC1 and monoecism type cucumber P02 soak seed simultaneously, vernalization, sowing, field planting and the management of normal plant;
In flowering stage, be maternal with EC1, be male parent with P02; Hybridize F1, concrete operations are: in pollination noon before that day, the female flower flower bud of the EC1 that will open in second day and the male flower flower bud of P02 are overlapped the flower isolation; That morning 8 points of blooming; The male flower pollen of P02 is awarded on the female flower column cap of EC1,3 male flowers are awarded a female flower, and continue the female flower after the pollination was isolated three days;
Hybrid F1 and P02 cucumber are backcrossed, select the complete female individual plant in the backcross progeny to continue to backcross then, to the 4 generation BC4F1 that backcross with the P02 cucumber;
Select the complete female individual plant of BC4F1 to carry out silver nitrate and lure male the processing; Concrete operations are: when complete female plant grew to 5-6 sheet true leaf, the plant that bud do not occur or the male flower flower bud do not occur was the allfemale type plant, use about 4 in the afternoon concentration as the silver nitrate aqueous solution of 300mg/L to stem apex and foliar spray; Till being covered with little water droplet to blade; Every handled once at a distance from three days, the processing secondary then should complete female individual plant carries out selfing and gets BC4F2;
In BC4F2, continue to select complete female individual plant to lure hero, selfing gets BC4F3;
In BC4F3, selecting the strain system of allfemale type, is interior selfing with plant by luring at 1: 1 behind the hero, and the seed of being received is allfemale type new breeds of cucumbers North China complete female No. 2, and North China female No. 2 plant entirely is allfemale type; The plant growing way is strong, and the long 10-12.5 of internode centimetre, the thick 0.6-0.75 of stem centimetre, leaf green; Average maximum blade area is 23 * 22 centimetres, and first female flower joint position is at the 7-11 joint, and later every joint all has a female flower to occur, and the commodity melon is bar-shaped; Green, melon thorn white, quantity is medium; Average the long 22-26 of melon centimetre, thick 3-4 centimetre, master is climing all can tie melon.
The selection criteria of complete female individual plant is: complete stool is female flower up and down, none male flower.
The complete female breeding method that is used for cucumber hybrid for No. 2 in type cucumber North China, complete female North China comprises:
Plant by 3: 1 kinds with the common cultivation cucumber for complete female No. 2 in North China, and carry out normal plant and manage, and isolates in flowering stage; Be female parent complete female No. 2 with North China then; The common cultivation cucumber is that male parent is carried out artificial pollination or honeybee pollination, and complete female No. 2 ripening fruits in the North China of gathering treats that cuing open melon after the fruit after-ripening washes seed; With seed airing oven dry, promptly obtain highly purified first generation of hybrid seed.
Beneficial effect:
Complete female No. 2 cultivation and the application method thereof in type cucumber North China, the complete female North China of the present invention compared with prior art, has following advantage and good effect:
The present invention be utilize hybridization, many generations backcross and the mode of selfing with the transformation of gynoecy gene in the middle of the type cucumber P02 of monoecism type North China.The complete female No. 2 gynoecy shapes in thus obtained new breeds of cucumbers North China can genetic stability, and with the proterties basically identical of backcross parent P02.Through the method, be stable complete female North China type new breeds of cucumbers with the North China type cucumber transformation of a monoecism type.Widen the ecotype of allfemale type cucumber thus, improved the output of cucumber, increased the parent material of the F1 that crossbreeds.
Through field observation, new breeds of cucumbers North China is allfemale type complete female No. 2, and the plant growing way is strong, the long 10-12.5 of internode centimetre; The thick 0.6-0.75 of stem centimetre, leaf green, average maximum blade area is 23 * 22 centimetres, first female flower joint position is saved at 7-11; Later every joint all has a female flower to occur, and the commodity melon is bar-shaped, green, melon thorn white; Quantity is medium, and average the long 22-26 of melon centimetre, thick 3-4 centimetre, master is climing all can tie melon.North China can be used as good cultivar complete female No. 2, also can be used as parent's hybridization generation seed.
Four, description of drawings
The complete female No. 2 cultivation technology path figure in type cucumber North China, the complete female North China of Fig. 1.
The biomaterial preservation
Complete female No. 2 of type cucumber North China, complete female North China, on December 17th, 2009 was preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center, and preserving number is CGMCC NO.3528, classification called after cucumber (Cucumissativus).
Five, embodiment
Complete female No. 2 breeding method in type cucumber North China, complete female North China comprises:
1, parent's source and proterties: (following character description reference: Li Xixiang, Zhu Dewei, etc. cucumber germplasm resource description standard and data standard [M]. Beijing: Chinese agriculture publishing house, 2005.8-34)
1) allfemale type cucumber
The cucumber half-blood Deltastar that buys by Dutch Rijk Zwaan company, through 6 generation selfed breeding go out stable female series EC1, EC1 is European greenhouse type cucumber, be the allfemale type height that isozygotys of female gene for inbred line, its growing way is medium, main climing long 2-2.5 rice; The long 7-9 of internode centimetre; Average leaf area is 20 * 21 centimetres, leaf green, and nearly triangle, commodity melon are green, cylindrical, the long 14-16 of melon centimetre, the thick 2.5-3 of melon centimetre, the smooth stingless or few thorn of fruit surface, master is climing all can tie melon, plants melon and is yellow green.
2) monoecism type cucumber
The stable height that is obtained through 6 generations of selfing by Tianjin spring No. 5 cucumber varieties is for inbred line P02, and P02 is a North China type cucumber, monoecism, and the plant growing way is strong; The long 10.5-13 of internode centimetre, the thick 0.6-0.75 of stem centimetre, average leaf area is 22 * 20 centimetres, and leaf is dark green; Being heart-shaped five jiaos, is main with main climing knot melon, and the commodity melon is green, and it is bar-shaped that sugar-preserved gourd is; Melon thorn white, quantity is medium, and the long 39-46 of melon centimetre, wide 4.0-4.5 centimetre.
2, the concrete transformation process of complete female gene:
With allfemale type cucumber EC1 and monoecism type cucumber P02 soak seed simultaneously, vernalization, sowing, field planting and the management of normal plant.
In flowering stage, be maternal with EC1, be male parent with P02; Hybridize F1, concrete operations are: in pollination noon before that day, the female flower flower bud of the EC1 that will open in second day and the male flower flower bud of P02 are overlapped the flower isolation; That morning 8 points of blooming; The male flower pollen of P02 is awarded on the female flower column cap of EC1,3 male flowers are awarded a female flower, and continue the female flower after the pollination was isolated three days.
Hybrid F1 and P02 cucumber are backcrossed, select the complete female individual plant in the backcross progeny to continue to backcross then, to the 4 generation BC4F1 that backcross with the P02 cucumber.
Select the complete female individual plant of BC4F1 to carry out silver nitrate and lure male the processing; Concrete operations are: when complete female plant grew to 5-6 sheet true leaf, the plant that bud do not occur or the male flower flower bud do not occur was the allfemale type plant, use about 4 in the afternoon concentration as the silver nitrate aqueous solution of 300mg/L to stem apex and foliar spray; Till being covered with little water droplet to blade; Every handled once at a distance from three days, the processing secondary then should complete female individual plant carries out selfing and gets BC4F2.
In BC4F2, continue to select complete female individual plant to lure hero, selfing gets BC4F3.
In BC4F3, selecting the strain system of allfemale type, is interior selfing with plant by luring at 1: 1 behind the hero, and the seed of being received is allfemale type new breeds of cucumbers North China female No. 2 entirely.
3, complete female No. 2 characteristic in allfemale type new breeds of cucumbers North China:
North China has the proterties of North China type cucumber P02 complete female No. 2 basically, but also has the proterties of indivedual EC1, and some middle or ultra close proterties.
Complete female No. 2 plant in North China are allfemale type, and the plant growing way is strong, the long 10-12.5 of internode centimetre, and the thick 0.6-0.75 of stem centimetre; Leaf green, average maximum blade area is 23 * 22 centimetres, and first female flower joint position is at the 7-11 joint, and later every joint all has a female flower to occur; The commodity melon is bar-shaped, green, and melon thorn white, quantity is medium; Average the long 22-26 of melon centimetre, thick 3-4 centimetre, master is climing all can tie melon.
4, complete female No. 2 application in allfemale type new breeds of cucumbers North China:
Plant by 3: 1 kinds with the high common cultivation cucumber of coordinate force for complete female No. 2 in North China, and carry out normal plant and manage.Isolating in flowering stage, is female parent complete female No. 2 with North China then, and the common cultivation cucumber is that male parent is carried out artificial pollination or honeybee pollination.Complete female No. 2 ripening fruits in North China of gathering treats that cuing open melon after the fruit after-ripening washes seed, with seed airing oven dry, promptly obtains highly purified first generation of hybrid seed.
Claims (1)
1. the complete female breeding method that is used for cucumber hybrid for No. 2 in type cucumber North China, complete female North China comprises:
Complete female No. 2 CGMCC NO.3528 in North China and common cultivation cucumber are planted by 3: 1 kinds, and carry out normal plant management, isolate in flowering stage; Be female parent complete female No. 2 with North China then; The common cultivation cucumber is that male parent is carried out artificial pollination or honeybee pollination, and complete female No. 2 ripening fruits in the North China of gathering treats that cuing open melon after the fruit after-ripening washes seed; With seed airing oven dry, promptly obtain highly purified first generation of hybrid seed.
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| CN109601367B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-10-08 | 南京农业大学 | The breeding method of downy mildew resistance cucumber interspecific hybrid new varieties and application |
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