CN101755671B - Cultivation and application of full-female American sliced cucumber (American-female 09) - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the cultivation and the application of a full-female American sliced cucumber (American-female 09), belonging to the field of biotechnology breeding. A full-female European greenhouse cucumber EC1 is crossbred with a synoicous American sliced cucumber 627, and the obtained F1 is backcrossed with the 627; a full-female single plant selected from backcrossed offsprings is backcrossed with the synoicous cucumber parent 627 for 3 consecutive generations; the full-female single plants of BC3F1 are inbred, and the full-female single plants are selected from BC3F2 for continuous inbreeding; finally, a plant system of full-female plants are selected from BC3F3, and mixed pollination is carried out on the cucumbers in the plant system, so as to obtain a new product of the full-female American sliced cucumber (American-female 09) with high growth potential, excellent quality and high yield. The full-female cucumber with high seed purity and high heterosis can be obtained by crossbreeding the American-female 09 cucumber plant with the generally-cultivated cucumber plant.

Description

The cultivation and the application of complete female U.S. sliced cucumber U.S. female 09

One, technical field

The cultivation and the application of the complete female U.S. of the present invention sliced cucumber U.S. female 09 belong to the biotechnology breeding field, are exclusively used in to cultivate the allfemale type new breeds of cucumbers.

Two, background technology

Cucumber is one of main vegetable crop of global common cultivated, and its area under cultivation ranks first in China protection ground vegetables, has a very important role to guaranteeing China vegetables anniversary stable market supply aspect.

Cucumber is the therophytes of the different flower of monoecism.In the seedling phase bud just taking place, and carries out the sexual type differentiation of bud.Flower is generally unisexual flower, but have except that female flower, male flower, also have perfect flower.Its plant sexual type has: pure female plant, monoecism, pure staminiferous plant,, pure complete stool, andromonoecy, the full homophyletic of male and female.Wherein with pure female plant and monoecism be the master (JackE.Staub, Matthew D.Robbins, Todd C.Wehner.Vegetables I.Handbook of PlantBreeding. [M] .Springer New York, 2008:250).With regard to kind or strain system, pure female plant system, pure strong female plant system, female series, female complete stool system, male complete stool system, strain system, pure male and female plant system, pure staminiferous plant system etc. are fully arranged roughly. wherein female series and male and female plant are to be widely used.(Zhang Chunping, what is flat, Qu Zhicai, etc. silver nitrate is to the male effect of luring of cucumber female series. Southwestern University's journal (natural science edition), 2007,29 (2): 49～52).

The sexual type of cucumber is the key factor that influences its output, and the allfemale type cucumber is meant that plant only opens female flower and do not open the strain of male flower, often shows advantages such as precocity, melon are close, high yield.In addition, utilize allfemale type cucumber system half-blood to need not to castrate, practiced thrift the labour, reduced breeding cost, made half-blooded purity is very high.The half-blood that does maternal preparation with the allfemale type cucumber also multilist existing precocious, female flower is many, adopt advantage such as concentrated, high yield of melon phase.Therefore the seed selection of allfemale type cucumber just becomes important research contents in the breed cucumber with application.But the allfemale type kind of present domestic cucumber mainly is the European greenhouse type cucumber from external introduction, and the ecotype is comparatively single, can not satisfy the needs of production and breeding.

This seminar early-stage Study finds, the gynoecy shape of cucumber is mainly by a pair of nuclear gene control, complete female to weak female be dominance.When the gynoecy site was in homozygotic state, the performance of gynoecy shape was stable, is not vulnerable to Effect of Environmental such as light temperature.And when the gynoecy site is in heterozygous state; The performance of its gynoecy shape and genetic background have certain relation; The stable gynoecy of performance during part ecotype heterozygosis, and the part ecotype is subject to Effect of Environmental such as light temperature in addition, the incomplete dominance characteristic occurs; A spot of male flower occurs at the plant base portion, but overall female performance is all very strong.(Lou Qunfeng; The cloning and expression research [M] of cucumber gynoecy gene molecule marker and acc synthase gene. 2004 doctorate papers) so; Through hybridize with the female series cucumber, backcross, the mode of selfing, be cucumber to the transformation of gynoecy gene to non-gynoecy in the middle of, be to cultivate female stable new breeds of cucumbers; Widen the ecotype of allfemale type cucumber, improve the favourable approach of the availability of allfemale type cucumber.

Three, summary of the invention

Technical problem

The cucumber variety resource that The present invention be directed to current complete female U.S. section type is few; Environmental abundant inadequately present situation; At the cucumber female gene is on the basis of dominance nuclear gene, makes full use of the kind that this gene increases the female series cucumber, to improve the parent material of cucumber yield, increase breeding.

Technical scheme

The breeding method of complete female U.S. sliced cucumber U.S. female 09 comprises:

1) allfemale type cucumber

The cucumber half-blood Deltastar that buys by Dutch Rijk Zwaan company, through 6 generation selfed breeding go out stable female series EC1, EC1 is European greenhouse type cucumber; Be that the allfemale type height that isozygotys of female gene is for inbred line; Its growing way is medium, main climing long 2-2.5 rice, the long 7-9 of internode centimetre; Average leaf area is 20 * 21 centimetres, leaf green, nearly triangle; The commodity melon is green, cylindrical, the long 14-16 of melon centimetre, and the thick 2.5-3 of melon centimetre, the smooth stingless or few thorn of fruit surface, master is climing all can tie melon, plants melon and is yellow green;

2) monoecism type cucumber

The 627th, the stable height that is obtained by 7 generations of cucumber commodity kind Poinsett 97 selfings is for inbred line, and 627 is U.S.'s sliced cucumber, monoecism, and the plant growing way is strong; The long 9.5-12.5 of internode centimetre, the thick 0.75-0.9 of stem centimetre, average leaf area is 22 * 23 centimetres, dark green leaf; Being heart-shaped five jiaos, is main with main climing knot melon, commodity melon bottle green, and sugar-preserved gourd is extremely short; Cylindrical, melon stings sparse white, and the long 14.5-17.5 of melon centimetre, wide 4.0-4.7 centimetre;

3) complete female gene transformation:

With allfemale type cucumber EC1 and monoecism type cucumber 627 soak seed simultaneously, vernalization, sowing, field planting and the management of normal plant;

In flowering stage, be maternal with EC1, be male parent with 627; Hybridize F1, concrete operations are: in pollination noon before that day, the male flower flower bud of the female flower flower bud of the EC1 that will open in second day and 627 is overlapped flower isolate; That morning 8 points of blooming; 627 male flower pollen is awarded on the female flower column cap of EC1,3 male flowers are awarded a female flower, and continue the female flower after the pollination was isolated three days;

Hybrid F1 and 627 cucumber are backcrossed, select the complete female individual plant in the backcross progeny to continue to backcross then, to the 3 generation BC3F1 that backcross with 627 cucumber;

Select the complete female individual plant of BC3F1 to carry out silver nitrate and lure male the processing; Concrete operations are: when complete female plant grew to 5-6 sheet true leaf, the plant that bud do not occur or the male flower flower bud do not occur was the allfemale type plant, use about 4 in the afternoon concentration as the silver nitrate aqueous solution of 300mg/L to stem apex and foliar spray; Till being covered with little water droplet to blade; Every handled once at a distance from three days, the processing secondary then should complete female individual plant carries out selfing and gets BC3F2;

In BC3F2, continue to select complete female individual plant to lure hero, selfing gets BC3F3;

In BC3F3, selecting the strain system of allfemale type, is interior selfing with plant by luring at 1: 1 behind the hero, and it is U.S. female 09 that the seed of being received is the allfemale type new breeds of cucumbers, and female 09 plant of U.S. is an allfemale type; The plant growing way is strong, and the long 7.5-9.0 of internode centimetre, the thick 0.55-0.6 of stem centimetre, dark green leaf; Average maximum blade area is 21 * 20.5 centimetres, and first female flower joint position is at the 6-9 joint, and later every joint all has a female flower to occur; The commodity melon is extremely short to be cylindrical shape, and the melon look is a bottle green, and melon stings sparse white; Average the long 12.5-14.5 of melon centimetre, thick 3.0-3.5 centimetre, master is climing all can tie melon.

The selection criteria of complete female individual plant is: complete stool is female flower up and down, none male flower.

Allfemale type new breeds of cucumbers U.S. female 09 is used for the method that cucumber hybrid is cultivated, and comprising:

U.S. female 09 plants by 3: 1 kinds with the common cultivation cucumber, and carries out normal plant management, isolates in flowering stage; Be female parent with U.S. female 09 then; The common cultivation cucumber is that male parent is carried out artificial pollination or honeybee pollination, and U.S. female 09 the ripening fruits of gathering treats that cuing open melon after the fruit after-ripening washes seed; With seed airing oven dry, promptly obtain highly purified first generation of hybrid seed.

Beneficial effect:

The cultivation and the application method thereof of the complete female U.S. of the present invention sliced cucumber U.S. female 09 compared with prior art, have following advantage and good effect:

The present invention be utilize hybridization, many generations backcross and the mode of selfing with the transformation of gynoecy gene in the middle of monoecism type U.S. sliced cucumber 627.The U.S. female 09 gynoecy shape of thus obtained new breeds of cucumbers can genetic stability, and with the proterties basically identical of backcross parent 627.Through the method, be stable complete female sliced cucumber new varieties with U.S.'s sliced cucumber transformation of a monoecism type.Widen the ecotype of allfemale type cucumber thus, improved the output of cucumber, increased the parent material of the F1 that crossbreeds.

Through field observation, new breeds of cucumbers U.S. female 09 is an allfemale type, and the plant growing way is strong, the long 7.5-9.0 of internode centimetre; The thick 0.55-0.6 of stem centimetre, dark green leaf, average maximum blade area is 21 * 20.5 centimetres, first female flower joint position is saved at 6-9; Later every joint all has a female flower to occur, and the commodity melon is extremely short to be cylindrical shape, and the melon look is a bottle green, and melon stings sparse white; Average the long 12.5-14.5 of melon centimetre, thick 3.0-3.5 centimetre, master is climing all can tie melon.U.S. female 09 can be used as good cultivar, also can be used as parent's hybridization generation seed.

Four, description of drawings

The cultivation technology path figure of the complete female U.S. of Fig. 1 sliced cucumber U.S. female 09.

The biomaterial preservation

Complete female U.S. sliced cucumber is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center U.S. on December 17th, 1, and preserving number is CGMCC NO.3541, classification called after cucumber (Cucumis sativus).

Five, embodiment

The breeding method of complete female U.S. sliced cucumber U.S. female 09 comprises:

1, parent's source and proterties: (following character description reference: Li Xixiang, Zhu Dewei, etc. cucumber germplasm resource description standard and data standard [M]. Beijing: Chinese agriculture publishing house, 2005.8-34)

1) allfemale type cucumber

The cucumber half-blood Deltastar that buys by Dutch Rijk Zwaan company, through 6 generation selfed breeding go out stable female series EC1, EC1 is European greenhouse type cucumber, be the allfemale type height that isozygotys of female gene for inbred line, its growing way is medium, main climing long 2-2.5 rice; The long 7-9 of internode centimetre; Average leaf area is 20 * 21 centimetres, leaf green, and nearly triangle, commodity melon are green, cylindrical, the long 14-16 of melon centimetre, the thick 2.5-3 of melon centimetre, the smooth stingless or few thorn of fruit surface, master is climing all can tie melon, plants melon and is yellow green.

2) monoecism type cucumber

The 627th, by cucumber commodity kind Poinsett 97 (commercially available kind, Yang Yingui etc. cucumber seedling stage heat evil symptom and regularity of occurrence and development research [J] thereof. Chinese melon dish, 2007, (05) .) 7 generations of selfing the stable height that obtains for inbred line; 627 is U.S.'s sliced cucumber, monoecism, and the plant growing way is strong, the long 9.5-12.5 of internode centimetre; The thick 0.75-0.9 of stem centimetre, average leaf area is 22 * 23 centimetres, and dark green leaf is heart-shaped five jiaos; With main climing knot melon is main, commodity melon bottle green, and sugar-preserved gourd is extremely short, and is cylindrical; Melon stings sparse white, and the long 14.5-17.5 of melon centimetre, wide 4.0-4.7 centimetre.

2, the concrete transformation process of complete female gene:

With allfemale type cucumber EC1 and monoecism type cucumber 627 soak seed simultaneously, vernalization, sowing, field planting and the management of normal plant.

In flowering stage, be maternal with EC1, be male parent with 627; Hybridize F1, concrete operations are: in pollination noon before that day, the male flower flower bud of the female flower flower bud of the EC1 that will open in second day and 627 is overlapped flower isolate; That morning 8 points of blooming; 627 male flower pollen is awarded on the female flower column cap of EC1,3 male flowers are awarded a female flower, and continue the female flower after the pollination was isolated three days.

Hybrid F1 and 627 cucumber are backcrossed, select the complete female individual plant in the backcross progeny to continue to backcross then, to the 3 generation BC3F1 that backcross with 627 cucumber.

Select the complete female individual plant of BC3F1 to carry out silver nitrate and lure male the processing; Concrete operations are: when complete female plant grew to 5-6 sheet true leaf, the plant that bud do not occur or the male flower flower bud do not occur was the allfemale type plant, use about 4 in the afternoon concentration as the silver nitrate aqueous solution of 300mg/L to stem apex and foliar spray; Till being covered with little water droplet to blade; Every handled once at a distance from three days, the processing secondary then should complete female individual plant carries out selfing and gets BC3F2.

In BC3F2, continue to select complete female individual plant to lure hero, selfing gets BC3F3.

In BC3F3, selecting the strain system of allfemale type, is interior selfing with plant by luring at 1: 1 behind the hero, and the seed of being received is allfemale type new breeds of cucumbers U.S. female 09.

3, the characteristic of allfemale type new breeds of cucumbers U.S. female 09:

U.S. female 09 has the proterties of U.S.'s sliced cucumber 627 basically, but also has the proterties of indivedual EC1, and some middle or ultra close proterties.

U.S. female 09 plant is an allfemale type, and the plant growing way is strong, the long 7.5-9.0 of internode centimetre, and the thick 0.55-0.6 of stem centimetre; Dark green leaf, average maximum blade area is 21 * 20.5 centimetres, and first female flower joint position is at the 6-9 joint, and later every joint all has a female flower to occur; The commodity melon is extremely short to be cylindrical shape, and the melon look is a bottle green, and melon stings sparse white; Average the long 12.5-14.5 of melon centimetre, thick 3.0-3.5 centimetre, master is climing all can tie melon.

4, the application of allfemale type new breeds of cucumbers U.S. female 09:

U.S. female 09 plants by 3: 1 kinds with the high common cultivation cucumber of coordinate force, and carries out normal plant management.Isolating in flowering stage, is female parent with U.S. female 09 then, and the common cultivation cucumber is that male parent is carried out artificial pollination or honeybee pollination.Gather U.S. female 09 ripening fruits treats that cuing open melon after the fruit after-ripening washes seed, with seed airing oven dry, promptly obtains highly purified first generation of hybrid seed.

Claims (1)

1. allfemale type new breeds of cucumbers U.S. female 09 is used for the selection of cucumber hybrid, comprising:

U.S. female 09 CGMCC NO.3541 and common cultivation cucumber are planted by 3: 1 kinds, and carry out normal plant management, isolate in flowering stage; Be female parent with U.S. female 09 then; The common cultivation cucumber is that male parent is carried out artificial pollination or honeybee pollination, and U.S. female 09 the ripening fruits of gathering treats that cuing open melon after the fruit after-ripening washes seed; With seed airing oven dry, promptly obtain highly purified first generation of hybrid seed.

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