A kind of Chinese cassia tree container seedling culture method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the plant propagation technical field, especially relate to a kind of Chinese cassia tree container seedling culture method.
Background technology
Chinese cassia tree (Cinnamomum cassia Presl) is Lauraceae (Lauraceae) Cinnamomum (Cinnamomum) aiphyllium, is one of woody spices seeds of south China characteristic, is the seeds that economic worth is higher.Contain a large amount of cinnamon oils in Chinese cassia tree, its main component is cinnamic acid, has the expansion peripheral vessels, anti-platelet aggregation, the effect such as antitumor.Cassia bark is also precious spices, in food industry and light industry industry, is widely used.
Chinese cassia tree is at China's cultivation history of existing more than 2,000 year, mainly be distributed in the tropic of cancer in the neighbourhood, Guangdong and Guangxi are the main producing regions of Chinese cassia tree, in Guangxi, Chinese cassia tree is divided into " osmanthus, the ”He“ Xijiang River, osmanthus, Dongxing " by the place of production, " osmanthus, Dongxing " claims again " Fang Cheng osmanthus ", and essentialspecies is implanted in Fang city, Guangxi, upper think of, Longzhou, the large ground such as new, and osmanthus, the Xijiang River mainly is distributed in Pingnan County, Teng County, osmanthus coequally.
Container seedling have long, nursery stock specification of short, planting season in seedling stage and quality be easy to control, save in seed, lifting process root system not easy damaged, nursery stock little moisture loss, survival rate high, without seedling-slowing stage, be convenient to the advantage such as seedling machinery, be the main supply form of forestry developed country achievements in forest-tree seedling, China also extensively adopts now.Seedling medium is the main carriers that container seedling growth is grown, with current present Research, the Chinese cassia tree seedling medium be take yellow soil as main, simple yellow soil matrix weight is heavier, the inconvenience transportation, and have the nutrient deficiency, the problem that fertilizer efficiency is short, single matrix at aspects such as unit weight, porosity, liquid to steam ratio without advantage.
In sum, develop economic and practical Chinese cassia tree matrix seedling-cultivating method, Chinese cassia tree is produced, applies and have great importance.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to grow seedlings and the deficiency of culture technique for existing Chinese cassia tree, a kind of nutrition supply abundance is provided, fertilizer efficiency is long, and nursery stock is easy damaged not, and the nursery stock little moisture loss contributes to the Chinese cassia tree container seedling seedling-cultivating method of nursery stock Fast Growth.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of Chinese cassia tree container seedling culture method, it comprises that seedling medium, seed collection and processing are selected, prepared to nutrition cup, the operation of plant seedlings upper cup and cultivation management, install seedling medium in nutrition cup, Chinese cassia tree seed after gathering is processed, then upper cup plants seedlings, finally carry out cultivation management, obtain the Chinese cassia tree nursery stock; Concrete operation step is as follows:
(1) nutrition cup is selected: the black nutritive cup of selecting 12cm * 16cm;
(2) preparation seedling medium: seedling medium is formed by following raw materials according and ratio mixed preparing: yellow soil: the coconut palm chaff: the perlite ratio is 1 ~ 6: 1: 1;
(3) sampling and processing of seed: the Chinese cassia tree seed that gather 3 ~ April, stack retting 1-2 days, after washing by rubbing with the hands with clear water, remove impurity and flat grain, and the 25-35min that sterilizes in 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, carry out vernalization at husky bed according to a conventional method by the Chinese cassia tree seed of sterilization;
(4) plant seedlings upper glass: treat that the Chinese cassia tree seed grows plumule, by the Chinese cassia tree seed from digging gently sand, select growth neat, without the band plumule Chinese cassia tree seed gone mouldy, first with small wooden, on the seedling medium prepared, insert an aperture, the Chinese cassia tree plumule is put into to aperture, then by seedling medium compacting lightly on every side;
(5) cultivation management: after the upper cup that plants seedlings, by the specification discharge of the wide 100~120cm of every furrow, the water of drenching, build 50 ~ 60% shade net, water in good time, sprayed 1 0.2~0.5% carbendazim or zineb, thiophanate methyl every 7~10 days, infect with preventing disease and pest.
Above-described seedling medium proportioning is: yellow soil: the coconut palm chaff: the perlite ratio is 3: 1: 1;
The preparation method of above-described seedling medium takes respectively yellow soil, coconut palm chaff and perlite raw material in proportion, smashs respectively the 50-80 order to pieces, mixing and stirring, and it is 10% standby drying to moisture content.
The present invention has the following advantages for prior art:
1, in the present invention, Chinese cassia tree, by container nursery, is not subject to the impact of soil property, can utilize the soil planted unfavourably, has effectively protected land resources, has social benefit preferably; Save sowing with planting simultaneously, reduced production cost, there is economic benefit preferably.
2, container nursery of the present invention matrix used is formulated according to the Chinese cassia tree physiological property, and seedling growth is rapid, neat, healthy and strong, has shortened growing-seedling period; Band mass of soil when container seedling is planted, while having guaranteed lifting, the integrality of root system, improved planting survival rate.
3, seedling medium formula of the present invention simple, rationally, steady quality, draw materials conveniently.
4, seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, simple to operation, for Chinese cassia tree, set up brand-new cultivation system, increased substantially survival rate and the amount of growth of Chinese cassia tree.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
In March, 2012, gather ripe Chinese cassia tree seed, and stack retting 1 day, after washing by rubbing with the hands with clear water, removes impurity and flat grain, with the 25min that sterilizes in 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, the Chinese cassia tree seed of sterilization is carried out to vernalization at husky bed according to a conventional method.Select the black nutritive cup of 12cm * 16cm as container for plant growth.Take yellow soil, coconut palm chaff and perlite raw material according to the ratio of 1: 1: 1, smashed respectively 50 orders to pieces, mixing and stirring, it is 10% standby drying to moisture content.The seedling medium prepared is housed in container for plant growth.Treat that the Chinese cassia tree seed grows plumule, by the Chinese cassia tree seed, from digging gently sand, the selection growth is neat, without the band plumule seed gone mouldy, first with small wooden, in the matrix prepared, inserts an aperture, the Chinese cassia tree plumule is put into to aperture, by matrix compacting on every side.Plant seedlings after upper cup, by the specification discharge of the wide 100cm of every furrow, the water of drenching, build 50~60% shade net, meticulously manages and protects, and waters in good time, every 7 days, sprays 1 0.2% carbendazim, with preventing disease and pest, infects.In March, 2013, investigation obtains, average height of seedling: 14.8cm, and average leading thread: 3.26cm, mean number of sheets: 9.6, mean elements: 13.0, average root is long: 29.4cm.
Embodiment 2:
In March, 2012, gather ripe Chinese cassia tree seed, and stack retting 2 days, after washing by rubbing with the hands with clear water, removes impurity and flat grain, with the 30min that sterilizes in 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, the Chinese cassia tree seed of sterilization is carried out to vernalization at husky bed according to a conventional method.Select the black nutritive cup of 12cm * 16cm as container for plant growth.Take yellow soil, coconut palm chaff and perlite raw material according to the ratios of 3: 1: 1, smashed respectively 60 orders to pieces, mixing and stirring, it is 10% standby drying to moisture content.Treat that the Chinese cassia tree seed grows plumule, by the Chinese cassia tree seed, from digging gently sand, the selection growth is neat, without the band plumule seed gone mouldy, first with small wooden, in the matrix prepared, inserts an aperture, the Chinese cassia tree plumule is put into to aperture, by matrix compacting on every side.Plant seedlings after upper cup, by the specification discharge of the wide 110cm of every furrow, the water of drenching, build 50~60% shade net, meticulously manages and protects, and waters in good time, every 8 days, sprays 1 0.3% zineb, with preventing disease and pest, infects.In March, 2013, investigation obtains, average height of seedling: 17.7cm, and average leading thread: 3.74cm, mean number of sheets: 10.8, mean elements: 13.6, average root is long: 25.0cm.
Embodiment 3:
In April, 2012, gather ripe Chinese cassia tree seed, and stack retting 1 day, after washing by rubbing with the hands with clear water, removes impurity and flat grain, with the 35min that sterilizes in 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, the Chinese cassia tree seed of sterilization is carried out to vernalization at husky bed according to a conventional method.Select the black nutritive cup of 12cm * 16cm as container for plant growth.Take yellow soil, coconut palm chaff and perlite raw material according to the ratios of 6: 1: 1, smashed respectively 80 orders to pieces, mixing and stirring, it is 10% standby drying to moisture content.Treat that the Chinese cassia tree seed grows plumule, by the Chinese cassia tree seed, from digging gently sand, the selection growth is neat, without the band plumule seed gone mouldy, first with small wooden, in the matrix prepared, inserts an aperture, the Chinese cassia tree plumule is put into to aperture, by matrix compacting on every side.Plant seedlings after upper cup, by the specification discharge of the wide 120cm of every furrow, the water of drenching, build 50~60% shade net, meticulously manages and protects, and waters in good time, every 10 days, sprays 1 0.5% thiophanate methyl, with preventing disease and pest, infects.In April, 2013, investigation obtains, average height of seedling: 14.1cm, and average leading thread: 2.89cm, mean number of sheets: 9.4, mean elements: 9.0, average root is long: 22.6cm.