CN103461052B - Technology for growing bananas on hillsides - Google Patents
Technology for growing bananas on hillsides Download PDFInfo
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- CN103461052B CN103461052B CN201310423638.1A CN201310423638A CN103461052B CN 103461052 B CN103461052 B CN 103461052B CN 201310423638 A CN201310423638 A CN 201310423638A CN 103461052 B CN103461052 B CN 103461052B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a technology for growing bananas on hillsides. The technology comprises the following steps: ploughing the field on mountain land of which the altitude is 200-600 meters, the gradient is less than 25 degrees, the annual accumulated temperature is higher than or equal to 7,000 DEG C, the soil structure is loose and the organic matter content is 1-5 percent along the contour line around a mountain or near the mountain; digging planting holes or planting grooves on the field to plant banana seedlings; building an equal-altitude cableway on the field, erecting a water and fertilizer conveying pipeline on the cableway, connecting a road pipe with a water source and a fertilizer source, and connecting the water and fertilizer conveying pipeline with the banana holes or the banana grooves through branch pipes; performing daily field management on the bananas at the growing period till the bananas become mature; harvesting mature bananas in a falling-free way, and conveying the bananas to a loading point or a storage point along the equal-altitude cableway by using a pulley yoke for loading or storing. According to the technology, the technical effect of large-scale, standard and industrial planting on mountain land is realized, produced bananas are high in quality and yield, the growing period of the bananas on the mountain land is over 40 days long in comparison to coastal regions, mountain grooving, mountain landslide and mud-rock flow caused by rainstorm are avoided, and conservation of water and soil and maintenance of ecology are facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agrotechnique, banana growing on hill-side technology.
Background technology
Banana cultivation; particularly many meetings of cultivation of scale batch production are carried out on comparatively smooth soil, and in many tropic countries, and China's southeastern coast one band has formed scale; the large quality of output is good, is the Main Economic pillar of local farmers or agribusiness.But in mountain area, special climatic variation is large, the mountain area that climate type is comparatively complicated, as Guangxi, Yunnan one band, the banana culture technique of promoting level land formula is just so uneasy, the subject matter running into is: on the mountain of coastal area, mostly be anhydrous arid area, and banana belongs to meat root system plant, need a large amount of moisture could meet the requirement of its nutrition and reproductive growth.The level land of coastal area mostly is moderate or the degree of depth matter of loosening the soil, and is conducive to growth and the nutrient absorption of meat root system, and the more shallow banana planting that is not too applicable to of mountain region soil layer.Level land is conducive to the banana operation of gathering that has no mechanical damage, and mountain region is not easy to accomplish.
The territory in Yunnan and West Guangxi area is main mainly with mountain region, has accounted for the more than 95% of area especially at Yunnan Mountains.If be only limited to level land plantation, the output of banana cannot get on, and land resources cannot be fully used.And south of Yunnan is mostly mountainous regions of tropics, rainfall is abundant, abundant water, and also how high have how high water just to have on mountain.The mountain Gao Er great of hot-zone, and there is larger three-dimensional weather, within its year, accumulated temperature does not parallel with warp, latitude, with contour, be not stacked (adding) yet, at the every rising 100M of the general height above sea level in the mountain region in Yunnan, temperature reduces by 0.5 ℃ of left and right, and it is more serious that height above sea level superelevation day and night temperature good fortune in more obvious winter thanks to cooling simultaneously.Thereby growing on hill-side banana selects suitable height above sea level very important.Meanwhile, at Yunnan Mountains plantation banana, select suitable height above sea level to make it to there is the dry-matter accumulation that certain day and night temperature is relatively conducive to banana, thus the storage period of extending fruit.The general soil structure in From Mountainous Districts of Yunnan Province is loose, and soil fertility is high, is well suited for the plantation of banana.Therefore, in Yunnan, such mountainous regions of tropics research and development scale banana culture technique has the sincere justice of important reason.Yet local peasant household sporadicly cultivates mainly with traditional approach, output is very low, and damage by disease and insect is multiple, and banana quality is poor.Be exactly that the mountain region gradient is larger in addition, trench is many, and heavy rain is easily sent out mountain torrents and drawn ditch, landslide people.These problems also do not find suitable technology to solve at present.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly the banana growing on hill-side technology that proposes a kind of scale, batch production, and this technology can be guaranteed the supply of liquid manure heat evenly, and banana production is high, quality better, and fruit is long storage period, and the not damaged of gathering, makes up the deficiencies in the prior art with this.
This banana growing on hill-side technology that the present invention proposes, is characterized in that having the following steps:
(1) select height above sea level to be less than 25 degree in 200-600m, the gradient, year accumulated temperature is more than or equal to 7000 ℃, and soil structure is loose, and the organic mountain region at 1-5% is surrounded by mountains or output near the mountain tableland along contour;
(2) on tableland, excavation kind of plant hole or plantation ditch are implanted banana seedlings;
(3) on tableland, set up contour cableway, set up liquid manure conveyance conduit on cableway, deferent is connected with the water source source of manure, between liquid manure conveyance conduit and banana cave or banana ditch, has arm to be connected;
(4) banana in vegetative period is carried out to daily field management until banana is ripe;
(5) ripe banana being carried out to nothing lands and gathers and with pulley yoke, banana be transported to entrucking point or storage point shipment or storage along contour cableway.
In step (1), the height above sea level in mountain region be take 350-600m as good.
In step (1)-(2), for the gradient, in reclamation of wasteland tableland, the mountain region of 5-25 degree, by contour introversion 3-5 degree surrounded by mountains, undertaken, the wide 1.2-1.6m of table top, plant the upper wide 70cm of plant hole or plantation ditch, bottom width 60cm, dark 60cm, tableland outer rim is built the field bund of high wide each about 20cm with soil, in case water source, tableland sinuous flow.
Gently employing cross scaling method plantation for the gradient at 1-5 degree.
In step (2), seeding row spacing 2.2 * 2.5m or 2.3 * 3m are pressed in the plantation interval of banana seedlings, and every mu of standard of planting 120-140 strain is carried out.
The discrepancy in elevation between adjacent two cableways of step (4) is 30-50m, is not that cableway is all built in every layer of tableland, and cableway quantity to be to save material, facilitates liquid manure supply and banana to gather and the principle of transporting is determined.Between cableway, establishing transhipment cableway connects.
In step (4), build the tableland of cableway and can not plant banana, specially make transportation cableway.The length of cableway is body size and determining near the mountain.
On cableway, establish without landing transport support, to facilitate the not smooth area of traffic to carry out nothing, land the not damaged banana of gathering.
In step (5), ripe banana strikes off the Banana tree of having adopted after gathering, and retains the banana seedlings newly growing and proceeds water and fertilizer management, when so circulation reaches 5-6, cuts out whole canopy Banana tree and separately plants new talent, to keep the Changsheng Huoli health care of Banana tree.
The invention solves mountain region without the technical barrier of scale standardization and industrialized cultivation, realized banana steeper in the mountain region gradient, the sustainability plantation of ungetable outlying mountain area.The banana that produces valency of fine quality high, output is large, stature is even, table coloured gold is yellow, without abnormal pigmentary deposit on the skin point, is reception guests' first-class fruit.Compare with the banana of coastal area, the Nourishing and Procreation Growth phase that the present invention plants banana extends more than approximately 40 days, the prolongation of day and night temperature and fruit growth period is conducive to accumulate more dry matter composition, thereby long more than 10 days storage period at Yunnan Mountains cultivation banana.
Compare with traditional planting patterns, contour tableland plantation of the present invention, can alleviate rainwater and suddenly concentrate, the massif of effectively having avoided heavy rain to cause draws ditch, landslide and debris flow, not only taking full advantage of land resources but also reduced geological disaster, is to conserve water and soil, and maintains ecological good method.
The present invention is that outlying mountainous regions of tropics peasant programme has found new outlet, and also for big-and-middle-sized state-owned land-reclamation enterprise, improving land resources utilization level provides the new choice of technology.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the present invention's live photograph after the banana garden seedling of mountain region, Hekou, Yunnan Province county enforcement foundation.
Fig. 2 is contour cableway of the present invention photograph in kind.
Fig. 3 Banana tree that is the present invention after implement in somewhere, Hekou, Yunnan Province county in kind photograph of bearing fruit.
Fig. 4 is in kind photograph after the banana garden of somewhere, Hekou County, He of the present invention county enforcement foundation grows into forest.
Embodiment
Production instance below in conjunction with applicant's Experimental Base further illustrates positive technique effect of the present invention.
The border county that Hekou County, the Yunnan Province Shi Yigeyu Vietnam at applicant place borders on, whole area is positioned at northern tropical on the south the tropic of Capricorn, belongs to tropical rain forest climate.Feature be the long summer without the winter, be connected spring and autumn, reach 7 months summer, spring, two seasons of autumn only have 5 months, 23 ℃ of average temperatures of the whole year.Hot and humid sunshine is few, and river in length and breadth hills is many, average annual rainfall 1773mm, and annual relative moisture 84%, year border changes little, is one of the whole province humid area few in number." in different seasons of a mountain, ten li are not on the same day " Hekou County landform is intricate, from the county town, river mouth of the not enough rice of height above sea level, to the great Jian Shan more than northwestward two kms, various topography and geomorphologies are complete, make various meteorological elements in more among a small circle, produce larger difference, form complicated and diversified three-dimensional weather.Economic crops be take banana, pineapple, rubber, sugarcane as main.
Owing to being subject to mountain region many, the factor such as weather is complicated and changeable impact, the banana planting of Hekou County is for a long time in natural economy state, and peasant plants mainly with a mode for canopy formula, seldom has banana garden in blocks.The advanced technology of shortage science in management, damage by disease and insect is multiple, yielding poorly of banana, of poor quality, economic benefit does not increase.
For this situation, applicant unit and the peasant household in local San Ge township sign land tenure contract, by elevation height at 200-600m, year accumulated temperature is greater than more than the 20000 mu of mountain region of 7000-8200 ℃ and plans, all by said method of the present invention and step carried out the tableland reclamation of wasteland, as long as the satisfactory hilltop is substantially whole opens up wasteland out tableland by contour, every the drop of 50 meters, establish a contour cableway (referring to Fig. 2).Between cableway, can there is connection line (oblique cord road) to facilitate without landing transhipment.
The specification in tableland and requirement as above, by above-mentioned seeding row spacing plantation banana seedlings, are then carried out daily field management in tableland, and the extermination of disease and insect pest is carried out routinely.
Adopt this sheet banana ground of technology of the present invention plantation, the harvest situation of First Year is, average yield per mu one-level banana 3000kg, and 2 yuan of average prices/more than kg, every mu of income is more than 6000 yuan.The general 4-6 of growing on hill-side banana starts to upgrade, and the good base of individual management is upgraded after reaching as high as 9 years again.
Finished product banana as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5.
Claims (7)
1. a banana growing on hill-side technology, is characterized in that having the following steps:
(1) select height above sea level to be less than 25 degree in 200-600m, the gradient, year accumulated temperature is more than or equal to 7000 ℃, and soil structure is loose, and the organic mountain region at 1-5% is surrounded by mountains or output near the mountain tableland along contour;
(2) on tableland, excavation kind of plant hole or plantation ditch are implanted banana seedlings, plant the upper wide 70cm of plant hole or plantation ditch, bottom width 60cm, dark 60cm, tableland outer rim is built the field bund of high wide each 20cm with soil, seeding row spacing 2.2 * 2.5m or 2.3 * 3m are pressed in the plantation interval of banana seedlings, and every mu of standard of planting 120-140 strain is carried out;
(3) on tableland, set up contour cableway, on cableway, set up liquid manure conveyance conduit, deferent is connected with the water source source of manure, between liquid manure conveyance conduit and banana cave or banana ditch, there is arm to be connected, the discrepancy in elevation between adjacent two cableways is 30-50m, cableway quantity to be to save material, facilitates liquid manure supply and banana to gather and the principle of transporting is determined, establishes transhipment cableway and connect between cableway;
(4) banana in vegetative period is carried out to daily field management until banana is ripe;
(5) ripe banana being carried out to nothing lands and gathers and with pulley yoke, banana be transported to entrucking point or storage point shipment or storage along contour cableway.
2. banana growing on hill-side technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step (1), and the elevation in mountain region is highly 350-600m.
3. banana growing on hill-side technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that for the gradient in reclamation of wasteland tableland, the mountain region of 5-25 degree by contour surrounded by mountains or near the mountain introversion 3-5 degree carry out, the wide 1.2-1.6m of table top.
4. banana growing on hill-side technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that the gently employing cross scaling method plantation at 1-5 degree for the gradient.
5. banana growing on hill-side technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that the tableland of building cableway do not plant banana, specially makes transportation cableway, and the length of cableway is body size and determining near the mountain.
6. banana growing on hill-side technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that establishing without landing transport support on cableway.
7. banana growing on hill-side technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step (5), after ripe banana is gathered, strike off the Banana tree of having adopted, retain the banana seedlings newly growing and proceed water and fertilizer management, when so circulation reaches 5-6, cut out whole canopy Banana tree and separately plant new talent.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103988743A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-08-20 | 黄少伟 | Banana planting method |
| CN104996152B (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-08-08 | 罗杰芝 | The implantation methods of millet any of several broadleaf plants |
| CN105028102B (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-09-29 | 罗杰芝 | The cultural method of drought resisting hillside fields banana |
| CN110150055B (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2021-04-27 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Planting method for slowing down blight spread of mountain banana garden |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103010651A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-04-03 | 河口云山农业科技有限公司 | Non-landing banana collecting and transporting bracket |
| CN103190267A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-10 | 河口云山农业科技有限公司 | Damage-free processing method in mountain banana production |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103010651A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-04-03 | 河口云山农业科技有限公司 | Non-landing banana collecting and transporting bracket |
| CN103190267A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-10 | 河口云山农业科技有限公司 | Damage-free processing method in mountain banana production |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 徐之龙.黔西南州旱坡地香蕉丰产栽培技术.《耕作与栽培》.2001,第46页第1栏-第47页9. |
| 黔西南州旱坡地香蕉丰产栽培技术;徐之龙;《耕作与栽培》;20010531;第46页第1栏-第47页9 * |
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