CN102550363B - Method for culturing seedlings of Karst habitat forest trees - Google Patents
Method for culturing seedlings of Karst habitat forest trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN102550363B CN102550363B CN 201210014539 CN201210014539A CN102550363B CN 102550363 B CN102550363 B CN 102550363B CN 201210014539 CN201210014539 CN 201210014539 CN 201210014539 A CN201210014539 A CN 201210014539A CN 102550363 B CN102550363 B CN 102550363B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for culturing seedlings of Karst habitat forest trees, which comprises the following steps of: (1) building a nursery land below a greenhouse, deeply ploughing and finely raking the nursery lank, and applying a farmyard base fertilizer; (2) spot-sowing forest tree seeds, after seedlings and needle-point leaves emerge, applying a urea solution, and stopping watering and irrigation after 30-32 days; (3) after the growth of the seedlings is returned to normal, irrigating the seedling bed until water gets to the seedling top, and starting draining until dry after 3-4 days; (4) after the seedlings grow normally and no wilting, yellowing or withering phenomenon occurs, stopping watering and irrigation once again, covering a greenhouse film to prevent natural precipitation, after the seedlings grow normally, irrigating the seedling bed until water gets to the seedling top, and starting draining until dry after 5-7 days; and (5) after the seedlings grow normally, conventionally managing the seedlings, removing the greenhouse film, watering the seedlings to maintain the water content of soil, and applying a compound fertilizer until a batch of qualified drought-enduring anti-water-logging seedlings are obtained. The method is feasible and simple and convenient to operate, and the forest tree seedlings have good quality and high survival rate after transplantation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Forest Cultivation technical field, more specifically relate to a kind of method of culturing seedlings of Karst habitat forest trees.
Background technology
The karst is the typical ecologically fragile area of China, and the vicious circle due to long-term poverty-exploitation-ecological disruption causes ecological environment problem to become increasingly conspicuous.Diastrous weather occurs frequent.Often cause rainfall and temperature variability large because the monsoon advance and retreat are not normal, drought, damage caused by waterlogging evil and the diastrous weather frequencies of occurrences such as " two is cold " (cold in the late spring and Cold Dew wind) and hail are large.Spring drought is many, and the frequency of occurrences reaches 60%～90%; Rainy season is large, heavy rain is too concentrated, and flood occurs every year, and the frequency of occurrences reaches 50%～80%.The frequent drought that occurs, damage caused by waterlogging evil have caused to karst agricultural production and ecological recovery and have had a strong impact on.
In the karst, the rain thermal resource is abundant, and average annual rainfall is between 1100～1500mm, but spatial and temporal distributions inequality and evaporation discharge are large, and year evaporation discharge is many at 1500～1900mm, obviously greater than precipitation, steam is in lossing state generally, easily forms arid climate.Long-term strong karstification has formed and has been different from the underground double-deck binary Hydrologic Structure in other regional earth's surfaces, the shallow soil layer of numerous solution cavities, lapies, solution crack, funnel, subterranean stream and sinkhole and karst, a large amount of rock be exposed causes the rapid seepage of atmospheric precipitation and evaporation, has formed karst drought phenomenon special under gentle weather conditions.Karst waterlogging disaster is distinctive a kind of and Karst Ecological Environment and the closely-related Disasters Type of mankind's activity of karst area under the humid climate condition of subtropics simultaneously, at some Corrosional Hills, depression, valley floor and peak forest plain because of continuous rainfall or reservoir filling, the underground karst pipe drainage is obstructed, waterlogging often occurs, this waterlogging has periodically, the characteristics of multiple, sudden and mass-sending property, and restricted by complicated underground piping system, water circulation and benefit row relation are intricate, and the difficulty of effectively administering is very large.During the rainy season torrential rain, flood discharge is large, and drainage difficulty usually causes low-lying district ponding to cause disaster, the area of severe water and soil erosion especially, and more drainage channel has and silts up, and drainability reduces, and causes the waterlogging disaster frequent, and the waterlogging type is various.
In the karst, due to drought, the frequent appearance of damage caused by waterlogging evil, caused and had a strong impact on for this area's Rocky Desertification Control, Ecological Restoration, after general afforestation sapling is transplanted the land for growing field crops, in arid, flood under waterlogging coerces, easily dead, survival rate is low, or poor growth, does not reach the afforestation requirement.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be to provide a kind of method of culturing seedlings of Karst habitat forest trees, make that karst achievements in forest-tree seedling quality is good, transplanting survival rate is high, growing way is good, easy to implement the method, easy and simple to handle, can generally grow seedlings for the karst is fairly large, provide a kind of method of better seedling-wood breeding to promoting karst artificial afforestration and Rocky Desertification Control, accelerate karst revegetation and improvement of the ecological environment.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of method of culturing seedlings of Karst habitat forest trees the steps include:
A, nursery lot are built under booth, nursery lot deep ploughing (30-35cm), thin rake, by 2000 kg/acres discharge farmers''s base manure (make the soil organic matter＞3.5%, full N＞0.4%, full P＞0.35%, full k＞1.8%); The long 20m in seedbed, wide 1.2m, high 20cm, the seedbed surrounding has the wide 10cm zanjon of 20cm.
B, forest tree seed are through program request, program request line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 2cm, every bunch planting kind seed 2-3 grain, emerge after 3-4 sheet needle, execute urea water by 0.5%-2.0% (urea/water), after 30-32 days, stopping all watering, pours water, simultaneously greenhouse film is built, prevented natural precipitation, make soil conservation arid 30-45 days, then soil moisture content begins to water, pour water lower than 10% following 3-5 days (nursery stock is fading);
C, after seedling growth is normal, nursery stock without be fading, jaundice, withered phenomenon, poured water in the seedbed, cause water logging and do not push up to seedling, begin to discharge water after 3-4 days dried to putting;
D, after seedling growth is normal, nursery stock without be fading, jaundice, withered phenomenon, again stopping all watering, pours water, simultaneously greenhouse film is built, prevent natural precipitation, make soil conservation arid 45-60 days, then soil moisture content begins to water, pour water lower than 10% following 5-7 days (nursery stock is fading); After seedling growth is normal, poured water in the seedbed, cause water logging not to the seedling top, begin to discharge water after 5-7 days dried to putting;
E, after seedling growth is normal, nursery stock is realized Routine Management, take away greenhouse film, water 3-5 time, maintenance soil moisture content 20%-32% presses 10kg/ mu sealing fertilizer 2 times, until a collection of qualified drought-enduring, waterlogging-resistant stain nursery stock.Make Forest Seedlings have drought-enduring waterlogging ability, after making the nursery stock transplanting land for growing field crops, adapt to very soon the land for growing field crops environment, also can survival and growth under arid or waterlogging stain, efficiently solve the low problem poor with growth of nursery stock transplanting land for growing field crops, karst survival rate.
Described farmers' base manure is: a kind of or any mixing (liquid) wherein of human excrement material, pig cow dung, natural pond slag.
Described composite fertilizer refers to have at least two breedings to divide the fertilizer of only being made by chemical method of the amount of showing in nitrogen, phosphorus, three kinds of nutrients of potassium, is a kind of of complex fertilizer.(composite fertilizer of use is Western complex fertilizer product, be that the pure chemistry method is made, its nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 13%, 17%, 15%, total nutrient reaches more than 45%, contain simultaneously required zinc ferro-boron manganese of crops etc. multiple in, trace element, the nutrient kind is many, is a kind of high concentration concentrated fertilizer.)
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The forest seedling is carried out drought-enduring processing, and seedling replanting is behind the land for growing field crops, and survival rate significantly improves.Seedling is carried out the waterlogging stain processes, thereby realize that seedling replanting is behind the land for growing field crops, survival rate significantly improves, and growth is accelerated, in the karst, behind drought-enduring, waterlogging-resistant stain nursery stock transplanting land for growing field crops, can effectively resist continuous drought or waterlogging stain, plant percent reaches more than 95%, improves 30%-50% than conventional seedbed system, seedling growth is good, improves 15%-26% than conventional seedbed system.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of method of culturing seedlings of Karst habitat forest trees the steps include:
The foundation in A, nursery: nursery lot is built under booth, the long 32m of booth, and wide 2.5m, carefully harrows 3 times at nursery lot deep ploughing 30cm, discharges farmers''s base manure by 2000 kg/acres; The long 20m in seedbed, wide 1.2m, high 20cm, the seedbed surrounding has the wide 10cm zanjon of 20cm;
B, sowing: forest tree seed is taked program request, program request line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 2cm, every bunch planting kind seed 2-3 grain;
C, nursery stock be drought-enduring processing for the first time: after the 3-4 sheet needle of emerging, execute urea water by 1.6% left and right, after about 31 days, stop all and water, pour water, simultaneously greenhouse film is built, prevent natural precipitation, make soil conservation arid about 36 days, soil moisture content drops to 10% from 30% left and right, keeps soil moisture content lower than 10% following about 4 days (nursery stock is fading), then begins to water, pour water;
D, nursery stock waterlogging stain is for the first time processed: after seedling growth is normal, poured water in the seedbed, cause water logging not to the seedling top, begin to discharge water after 3 days dried to putting;
E, nursery stock be drought-enduring processing for the second time: after seedling growth is normal nursery stock without be fading, jaundice, withered phenomenon, stop watering, make soil moisture content drop to 10% (about 52 days) from average moisture content 30% left and right, keep soil moisture content lower than 10% following about 6 days (nursery stock is fading), then begin to water;
F, nursery stock waterlogging stain is for the second time processed: after seedling growth is normal, poured water in the seedbed, cause water logging not to the seedling top, after 5 days, begin to discharge water dried to putting;
G, after seedling growth is normal, nursery stock is realized that Routine Management takes away greenhouse film, the left and right of watering 4 times keeps soil moisture content 20%-32%, presses 10kg/ mu sealing fertilizer 2 times, until a collection of qualified drought-enduring, waterlogging-resistant stain nursery stock.
Claims (1)
1. the method for a culturing seedlings of Karst habitat forest trees, the steps include:
A, nursery lot are built under booth, and nursery lot deep ploughing, thin rake discharge farmers''s base manure by 2000kg/ mu, the long 20m in seedbed, and wide 1.2m, high 20cm, the seedbed surrounding has the wide 10cm zanjon of 20cm;
B, forest tree seed are through program request, program request line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 2cm, every bunch planting kind seed 2-3 grain, emerge after 3-4 sheet needle, execute urea water by 0.5%-2.0%, after 30-32 days, stopping all watering, pours water, simultaneously greenhouse film is built, prevented natural precipitation, make soil conservation arid 30-45 days, the following 3-5 of soil moisture content 10% days, then begin to water, pour water;
C, until seedling growth recover normal after, poured water in the seedbed, cause water logging and do not push up to seedling, begin to discharge water after 3-4 days dried to putting;
D, after seedling growth is normal, nursery stock without be fading, jaundice, withered phenomenon, again stop all and water, pour water, simultaneously greenhouse film is built, prevent natural precipitation, make soil conservation arid 45-60 days, the following 5-7 of soil moisture content 10% days, then begin to water, pour water, after seedling growth is normal, poured water in the seedbed, cause water logging not to the seedling top, begin to discharge water after 5-7 days dried to putting;
E, after seedling growth is normal, nursery stock is realized Routine Management, take away greenhouse film, water 3-5 time, maintenance soil moisture content 20%-32% presses 10kg/ mu sealing fertilizer 2 times, until obtain a collection of qualified drought-enduring, waterlogging-resistant stain nursery stock;
Described farmers' base manure is: a kind of or any mixing wherein of human excrement material, pig cow dung, natural pond slag.
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| CN 201210014539 CN102550363B (en) | 2012-01-17 | 2012-01-17 | Method for culturing seedlings of Karst habitat forest trees |
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| CN 201210014539 CN102550363B (en) | 2012-01-17 | 2012-01-17 | Method for culturing seedlings of Karst habitat forest trees |
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| CN102550363A CN102550363A (en) | 2012-07-11 |
| CN102550363B true CN102550363B (en) | 2013-06-19 |
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| CN 201210014539 Expired - Fee Related CN102550363B (en) | 2012-01-17 | 2012-01-17 | Method for culturing seedlings of Karst habitat forest trees |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103229694B (en) * | 2013-04-28 | 2014-12-17 | 兰州大学 | Method for improving survival rate of trees in planting stage in arid areas |
| CN115226585A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-10-25 | 广东一方制药有限公司 | Karst landform ecological planting method for drynaria rhizome |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1596608A (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2005-03-23 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Method of restoring deteriorated vegetation ecological system of karst mountain area |
| CN101543168A (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2009-09-30 | 贵州边坡生态防护研究所有限责任公司 | method for planting vegetation on the karst area slope |
| CN101548621A (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2009-10-07 | 贵州碧泰环境生态科技有限公司 | A karst region rapid plant recovering method |
| CN101999289A (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2011-04-06 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Method for preventing and controlling water contamination in karst regions on basis of vegetation measures |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1596608A (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2005-03-23 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Method of restoring deteriorated vegetation ecological system of karst mountain area |
| CN101543168A (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2009-09-30 | 贵州边坡生态防护研究所有限责任公司 | method for planting vegetation on the karst area slope |
| CN101548621A (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2009-10-07 | 贵州碧泰环境生态科技有限公司 | A karst region rapid plant recovering method |
| CN101999289A (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2011-04-06 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Method for preventing and controlling water contamination in karst regions on basis of vegetation measures |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘崇欣等.喀斯特山区香花槐埋根育苗技术.《林业实用技术》.2009,(第03期),第26页. |
| 喀斯特山区香花槐埋根育苗技术;刘崇欣等;《林业实用技术》;20091231(第03期);第26页 * |
| 喀斯特森林树种白榆的芽移育苗技术;陶正贤;《现代农业科技》;20081231(第15期);第70，72页 * |
| 陶正贤.喀斯特森林树种白榆的芽移育苗技术.《现代农业科技》.2008,(第15期),第70，72页. |
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