CN103459253B - 产品包装方法及实施该方法的设备 - Google Patents

产品包装方法及实施该方法的设备 Download PDF

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CN103459253B
CN103459253B CN201180069474.6A CN201180069474A CN103459253B CN 103459253 B CN103459253 B CN 103459253B CN 201180069474 A CN201180069474 A CN 201180069474A CN 103459253 B CN103459253 B CN 103459253B
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product
turntable
heat
closed
folding line
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CN103459253A (zh
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C-C·塞赫麦侬
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Norsk Hydro ASA
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/345Progressively making the joint, e.g. starting from the middle
    • B29C66/3452Making complete joints by combining partial joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B11/00Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material
    • B65B11/004Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material in blanks, e.g. sheets precut and creased for folding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7879Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined said parts to be joined moving in a closed path, e.g. a rectangular path
    • B29C65/7882Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined said parts to be joined moving in a closed path, e.g. a rectangular path said parts to be joined moving in a circular path
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/345Progressively making the joint, e.g. starting from the middle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B29C66/43121Closing the ends of tubular or hollow single articles, e.g. closing the ends of bags
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8324Joining or pressing tools pivoting around one axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/849Packaging machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91641Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux the heat or the thermal flux being non-constant over time
    • B29C66/91643Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux the heat or the thermal flux being non-constant over time following a heat-time profile
    • B29C66/91645Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux the heat or the thermal flux being non-constant over time following a heat-time profile by steps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9241Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
    • B29C66/92441Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being non-constant over time
    • B29C66/92443Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being non-constant over time following a pressure-time profile
    • B29C66/92445Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being non-constant over time following a pressure-time profile by steps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9261Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B11/00Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material
    • B65B11/06Wrapping articles, or quantities of material, by conveying wrapper and contents in common defined paths
    • B65B11/38Wrapping articles, or quantities of material, by conveying wrapper and contents in common defined paths in a combination of straight and curved paths
    • B65B11/40Wrapping articles, or quantities of material, by conveying wrapper and contents in common defined paths in a combination of straight and curved paths to fold the wrappers in tubular form about contents
    • B65B11/42Wrapping articles, or quantities of material, by conveying wrapper and contents in common defined paths in a combination of straight and curved paths to fold the wrappers in tubular form about contents and then to form closing folds of similar form at opposite ends of the tube
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/14Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by reciprocating or oscillating members
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8226Cam mechanisms; Wedges; Eccentric mechanisms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
    • B29C66/949Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges

Abstract

本发明的目的是提供产品(10)的包装方法和设备,所述设备包括线性传送器(20),所述线性传送器包括一组首尾相接的传送带(20a),所述传送带与具有同步挡块的带材(20b)相关联,所述传送带与由确保直线移动的平行四边形机构(20d)致动的线性推杆(20c)相关联,所述传送带还与确保固定产品和封装材料片材的反推杆(20e)相关联,反推杆通过凸轮等驱动。产品被放置在第一转台(21)的接收夹具(21a)的其中之一上,以进入第一热封闭工台(30),所述第一热封闭工台设计用于确保对沿产品(10)的纵向边缘的折痕进行封闭。在折叠盒的出口,产品被转移到第二转台(23)的凹腔(23a)中,所述第二转台的旋转方向与第一转台(21)的旋转方向相反。产品被依次送入三个相同的用于热封闭端部折痕的工台(40,41和42)中,所述三个热封闭工台依次接收同一产品。多个工台的原因是由于端部折痕包括多于两个封装材料层,并且材料层数越多,热封闭时间越长。

Description

产品包装方法及实施该方法的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种产品的包装方法,所述产品尤其涉及特别是巧克力块等食品,在折叠和封闭的封装中,其中将所述产品送到线性传送器上,并且将从可热封闭的封装材料带中切割下来的片材插设到所述产品的路径上。
本发明的目的还为了提供一种用于实施本发明的方法的产品包装设备,所述产品尤其是在折叠和封闭封装中的食品,特别是巧克力块等。
背景技术
产品的包装,特别是以小尺寸的独立部分呈现的食品产品具有与产品的自然属性、与它们的脆弱性和与它们的保存相关联的多个问题。由于通常产品被大批量地生产加工,包装的操作应该极其快速,如此包装的设备应该在非常高的速率下工作,为每分钟几百件。另外,食品产品有脆弱的和不能承受较高温度的特性,应该在轻柔,无碰撞,和密封包装的条件下放置封装材料,两个或多个封装材料片材的粘贴应该与产品无直接接触,以避免局部过热。最后,在产品被认为是如巧克力这样的奢侈品的特殊情况下,产品表面的任何美观上的缺陷都会将产品排除,这在包装时对操作者和设备形成特别严格的制约。
根据一种已知类型的包装方法,产品被线性地发送和插入到折叠成U形以形成两个纵向折翼的可热封闭的封装材料片材中,所述纵向折翼接下来将在安置在转台型的旋转传送器周边的热封闭工台中被粘贴起来。这种方法和用于实施该方法的设备被详细地描述于公开号为0 295 203 A1的欧洲专利中。
该设备不能以最佳的方式适应小尺寸产品的包装和大约每分钟600件的特高速率,尤其是因为封闭工台被分别地设计用以加热局部围绕产品安置的封装材料,以及用以冷却该材料,从而避免要封装的产品的局部过热和留下印记。这个双重作用需要时间和降低包装的速率。另外,应用于封装的加热能量增多,这有必要进行冷却处理,这有损坏产品的风险并且带来使设备复杂化的约束。
总体来说,该方法和对应的设备不适合精美的和脆弱的小产品的包装,如独立封装的正方形或矩形的巧克力块等产品。此处所述的封装是通常称为“模具折叠(die-fold)”的应用折叠而不是通常称为“流动式包装(flow-pack)”的粘贴的管状折叠。
发明内容
为避免现有技术的缺点,本发明提供了一种用于通过密封折叠实现封装的方法和设备,借由可热封闭的材料片材进行高效和快速的热封闭,该方法允许保持产品的质量和美观的快速和高效的动作。
为此目的,前述部分所限定的方法的特征在于,将所述产品和可热封闭的封装材料片材同步引入称为第一转台的第一旋转传送器,同时将所述片材折叠成围绕所述产品的U形,以形成长度不相等的邻近于产品侧面的两个纵向折翼,将处于该配置中的所述产品及其封装送到至少一个第一热封闭工台,在所述至少一个第一热封闭工台中通过实现沿所述产品侧面的密封封闭将两个折翼粘贴起来并且形成纵向折翼,所述密封封闭即纵向封闭,并且,在所述第一转台的出口处将所述产品和其被纵向封闭的封装转移至折叠盒中,用以形成称为端部折痕的侧向折痕,并且,将处于纵向封闭配置的并且包括端部折痕的所述产品转移到称为第二转台的第二旋转传送器中,所述第二转台与至少两对热封闭工台相关联,并且,将产品依次送到所述至少两对热封闭工台的每个中,用以完成围绕所述产品的密封封闭,并且,在所述第二转台的出口处,弯折侧向折痕和纵向折翼,并且,将通过使所述纵向折翼保持抵靠在所述产品的封装上而以密封的方式封装好的产品排出。
有利地,仅使用所述第一转台用于执行对产品封装的纵向封闭,仅使用所述第二转台用于执行对产品封装的端部折痕的封闭。
在优选实施方式中,在折叠盒中使产品封装的端部折痕成形,所述折叠盒插设于所述第一转台和第二转台之间。
有利地,彼此反向地驱动所述第一转台和第二转台。
优选地,使所述产品和与所述产品相关联的可热封闭的材料片材从入口区域进入所述第一转台中,穿过用于封闭纵向边缘的热封闭工台,直到进入所述第一转台的出口区域中,以上所用时间与使所述产品和与所述产品相关联的可热封闭的材料片材从入口区域进入所述第二转台中,穿过用于封闭所述端部折痕的依次三个热封闭工台,直到进入所述第二转台的出口区域中所用的时间相等。
有利地,在所述第二转台的出口处弯折端部折痕和纵向折翼,并且,在粘贴所述纵向折翼之后,借由带式传送器和支承带材将封装好的产品排出。
在所述方法的优选实施方式中,以大于所述第二转台的输出推杆的速度的速度驱动带式传送器和支承带材。
另外,用于实施在前述部分所限定的方法的设备,其特征在于,所述设备包括:第一部件,配置用于将所述产品和所述可热封闭的封装材料片材同步引入称为第一转台的第一旋转传送器,所述第一部件用于将所述片材折叠成围绕所述产品的U形,以形成长度不相等的邻近于产品侧面的两个纵向折翼;至少一个热封闭工台,用于通过实现沿所述产品侧面的密封封闭将两个折翼粘贴起来并且形成纵向折翼,所述密封封闭即纵向封闭;配置用于形成称为端部折痕的侧向折痕的折叠盒,所述折叠盒安置在所述第一转台的出口处;第二部件,配置用于将处于纵向封闭配置的并且包括端部折痕的所述产品转移到称为第二转台的第二旋转传送器中,至少两对热封闭工台被安置于所述第二转台的周边;第三部件,配置用于在所述第二转台的出口处,弯折端部折痕和纵向折翼;以及第四部件,配置用以将通过使所述纵向折翼保持抵靠在所述产品的封装上而以密封的方式封装好的产品排出。
在根据本发明的设备的优选实现方式中,所述第二转台与一个接一个安置的三个热封闭工台相关联,所述三个热封闭工台配置用于每个执行对同一产品的端部折痕的部分封闭。
有利地,所述折叠盒被插设在所述第一转台和所述第二转台之间,所述第一转台的出口对应于折叠盒的入口,折叠盒的出口对应于第二转台的入口。
所述第一转台可包括成60°角间隔开的六套夹具,第一套夹具对应于转台的入口区域,第二套夹具对应于产品和所述可热成形的片材的等待和保持区域,第三套夹具对应于沿产品的纵向边缘进行热封闭的热封闭工台,第四套夹具对应于所述第一转台的出口区域,第五套夹具和第六套夹具对应于朝向所述入口区域的空载返回位置。
所述第二转台可包括成45°角间隔开的八个凹腔,第一凹腔对应于转台的入口区域,第二凹腔对应于产品的等待和保持区域,接下来的三个凹腔对应于用以封闭所述端部折痕的依次三个热封闭工台,第六凹腔对应于第二转台的出口区域,最后两个凹腔对应于朝向所述入口区域的空载返回位置。
优选地,输出工台包括轴向移动的推杆,其功能包含将产品推送到排出带式传送器上。输出工台还包括支承带材,所述支承带材与所述带式传送器相配合,用以按压产品和其封装并且给封闭粘贴留出时间,以确保所述封装的闭合。
附图说明
-通过参考附图,阅读下面示例性而非限定性的描述,将能够更好理解本发明和它的优点,所附附图中:
-图1A,1B,1C,1D和1E分别示出根据本发明方法的操作流程的产品的不同封装步骤;
-图2是运动生产线的示意图,示出了产品经过根据本发明的设备的过程中方法的阶段;
-图3是根据本发明的设备整体的示意图;
-图4是第一旋转传送器和产品封装的纵向边缘的热封闭工台的正视图,所述第一旋转传送器称为折叠转台;
-图5是第二旋转传送器的正视图,所述第二旋转传送器称为封闭转台;
-图6A是封装在折叠盒中成形后,其端部折痕的内侧端部的封闭夹板的透视详图;
-图6B是封装在折叠盒中成形后,其端部折痕的外侧端部的封闭夹板的透视详图;
-图7示出了具有侧向折叠器和纵向折叠器的最终折叠工台的细节,及
-图8示出了具有纵向折叠器,输出推杆,排出胶带和上支承带材的最终折叠工台的细节。
具体实施方式
图1A,1B,1C,1D和1E分别示出根据本发明方法的操作流程的产品封装的不同步骤。图1A示出了产品10和封装材料片材11,所述产品10由纵向传送器带动,通常为正方形或小矩形的巧克力,所述封装材料片材11被插设在产品10的轨道上。封装材料片材优选被切成带状,由一种或一组可热封闭的材料构成,其本身是公知的。
图1B示出了围绕产品10被折叠成U形的封装材料片材11,所述产品在由封装材料片材11构成的护套12的内侧以虚线示出,所述护套具有两个长度不相等的纵向折翼12a和12b,一个相对另一个弯折并限界U形的两个侧边。
图1C示出了产品10和构造完所述护套12之后的封装材料片材11,封装材料片材的两个纵向折翼12a和12b纵向封闭在重叠表面13上。通过使封装材料沿产品10的对应边缘热封闭执行该纵向封闭。
图1D示出了在折叠盒的出口处的产品10和它的由封装材料片材11局部形成的封装,折叠盒的功能是为了折叠端部14和15,端部14和15是护套12在两个纵向折翼12a和12b的重叠表面13两侧的侧向端部。端部14和15的每一个还由两个以上的封装材料层构成,建议将其封闭以使产品10的封装是完全密封的。折叠盒执行使端部折痕成形。接下来,它们将进入热封闭工台以被封闭。
图1E示出了产品10几乎整体被封装。端部折痕14和15已被封闭,称为纵向折翼16的折翼由热封闭在重叠表面13上的两个纵向折翼12a和12b构成,所述纵向折翼被弯折然后粘贴在封装好的产品10的下表面上。
这组操作应该在很高的速率下执行,大约每分钟封装600件产品,并且操作这些动作的设备应该是高效率的并且优选是结构紧凑的。
图2示出了运动生产线的示意图,图示了产品经过设备的过程中的该方法的阶段。该设备主要包括:逐步地输送产品10的线性传送器20、被插设在产品10的轨道上的封装材料片材11的供应装置(未示出)、称为第一转台21的第一旋转传送器,其将产品和封装材料片材在转台21的大约半圈上沿箭头A的方向传送到与进入折叠盒中的产品入口(未示出)对应的出口22。在折叠盒的出口处,产品由第二转台23承载在基本大于半圈的区域上沿箭头B的方向直到与最终折叠工台对应的出口24。在经过该工台之后,产品由被封装产品的线性输出传送装置25承载。
图3示出了根据本发明的设备的特别结构,其被设计用于实施适应上述的运动生产线的产品的包装方法。线性传送器20包括一组首尾相接的传送带20a,所述传送带20a与具有同步挡块的带材20b相关联,所述传送带与由确保直线移动的平行四边形机构20d致动的线性推杆20c相关联,所述传送带还与确保固定产品和封装材料片材的反推杆20e相关联,反推杆20e通过凸轮等驱动。这些部件的组合允许引导产品10和对应的封装材料片材,根据预定步长将它们定位,并且将它们放置在第一转台21即折叠转台的接收夹具21a的其中之一中。该转台21的旋转是按顺序的,以允许产品和其封装经过工台成形,尤其是经过第一热封闭工台30,其设计成确保封装材料片材的两个折翼的封闭,并且执行对沿产品的沿纵向边缘的折痕进行封闭。
在旋转半圈后,产品到达第一转台21的出口22进入折叠盒31中,在那里形成端部折痕。在折叠盒的出口处,产品被输送到相对于转台21反向转动的第二转台23的凹腔23a中。所述凹腔具有用以保持已经形成的折痕的适当的接收形状。产品10被依次带入到至少两对热封闭工台中,在所示实施例中,是对端部折痕进行热封闭的三个热封闭工台40,41和42。这三个热封闭工台是相同的并且依次接收同样的产品。多个工台的原因是由于端部折痕包括多于两个封装材料层,并且材料层数越多,热封闭时间越长。对端部折痕的热封闭所需的时间基本上是对只有两层彼此热封闭的纵向边缘进行封闭所需要的时间的三倍。由于不可能将封闭工台的加热夹板直接加压作用在材料上,因此通过将封装材料的重叠层在内部加热夹板和外部加热夹板之间夹紧而对产品实现特别有效的热封闭。因为每个产品在工台上停留的时间极短,该时间近似为大约50毫秒,以及由于为避免产品局部过热所限,根据本发明的特征,解决方案包含使同一产品多次经过热封闭工台。在当前情况下,产品经过依次三个加热工台,每个产品经过所有工台的时间基本上等于多个可热封闭的材料层经过一个工台进行粘贴的时间。
在端部折痕的热封闭操作之后,为了获得完整地折叠,应当首先折叠或弯折这些端部,接下来从端部折痕的上方弯折折翼,即纵向折翼16,所述折翼将被粘贴到产品的下表面上。用于此目的的设施包括输出工台50,其设有:一方面,通过机构50b致动并且用于弯折端部折痕14,15的侧向折叠器50a,另一方面,由枢转臂承载并且由机构致动的具有两个半部分的纵向折叠器50c,所述纵向折叠器用于弯折封装材料片材的纵向折翼16。轴向移动的推杆将产品推送到带式传送器60上,支承带材60a使产品10在带式传送器60上保持就位以留出封闭粘贴的时间,从而保证封装的闭合。
图4是称为第一转台21或折叠转台的第一旋转传送器的正视图,在该情况下,所述第一旋转传送器包括六个接收夹具21a,所述接收夹具21a在转台每前进60°的角度时依次接收产品。这些接收夹具21a由形成产品的抓取夹具的两个铰接臂21b限定,在该阶段,所述产品本身确切地说由产品10和折叠成U形的封装材料片材11构成。当转台21沿箭头A方向移动时,其第三停止位置对应于热封闭工台30,所述热封闭工台设计用以确保封装材料片材的两个折翼沿产品10的纵向边缘的折痕封闭。该热封闭工台30包括基本上安置在两个铰接臂的端部处的两个或两对加热夹板30a和30b,所述两个铰接臂允许打开和闭合加热夹板。夹板的运动可以根据运动的具体特性和固定的参数由任何部件控制,机械部件如凸轮,电气部件如电机。产品停止时的总停留时间为大约50毫秒。在这段时间期间,应该可以实现夹板的安置,热封闭以及收回加热夹板。第一转台的出口22对应于折叠盒31的入口。该折叠盒31不再详细地示出,其为通常公知的组件,被用于多种包装设备,并且特别被用于现有的欧洲专利0 295 203 A1中所描述的设备。这种折叠盒包括螺旋形的侧壁,其允许在产品10和其封装材料11被送入在所述盒内时,使封装材料片材的端部折痕成形。
图5是称为第二转台23或封闭转台的第二旋转传送器的正视图。转台23包括八个接收凹腔23a,承载产品10和它们的事先沿纵向边缘封闭的封装材料片材11。转台23沿箭头B的方向旋转并且将每个产品10依次送到热封闭工台40,41和42中。对端部折痕14和15进行热封闭的这些热封闭工台的零件将在图6A和6B中被更详细地示出。每个产品10具有右端部折痕和左端部折痕,因为热封闭的加热夹板不可以被直接施加在产品10的表面上,因此需要对于每个端部折痕14和15设置内部加热夹板和外部加热夹板,在热封闭操作期间所述内部加热夹板和外部加热夹板将被施加在封装材料的两侧。每个产品从热封闭工台中的一个行进到下一个,三个工台40,41和42一直包含有产品,这些产品中的每个在被推送到带式传送器60上之前有序地通过三个工台。
图6A是端部折痕14和15(见图1D)的(例如是热封闭工台40的)内部封闭夹板40a的放大图示。应当注意到这些夹板是成对安置的并且安装在平行四边形机构40b上,所述机构40b包括铰接在与热封闭工台40的框架一体连接的两个固定轴40d上的两个臂40c,其相反端带有夹板40a。臂40d的其中之一由机械致动器(未示出)致动,所述机械致动器例如由机械组件(如凸轮)或电机构成,以便使夹板40a沿着双向箭头D的方向移动。该动作用于将夹板40a送入暂时位于热封闭工台40中的产品的两个封装端部折痕之间的有限空间内,基本上平行于涉及到的端部折痕,等待外部夹板的安放就位。对应的外部夹板将参照图6B在下面详细描述,其功能是为了将涉及到的端部折痕向内部夹板40a按压,由此在热封闭的第一阶段所需的时间内,端部折痕被夹紧于外部夹板和对应的内部夹板之间。依次在热封闭工台40,41和42中,对左端部折痕和右端部折痕同时执行该相同的操作,并重复三次。应当注意热封闭工台41和42的结构与热封闭工台40的结构是相同的。
图6B是端部折痕14和15(见图1D)的封闭工台40,41和42中的每个的三对右侧外部封闭夹板40e,41e和42e和三对左侧外部封闭夹板40f,41f和42f的示意图。所有的右侧外部封闭夹板由同一支架40g支承,所有的左侧外部夹板由同一支架40h支承。支架40g装配有使其沿双向箭头E的方向移动的致动机构(未示出),支架40h装配有使其沿双向箭头F的方向移动的致动机构(未示出)。热封闭夹板按压端部折痕,支架40g和40h的移动第一时间使热封闭夹板抵靠端部折痕使其被夹紧于内部热封闭夹板与外部热封闭夹板之间。依次的三个工台40,41和42允许三层可热封闭的材料相粘贴并且完成产品10的密封封装。
在封闭端部折痕14和15之后,确保了产品10的密封封装功能。然后应将两个端部折痕14和15弯折并关闭下部折翼16(见图1E)。这些操作在输出工台50中执行,输出工台50包括分别沿双向箭头G的方向移动的两个侧向折叠器50a,所述两个侧向折叠器由两个平行四边形的机构50b致动,并且被安置用以相对于产品10的纵向移动方向横向滑动,进而弯折端部折痕。另一方面,输出工台50包括分开成两个半部的纵向折叠器50c,其由围绕枢转轴50e铰接的两个侧向臂50d支承并且由机构50f致动,用以弯折产品10下方的封装材料片材的纵向折翼。纵向折翼16通过热粘贴方式粘贴,其允许保持端部折痕14和15,并且将纵向折翼16施加在围绕产品10封闭的封装上。
图8更特别地示出了输出工台50的一部分,包括轴向移动的推杆50g,所述推杆的功能涉及将产品10推送至排出产品10的带式传送器60上。鉴于封装材料片材的最后折翼16被施加在封装的粘贴区域上,需要在粘贴期间被保持施加在该封装上。该保持通过支承带材60a确保,所述支承带材与带式传送器60相配合,用以留出粘贴的时间和保证封装的闭合。应当注意到封装材料片材的最后折翼16沿与产品的移动方向相同的方向闭合,这有导致该折翼开启的风险。通过带式传送器60和支承带材60a的卷动速度略大于推杆50g的速度来避免这个缺点。
工业应用的可能性
从说明书可以清楚地得知,本发明允许实现上述目的,即以很高的速率,借由紧凑的和可靠的设备,通过折叠对需要保持外观的脆弱和精致的产品施加密封封装。产品的尺寸和自然属性可以是多样的,可根据产品采用封装的材料。可根据需要采用驱动机构,但是重要的基本原则,尤其是通过利用可热封闭材料的密封封装的原理是保持不变的。为此,设备包括两个转台,其中一个包括用于两层封装材料的至少一个热封闭工台,另一个包括多个热封闭工台,用于多层例如三层封装材料的依次封闭。

Claims (19)

1.一种产品包装方法,在所述方法中,将所述产品(10)送到线性传送器(20)上,将从可热封闭的封装材料带上切割下来的片材(11)插设在所述产品的轨道上,其特征在于,将所述产品(10)和可热封闭的封装材料片材(11)同步引入称为第一转台(21)的第一旋转传送器,同时将所述片材折叠成围绕所述产品的U形,以形成长度不相等的邻近于产品侧面的两个第一纵向折翼(12a,12b),将产品及其封装送到至少一个第一热封闭工台(30),在所述至少一个第一热封闭工台中通过实现沿所述产品侧面的密封封闭将两个第一纵向折翼(12a,12b)粘贴起来并且形成第二纵向折翼(16),所述密封封闭即纵向封闭,并且,在所述第一转台(21)的出口处将所述产品和其被纵向封闭的封装转移至折叠盒(31)中,用以形成称为端部折痕(14,15)的侧向折痕,并且,将处于纵向封闭配置的并且包括端部折痕的所述产品转移到称为第二转台(23)的第二旋转传送器中,所述第二转台与至少两对热封闭工台相关联,并且,将产品依次送到所述至少两对热封闭工台的每个中,用以完成围绕所述产品的密封封闭,并且,在所述第二转台(23)的出口处,弯折侧向折痕和第二纵向折翼(16),并且,将通过使所述第二纵向折翼(16)保持抵靠在所述产品的封装上而排出以密封的方式封装好的产品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,仅使用所述第一转台(21)用于执行对产品封装的纵向封闭,仅使用所述第二转台(23)用于执行对产品封装的端部折痕(14,15)的封闭。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在折叠盒(31)中使产品封装的端部折痕(14,15)成形,所述折叠盒(31)插设于所述第一转台(21)和第二转台(23)之间。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,彼此反向地驱动所述第一转台(21)和第二转台(23)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,使所述产品(10)和与所述产品相关联的可热封闭的材料片材(11)从所述第一转台(21)的入口区域进入所述第一转台(21)中,穿过用于封闭所述第一纵向折翼(12a,12b)的纵向边缘的热封闭工台(30),直到进入所述第一转台的出口区域中,以上所用时间与使所述产品和与所述产品相关联的可热封闭的材料片材从所述第二转台(23)的入口区域进入所述第二转台(23)中,穿过用于封闭所述端部折痕(14,15)的依次三个热封闭工台(40,41,42),直到进入所述第二转台(23)的出口区域(24)中所用的时间相等。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述第二转台(23)的出口处弯折端部折痕(14,15)和第二纵向折翼(16)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在粘贴所述第二纵向折翼(16)之后,借由带式传送器(60)和支承带材(60a)将封装好的产品排出。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,以大于所述第二转台(23)的输出推杆(50g)的速度的速度驱动带式传送器(60)和支承带材(60a)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述产品是在封闭的封装中的食品。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,所述产品是在封闭的封装中的巧克力块。
11.一种用于产品包装的设备,所述设备用于实施根据前述任一项权利要求所述的方法,所述设备包括:配置用以移动所述产品的线性传送器(20),以及将从可热封闭的封装材料带上切割下来的片材插设在所述产品的轨道上的装置,其特征在于,所述设备包括:第一部件,配置用于将所述产品(10)和所述可热封闭的封装材料片材(11)同步引入称为第一转台(21)的第一旋转传送器,所述第一部件用于将所述可热封闭的封装材料片材(11)折叠成围绕所述产品(10)的U形,以形成长度不相等的邻近于产品(10)侧面的两个第一纵向折翼(12a,12b);至少一个热封闭工台(30),用于通过实现沿所述产品侧面的密封封闭将两个第一纵向折翼(12a,12b)粘贴起来并且形成第二纵向折翼(16),所述密封封闭即纵向封闭;配置用于形成称为端部折痕(14,15)的侧向折痕的折叠盒(31),所述折叠盒安置在所述第一转台(21)的出口区域(22)处;第二部件,配置用于将处于纵向封闭配置的并且包括端部折痕(14,15)的所述产品转移到称为第二转台(23)的第二旋转传送器中,至少两对热封闭工台被安置于所述第二转台(23)的周边;第三部件,配置用于在所述第二转台(23)的出口区域(24)处,弯折端部折痕(14,15)和第二纵向折翼(16);以及第四部件,配置用以将通过使所述第二纵向折翼(16)保持抵靠在所述产品(10)的封装上而排出以密封的方式封装好的产品。
12.根据权利要求11所述的设备,其特征在于,所述第二转台(23)与一个接一个安置的三个热封闭工台(40,41,42)相关联,所述三个热封闭工台配置用于每个执行对同一产品(10)的端部折痕(14,15)的部分封闭。
13.根据权利要求11所述的设备,其特征在于,所述折叠盒(31)被插设在所述第一转台(21)和所述第二转台(23)之间,所述第一转台(21)的出口区域(22)对应于折叠盒(31)的入口,折叠盒(31)的出口对应于第二转台(23)的入口。
14.根据权利要求11所述的设备,其特征在于,所述第一转台(21)包括成60°角间隔开的六套夹具(21a),第一套夹具对应于第一转台(21)的入口区域,第二套夹具对应于产品(10)和所述可热封闭的封装材料片材(11)的等待和保持区域,第三套夹具对应于沿产品的纵向边缘进行热封闭的热封闭工台(30),第四套夹具对应于所述第一转台(21)的出口区域(22),第五套夹具和第六套夹具对应于朝向所述第一转台(21)的入口区域的空载返回位置。
15.根据权利要求11所述的设备,其特征在于,所述第二转台(23)包括成45°角间隔开的八个凹腔(23a),第一凹腔对应于第二转台的入口区域(22),第二凹腔对应于产品(10)的等待和保持区域,接下来的三个凹腔对应于配置用以封闭所述端部折痕(14,15)的依次三个热封闭工台(40,41,42),第六凹腔对应于第二转台(23)的出口区域(24),最后两个凹腔对应于朝向所述第二转台的入口区域(22)的空载返回位置。
16.根据权利要求11所述的设备,其特征在于,输出工台(50)包括轴向移动的推杆(50g),其功能包含将产品(10)推送到排出带式传送器(60)上。
17.根据权利要求16所述的设备,其特征在于,输出工台(50)还包括支承带材(60a),所述支承带材(60a)与所述带式传送器(60)相配合,用以按压产品和其封装并且给封闭粘贴留出时间,以确保所述封装的闭合。
18.根据权利要求11所述的设备,其特征在于,所述产品是在封闭的封装中的食品。
19.根据权利要求18所述的设备,其特征在于,所述产品是在封闭的封装中的巧克力块。
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CN103459253A (zh) 2013-12-18
EP2688805B1 (fr) 2014-12-31

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