CN103368547B - 用于启动模拟电路的系统和方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于启动模拟电路的系统和方法,并提出了用于启动模拟设备的电路、系统和方法。一个电路包括处于输出电压(VOUT)的输出节点、被配置为被耦合到参考电压(VREF)的比较器、将输出节点耦合到比较器的反馈回路以及被耦合在输出端和输出节点之间的增压电路。增压电路被配置为增加VOUT,比较器被配置为比较VOUT和VREF,并且增压电路基于VOUT和VREF的比较被启用和停用。一个系统包括被耦合到以上电路的模拟设备。方法包括当VOUT在VREF的预定电压外时启用启动部分以便启动驱动器部分,当VOUT在预定电压内时停用启动部分,以及在停用启动部分之后启用驱动器部分以驱动模拟设备。
Description
背景
领域
多种实施方案涉及电子电路并且特别地涉及用于启动模拟电路的电路、系统和方法。
相关技术的描述
当代的启动电路利用具有产生大的尾电流的非常大的高电流设备的运算放大器,以便产生或消散用于驱动负载的最大量的电流并且在指定的时间内在输出端上产生期望的模拟电压。这些启动电路的一个缺点是,运算放大器是闭环系统的一部分,并且因此即使是高速度的运算放大器也仅能够以和反馈回路所允许的相同的速度进行响应。因此,当代的启动电路需要产生大量的电流的运算放大器,这导致在从待机到活动状态期间的相对缓慢的启动。
附图简述
为了使本发明的优点容易理解,将通过参照在所附的附图中图示的具体的实施方案作出对上文简要地描述的本发明的更具体的描述。要理解的是,这些附图仅描绘了本发明的典型的实施方案并且不因此被认为是对其范围的限制,本发明将通过使用附图以另外的方式和细节被描述和解释,在附图中:
图1是用于模拟电路的启动电路的一个实施方案的示意图;
图2是包括模拟设备和图1中的启动电路的系统的一个实施方案的框图;以及
图3是用于启动模拟设备的方法的一个实施方案的流程图。
附图的详细描述
在本描述中对“一个实施方案”或“一实施方案”的指代意指与该实施方案相关地描述的具体的特征、结构或特性被包括在本发明的至少一个实施方案中。位于本说明书中的各位置处的短语“在一个实施方案中”不一定指代同一个实施方案。
在以下的详细描述中,为了解释的目的,多种具体的细节被提出以提供对本申请的主题内容的充分的理解。然而,将是对于本领域的技术人员而言明显的是,所公开的实施方案、要求保护的主题内容以及它们的等效物可以在没有这些具体的细节的情况下被实践。
详细描述包括对附图的参考,附图形成详细描述的一部分。附图示出了根据示例性的实施方案的图示。这些实施方案还可以在本文中被称为“实施例”,其以足够的细节描述以使本领域的技术人员能够实践本文描述的要求保护的主题内容的实施方案。实施方案可以被组合,其他的实施方案可以被利用,或结构的、逻辑的和电的改变可以被作出,而不偏离要求保护的主题内容的范围和精神。应当理解,本文描述的实施方案无意于限制主题内容的范围,而是使本领域的技术人员能够实践、制造和/或使用主题内容。
多种实施方案提供启动电路。一个启动电路包括输出节点和比较器,输出节点包括输出电压(VOUT),比较器包括第一输入端、第二输入端以及输出端,第一输入端被配置为被耦合到参考电压(VREF)。启动电路还包括将输出节点耦合到第二输入端的反馈回路,以及被耦合在输出端和输出节点之间并且被配置为被耦合到供电电压(VPWR)的增压电路(turbo circuit)。增压电路被配置为增加VOUT,比较器被配置为比较VOUT和VREF,并且增压电路基于VOUT和VREF的比较被启用和停用。
其他的实施方案提供电子系统。一个电子系统包括VREF、模拟设备、以及被耦合到模拟设备并且被耦合到VREF的启动电路。启动电路包括VOUT、启动部分和驱动器部分。启动电路被配置为当VOUT小于VREF的预定电压时启用启动部分以便启动驱动器部分,当VOUT在VREF的预定电压内时则停用启动部分,以及在停用启动部分之后启用驱动器部分以便驱动模拟设备。
还提供了用于通过包括启动部分和驱动器部分的启动电路来启动模拟设备的方法。一个方法包括当启动电路的VOUT在VREF的预定电压外时启用启动部分以便启动驱动器部分,当VOUT在VREF的预定电压内时则停用启动部分,以及在停用启动部分之后启用驱动器部分以便驱动模拟设备。
现在转向附图,图1是用于模拟设备的启动电路100的一个实施方案的框图。至少在所图示的实施方案中,电路100包括比较器110、控制逻辑120、增压电路130、形成n-跟随器设备的n-沟道金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(nMOSFET)140、运算放大器(op amp)150和反馈回路155。在一个实施方案中,比较器110、控制逻辑120、增压电路130和反馈回路155构成电路100的启动部分25,而nMOSFET 140、运算放大器150和反馈回路155构成电路100的驱动器部分50。
比较器110可以是本领域中已知的或未来开发的比较器、比较设备和/或比较系统。在多种实施方案中,比较器110通过来自控制逻辑120的信号停用,以消除和/或减少任何非必要的功率消耗。
比较器110被配置为具有最低限度的迟滞电压(例如+/-5mV),使得比较器110在期望的模拟输出电压(VOUT)内停用增压电路130。即,比较器110被配置为在VREF的预定电压以内的电压“跳变(trip)”。在一个实施方案中,VREF可以是在约0.6伏特至约1.2伏特的范围内的任何电压。例如,比较器110可以被配置为以在VREF的约5mV至约50mV范围内的电压(例如迟滞电压)跳变,但是其他的迟滞电压范围也可以被利用,这取决于电路100的应用。在一个实施方案中,比较器110被配置为在VREF的约5mV的电压跳变。
如图1中图示的,比较器110的正输入端被耦合到参考电压(VREF)并且比较器110的负输入端被耦合到节点160。比较器110的输出端被耦合到控制逻辑120的输入端。
控制逻辑120可以是能够响应于接收来自比较器110的输入提供控制信号(例如逻辑高信号或逻辑低信号)的控制逻辑、电路和/或系统。在一个实施方案中,控制逻辑120被配置为响应于接收来自比较器110的、指示VREF是较大的电压的信号来输出逻辑低信号(例如逻辑0信号或0伏特信号)并且响应于接收来自比较器110的、指示VOUT是较大的电压的信号来输出逻辑高信号(例如逻辑1信号或1.2伏特信号)。控制逻辑120被耦合到增压电路130并且被配置为将控制信号输出至增压电路130。
在一个实施方案中,增压电路130包括p-沟道金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(pMOSFET)1310、pMOSFET 1320和nMOSFET 1330。pMOSFET 1310的栅极被耦合到控制逻辑120的输出端并且被配置为接收由控制逻辑120产生的控制信号。pMOSFET 1310的源极和主体(bulk)被耦合到供电电压(VPWR)并且pMOSFET 1310的漏极被耦合到pMOSFET 1320的源极。
pMOSFET 1320的主体被耦合到VPWR并且pMOSFET 1320的栅极被耦合到接地(VGND)。pMOSFET 1320的漏极被耦合到nMOSFET 1330的源极。
nMOSFET 1330的栅极被耦合到节点170,节点170被耦合到比较器110的正输入端。nMOSFET 1330的主体和漏极被耦合到节点175,节点175被耦合于节点180。
节点180被耦合到nMOSFET 140(即n-跟随器设备)的栅极并且nMOSFET 140的漏极被耦合到VPWR。nMOSFET 140的主体和源极被耦合到节点185。
节点185被耦合到节点190,节点190被耦合到电路100的输出端(OUT)并且被耦合到节点160,节点160被耦合到运算放大器150的负端子。运算放大器150可以是任何本领域中已知的或未来开发的运算放大器。在多种实施方案中,运算放大器150是额定为小于10uA的高增益放大器。在一个实施方案中,运算放大器150是5uA高增益运算放大器。运算放大器150的输出端被耦合到节点180,并且运算放大器150的正输入端被耦合到节点195,节点195被耦合到VREF并且被耦合到节点170。
VOUT被耦合到比较器110的负端子和运算放大器150的负端子,形成反馈回路197。即,VOUT被提供至比较器110和运算放大器150二者,使得VOUT可以通过比较器110与VREF比较并且关于由运算放大器150构成的单位增益放大器使用。
电路100的多种实施方案利用比之前的启动电路小的电子设备。具体地,增压电路130使电路能够使用比之前的启动电路小的运算放大器(即运算放大器150)和较小量的电流。
以下是对电路100的一个实施方案的操作的描述。然而,电路100的多种实施方案不限于电路100的以下的操作描述。
当电路100被启用时(例如当在比较器110和运算放大器150的正端子上的电压在VREF并且nMOSFET 140的栅极和OUT在VGND时),比较器110接通,这导致控制逻辑120向增压电路130提供逻辑低信号。具体地,来自控制逻辑120的逻辑低信号使pMOSFET 1310接通。被接通的pMOSFET使pMOSFET 1320接通。
被接通的pMOSFET 1320导致nMOSFET 1330的源极在VPWR,nMOSFET 1330的栅极在VREF,并且nMOSFET 1330的漏极达到VREF,因为该nMOSFET 1330是本地设备或零阈值设备。在这种情况下,运算放大器150的输出端通过负反馈155达到近似VREF,负反馈155将栅极供应至nMOSFET 140。在此,pMOSFET 1310和pMOSFET 1320在仿真电阻器的线性区域中操作,且与零阈值电压(耗尽)n-跟随器设备(即nMOSFET 1330)串联。因为nMOSFET 140的栅极被耦合到VREF,所以当被启用时,增压电路130迅速地将nMOSFET 140的源极强迫达到VREF。
当nMOSFET 140的源极达到VREF时,输出(OUT)上升,直到电压等于VREF。当VOUT在VREF的预定电压内(例如在VREF的约20mV内)时,比较器110跳变。
比较器110跳变导致控制逻辑120向增压电路130提供逻辑高信号。具体地,逻辑高信号使pMOSFET 1310关断,这使pMOSFET 1320和nMOSFET 1330中的每个也关断。随着增压电路130关断,运算放大器150的输出端接管反馈回路系统的操作,将nMOSFET 140的栅极保持在稳定的电压,以向输出端(OUT)提供等于VREF的缓冲电压。因此,运算放大器150能够驱动被耦合到电路100的输出端的电流负载。
图2是包括一个或多个模拟设备210(例如模拟设备210-1至模拟设备210-N)和被耦合到启动电路100的参考电压发生器220的系统100的一个实施方案的框图。模拟设备210可以是本领域中已知的或未来开发的任何模拟设备,包括应当被驱动的电流负载。模拟设备210的实例包括但不限于芯片上模拟电源域、用于测量设备阈值电压的硅-氧化物-氮化物-氧化物-硅(SONOS)阵列设备、在存储器设备中利用的读出放大器、和参考电压模拟电路。
在一个实施方案中,模拟设备210每个都是相同的类型的模拟设备。在另一个实施方案中,模拟设备210中的至少两个是不同类型的模拟设备。在又一个实施方案中,模拟设备210每个都是不同类型的模拟设备。
参考电压发生器220可以是能够在过程电压和温度上产生稳定参考电压的任何类型的设备和/或系统。在一个实施方案中,参考电压发生器被配置为产生带隙参考电压。在其他的实施方案中,参考电压发生器被配置为产生在约0.6伏特至约1.2伏特的范围内的参考电压。参考电压发生器220被配置为向启动电路100提供所产生的电压作为输入。
如上文讨论的,启动电路100被配置为当VOUT小于VREF的预定电压时启用启动部分25以便启动驱动器部分50并且当VOUT在VREF的预定电压内时停用启动部分25。此外,启动电路100被配置为在停用启动部分25之后启动驱动器部分50以驱动模拟设备210。
当VOUT在VREF的约5mV至约50mV的范围外时启用启动部分25。在一个实施方案中,当VOUT在VREF的约5mV外时启用启动部分25。
当VOUT在VREF的约5mV至约50mV的范围内时停用启动部分25。在一个实施方案中,当VOUT在VREF的约5mV内时停用启动部分25。
启动电路100被配置为产生等于从参考电压发生器220作为输入被接收的参考电压的缓冲电压(例如在约0.6伏特至约1.2伏特的范围内的电压)。缓冲电压随后被利用作为到模拟设备210的输入以驱动模拟设备210。
图3是利用启动电路(例如启动电路100)来启动模拟设备(例如模拟设备210)的方法300的一个实施方案的流程图。至少在所图示的实施方案中,方法300通过启用启动电路的启动部分(例如启动部分25)开始(块310),启动电路中的多种电路元件在接地(VGND)。在一个实施方案中,当启动电路的输入端处的电压在大于VGND的参考电压(VREF)时启用启动电路。
方法300包括将反馈回路(例如反馈回路197)中的电压(VOUT)与VREF比较(块320),以确定VOUT是否小于VREF的预定电压(例如5mV)(块325)。如果VOUT小于VREF的预定电压(例如5mV),那么方法300包括通过增压电路(例如增压电路130)增加VOUT(块330)并且再次比较VOUT和VREF(块320)。如果VOUT在VREF的预定电压内,那么方法300包括停用启动部分(例如增压电路)(块340)。
在增压电路被停用之后,启用启动电路的驱动器部分(例如驱动器部分50)(块350)。方法300还包括利用来自驱动器部分(运算放大器50)的增益来驱动模拟设备(块360)。
虽然在本发明的以上的详细描述中已经提出了至少一个示例性的实施方案,但是应意识到,存在多种变化形式。还应意识到,所述一个或多个示例性的实施方案仅是例子,并且不意图以任何方式限制本发明的范围、适用性或配置。相反地,以上的详细描述将向本领域的技术人员提供用于实施本发明的示例性的实施方案的方便的路线图,将理解的是,可以作出在示例性的实施方案中描述的要素的功能和排列的多种改变,而不偏离如在所附的权利要求和它们的法律上的等效物中提出的本发明的范围。
如本领域的技术人员将意识到的,本发明的方面可以作为装置、系统或方法被实施。据此,本发明的方面可以采取完全硬件的实施方案的形式或可以采取组合了所有在本文中通称为“电路”、“模块”或“系统”的硬件和软件方面的实施方案的形式。
本发明的方面在上文参照了根据多种实施方案的方法、装置和系统的流程图图示和/或框图被描述。将理解,流程图图示和/或框图中的每个块以及流程图图示和/或框图中的块的组合可以被计算机程序指令实施。这些计算机程序指令可以被提供至通用计算机、专用计算机或其他的可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生机器,使得通过计算机或其他的可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令创造用于实施在流程图和/或一个或多个框图块中指定的功能/动作的手段。
这些计算机程序指令也可以被存储在计算机可读的介质中,该计算机可读的介质能够引导计算机、其他的可编程数据处理设备或其他的装置以特定的方式起作用,使得被存储在计算机可读的介质中的指令产生包含实施在流程图和/或一个或多个框图块中指定的功能/动作的指令的制造物品。计算机程序指令也可以被加载至计算机、其他的可编程数据处理设备或其他的装置上,以使一系列的操作步骤在计算机、其他的可编程装置或其他的设备上执行,以产生被计算机实施的过程,使得在计算机或其他的可编程装置上执行的指令提供用于实施在流程图和/或一个或多个框图块中指定的功能/动作的过程。
上文的附图中的流程图和框图图示了根据多种实施方案的装置、系统和方法的可能的实施的构造、功能性和操作。在这点上,流程图或框图中的每个块可以代表模块、片段或代码部分,其包括一个或多个用于实施指定的逻辑功能的可执行指令。还应当注意的是,在某些可选择的实施中,在块中提到的功能可以不按附图中提到的顺序发生。例如,被顺续示出的两个块可以实际上被实质上并行地执行,或者这些块可以有时被按相反的顺序执行,这取决于所涉及的功能性。还将注意的是,框图和/或流程图图示中的每个块以及框图和/或流程图图示中的块的组合可以被执行指定的功能或动作的基于专用硬件的系统或专用硬件和计算机指令的组合实施。
虽然已经详细地图示了一个或多个实施方案,但是本领域的技术人员将意识到,可以作出对那些实施方案的修改和改进,而不偏离多种实施方案的如在以下的权利要求中提出的范围。
Claims (16)
1.一种启动电路,包括:
输出节点,其处于输出电压;
运算放大器,其耦合到所述输出节点;
比较器,其包括第一输入端、第二输入端和输出端,所述第一输入端被配置为被耦合到参考电压;
反馈回路,其将所述输出节点耦合到所述第二输入端;以及
增压电路,其被耦合在所述输出端和所述输出节点之间,并且被配置为被耦合到供电电压,所述增压电路被配置为增加所述输出电压,其中:
所述比较器被配置为比较所述输出电压和所述参考电压,当在所述输出节点处的所述输出电压在所述参考电压的预定电压内时,所述增压电路被停用,当在所述输出节点处的所述输出电压在所述参考电压的预定电压之外时,所述运算放大器启动,并且所述运算放大器驱动被耦合到所述输出节点的负载。
2.根据权利要求1所述的启动电路,其中所述增压电路包括:
第一p-沟道金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管;
第二p-沟道金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管,其耦合到所述第一p-沟道金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管;以及
第一n-沟道金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管。
3.根据权利要求2所述的启动电路,还包括被耦合在所述比较器和所述增压电路之间的控制逻辑,所述控制逻辑被配置为基于从所述比较器接收的信号启用和停用所述增压电路。
4.根据权利要求3所述的启动电路,其中所述比较器被配置为当所述输出电压在所述参考电压的预定电压内时跳变,所述信号指示所述输出电压是否在所述参考电压的所述预定电压内。
5.根据权利要求4所述的启动电路,其中所述预定电压是在所述参考电压的约5mV至约50mV范围内的迟滞电压。
6.根据权利要求4所述的启动电路,其中所述预定电压在所述参考电压的5mV内。
7.根据权利要求3所述的启动电路,其中:
所述第一p-沟道金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管包括第一栅极、第一源极和第一漏极;
所述第二p-沟道金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管包括第二栅极、第二源极和第二漏极;
所述第一n-沟道金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管包括第三栅极、第三源极和第三漏极;
所述第一栅极被耦合到所述控制逻辑,所述第一源极被耦合到所述供电电压,并且所述第一漏极被耦合到所述第二源极;
所述第二栅极被耦合到接地电压并且所述第二漏极被耦合到所述第三漏极;并且
所述第三栅极被耦合到所述参考电压并且所述第三源极被耦合到所述输出电压。
8.根据权利要求1所述的启动电路,其中,所述运算放大器包括耦合到所述参考电压的第三输入端、耦合到所述反馈回路的第四输入端以及耦合到所述增压电路的第三输出端的第二输出端。
9.根据权利要求8所述的启动电路,还包括被耦合到所述输出节点和与所述第二输出端和所述第三输出端耦合的节点之间的n-跟随器设备。
10.根据权利要求9所述的启动电路,其中所述n-跟随器设备包括n-沟道金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管,所述n-沟道金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管包括:
栅极,其耦合到所述与所述第二输出端和所述第三输出端耦合的节点;
漏极,其耦合到所述供电电压;
源极,其耦合到所述输出节点;以及
主体,其耦合到所述输出节点。
11.一种用于启动电路的系统,包括:
参考电压;
模拟设备;以及
启动电路,其耦合到所述模拟设备并且耦合到所述参考电压,所述启动电路包括:
输出节点,其处于输出电压,
运算放大器,其耦合到所述输出节点,
启动部分,其包括比较器,所述比较器包括第一输入端、第二输入端和输出端,所述第一输入端被耦合到所述参考电压,
反馈回路,其将所述输出节点耦合到所述第二输入端,以及
增压电路,其被耦合在所述输出端和所述输出节点之间,并且被耦合到供电电压,所述增压电路被配置为增加所述输出电压,
其中:
所述比较器被配置为比较所述输出电压和所述参考电压,当在所述输出节点处的所述输出电压在所述参考电压的预定电压内时,所述增压电路被停用,当在所述输出节点处的所述输出电压在所述参考电压的预定电压之外时,所述运算放大器启动,并且所述运算放大器驱动被耦合到所述输出节点的负载。
12.根据权利要求11所述的系统,还包括被耦合在所述比较器和所述增压电路之间的控制逻辑,所述控制逻辑被配置为基于从所述比较器接收的信号启用和停用所述增压电路。
13.根据权利要求12所述的系统,其中所述比较器被配置为当所述输出电压在所述参考电压的预定电压内时跳变,所述信号指示所述输出电压是否在所述参考电压的所述预定电压内,所述预定电压是在所述参考电压的约5mV至约50mV的范围内的迟滞电压。
14.根据权利要求11所述的系统,其中,所述运算放大器包括耦合到所述参考电压的第三输入端、耦合到所述反馈回路的第四输入端、以及耦合到所述增压电路的第三输出端的第二输出端。
15.根据权利要求14所述的系统,还包括被耦合在所述输出节点和与所述第二输出端和所述第三输出端耦合的节点之间的n-跟随器设备。
16.根据权利要求11所述的系统,其中所述模拟设备是芯片上模拟电源域、SONOS阵列设备、存储器读出放大器和参考电压模拟电路中的一个。
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