CN103314758A - Method for artificially cultivating saussurea involucrata - Google Patents
Method for artificially cultivating saussurea involucrata Download PDFInfo
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- CN103314758A CN103314758A CN2013102742571A CN201310274257A CN103314758A CN 103314758 A CN103314758 A CN 103314758A CN 2013102742571 A CN2013102742571 A CN 2013102742571A CN 201310274257 A CN201310274257 A CN 201310274257A CN 103314758 A CN103314758 A CN 103314758A
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- 241001145025 Saussurea involucrata Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000133134 Saussurea Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000021217 seedling development Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 206010001928 Amenorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940127554 medical product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002175 menstrual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000003068 rheumatic fever Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for artificially cultivating saussurea involucrate. The method mainly includes procedures of base selection, associated substrate placing, seed sowing, final signaling, irrigation and the like. The method has the advantages that the saussurea involucrate can be cultivated in large areas by means of artificial cultivation, the cultivated saussurea involucrate is quite similar to a native or wild material owing to a highly bionic cultivation mode, and accordingly can be used as a substitute for the native or wild material, sustainable medicine resources can be provided for pharmaceutical markets, wild saussurea involucrata resources are protected, and the method has an important significance in maintaining the diversity of wildlife.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of artificial cultivation saussurea involucrata.
Background technology
Herba Saussureae Involueratae (
Saussurea involucrata) be the composite family hieracioides belong to (
Saussurea DC.) herbaceos perennial, record in the successive dynasties Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, mainly be distributed in Tianshan Mountains and mountain range, Altai Mountains, be to be the peculiar rare medicinal plant in Xinjiang.Have function such as restore menstrual flow and invigorate blood circulation, the stasis of blood is loose in warm palace, dispelling cold and removing dampness and strong muscle are supporing yang, be used for the treatment of rheumatic arthritis, lung cold cough, diseases such as amenorrhoea, its medical product and health products curative effect are very remarkable, and market demand increases year by year, and the prices of raw and semifnished materials are soaring year by year.
Saussurea involucrata is grown near the above snow line of height above sea level 1800m, and living environment is harsh, and growth cycle is long, and the natural repair ability of resource is very weak.In recent years, because human excessively excavating, the deterioration of natural ecological environment in addition causes the Herba Saussureae Involueratae wild resource to fall sharply rapidly, and is endangered.There is this situation equally in other saussurea involucrata producing region of China such as ground such as Tibet, Qinghai.
Because the saussurea involucrata growth is subjected to the restriction of multiple natural conditions such as environment, weather, never can realize artificial cultivation, existing market circulation saussurea involucrata crude drug relies on wild resource to supply with fully.
Therefore, the artificial cultivation of saussurea involucrata is bred and the production that standardizes, and becomes the basis of its industry sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
The method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of artificial cultivation saussurea involucrata.
Purpose of the present invention mainly realizes by following process:
The base is selected:Select height above sea level more than 1800 meters, July mean temperature of air should be lower than 15 degrees centigrade alpine meadow or gravel slope as milpa, require ground line gradient less than 15 °.
Put association matrix:With thickness for greater than 10cm, to grow up in 45cm, tall and big cement plate or diameter in 30cm be association matrix greater than cobble or the stone of 30cm, with association matrix annular or bar shaped discharging, during the bar shaped discharging, direction and wind direction keep greater than 60 degree～vertical, line-spacing between the association matrix is 30～50cm, is beneficial to ventilate and accept illumination, and association matrix bottom is imbedded in the soil, the part of basseting is 15～20cm, with the having peace of mind of association matrix ambient earth.
Sowing:After April～May, temperature was stablized, when soil moisture is 60%～70%, can sow wholely, earlier near the whole pine of the soil association matrix is raked, then with the program request of saussurea involucrata seed near association matrix 5cm with in the interior soil, program request 2～3 caves around every association matrix; 3～5 seeds in every cave, seed level 1cm～1.5cm.
Management process is as follows:
Final singling:When the saussurea involucrata seedling grows 3 true leaves, the beginning final singling, every cave keeps a healthy and strong seedling.
Hoe up weeds:Saussurea involucrata vegetative period often with very near ruderal, so bionic cultivation do not need whole weeds are removed, and only needs its growth comparatively fast, bigger weeds are pulled out and get final product, in case influence the saussurea involucrata seedling development.
Irrigate:The growth of cereal crop seedlings water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles is looked in suitably restraining the growth of seedlings after 25～35 days in seedling stage, slope pouring from up to down, and water is unsuitable excessive, can take modes such as flood irrigation, sprinkling irrigation or drip irrigation, irrigates once in 15～20 days according to weather and the growth of cereal crop seedlings later on.
The present invention passes through artificial cultivation; can realize the big zone cultivation of saussurea involucrata; owing to adopt high bionic cultivation pattern; the saussurea involucrata of cultivating and primary or wild material are very approaching; therefore can be used as the substitute of primary or wild material; for medical market provides the drug resource of sustainable use, to protection saussurea involucrata wild resource, safeguard that the wildlife diversity has very important significance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 1 plane figure.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 2 plane figures.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 3 plane figures.
Shown in the figure: 1 is cement plate, and 2 are kind of a cave, and 3 is cobble or stone, and direction of arrow indication is wind direction.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: with reference to Fig. 1, be the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 1 plane figure for Fig. 1 of the present invention.
Select height above sea level more than 1800 meters, July mean temperature of air should be lower than 15 degrees centigrade alpine meadow or gravel slope as milpa, require ground line gradient less than 15 °.
With thickness for greater than 10cm, to grow up in 45cm, tall and big cement plate in 30cm be association matrix, the bar shaped of association matrix is discharged, direction and wind direction keep greater than 60 degree～vertical, line-spacing between the association matrix is 30～50cm, be beneficial to ventilate and accept illumination, association matrix bottom is imbedded in the soil, and the part of basseting is 15～20cm, with the having peace of mind of association matrix ambient earth.
After April～May, temperature was stablized, when soil moisture is 60%～70%, can sow wholely, earlier near the whole pine of the soil association matrix is raked, then with the program request of saussurea involucrata seed near association matrix 5cm with in the interior soil, program request 2～3 caves around every association matrix; 3～5 seeds in every cave, seed level 1cm～1.5cm.
When the saussurea involucrata seedling grows 3 true leaves, the beginning final singling, every cave keeps a healthy and strong seedling.
Saussurea involucrata vegetative period often with very near ruderal, so bionic cultivation do not need whole weeds are removed, and only needs its growth comparatively fast, bigger weeds are pulled out and get final product, in case influence the saussurea involucrata seedling development.
Seedling stage, suitably restraining the growth of seedlings was taked the sprinkling irrigation mode after 25～35 days, looked the growth of cereal crop seedlings water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles, and water is unsuitable excessive, prevents from washing away earth, irrigates once in 15～20 days according to weather and the growth of cereal crop seedlings later on, when soil moisture is lower than 60%, can irrigate.
Certainly also can adopt the slope pouring from up to down of flood irrigation mode, but this mode wants strict grasp ability of swimming water unsuitable excessive, to prevent from washing away earth.
Also can take modes such as drip irrigation, will note under the drip irrigation mode guaranteeing at least at every association matrix place at least one delivery port being set.
Embodiment 2: with reference to Fig. 2, be the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 2 plane figures.
Select height above sea level more than 1800 meters, July mean temperature of air should be lower than 15 degrees centigrade alpine meadow or gravel slope as milpa, require ground line gradient less than 15 °.
Be association matrix with diameter greater than cobble or the stone of 30cm, with association matrix annular vent, during the bar shaped discharging, direction keeps vertical with wind direction, line-spacing between the association matrix is 30～50cm, is beneficial to ventilate and accept illumination, and association matrix bottom is imbedded in the soil, the part of basseting is 15～20cm, with the having peace of mind of association matrix ambient earth.
After April～May, temperature was stablized, when soil moisture is 60%～70%, can sow wholely, earlier near the whole pine of the soil association matrix is raked, then with the program request of saussurea involucrata seed near association matrix 5cm with in the interior soil, program request 2～3 caves around every association matrix; 3～5 seeds in every cave, seed level 1cm～1.5cm.
When the saussurea involucrata seedling grows 3 true leaves, the beginning final singling, every cave keeps a healthy and strong seedling.
Saussurea involucrata is in vegetative period, and it is very fast to grow, and bigger weeds are pulled out and get final product, in case influence the saussurea involucrata seedling development.
Seedling stage, suitably restraining the growth of seedlings was taked modes such as drip irrigation after 25～35 days, will note guaranteeing at least under the drip irrigation mode at every association matrix place at least one delivery port being set, and looked the growth of cereal crop seedlings water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles, and irrigated once in 15～20 days according to weather and the growth of cereal crop seedlings later on.
Certainly also can adopt the slope pouring from up to down of flood irrigation mode, but this mode wants strict grasp ability of swimming water unsuitable excessive, to prevent from washing away earth.
Also can take the sprinkling irrigation mode to water, the same GPRS flow of water is unsuitable excessive, to prevent from washing away earth.
Generally speaking, when soil moisture is lower than 70%, can irrigate.
Embodiment 3: with reference to Fig. 3, be the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 3 plane figures.
Select 1900 meters of height above sea level, July mean temperature of air should be lower than 15 degrees centigrade alpine meadow or gravel slope as milpa, require ground line gradient less than 15 °.
With thickness for greater than 10cm, growing up is mixed into association matrix in 45cm, tall and big cement plate and diameter in 30cm greater than cobble or the stone of 30cm, with association matrix or annular or bar shaped discharging, during the bar shaped discharging, direction and wind direction keep greater than 60 degree, line-spacing between the association matrix is 30～50cm, is beneficial to ventilate and accept illumination, and association matrix bottom is imbedded in the soil, the part of basseting is 15～20cm, with the having peace of mind of association matrix ambient earth.
After April～May, temperature was stablized, when soil moisture is 60%～70%, can sow wholely, earlier near the whole pine of the soil association matrix is raked, then with the program request of saussurea involucrata seed near association matrix 5cm with in the interior soil, program request 2～3 caves around every association matrix; 3～5 seeds in every cave, seed level 1cm～1.5cm.
When the saussurea involucrata seedling grows 3 true leaves, the beginning final singling, every cave keeps a healthy and strong seedling.
Saussurea involucrata is in vegetative period, and it is very fast to grow, and bigger weeds are pulled out and get final product, in case influence the saussurea involucrata seedling development.
Seedling stage, suitably restraining the growth of seedlings was taked the sprinkling irrigation mode after 25～35 days, looked the growth of cereal crop seedlings water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles, and water is unsuitable excessive, prevents from washing away earth, irrigates once in 15～20 days according to weather and the growth of cereal crop seedlings later on.
Certainly also can adopt the slope pouring from up to down of flood irrigation mode, but this mode wants strict grasp ability of swimming water unsuitable excessive, to prevent from washing away earth.
Also can take modes such as drip irrigation, will note under the drip irrigation mode guaranteeing at least at every association matrix place at least one delivery port being set.
Generally speaking, when soil moisture is lower than 65%, can irrigate.
Embodiment 4: select height above sea level more than 2000 meters, July mean temperature of air should be lower than 15 degrees centigrade alpine meadow or gravel slope as milpa, require ground line gradient less than 15 °.
With thickness for greater than 10cm, to grow up in 45cm, tall and big cement plate in 30cm be association matrix, the bar shaped of association matrix is discharged, during the bar shaped discharging, direction and wind direction keep greater than 80 degree, line-spacing between the association matrix is 30～50cm, is beneficial to ventilate and accept illumination, and association matrix bottom is imbedded in the soil, the part of basseting is 15～20cm, with the having peace of mind of association matrix ambient earth.
After April～May, temperature was stablized, when soil moisture is 60%～70%, can sow wholely, earlier near the whole pine of the soil association matrix is raked, then with the program request of saussurea involucrata seed near association matrix 5cm with in the interior soil, program request 2～3 caves around every association matrix; 3～5 seeds in every cave, seed level 1cm～1.5cm.
When the saussurea involucrata seedling grows 3 true leaves, the beginning final singling, every cave keeps a healthy and strong seedling.
Saussurea involucrata is in vegetative period, and it is very fast to grow, and bigger weeds are pulled out, in case influence the saussurea involucrata seedling development.
Seedling stage, suitably restraining the growth of seedlings was taked the sprinkling irrigation mode after 25～35 days, looked the growth of cereal crop seedlings water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles, and water is unsuitable excessive, prevents from washing away earth, irrigates once in 15～20 days according to weather and the growth of cereal crop seedlings later on.
Certainly also can adopt the slope pouring from up to down of flood irrigation mode, but this mode wants strict grasp ability of swimming water unsuitable excessive, to prevent from washing away earth.
Also can take modes such as drip irrigation, will note under the drip irrigation mode guaranteeing at least at every association matrix place at least one delivery port being set.
Generally speaking, when soil moisture is lower than 50%, can irrigate.
Embodiment 5: select 2200 meters of height above sea level, July mean temperature of air should be lower than 15 degrees centigrade alpine meadow or gravel slope as milpa, require ground line gradient less than 15 °.
Be association matrix with diameter greater than cobble or the stone of 30cm, with association matrix annular vent, the line-spacing between the association matrix is 30～50cm, be beneficial to ventilate and accept illumination, association matrix bottom is imbedded in the soil, and the part of basseting is 15～20cm, with the having peace of mind of association matrix ambient earth.
After April～May, temperature was stablized, when soil moisture is 60%～70%, can sow wholely, earlier near the whole pine of the soil association matrix is raked, then with the program request of saussurea involucrata seed near association matrix 5cm with in the interior soil, program request 2～3 caves around every association matrix; 3～5 seeds in every cave, seed level 1cm～1.5cm.
When the saussurea involucrata seedling grows 3 true leaves, the beginning final singling, every cave keeps a healthy and strong seedling.
Saussurea involucrata is in vegetative period, and it is very fast to grow, and bigger weeds are pulled out, in case influence the saussurea involucrata seedling development.
Seedling stage, suitably restraining the growth of seedlings was taked the sprinkling irrigation mode after 25～35 days, looked the growth of cereal crop seedlings water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles, and water is unsuitable excessive, prevents from washing away earth, irrigates once in 15～20 days according to weather and the growth of cereal crop seedlings later on.
Certainly also can adopt the slope pouring from up to down of flood irrigation mode, but this mode wants strict grasp ability of swimming water unsuitable excessive, to prevent from washing away earth.
Also can take modes such as drip irrigation, will note under the drip irrigation mode guaranteeing at least at every association matrix place at least one delivery port being set.
Generally speaking, when soil moisture is lower than 55%, can irrigate.
Claims (1)
1. one kind
The method of artificial cultivation saussurea involucrata, it is characterized in that: mainly realize by following process:
The base is selected:Select height above sea level more than 1800 meters, July mean temperature of air should be lower than 15 degrees centigrade alpine meadow or gravel slope as milpa, require ground line gradient less than 15 °;
Put association matrix:With thickness for greater than 10cm, to grow up in 45cm, tall and big cement plate or diameter in 30cm be association matrix greater than cobble or the stone of 30cm, with association matrix annular or bar shaped discharging, during the bar shaped discharging, direction and wind direction keep greater than 60 degree angles～vertical, line-spacing between the association matrix is 30～50cm, association matrix bottom is imbedded in the soil, and the part of basseting is 15～20cm, with the having peace of mind of association matrix ambient earth;
Sowing:After April～May, temperature was stablized, when soil moisture is 60%～70%, can sow wholely, earlier near the whole pine of the soil association matrix is raked, then with the program request of saussurea involucrata seed near association matrix 5cm with in the interior soil, program request 2～3 caves around every association matrix; 3～5 seeds in every cave, seed level 1cm～1.5cm;
Final singling:When the saussurea involucrata seedling grows 3 true leaves, the beginning final singling, every cave keeps a healthy and strong seedling;
Irrigate:The growth of cereal crop seedlings water of gravying with meat or vegetables poured over rice or noodles is looked in suitably restraining the growth of seedlings after 25～35 days in seedling stage, and slope pouring from up to down, described pouring can be taked a kind of in flood irrigation, sprinkling irrigation or the drip irrigation mode, irrigate once in 15～20 days according to weather and the growth of cereal crop seedlings later on.
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| CN201310274257.1A CN103314758B (en) | 2013-07-02 | 2013-07-02 | Method for artificially cultivating saussurea involucrata |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104541927A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-04-29 | 金思思 | High-yield cultivation method of organic yacon |
| CN107439181A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-12-08 | 阜康国有林管理局 | Xinjiang Saussurea involucrate Proterozoic structure of community rationally and fast breeding method |
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2013
- 2013-07-02 CN CN201310274257.1A patent/CN103314758B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104541927A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-04-29 | 金思思 | High-yield cultivation method of organic yacon |
| CN107439181A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-12-08 | 阜康国有林管理局 | Xinjiang Saussurea involucrate Proterozoic structure of community rationally and fast breeding method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103314758B (en) | 2015-01-28 |
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Granted publication date: 20150128 |