CN103307478A - 发光器件 - Google Patents
发光器件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103307478A CN103307478A CN2013100722658A CN201310072265A CN103307478A CN 103307478 A CN103307478 A CN 103307478A CN 2013100722658 A CN2013100722658 A CN 2013100722658A CN 201310072265 A CN201310072265 A CN 201310072265A CN 103307478 A CN103307478 A CN 103307478A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- luminescent device
- light
- resin bed
- reflector element
- light reflector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/151—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/22—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
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- F21S41/192—Details of lamp holders, terminals or connectors
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- F21—LIGHTING
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- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
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- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S41/285—Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S41/24 - F21S41/2805
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
- F21S41/37—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors characterised by their material, surface treatment or coatings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
- F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
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- F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
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- F21S43/239—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide plate-shaped
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- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/235—Light guides
- F21S43/242—Light guides characterised by the emission area
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- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
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- F21S43/249—Light guides with two or more light sources being coupled into the light guide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/30—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by reflectors
- F21S43/31—Optical layout thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
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- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/30—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by reflectors
- F21S43/33—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by reflectors characterised by their material, surface treatment or coatings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/50—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by aesthetic components not otherwise provided for, e.g. decorative trim, partition walls or covers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
- F21V13/12—Combinations of only three kinds of elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V19/00—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders
- F21V19/001—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders the light sources being semiconductors devices, e.g. LEDs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
- G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/002—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide, e.g. with collimating, focussing or diverging surfaces
- G02B6/0021—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide, e.g. with collimating, focussing or diverging surfaces for housing at least a part of the light source, e.g. by forming holes or recesses
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- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
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Abstract
提供一种发光器件,包括:印刷电路板;在印刷电路板上形成的一个或多个发光单元;树脂层,其形成在印刷电路板上并在其中嵌入发光单元;形成在树脂层上部侧面上的漫射板,从而可降低发光器件的整个厚度,并且当设计产品时,因为确保了柔韧性,所以能提高设计的自由度。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2012年3月7日在韩国知识产权局申请的韩国专利申请号10-2012-0023422、10-2012-0023423和10-2012-0023424的优先权,此处通过引用将其全文引入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发光器件的技术领域,更具体地说,涉及一种发光器件的结构,其能够使整个厚度变得更薄并且能确保发光效率。
背景技术
LED(发光二极管)器件是一种利用组合物半导体特性把电信号转换为红外线或光的器件。与荧光灯不同,由于LED器件不使用有害物质、例如汞之类的,所以与传统光源相比,其具有引起环境污染的低可能性和长使用期限。而且,其优势在于,LED器件与传统光源相比耗电低、以及由于高色温而具有优良可视性和低辉度。
因此,目前的发光器件已经从其中使用了例如常规白炽灯或荧光灯的传统光源的结构发展到其中使用了上述LED器件作为光源的结构。特别是,通过使用如在韩国特开专利公开号10-2012-0009209中所公开的导光板,已提供了执行表面发光功能的发光器件。
图1和图2示意性地示例了执行表面发光功能的传统发光器件1。参照图1和图2,配置传统发光器件1,使得扁平的导光板30设置在基板20上,以及多个侧视型LED10(在附图中只示例了一个LED)按阵列形状被设置在导光板30的一侧上。
从LED10入射到导光板30上的光(L)、通过被设置到导光板30的底部表面上的微反射图案或者反射片40、被反射到上部部分,并且从导光板30发射。那么,光发射到导光板30的上部部分,并由此通过由透明材料制成的外部壳体50提供到外部。如图2中所示例的原理图,发光器件1可以如下这样配置,在导光板30和外部壳体50之间进一步增加例如漫射片31、棱镜片32、33、保护片34等这类的多个光学片。
上述发光器件1起到均匀地提供光给外部的作用。导光板30是起到改善发光器件1的亮度和均匀地提供光的作用的一种部件。而且,它是一种塑料模塑透镜以均匀地传播从光源(LED)发射的光。因此,导光板30实质上用作传统发光器件1的基本组成部件,但是,由于导光板30本身的厚度,存在为使整个产品的厚度变得更薄具有限制。由于导光板30的材料不柔软,其缺点在于其将难以把导光板安装到外部壳体50上,并因此不能容易地改变产品规划和设计。
而且,由于光从导光板的侧面发射到外部,产生了光损失,从而降低了发光器件的发光效率和亮度。
此外,因为使用了这样一种点光源的LED,所以即使它被改变为表面光源,仍存在使各种发光设计具体化的限制。
【现有技术文献参考】
【专利参考】
韩国特开专利公开号10-2012-0009209
发明内容
本发明已经想着在现有技术中出现的上述问题。本发明的一个方案提供了一种发光器件的结构,其被配置使得代替导光板的树脂层被用于把从发光单元发射的光引导到外部,从而能够使发光器件的整个厚度变得越来越薄。
本发明的另一个方案提供了一种发光器件的结构,其能确保可靠性,同时由于发光器件本身具有柔韧性而改善了在产品设计中的自由度。
本发明的又一个方案提供了一种发光器件的结构,其被配置使得光反射单元设置在树脂层的一侧上,以便使从树脂层侧面产生的光损失能最小化,并能改善光效率。
而且,本发明的再一个方案提供了一种发光器件,其被配置使得间接辐射单元形成在表面发光单元的一侧上,以便可以产生光晕(flare)效果,从而实现发光器件的设计变化。
根据本发明的一个方案,提供有一种发光器件,包括:印刷电路板;在印刷电路板上形成的一个或多个发光单元;树脂层,其形成在印刷电路板上、并在其中嵌入发光单元;以及在树脂层的上部侧面上形成的漫射板。
根据本发明,其优势在于,能减少发光单元的数量,并通过去除导光板而利用树脂层引导光能使发光器件的整个厚度更薄。
根据本发明,利用挠性印刷电路板和树脂层形成发光器件,使得能确保柔韧性以及能改善在产品设计中的自由度。
此外,根据本发明,其优势在于,能改善光的反射率,能使亮度的改善最大化,并且因为提供了反射部件和反射图案而能提供均匀的表面光源,反射部件和反射图案是能够有效地反射从发光单元发射的光的结构。
而且,根据本发明,因为形成具有光学图案的第一光学基板或第二光学基板,使得在粘合剂层中设置空气间隙,所以能防止在遮光图案中产生热光斑和暗区,并能确保附着到粘合剂层的部件的可靠性。而且,其优势在于,能实现在光学特性之间没有显著差异的发光器件,以及这将有可能精确地对齐部件。
而且,根据本发明,因为提供了光反射单元,所以光损失能最小化,从而提高了发光器件的亮度和照明度。
而且,根据本发明,其优势在于,因为设置了用于反射光到表面发光单元的侧面上的间接辐射单元,所以能实现使用光晕现象的各种发光效果以及能实现各种设计的发光器件。
而且,根据本发明,其优势在于,因为利用发射到树脂层侧面上的光实现了照明效果,所以在不用单独的发光单元的情况下,能实现柔和的照明效果。
附图简要说明
包括附图以提供本发明的进一步理解,而且附图被引入并构成本说明书的一部分。附图示例出本发明的示例性实施例,并与说明书一起,用于解释本发明的主旨。在附图中:
图1和图2示意性地示例出传统发光器件的结构;
图3示例了根据本发明的发光器件的主旨;
图4示例了一种结构,其中把珠粒和反射部件添加到图3中所示例的本发明的发光器件中;
图5示例了一种结构,其中把反射部件和光学片添加到图3中所示例的本发明的发光器件中;
图6示例了一种结构,其中在图5中所示例的本发明的发光器件中形成了粘合剂层;
图7示意性地示例出一种结构,其中根据本发明的发光器件被适用于车辆的前灯;
图8至图11示例出一种结构,其中光反射单元被添加到如图3至图6中所示例出的本发明的发光器件中;
图12是示例了基于是否包含光反射单元的亮度和照明度的测量结果的曲线图;
图13至图16示例出一种结构,其中间接辐射单元被添加到如图3至图6中所示例出的本发明的发光器件中;
图17是示例了根据本发明发光器件的实际工作状态的图像。
发明的详细说明
现在将参考附图在下文中更加充分地说明根据本发明的示例性实施例,使得那些本领域普通技术人员能很容易地具体实施。然而,本发明可以以不同的形式来具体体现,并且不应当被解释为限于这里所阐述的示例性实施例中。应该明白,这里示出和描述的本发明的形式,是被视为本发明的一个优选实施例,不脱离其精神和范围的情况下,在本发明中可以做出各种改变和修改。另外,在以下的说明书中,要注意,当传统元件的功能和与本发明有关的元件的详细说明可以使本发明的要点不清楚时,将省略这些元件的详细描述。现在将更详细地参考本发明的一个优选实施例,在附图中示例出其一个例子。在可能的情况下,将在要提及相同或类似部件的整个附图和说明书中使用相同的参考标记。
本发明涉及一种使用LED作为光源的发光器件,LED是一种发光单元。本发明的要点是要提供发光器件的一种结构,它可以通过去除导光板并用树脂层来代替导光板,可以创新地减少发光器件的整个厚度,并且还可以确保柔韧性挠性以及减少光源的数量。
此外,根据本发明的发光器件可适用于进行照明的各种灯器件,例如用于车辆的灯、用于家庭使用的发光器件和用于工业用途的发光器件。例如,在发光器件被用于车辆的灯的情况下,其可以适用于前灯、车室内照明、门框、后灯,等等。此外,根据本发明的发光器件可以适用于被应用到液晶显示器件的背光单元领域。除此之外,发光器件可以适用于已研发和商业化的或者根据未来技术发展可以实现的所有领域所涉及的照明。
图3示例了根据本发明的发光器件的主旨。
参考图3,根据本发明的发光器件包括:印刷电路板110;在印刷电路板110上形成的一个或多个发光单元130;树脂层150,其形成在发光单元130上以使发光单元130嵌入在树脂层中、并且把发射的光引导到漫射板290;以及漫射板290,其均匀地漫射入射光并把光发射向外部。此外,棱镜片和保护片可以被进一步设置进漫射板290的上部部分或下部部分内,尽管这在图中未示出。
印刷电路板110是指其中在基板上形成电路图案的板,即指PCB。特别地,在本发明中,将优选使印刷电路板形成为柔性印刷电路板(FPCB),以确保均匀的柔韧性。
配置发光单元130,使得一个或多个发光单元被设置在印刷电路板110上,从而发射光。本发明的发光单元130可以由侧视型发光二极管组成。即,具有其中沿横向方向而不是沿直线向上发射出发射光的结构的发光二极管,可以被用作本发明的发光单元130。因此,配置根据本发明的发光器件,使得由侧视型发光二极管组成的发光单元130按直接型设置,并且利用起到漫射和反射光作用的树脂层,使得光沿漫射板290的方向漫射和引导,从而减少了发光单元的数量以及创新地降低了发光器件的整个重量和厚度。
树脂层150形成在发光单元130和印刷电路板110的上部部分中。树脂层150向前漫射和引导从发光单元130中发射的光。也就是说,树脂层150以其中嵌入发光单元的结构来形成,由此能够把从发光单元130中发射的光漫射到横向方向。即,树脂层150可以执行传统导光板的功能。
本发明的树脂层150可以基本上由能够漫射光的材料构成。例如,本发明的树脂层150可以由包括低聚物(oligomer)的紫外线固化树脂构成。更具体地,可以利用具有氨基甲酸酯丙烯酸酯低聚物(urethane acrylate oligomer)作为主要原料的树脂来形成树脂层150。例如,可以使用这样的树脂,其中使作为合成低聚物的氨基甲酸酯丙烯酸酯低聚物与作为聚丙烯酸的聚合物类型混合。当然,可以进一步包括其中混合了IBOA(丙烯酸异冰片酯)、HPA(羟丙基丙烯酸酯)、2-HEA(2-羟基乙基丙烯酸酯)的单体,这些都是低沸点和稀释型反应的单体。光引发剂(例如,1-羟基环己基苯基酮,1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl-ketone等)或抗氧化剂可以混合作为添加剂。然而,上述内容只是一个例子。除此之外,本发明的树脂层150可以由已研发和商业化的或根据未来技术发展可以实现的所有树脂来形成,并且可以执行漫射光的功能。
根据本发明,由于树脂层150的存在,可以创新性地降低了由传统导光板所占据的厚度,并能使整个产品做得更薄。并且,因为该发光器件具有柔韧性,它可以很容易地安装到一个弯曲表面,并可以提高在产品设计中的自由程度。此外,发光器件可以被适用于其它挠性显示器件。
漫射板290形成在树脂层150的上部部分中,并起到在整个表面上均匀地漫射通过树脂层150发射的光的作用。漫射板290通常可以由丙烯酸树脂形成。然而,本发明并不限于此。除了丙烯酸树脂以外,漫射板290可以由能够执行漫射功能的高传播塑料的所有材料形成,例如,聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)(PMMA)、环状烯烃共聚物(COC)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、树脂。
此时,在漫射板290和树脂层150之间可以进一步形成空气层(即,第一空气间隙280)。由于第一空气间隙280的存在,可以提高施加到漫射板290的光的均匀性。结果,可以提高通过漫射板290漫射和发射的光的均匀性。此时,为使传播过树脂层150的光的偏差减至最小,第一空气间隙280的厚度H1可以形成在0至20mm的范围内。然而,本发明并不限于此。厚度可以根据需要适当地改变。
图4示例了一种结构,其中把珠粒和反射部件添加到图3中所示例的本发明的发光器件中。
参考图3和图4,本发明的树脂层150可以进一步包括多个珠粒151,该多个珠粒151具有在内部形成的空洞(或气孔)并形成散布的状态。所述珠粒151能够提高光反射和漫射特性。例如,当从发光单元130中发射的光入射到树脂层150的内部部分的珠粒151上时,光通过珠粒151的空洞被反射和传播,并由此被漫射和汇聚。光随后被发射到漫射板290。此时,珠粒151增加了光的反射和漫射率,使得提高了随后施加到漫射板290的发射光的量和均匀性。结果,可以提高发光器件的亮度。
可以适当地调整珠粒151的含量,以获得所需的光漫射效果。更具体地,珠粒的含量可以被调整在树脂层的总重量的0.01~0.3%的范围内。然而,本发明并不限于此。也就是说,沿侧面方向从发光单元130发射的光通过树脂层150和珠粒151漫射和反射,以便沿向上方向行进。珠粒151可以由选自硅、二氧化硅、玻璃泡、PMMA、聚氨酯、Zn、Zr、Al2O3和丙烯酸树脂中任何一个形成。珠粒151的直径可以形成在1μm至20μm的范围内。然而,本发明并不限于此。
本发明的反射部件120形成在印刷电路板110的上表面上,并具有其中形成发光单元130以穿过反射部件120这样的结构。根据本发明的反射部件120由具有高反射率的材料形成,从而能够减少光损失。反射部件120可以按膜的形状来形成,并且可以包括其中扩散和容纳了白色颜料的合成树脂,使得可以实现光反射和漫射特性。例如,氧化钛、氧化铝、氧化锌、碳酸铅、硫酸钡、碳酸钙等可以用作该白色颜料。聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚乙烯环烷酸脂、丙烯酸树脂、聚碳酸酯、聚苯乙烯、聚烯烃、纤维素醋酸酯、耐候性氯乙烯等可以用作合成树脂。然而,本发明并不限于此。
在反射部件120的表面上可以形成反射图案121。反射图案121通过散射和漫射入射光起到均匀地传播光到漫射板290的作用。可以按这样一种方式来形成反射图案121,利用包括TiO2、CaCO3、BaSO4、Al2O3、硅和PS中的任一种的反射墨水把反射图案121印刷在反射部件120的表面上。然而,本发明并不限于此。并且,反射图案121可以具有带多个突出图案的结构,并可以以棱镜形状、双凸透镜形状、透镜形状或它们的组合形状来形成,以提高光的散射效果。然而,形状并不局限于此。并且,反射图案121的横截面形状可以按具有例如三角形、四边形、半圆形、正弦波形等之类的各种形状的结构来形成。
图5示例了一种结构,其中把反射部件和光学片添加到图3中所示例的本发明的发光器件中。
参考图3至图5,本发明的发光器件可以进一步包括:在树脂层150的上表面上形成的第一光学片170;以及在第一光学片170上形成的第二光学片190。并且,在第一光学片170的上表面或第二光学片190的下表面上可以进一步形成光学图案183。在第二光学片190上可以额外地形成一个或多个光学片。
在第一光学片170的上表面或第二光学片190的下表面上形成的光学图案183可以形成为遮光图案,其形成为用以防止从发光单元130发射的光会聚。为此,其需要在光学图案183和发光单元130之间对齐。此时,为确保在执行对齐之后的固定强度,利用将在下文中说明的粘合剂层使第一光学片170和第二光学片190彼此相互粘接。
第一光学片170和第二光学片190可以使用具有优良的透光性的材料来形成。举一个例子,可以使用PET。
设置在第一光学片170和第二光学片190之间的光学图案183主要起到防止从发光单元130发射的光会聚的作用。光学图案183可以形成为遮光图案,使得可以在预定部分实现遮光效果,以防止由于过分强烈的光的强度引起的光学特性劣化或产生淡黄色光的现象。通过利用遮光墨水对第一光学片170的上表面和第二光学片190的下表面执行印刷工艺可以形成遮光图案。
光学图案183可以被实现为一个光学图案,以便执行局部遮挡和漫射光而非完全遮挡光、并调整光遮挡和漫射度的程度。此外,更具体地,根据本发明的光学图案183可以实现为复杂图案的重叠印刷结构。重叠印刷结构是指通过形成一个图案并且在其上部部分上印刷另一个图案来实现的一种结构。
举一个例子,光学图案183可以实现为这样一种结构,其中利用含有选自TiO2、CaCO3、BaSO4、Al2O3和硅中的一种或多种材料的遮光墨水沿发光方向形成在聚合物膜的下表面上的漫射图案与利用含有Al或Al和TiO2的混合物的遮光墨水所形成的遮光图案重叠。即,通过执行白色印刷工艺,在聚合物膜的表面上形成漫射图案,以及随后在其上形成遮光图案。相反,所述图案可以形成双层结构。当然,这将是显而易见的是,在考虑光的效率和强度与遮光比的情况下,图案的形成设计可以进行各种改变。并且,所述图案可以形成为这样的带状结构,即,在依次层叠的结构中,为金属图案的遮光图案形成在中间层,以及分别在其上部部分和下部部分中分别实现漫射图案。在此三层结构中,通过选择上述材料可以实现所述图案。作为一个优选的例子,基于这样一种三层结构,其中利用具有优异反射率的TiO2实现各个漫射图案中的一个漫射图案,利用具有优异安全性和色彩感的CaCO3和TiO2一起来实现另一个漫射图案,以及利用具有优异遮盖能力的Al来实现遮光图案,光的效率和均匀性可以得到保证。特别是,CaCO3起到降低浅黄色光曝光的作用,从而起到最终实现白光的作用,使得能够实现更稳定的光效率。除CaCO3以外,还可以利用具有大颗粒尺寸和类似结构的无机材料,例如BaSO4、Al2O3和硅珠粒等。此外,考虑到光效率,将优选通过调整图案密度来形成光学图案183,以这样的方式使得随着光学图案远离LED光源的发光方向移动时图案密度降低。
图6示例了一种结构,其中在图5中所示例的本发明的发光器件中形成了粘合剂层。
参考图3至图6,本发明的发光器件可以进一步包括在第一光学片170和第二光学片190之间形成的粘合剂层180。第二空气间隙181可以进一步形成在粘合剂层180上。即,粘合剂层180形成围绕光学图案183的间隔空间(第二空气间隙181)。通过涂敷粘合剂材料到其余部分上,粘合剂层180可以实现为这样一种结构,在该结构中使第一光学片170和第二光学片190彼此相互粘接。并且,在第二光学片190上可以额外地形成一个或多个光学片。包括第一光学片170、第二光学片190、粘合剂层180和光学图案183的结构可以被定义为光学图案层A。
粘合剂层180可以形成为这样的结构,在该结构中该粘合剂层包围在光学图案183周围、并且第二空气间隙181形成在其余部分中的中,或者在该结构中第二空气间隙181形成在光学图案183周围。因此,这可以通过使两个光学片彼此相互接合来实现对齐。也就是说,第一光学片170和第二光学片190的接合结构可以起到固定印刷的光学图案183的功能。
此时,粘合剂层180可以使用热固性PSA、热固性粘合剂,UV固化PSA型材料来形成。然而,本发明并不限于此。
此时,如在图3的解释说明中所阐述的第一空气间隙280可以形成在第二光学片190和漫射板170之间。由于第一空气间隙280的存在,可以增加提供到漫射板290上的光的均匀性。其结果是,可以提高通过漫射板290漫射并发射的光的均匀性。此时,为使传播过树脂层150的光的偏差减至最小,第一空气间隙280的厚度可形成在超过0、却不超过20mm的范围内。然而,该厚度并不限于此。如图3的说明中所描述的,该厚度可适当地设计并根据需要更改。
并且,如上所述,如必要的话在光学图案层(A)上可以额外地形成一个或多个光学片,尽管这是未例示出的。
图7示意性地示例出一种结构,其中根据本发明的发光器件被适用于车辆的前灯。
参考图7,利用挠性印刷电路板和树脂层形成根据本发明的发光器件100a。发光器件本身具有柔韧性。因此,如图7中所示,发光器件可以容易地安装到其中形成了弯曲部分的用于车辆H的前灯外壳上。因此,可以提高在与外壳相结合的完整产品的设计中的自由度。尽管提高了设计的自由度,但仍可以确保均匀的亮度和照明度。同时,图7示出了安装如图3所示例的发光器件。然而,这仅是一个示例。可以安装如在图4至图6中所示例的发光器件。
图8至图11示例出一种结构,其中光反射单元和光反射单元支撑单元被添加到如图3至图6中所示例出的本发明的发光器件中。
参考图8至图11,根据本发明的发光器件可以进一步包括在树脂层150的一侧和另一侧中的任一侧上设置的光反射单元160。光反射单元160引导,使得从发光单元120发射的光被发射到上部,并执行引导的功能以防止光通过树脂层150的侧面被发射到外部。光反射单元160可以由白色抗蚀剂构成,这是一种具有优良的光反射率的材料。此外,光反射单元可以由其中扩散并容纳了白色颜料的合成树脂、或其中扩散了具有优良的光反射特性的金属颗粒的合成树脂构成。此时,氧化钛,氧化铝,氧化锌,碳酸铅,硫酸钡,碳酸钙等可以用作该白色颜料。在含有金属粉末的情况下,可以含有具有优良的反射率的Ag粉。并且,可以另外含有单独的荧光增白剂。也就是说,根据本发明的光反射单元160可以利用其已研发或者根据未来的技术发展可以实现的具有优良光反射率的所有材料。
同时,光反射单元160可以直接模铸成型、并连接到树脂层150的一侧,或者可以利用单独的粘合剂材料(或胶粘带)粘附在其上。
此外,光反射单元160可以利用一个单独的光反射单元支撑单元161连接到树脂层150上。
根据这种情况,当光反射单元160形成在树脂层150的侧面上时,可以防止在树脂层150的侧面发生光渗出,从而减少光损失、并增加光效率。此外,对照同等电力的情况下,可以提高发光器件的亮度和照明度。并且,通过在反射单元160的外部表面上进一步形成光反射单元支撑单元161,可以安全地密封发光单元130和树脂层150,从而提高了发光器件的耐用性和可靠性。
图12是示例了基于是否包含光反射单元的亮度和照明度的测量结果的示图。图A表示亮度(nit),图B表示照明度(lux)。参照图6,与具有其中未安装光反射单元的结构的发光器件相比,可以确定的是,具有本发明的光反射单元的发光器件显示出在约30至40%的范围内亮度和照明度的改进。因此,由于光损失减少,光效率得到改善。此外,可以确定的是,即使减少了发光单元的数量,但实现了相同的亮度和照明度。
图13至图16示例出一种结构,其中间接辐射单元被添加到如图3至图6中所示例出的本发明的发光器件中。具体来说,图13中的(a)示例了发光器件的平面视图,而图13中的(b)示例了在图3中添加了间接辐射单元的发光器件的截面侧视图。
为便于解释说明,在图3至图6中所示例的发光器件在下文中将称为表面发光单元X。
参考图13至图16,根据本发明的发光器件由表面发光单元X和在面发光单元X的侧面上形成的间接辐射单元Y组成。此处,表面发光单元X是如在图3至图6中所示例的发光器件,并且是把从发光单元入射的光转换成表面光源、并把光发射到外部的元件。并且,间接辐射单元Y是通过反射从表面发光单元X的发光单元入射的光并产生反射光来实现光泄漏效果(或光晕效果)的元件。同时,图13中的(a)示例出间接辐射单元Y形成在表面发光单元X的整个侧面上。然而,这仅是一个示例。间接辐射单元可以仅形成在表面发光单元X的侧面的一部分上。
由于表面发光单元X的配置与如上所述的图3至图6的发光器件的那些是相同的,省略其说明。
间接辐射单元Y的配置由形成在表面发光单元X的侧面上的光反射单元161组成。光反射单元160可以形成为与表面发光单元X间隔分开,更具体地说,与表面发光单元X的树脂层150间隔分开一个预定距离。在下文中,表面发光单元X和光反射单元160之间的间隔空隙定义为间接辐射空气间隙162。
当从发光单元130发射的光发射通过树脂层150的侧面时,光反射单元160反射所发射的光,从而形成反射光(或间接光)。因而,在发光器件处损失的光被光反射单元160再次反射,所以产生了其中光柔和地散开的光晕现象。并且,通过利用这种现象,可以实现能适用于室内和室外内饰以及汽车照明的各种照明效果。
同时,为了使上述光晕现象最大化,可以在光反射单元160和表面发光单元X之间进一步形成间接辐射空气间隙162。因而,发射到树脂层150侧面的光在间接辐射空气间隙162处散射,并且散射光被光反射单元160再次反射,从而使光晕现象最大化。
光反射单元160可以由具有优良的光反射率的材料构成,即,白色抗蚀剂。除此之外,光反射单元160可以由其中扩散和容纳了白色颜料的合成树脂、或者其中扩散了具有优良的光反射特性的金属颗粒的合成树脂构成。氧化钛、氧化铝、氧化锌、碳酸铅、硫酸钡、碳酸钙等可以用作该白色颜料。在含有金属粉末的情况下,可以包括具有优良反射率的Ag粉。并且,另外,可以进一步包括单独的荧光增白剂。
同时,在图中,示例出光反射单元160的高度与印刷电路板160和树脂层150的高度是相等的。然而,这仅是一个示例。高度并不限于此。例如,所述高度可以在必要时延伸到漫射板290的侧面,或者也可以形成为仅延伸到树脂层150的侧面。
并且,示例出光反射单元160垂直于水平平面。然而,这仅是一个示例。如需要的话,可以以其中光反射单元倾斜的形状实现光反射单元,以便形成到水平面的预定角度。
根据本发明的发光器件可以进一步包括支撑单元163,其包围光反射单元160的外表面和表面发光单元的下部部分,如图13至16所示例。支撑单元163起到支持和保护发光器件的每个配置的作用。其材料并不限于此。例如,支撑单元163可以由金属材料或塑料材料构成。并且,它可以由具有固定柔韧性的材料形成。从而,通过进一步形成支撑单元163,可以安全地密封表面发光单元X和间接辐射单元Y,从而提高发光器件的耐用性和可靠性。
图17是示例了根据本发明发光器件的实际工作状态的图像。
参考图17,可以确定的是,从表面发光单元X的发光单元辐射的光被转换为从表面发射的光,并且被发射到外部。并且,可以确定的是,当光被散射并再次被反射时从间接辐射单元Y中产生光晕效果,而因此柔和的间接光被发射到外部。也就是说,根据本发明,在无需额外的发光单元的情况下,可以额外地实现具有固定形状的间接光。并且,可以实现各种设计的照明效果。
正如前面所述,在本发明的详细说明书中,已经介绍了本发明详细的示例性实施例,应显而易见的是,本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下可以做出修改和变化。因此,应该明白,上述内容是本发明的例证,不应被解释为局限于所公开的具体实施例,并且对所公开的实施例的修改以及其他实施方式试图包含在附加权利要求及其等同物的范围内。
Claims (22)
1.一种发光器件,包括:
印刷电路板;
在印刷电路板上形成的一个或多个发光单元;
树脂层,其形成在所述印刷电路板上、并在其中嵌入了所述发光单元;以及
在该树脂层的上部侧面上形成的漫射板。
2.如权利要求1的发光器件,进一步包括光反射单元,其形成在树脂层的一侧和另一侧的至少任一侧上。
3.如权利要求2的发光器件,其中,光反射单元形成这样一种结构,其中光反射单元直接粘附到树脂层上,或者其中光反射单元利用粘合剂材料粘附到树脂层上。
4.如权利要求2的发光器件,进一步包括光反射单元支撑单元,其形成在光反射单元的外部表面上。
5.如权利要求1的发光器件,进一步包括间接辐射单元,其被形成为与树脂层间隔分开并且反射从发光单元辐射的光。
6.如权利要求5的发光器件,其中,间接辐射单元包括光反射单元,光反射单元形成在树脂层的一侧和另一侧中的至少任意一侧,以及在树脂层的侧面和光反射单元之间形成间接辐射空气间隙层。
7.如权利要求6的发光器件,进一步包括支撑单元,其形成在光反射单元的外表面上以及在印刷电路板的下部部分中。
8.如权利要求2或权利要求6的发光器件,其中,光反射单元由含有白色颜料或金属的材料形成。
9.如权利要求1的发光器件,其中,印刷电路板由挠性印刷电路板构成。
10.如权利要求1的发光器件,其中,发光单元由侧视型发光二极管构成。
11.如权利要求1的发光器件,其中,第一空气间隙形成在树脂层和漫射板之间。
12.如权利要求1的发光器件,进一步包括反射部件,其形成在印刷电路板与树脂层之间,并具有其中发光单元穿过反射部件这样的结构。
13.如权利要求12的发光器件,其中反射图案形成在反射部件上。
14.如权利要求13的发光器件,其中,所述反射图案由包括TiO2、CaCO3、BaSO4、Al2O3、硅和PS中任一种的反射墨水形成。
15.如权利要求1的发光器件,进一步包括第一光学片,其形成在树脂层的上表面,并漫射发射光。
16.如权利要求15的发光器件,进一步包括在第一光学片上形成的第二光学片。
17.如权利要求16的发光器件,其中,形成用于屏蔽或反射被发射到第一光学片的上部表面或第二光学片的下部表面上的光的光学图案。
18.如权利要求17的发光器件,其中,所述光学图案形成这样一种结构,其中利用含有选自TiO2、CaCO3、BaSO4、Al2O3和硅中的一种或多种材料的遮光墨水形成的漫射图案与利用含有Al或Al和TiO2的混合物的遮光墨水所形成的遮光图案重叠。
19.如权利要求18的发光器件,其中,所述漫射图案形成这样一种结构,即,该漫射图案被印刷在遮光图案的上部表面和下部表面中至少一个表面上。
20.如权利要求1的发光器件,其中,树脂层由含有低聚物的紫外线固化型树脂构成。
21.如权利要求20的发光器件,其中,低聚物包括选自聚氨酯丙烯酸酯、环氧丙烯酸酯、聚酯丙烯酸酯和丙烯酸-丙烯酸酯中的任一种材料。
22.如权利要求1的发光器件,其中,树脂层进一步包含由选自硅、二氧化硅、玻璃泡、PMMA、聚氨酯、Zn、Zr、Al2O3和丙烯酸树脂中任一种构成的珠粒。
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JP5735565B2 (ja) | 2015-06-17 |
EP2636947B1 (en) | 2020-08-26 |
US8858025B2 (en) | 2014-10-14 |
CN105605437B (zh) | 2020-04-07 |
US20130235577A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
EP2636947A3 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
EP2636947A2 (en) | 2013-09-11 |
US20140376233A1 (en) | 2014-12-25 |
CN103307478B (zh) | 2016-02-24 |
US10125949B2 (en) | 2018-11-13 |
JP2013187198A (ja) | 2013-09-19 |
US9587797B2 (en) | 2017-03-07 |
CN105605437A (zh) | 2016-05-25 |
US20170123141A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
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