CN103262736A - High-efficiency production-increasing codonopsis pilosula cultivation method - Google Patents
High-efficiency production-increasing codonopsis pilosula cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency production-increasing codonopsis pilosula cultivation method which includes the following steps of land preparation before seedling cultivation, seed preparation, sowing and quick breeding seedling culture. The quick breeding seedling culture includes that a. first-generation tissue culture seedlings are adopted as a breeding material; b. when the seedlings on a seedbed grows to 25cm and stem tips and stems are formed, the stem tips and the stems of the seedlings are taken down, the wound portions of the stem tips and the stems are immersed into 500-ppm rooting powder solution to be processed, then the stem tips and the stems are directly planted on a greenhouse hot bed of an agricultural facility and starts to survive in soil of the hot bed, and the stems tips and the stems grow for 30 days under the temperature of 28-35 DEG C to form second-generation complete plants; and c. continuously taking the stems and the step tips of the plants to conduct planting and breeding in the greenhouse hot bed of the agricultural facility after the second-generation complete plants are formed, third-generation plant seedlings are formed after 30 days, and the seedlings can emerge in the 30-day period to be planted. Autumn transplanting is a better choice in autumn sowing, and ridge planting or rest-balk planting is adopted. By means of the method, the seeds are large in seedling forming number, consumed time is short, seed quality purity is high, the production increase effect is remarkable and the method is suitable for large-scale planting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chinese medicine planting technology field, specifically is a kind of Radix Codonopsis cultivation method of efficient volume increase.
Background technology
Radix Codonopsis generally all is to adopt the seed straight cutting to grow seedlings, how in rainy season or envelope winter sowing kind, namely open dark about 3 centimetres of shallow ridges, wide about 10~12 centimetres, step on bottom sieve frame after, evenly spread down seed, 1~2 centimetre of earthing, and compress gently, cover with grass more above and preserve moisture, every mu with planting 0.5~1 kilogram, do not do as soil, can progressively throw off the lid grass when trickle not then, 5 centimetres of heights of seedling, must suitably cover careless sunshade when sunlight is strong, the overstocked weak seedling of a part is left out in suitable thinning during 10 centimetres of heights of seedling, and field management is weeding at any time, loosen the soil, water until the field planting land for growing field crops of transplanting seedlings, sowing 1 year spring rainy season transplants, the Feng Dongqian sowing is transplanted 1 year autumn, and last field management is gathered, and this method seed is long campaign, production management is extensive, and production benefit is very low.
Summary of the invention
A kind of seed number of seedling amount that the objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming and provide is many, and the time is short, germplasm purity height, obvious effect of increasing production, the Radix Codonopsis cultivation method of the efficient volume increase of suitable large-scale planting.
The Radix Codonopsis cultivation method of a kind of efficient volume increase of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) prepares before the training seedling
A, soil are prepared: begin whole ground mid-October, earlier 30cm ploughed in the soil, and evenly spray with weed killer herbicide, and after 4~5 days that ground leveling rake is thin, make the ridge implantation by 1.0 meters for wide following current water direction, the high 20cm in seedbed, seedbed spacing 30cm;
B, seed prepare: earlier seed is washed in a pan only, the Gibberellins solution with 50ppm before the sowing was soaked 5 hours, then seed was pulled out to wash down a little with clear water and dried;
(2) sowing
A, seed and ash and phosphate fertilizer are mixed by 1:1000:50 before broadcasting, and evenly sow, every mu of seed consumption is 4~5 kilograms;
B, after planting cover with fine earth, be advisable to cover seed;
C, sowing finish, and, and water and preserve moisture on case with every mu of 2000~3000 kilograms of farmyard manure spreadings;
After d, (area to freeze easily winter needs covering with plastic film to pass the winter, with moisture-heat preservation) crossed the winter, seed sprouting (weather warms up, with mulch film except, allow the seedling self-sow), water at any time and preserve moisture and field weeding;
(3) rapid seedling cultivation
A, employing first generation group training seedling are as propagating materials;
B, when the seedbed seedling grows to 25 centimetres high, stem apex, stem section form, just can begin to get its stem apex, stem section, the wound is immersed the 500ppm rooting powder solution and is disposed, directly inoculate agricultural facility booth hotbed, stem apex stem section begins to survive regeneration in hotbed soil, 28~35 ℃ of growths of temperature 30 days, form second generation whole plant;
After c, second generation whole plant form, continue to get its plants stems section and stem apex and continue inoculation reproduction in agricultural facility booth seedbed, third generation plant seedling forms after 30 days, and 30 days cycles can emerge for planting;
(4) transplant:
A, autumn sowing are advisable to transplant autumn, and transplanting was advisable sooner or later with the cloudy day, and (as the soil arid, dig seedling and suitably watered in preceding 1~2 day) keeps the soil humidity, in order to avoid hinder seedling, transplants Ying Suiqi nearby with planting, and avoids damaging the brood cell;
B, ridge plant: open 15~20 centimetres of zanjons along the ridge, tiltedly plant for 8~10 centimetres by a distance, 5~7 centimetres of earthing are planted back suppression Bao Qiang in time;
Ridge cultivation: press 20 centimetres of trench diggings of line-spacing at the furrow face, ditch depth is planted size by kind and is decided, and generally is advisable with nest tendril root not, plants or tiltedly plants, 3~5 centimetres of earthing, suppression a little after planting by 8~10 centimetres of distances are upright.
The Radix Codonopsis cultivation method of above-mentioned a kind of efficient volume increase wherein also comprises field management:
A, as the Heavenly Stems, need water at any time and preserve moisture, water to be advisable afternoon dusk;
B, non-irrigated as waterlogging need clean out a drain at any time, reinforces the limit, ridge, anti-damage caused by waterlogging;
C, the extermination of disease and insect pest;
D, the weeding of topdressing: mid-June, every mu is mixed for 15 kilograms with superphosphate with 10 kilograms in ammonium sulfate and to impose, and imposes method, opens 6 centimetres of ditches in root 10 centimeters in the ranks, earths up after applying fertilizer, and weeding is 3~4 times in vegetative period, the banking up of loosening the soil during weeding;
E, built are held up climing: begin built when high about 30 centimetres of young plant, make climing the climbing up by holding on to of its base.
The Radix Codonopsis cultivation method of above-mentioned a kind of efficient volume increase, wherein also comprise and gathering: transplant field was gathered in 2 years, and ripe Radix Codonopsis is withered in overground part to be picking time before frozen soil.Radix Codonopsis is with the performance optimal of gathering in the two weeks before and after White Dew.
The present invention compared with prior art, has tangible beneficial effect, as can be known from the above technical solutions: the present invention one adopts the rapid seedling cultivation technology, be after seed seedling-raising is emerged, 25 centimetres of heights of seedling, stem eye be can begin to get and propagating materials, inoculation seedbed done, just can go out the transplantation of seedlings land for growing field crops after the growth in 30 days, save seedling raise period, shorten the production cycle, in time plant, effectively improve increasing both production and income, save the work production cost simultaneously, raise the efficiency, can stop the problem of bringing kind of property variation and degeneration, output and quality to descend because of seed seedling-raising in addition.What this law adopted is vegetative propagation technique, keeps original seed breeding proterties, and germplasm purity height does not make a variation, and can keep the high quality and stable yield high yield; The 2nd, carry out the land for growing field crops scientific management, apply fertilizers scientifically (being that nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is scientific and reasonable), and the anti-worm of curing the disease, built is held up technical measures such as graceful, to improve the volume increase ability.Seed number of seedling amount of the present invention is many, and the time is short, germplasm purity height, and obvious effect of increasing production is fit to large-scale planting.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is provided in detail by following examples.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with example, further explain and illustrate technical scheme characteristics of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of Radix Codonopsis cultivation method of efficient volume increase comprises the steps:
(1) prepares before the training seedling
A, soil are prepared: begin whole ground mid-October, earlier 30cm ploughed in the soil, and evenly spray with glyphosate (weed killer herbicide), and after 4~5 days that ground leveling rake is thin, make the ridge implantation by 1.0 meters for wide following current water direction, the high 20cm in seedbed, seedbed spacing 30cm;
B, seed prepare: earlier seed is washed in a pan only, the Gibberellins solution with 50ppm before the sowing was soaked 5 hours, then seed was pulled out to wash down a little with clear water and dried;
(2) sowing
A, because the Radix Codonopsis seed is tiny, all do not blown off by wind during even sowing for making sowing, before broadcasting seed and ash and phosphate fertilizer are mixed by 1:1000:50, and evenly sow, every mu of seed consumption is 4~5 kilograms;
B, after planting cover with fine earth, be advisable to cover seed;
C, sowing finish, and, and water and preserve moisture on case with every mu of 2000~3000 kilograms of farmyard manure spreadings;
D, for the area that easily freeze winter, need covering with plastic film to pass the winter, with moisture-heat preservation;
E, spent the winter after, seed sprouting, weather is warm, with mulch film except, allow the seedling self-sow, and water at any time and preserve moisture and field weeding;
(3) rapid seedling cultivation
A, employing elite seed breeding training seedling, i.e. first generation group training seedling is as propagating materials;
B, grow to more than 25 centimetres when the seedbed seedling, stem apex, stem section form, just can begin to get its stem apex, stem section, it is living that 500ppm is immersed in the wound, root powder solution-treated finishes, and directly inoculates agricultural facility booth hotbed, and stem apex stem section begins to survive regeneration in hotbed soil, 28~35 ℃ of growths of temperature 30 days, form second generation whole plant;
After c, second generation whole plant form, continue to get its plants stems section and stem apex and continue inoculation reproduction in agricultural facility booth seedbed, third generation plant seedling forms after 30 days, and 30 days cycles can emerge for planting; As seen seed number of seedling amount is fast, and the time is short, plants seed property purity height, quantity, quality assurance, but scale enlarges plantation, obvious effect of increasing production;
(4) transplant:
A, autumn sowing are advisable to transplant autumn, and transplanting was advisable sooner or later with the cloudy day, and (as the soil arid, dig seedling and suitably watered in preceding 1~2 day) keeps the soil humidity, in order to avoid hinder seedling, transplants Ying Suiqi nearby with planting, and avoids damaging the brood cell;
B, ridge plant: 15~20 centimetres of zanjons are opened on suitable ridge, tiltedly plant for 8~10 centimetres by a distance, and 5~7 centimetres of earthing are planted back suppression Bao Qiang (Bao Qiang is exactly that the clay that compresses the earth insulation condenses one soil layer that forms) in time;
Ridge cultivation: press 20 centimetres of trench diggings of line-spacing at the furrow face, ditch depth is planted size by kind and is decided, and generally is advisable with nest tendril root not, plants or tiltedly plants, 3~5 centimetres of earthing, suppression a little after planting by 8~10 centimetres of distances are upright;
Embodiment 2:
A kind of Radix Codonopsis cultivation method of efficient volume increase comprises the steps:
(1) prepares before the training seedling
A, soil are prepared: begin whole ground mid-October, earlier 30cm ploughed in the soil, and evenly spray with glyphosate (weed killer herbicide), and after 4~5 days that ground leveling rake is thin, make the ridge implantation by 1.0 meters for wide following current water direction, the high 20cm in seedbed, seedbed spacing 30cm;
B, seed prepare: earlier seed is washed in a pan only, the Gibberellins solution with 50ppm before the sowing was soaked 5 hours, then seed was pulled out to wash down a little with clear water and dried;
(2) sowing
A, because the Radix Codonopsis seed is tiny, all do not blown off by wind during even sowing for making sowing, before broadcasting seed and ash and phosphate fertilizer are mixed by 1:1000:50, and evenly sow, every mu of consumption is 4~5 kilograms;
B, after planting cover with fine earth, be advisable to cover seed;
C, sowing finish, and, and water and preserve moisture on case with every mu of 2000~3000 kilograms of farmyard manure spreadings;
D, spent the winter after, seed sprouting waters at any time and preserves moisture and field weeding;
(3) rapid seedling cultivation
A, employing elite seed breeding training seedling, i.e. first generation group training seedling is as propagating materials;
B, grow to more than 25 centimetres when the seedbed seedling, stem apex, stem section form, just can begin to get its stem apex, stem section, it is living that 500ppm is immersed in the wound, root powder solution-treated finishes, and directly inoculates agricultural facility booth hotbed, and stem apex stem section begins to survive regeneration in hotbed soil, 28~35 ℃ of growths of temperature 30 days, form second generation whole plant;
After c, second generation whole plant form, continue to get its plants stems section and stem apex and continue inoculation reproduction in agricultural facility booth seedbed, third generation plant seedling forms after 30 days, and 30 days cycles can emerge for planting;
(4) transplant:
A, autumn sowing are advisable to transplant autumn, and transplanting was advisable sooner or later with the cloudy day, as the soil arid, dug seedling and suitably watered in preceding 1~2 day, kept the soil humidity, in order to avoid hinder seedling, transplanted Ying Suiqi nearby with planting, and avoided damaging the brood cell;
B, ridge cultivation: press 20 centimetres of trench diggings of line-spacing at the furrow face, ditch depth is planted size by kind and is decided, and generally is advisable with nest tendril root not, plants or tiltedly plants, 3~5 centimetres of earthing, suppression a little after planting by 8~10 centimetres of distances are upright;
(5) field management
A, as the Heavenly Stems, need water at any time and preserve moisture, water to be advisable afternoon dusk;
B, non-irrigated as waterlogging need clean out a drain at any time, reinforces the limit, ridge, anti-damage caused by waterlogging;
C, the extermination of disease and insect pest, damping off, damping off, root rot etc. are generally arranged seedling stage, insect pest has grub, wireworm etc., available " Propamocarb " or " Miao Kang " add " happy every year " cell division soft white hands foliage-spray, and once the middle and later periods disease mainly contained anthracnose, virus disease, bacillary perforation etc. in 10 days at interval, insect pest has borer, mythimna separata, aphid etc., with bactericide such as agricultural streptomycin such as propiconazole, Difenoconazoles, insecticide has " envelope evil ", uses such as " power are attacked ";
D, the weeding of topdressing: Radix Codonopsis is the happiness fertilizer-plant, and mid-June, every mu is mixed for 15 kilograms with superphosphate with 10 kilograms in ammonium sulfate and to impose, and imposes method, opens 6 centimetres of ditches in root 10 centimeters in the ranks, earths up after applying fertilizer.Weeding is 3~4 times in general vegetative period, the banking up of loosening the soil during weeding;
E, built are held up climing: begin built when high about 30 centimetres of young plant, make climing the climbing up by holding on to of its base, ventilation and penetrating light is avoided the intensive overlapping of stem branch, improves photosynthetic efficiency.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of Radix Codonopsis cultivation method of efficient volume increase comprises the steps:
(1) prepares before the training seedling
A, soil are prepared: begin whole ground mid-October, earlier 30cm ploughed in the soil, and evenly spray with glyphosate (weed killer herbicide), and after 4~5 days that ground leveling rake is thin, make the ridge implantation by 1.0 meters for wide following current water direction, the high 20cm in seedbed, seedbed spacing 30cm;
B, seed prepare: earlier seed is washed in a pan only, the Gibberellins solution with 50ppm before the sowing was soaked 5 hours, then seed was pulled out to wash down a little with clear water and dried;
(2) sowing
A, because the Radix Codonopsis seed is tiny, all do not blown off by wind during even sowing for making sowing, before broadcasting seed and ash and phosphate fertilizer are mixed by 1:1000:50, and evenly sow, every mu of consumption is 4~5 kilograms;
B, after planting cover with fine earth, be advisable to cover seed;
C, sowing finish, and, and water and preserve moisture on case with every mu of 2000~3000 kilograms of farmyard manure spreadings;
D, for the area that easily freeze winter, need covering with plastic film to pass the winter, with moisture-heat preservation;
E, spent the winter after, seed sprouting, weather is warm, with mulch film except, allow the seedling self-sow, and water at any time and preserve moisture and field weeding;
(3) rapid seedling cultivation
A, employing elite seed breeding training seedling, i.e. first generation group training seedling is as propagating materials;
B, grow to more than 25 centimetres when the seedbed seedling, stem apex, stem section form, just can begin to get its stem apex, stem section, it is living that 500ppm is immersed in the wound, root powder solution-treated finishes, and directly inoculates agricultural facility booth hotbed, and stem apex stem section begins to survive regeneration in hotbed soil, 28~35 ℃ of growths of temperature 30 days, form second generation whole plant;
After c, second generation whole plant form, continue to get its plants stems section and stem apex and continue inoculation reproduction in agricultural facility booth seedbed, third generation plant seedling forms after 30 days, and 30 days cycles can emerge for planting;
(4) transplant:
A, autumn sowing are advisable to transplant autumn, and transplanting was advisable sooner or later with the cloudy day, as the soil arid, dug seedling and suitably watered in preceding 1~2 day, kept the soil humidity, in order to avoid hinder seedling, transplanted Ying Suiqi nearby with planting, and avoided damaging the brood cell;
B, ridge plant: open 15~20 centimetres of zanjons along the ridge, tiltedly plant for 8~10 centimetres by a distance, 5~7 centimetres of earthing are planted back suppression Bao Qiang in time;
(5) field management
A, as the Heavenly Stems, need water at any time and preserve moisture, water to be advisable afternoon dusk;
B, non-irrigated as waterlogging need clean out a drain at any time, reinforces the limit, ridge, anti-damage caused by waterlogging;
C, the extermination of disease and insect pest, damping off, damping off, root rot etc. are generally arranged seedling stage, insect pest has grub, wireworm etc., available " Propamocarb " or " Miao Kang " add " happy every year " cell division soft white hands foliage-spray, and once the middle and later periods disease mainly contained anthracnose, virus disease, bacillary perforation etc. in 10 days at interval, insect pest has borer, mythimna separata, aphid etc., with bactericide such as agricultural streptomycin such as propiconazole, Difenoconazoles, insecticide has " envelope evil ", uses such as " power are attacked ";
D, the weeding of topdressing: Radix Codonopsis is the happiness fertilizer-plant, and mid-June, every mu is mixed for 15 kilograms with superphosphate with 10 kilograms in ammonium sulfate and to impose, and imposes method, opens 6 centimetres of ditches in root 10 centimeters in the ranks, earths up after applying fertilizer.Weeding is 3~4 times in general vegetative period, the banking up of loosening the soil during weeding;
E, built are held up climing: begin built when high about 30 centimetres of young plant, make climing the climbing up by holding on to of its base, ventilation and penetrating light is avoided the intensive overlapping of stem branch, improves photosynthetic efficiency.
(6) Radix Codonopsis is gathered: transplant field was gathered in 2 years, and ripe Radix Codonopsis freezes to seedling in overground part is withered that (soil enter the winter low temperature phase of congealing be called freeze) is preceding to be picking time, with the performance optimal of gathering in the two weeks of front and back White Dew;
The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, any technical solution of the present invention content that do not break away from,, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment does according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the Radix Codonopsis cultivation method of an efficient volume increase comprises the steps:
(1) prepares before the training seedling
A, soil are prepared: begin whole ground mid-October, earlier 30cm ploughed in the soil, and evenly spray with weed killer herbicide, and after 4~5 days that ground leveling rake is thin, make the ridge implantation by 1.0 meters for wide following current water direction, the high 20cm in seedbed, seedbed spacing 30cm;
B, seed prepare: earlier seed is washed in a pan only, the Gibberellins solution with 50ppm before the sowing was soaked 5 hours, then seed was pulled out to wash down a little with clear water and dried;
(2) sowing
A, seed and ash and phosphate fertilizer are mixed by 1:1000:50 before broadcasting, and evenly sow, every mu of seed consumption is 4~5 kilograms;
B, after planting cover with fine earth, be advisable to cover seed;
C, sowing finish, and, and water and preserve moisture on case with every mu of 2000~3000 kilograms of farmyard manure spreadings;
D, spent the winter after, seed sprouting waters at any time and preserves moisture and field weeding;
(3) rapid seedling cultivation
A, employing first generation group training seedling are as propagating materials;
B, when the seedbed seedling grows to 25 centimetres high, stem apex, stem section form, just can begin to get its stem apex, stem section, the wound is immersed the 500ppm rooting powder solution and is disposed, directly inoculate agricultural facility booth hotbed, stem apex stem section begins to survive regeneration in hotbed soil, 28~35 ℃ of growths of temperature 30 days, form second generation whole plant;
After c, second generation whole plant form, continue to get its plants stems section and stem apex and continue inoculation reproduction in agricultural facility booth seedbed, third generation plant seedling forms after 30 days, and 30 days cycles can emerge for planting;
(4) transplant:
A, autumn sowing are advisable to transplant autumn, and transplanting was advisable sooner or later with the cloudy day, kept the soil humidity, in order to avoid hinder seedling, transplanted Ying Suiqi nearby with planting, and avoided damaging the brood cell;
B, ridge plant: open 15~20 centimetres of zanjons along the ridge, tiltedly plant for 8~10 centimetres by a distance, 5~7 centimetres of earthing are planted back suppression Bao Qiang in time;
Ridge cultivation: press 20 centimetres of trench diggings of line-spacing at the furrow face, ditch depth is planted size by kind and is decided, and generally is advisable with nest tendril root not, plants or tiltedly plants, 3~5 centimetres of earthing, suppression a little after planting by 8~10 centimetres of distances are upright.
2. the Radix Codonopsis cultivation method of a kind of efficient volume increase as claimed in claim 1, wherein to the sowing of (2) step: to the area that freezes easily winter, need covering with plastic film to pass the winter, with moisture-heat preservation, spent the winter after, seed sprouting, weather is warm, with mulch film except, allow the seedling self-sow, water at any time and preserve moisture and field weeding.
3. the Radix Codonopsis cultivation method of a kind of efficient volume increase as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein also comprises field management:
A, as the Heavenly Stems, need water at any time and preserve moisture, water to be advisable afternoon dusk;
B, non-irrigated as waterlogging need clean out a drain at any time, reinforces the limit, ridge, anti-damage caused by waterlogging;
C, the extermination of disease and insect pest;
D, the weeding of topdressing: mid-June, every mu is mixed for 15 kilograms with superphosphate with 10 kilograms in ammonium sulfate and to impose, and imposes method, opens 6 centimetres of ditches in root 10 centimeters in the ranks, earths up after applying fertilizer, and weeding is 3~4 times in vegetative period, the banking up of loosening the soil during weeding;
E, built are held up climing: begin built when high about 30 centimetres of young plant, make climing the climbing up by holding on to of its base.
4. the Radix Codonopsis cultivation method of a kind of efficient volume increase as claimed in claim 3, wherein also comprise and gathering: transplant field was gathered in 2 years, and ripe Radix Codonopsis is withered in overground part to be picking time before frozen soil,
Radix Codonopsis is with the performance optimal of gathering in the two weeks before and after White Dew.
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CN103875415A (en) * | 2014-03-22 | 2014-06-25 | 竹山金九堂生物医药科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional cultivating method of codonopsis pillosula |
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CN105210623A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-01-06 | 李付炯 | The implantation methods of Radix Codonopsis |
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CN112673826A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-20 | 安康市农业科学研究院 | Seedling breeding method using dangshen reed heads |
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