CN103250573A - Seedling growing method for overcoming self-incompatibility of pears - Google Patents
Seedling growing method for overcoming self-incompatibility of pears Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103250573A CN103250573A CN201310180730XA CN201310180730A CN103250573A CN 103250573 A CN103250573 A CN 103250573A CN 201310180730X A CN201310180730X A CN 201310180730XA CN 201310180730 A CN201310180730 A CN 201310180730A CN 103250573 A CN103250573 A CN 103250573A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- grafting
- pears
- seedling
- varieties
- pollen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Abstract
Provided is a seedling growing method for overcoming self-incompatibility of pears. The method includes the steps of stock seedling breeding and grafting. According to the step of grafting, two varieties are selected and combined as cions, and the two varieties are different in S gene classification, synchronous in flowering phase, large in pollen quantity and strong in pollen viability; in breeding of pear variety seedlings without pollen, the pear variety seedlings need to be combined with other two varieties or three varieties as cions, and the two varieties or three varieties are different in S gene classification, synchronous in flowering phase, large in pollen quantity and strong in pollen viability; the grafting method is bud grafting, the combinations of the two varieties are Yuan Huang (S3S4)+Cui Guan (S2S5), and the like, and the combinations of the three varieties is Xin Gao (S3S9)+Yuan Huang (S3S4)+Cui Guan (S2S5), and the like. According to the seedling growing method for overcoming the self-incompatibility of the pears, problems existing in pollination variety selective breeding of the pears are fundamental solved in the seedling breeding stage, and therefore great economic losses brought to orchard workers in production and caused by the self-incompatibility of the pears can be avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pear tree culture technique field, is a kind of seedling-cultivating method that overcomes the pear tree self-incompatibillity.
Background technology
Pears are that China master plants second largest deciduous fruit tree, occupy critical role in national economy.According to FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) (FAO) statistics, Chinese pears harvest area in 2011 and gross yield are respectively 113.2 ten thousand hectares and 1594.5 ten thousand tons, account for 70.1% and 66.7% of global pears total yield area and output respectively, all occupy first place in the world.But aborning, pears need correctly to dispose pollinated variety and could obtain economic flow rate because having self-incompatibillity.This brings very big inconvenience to the producer.
(Self-incompatibility is that phanerogams prevents inbreeding and keeps the successional a kind of important mechanisms of species SI) to self-incompatibillity.Press morphology and genetic sorting technique, the SI of plant is divided into isomorphism SI(Homomorphic SI) and heteromorphism (Heteromorphic SI) two major types.Isomorphism SI is divided into sporophyte type (Sporophytic), gamete build (Gametophytic) and sporophyte type-gamete build (Sporophytic-Gametophytic) again.At present, the clear and definite pears of molecular biology research are gametophyte self-incompatible type plants of a plurality of allelomorph controls in single site, its self-incompatibillity is by the multiple allele of a gene loci (self-incompatibility allele, be called for short S-allele or S-gene) control, show as self-pollination or identical
SBetween the genotype kind during cross pollination, though pollen can be sprouted at column cap, in the elongation way along style to ovary, be suppressed and stop growing, can't finish fertilization, and cause self-pollination or identical
SCross pollination is shaky between the genotype kind.Such as pears kind ' abundance of water ' and ' Huashan ', they
SGenotype is and is S
3S
5, so these two kinds can't be mutually as pollinizers.Except at first considering it
SOutside the genotype, pears pollinated variety apolegamy also needs to consider the pollen amount of kind and pollen vigor, florescence factor such as whether meet, and should not be used as pollinated variety such as ' gold ' and ' new peak ' because of pollen abortion.
Pears genetic background is very complicated, so it is grown seedlings and generally finishes by asexual reproduction methods such as graftings.Common seedling-cultivating method is: after the person of growing seedlings is emerged birch-leaf pear or beans pears stock planting seed, with the scion grafting of a pear cultivation kind to stock, thereby breed into the pears seedling of this kind.And how to be its correct apolegamy pollinated variety, be a difficult problem for the grower of pears seedling.This method is being passed through the pears kind
SOn genotype and phenophase at the florescence observational study basis, the pollinated variety combination that apolegamy is good suitable, and with its grafting to a strain rootstock seedling, contain two or three and can be used as the affine pears kind nursery stock of mutual pollination thereby breed out.This method can be the pears farming and fundamentally effectively overcomes pears and bring the improper loss that brings to production of pollinated variety apolegamy because of self-incompatibillity.The present invention solves the apolegamy of the pollinizers in pear cultivation production problem in the stage of growing seedlings at all, brings very big facility for the pear tree grower.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of pears seedling-cultivating method.In pears seedling grafting period, different pears kind scion combination graftings that will suitable pollination mutually and then are bred into the pear tree nursery stock that carries pollinated variety to same rootstock seedling, can effectively overcome the not affine and pollinated variety apolegamy difficult problem brought of pears selfing.
Technical scheme provided by the invention:
A kind of seedling-cultivating method that overcomes the pears self-incompatibillity, its concrete steps are as follows:
1. breeding of rootstock seedling:
The pears seedling rootstock is generally selected birch-leaf pear or beans pears; The stock seed after handling, lamination is sowed at the field after early spring, soil thawed; When height of seedling 30 cm, stay 7～8 of Da Ye to carry out pinching, spray with the gibberellin of 30 ~ 50 mg/L and handle, promote young sprout to increase slightly until can grafting;
2. grafting:
When rootstock seedling on the ground 10 cm place rugosity reach 0.8 cm and can carry out grafting when above; 10d waters water one time before the grafting;
Select that kind is pure, robust growth, the insect pest of nothing quarantine venereal disease, The Characters are stable the full bearing period pear tree as adopting the fringe maternal plant; Select S genotype difference, flower synchronization and the big pollen of pollen amount energetic two, breed combination as scion;
During for the breeding of the pears kind nursery stock of no pollen, need be different with other S genotype, energetic two breed combinations of flower synchronization and the big pollen of pollen amount or three breed combinations are as scion; Grafting method is bud grafting;
During grafting, wipe out the following side shoot in stock trunk graft position, the grafting mouth is apart from more than the 15cm of ground, between two scion varieties at a distance of 3 ~ 5cm; If be two breed combinations then be 180 ° between two scion, if be 3 breed combinations then be 120 ° of arrangements between scion;
3. managing after grafting:
About 10 d, touch bud sheet petiole and namely come off after the bud grafting, show grafting survival, should in time remove bondage;
Before the rudiment in spring in 1 year, anvil is cut at 0.5 cm place on buddering in the top, short its sprouting of buddering, and in time erase rudiment on the stock;
When grafting grew to the 110 cm left and right sides, to its continuous pinching, short its enriched, overstriking;
Mid or late September is to the grafting processing of being completely cured, to inspire lateral root; The outplanting standard (NY475-2002) is carried out with reference to Ministry of Agriculture's industry standard " pears nursery stock ".
Wherein two breed combinations are: garden Huang (S
3S
4)+emerald green hat (S
2S
5)
Emerald green hat (S
2S
5)+aqua regin (S
3S
4)
Abundance of water (S
3S
5No. 1 (the S in)+Jinsui River
3S
7)
Three breed combinations are: new peak (S
3S
9)+garden Huang (S
3S
4)+emerald green hat (S
2S
5)
Gold (S
3S
4)+emerald green hat (S
2S
5)+snow virtue (S
4S
16)
Beneficial effect:
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
The existing seedling-cultivating method of pears is the grafting and breeding of single variety, and pears must correctly carry out the pollinizers configuration because of self-incompatibillity and could produce economic flow rate, are an individual difficult problem for vast pears are agricultural and how correctly to match pollinated variety.Pears seedling-cultivating method of the present invention gives basic solution with the apolegamy of pears pollinated variety in the stage of growing seedlings, thereby has overcome the heavy economic losses that pears bring to the orchard worker aborning because of self-incompatibillity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is bud grafting figure
Fig. 2 finishes figure for simple bud connects
Fig. 3 is two scion variety spacing figure
Fig. 4 is grafting survival figure.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
Basic thought of the present invention is to utilize graft technology namely to solve the pollinated variety apolegamy difficult problem that pears bring because of self-incompatibillity in the production in the stage of growing seedlings.
Embodiment 1
Adopt the inventive method the stage of growing seedlings solved produce in the pollinizers apolegamy difficult problem of the yellow pears in garden and emerald green hat pears.Concrete technical step is as follows:
1, breeding of rootstock seedling: beans pears seed is sowed at the field after early spring, soil thawed after lamination is handled.Nursery lot should use sufficient base fertilizer, and executes in the thin fertile duty in back of emerging, and enhances field management.When 30 centimetres of heights of seedling, stay 7～8 of Da Ye to carry out pinching, spray with the gibberellin of 50 mg/L and handle, promote that young sprout increases slightly.
2, grafting: 7 ~ August, when rootstock seedling on the ground 10cm place rugosity reach 0.8cm and can carry out grafting when above.10d waters water one time before the grafting.Select that kind is pure, robust growth, the insect pest of nothing quarantine venereal disease, (the S genotype is S to the stable garden Huang in the full bearing period of The Characters
3S
4) and kingfisher is preced with, and (the S genotype is S
2S
5) pear tree is as adopting the fringe maternal plant.Grafting method is bud grafting.During grafting, wipe out the following side shoot in stock trunk graft position, the grafting mouth at a distance of 5cm, is 180 ° of arrangements at stock apart from more than the 15cm of ground between two scion varieties.
3, managing after grafting:
10d after the bud grafting touches bud sheet petiole and namely comes off, and shows grafting survival, in time removes bondage.Before the rudiment in spring in 1 year, anvil is cut at 0.5 cm place on buddering in the top, short its sprouting of buddering, and in time erase rudiment on the stock.When grafting grew to the 110 cm left and right sides, to its continuous pinching, short its enriched, overstriking.Mid or late September is to the grafting processing of being completely cured, to inspire lateral root.The outplanting standard (NY475-2002) is carried out with reference to Ministry of Agriculture's industry standard " pears nursery stock ".
This pears seedling is welcome by the orchard worker deeply after going out the garden, pears seedling price is 1.5 ~ 3 times of common pears seedling.Bring very big facility on the one hand vast pears farming, no longer worry to match the improper production loss that brings because of pollinated variety; Also increased the person's of growing seedlings income on the other hand.
Claims (1)
1. seedling-cultivating method that overcomes the pears self-incompatibillity, its concrete steps are as follows:
1. breeding of rootstock seedling:
The pears seedling rootstock is generally selected birch-leaf pear or beans pears; The stock seed after handling, lamination is sowed at the field after early spring, soil thawed; When height of seedling 30 cm, stay 7～8 of Da Ye to carry out pinching, spray with the gibberellin of 30 ~ 50 mg/L and handle, promote young sprout to increase slightly until can grafting;
2. grafting:
When rootstock seedling on the ground 10 cm place rugosity reach 0.8 cm and can carry out grafting when above; 10d waters water one time before the grafting;
Select that kind is pure, robust growth, the insect pest of nothing quarantine venereal disease, The Characters are stable the full bearing period pear tree as adopting the fringe maternal plant; Select two energetic improved seeds combinations of S genotype difference, flower synchronization and the big pollen of pollen amount as scion;
During for the breeding of the pears kind nursery stock of no pollen, need be different with other S genotype, energetic two breed combinations of flower synchronization and the big pollen of pollen amount or three breed combinations are as scion; Grafting method is bud grafting;
During grafting, wipe out the following side shoot in stock trunk graft position, the grafting mouth is apart from more than the 15cm of ground, between two scion varieties at a distance of 3 ~ 5cm; If be two breed combinations then be 180 ° between two scion, if be 3 breed combinations then be 120 ° of arrangements between scion;
3. managing after grafting:
About 10 d, touch bud sheet petiole and namely come off after the bud grafting, show grafting survival, should in time remove bondage;
Before the rudiment in spring in 1 year, anvil is cut at 0.5 cm place on buddering in the top, short its sprouting of buddering, and in time erase rudiment on the stock;
When grafting grew to the 110 cm left and right sides, to its continuous pinching, short its enriched, overstriking;
Mid or late September is to the grafting processing of being completely cured, to inspire lateral root; The outplanting standard (NY475-2002) is carried out with reference to Ministry of Agriculture's industry standard " pears nursery stock ";
Wherein said two breed combinations are: garden Huang (S
3S
4)+emerald green hat (S
2S
5)
Emerald green hat (S
2S
5)+aqua regin (S
3S
4)
Abundance of water (S
3S
5No. 1 (the S in)+Jinsui River
3S
7)
Described three breed combinations are: new peak (S
3S
9)+garden Huang (S
3S
4)+emerald green hat (S
2S
5)
Gold (S
3S
4)+emerald green hat (S
2S
5)+snow virtue (S
4S
16).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310180730.XA CN103250573B (en) | 2013-05-16 | 2013-05-16 | Seedling growing method for overcoming self-incompatibility of pears |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310180730.XA CN103250573B (en) | 2013-05-16 | 2013-05-16 | Seedling growing method for overcoming self-incompatibility of pears |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103250573A true CN103250573A (en) | 2013-08-21 |
| CN103250573B CN103250573B (en) | 2014-05-07 |
Family
ID=48955094
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310180730.XA Expired - Fee Related CN103250573B (en) | 2013-05-16 | 2013-05-16 | Seedling growing method for overcoming self-incompatibility of pears |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103250573B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105993617A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-10-12 | 蔡文霞 | High-altitude planting method for eriobotrya japonica |
| CN106069219A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of cultural method of other kind pears of pear-tree grafting |
| CN106888814A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-06-27 | 刘四黑 | High section of oil tea changes hat combination engrafting method |
| CN108077062A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-29 | 清涧县科学技术局 | A kind of jujube tree artificial hybridization Juvenile stage method based on S genotype |
| CN109526432A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-29 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | The nursery of coll area at high altitude sweet cherry and garden building method |
| CN110301240A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-08 | 河北工程大学 | A kind of method that trunk shape pear tree height connects control apical dominance raising percentage of fertile fruit |
| CN114631436A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-17 | 四川小柳树农业开发有限公司 | Grafting planting method for flower pears |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20030028522A (en) * | 2003-03-07 | 2003-04-08 | 경상남도 | The methods for tow branch growth of young Pear tree |
| CN102783413A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-11-21 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Fast crossbreeding method of pear tree |
-
2013
- 2013-05-16 CN CN201310180730.XA patent/CN103250573B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20030028522A (en) * | 2003-03-07 | 2003-04-08 | 경상남도 | The methods for tow branch growth of young Pear tree |
| CN102783413A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-11-21 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Fast crossbreeding method of pear tree |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 谭晓风等: "中国梨品种自交不亲和新基因的分离鉴定", 《中南林学院学报》, vol. 25, no. 1, 28 February 2005 (2005-02-28) * |
| 陈超等: "果树自交不亲和机理及应用研究进展", 《河北林果研究》, vol. 20, no. 1, 31 March 2005 (2005-03-31) * |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105993617A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-10-12 | 蔡文霞 | High-altitude planting method for eriobotrya japonica |
| CN106069219A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of cultural method of other kind pears of pear-tree grafting |
| CN106888814A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-06-27 | 刘四黑 | High section of oil tea changes hat combination engrafting method |
| CN108077062A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-29 | 清涧县科学技术局 | A kind of jujube tree artificial hybridization Juvenile stage method based on S genotype |
| CN109526432A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-29 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | The nursery of coll area at high altitude sweet cherry and garden building method |
| CN109526432B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-04-23 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Sweet cherry seedling raising and garden building method in high-altitude cold areas |
| CN110301240A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-08 | 河北工程大学 | A kind of method that trunk shape pear tree height connects control apical dominance raising percentage of fertile fruit |
| CN110301240B (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2021-08-20 | 河北工程大学 | Method for improving fruit set percentage by controlling top end advantage through trunk-shaped pear tree high grafting |
| CN114631436A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-17 | 四川小柳树农业开发有限公司 | Grafting planting method for flower pears |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103250573B (en) | 2014-05-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103250573B (en) | Seedling growing method for overcoming self-incompatibility of pears | |
| CN103918464B (en) | Winter haw Malus spectabilis and the hybrid breeding method of apple | |
| CN103371099A (en) | Good-quality and high-yield seed production technique of muskmelon | |
| CN105010129A (en) | Precocity upland cotton new-germplasm breeding method | |
| CN103355159B (en) | A kind of selection of perennial forage maize | |
| CN105941071B (en) | A kind of cultivation of new varieties apple tree and mating system | |
| CN106665332A (en) | Method for carrying out recurrent selection breeding on water-saving and drought-resisting rice by utilizing dominant nuclear male sterile material | |
| CN104381121A (en) | Pollination method for increasing greenhouse seed production yield of thin-peel melon | |
| CN105104168B (en) | The close hybrid rice breeding method of parent's duration from seeding to heading | |
| CN103385074A (en) | Pepper autumn delay cultivation method | |
| CN104855224A (en) | Planting method for achieving continuous high and stable almond yield under intercropping condition | |
| CN104542254B (en) | Cross breeding method for facilitating blooming of cassava in subtropical areas | |
| CN101167422A (en) | Stepped circulating branch-trimming method for eggplant | |
| CN101390492B (en) | Natural hybridization seed-production method of triploid radix salvia miltiorrhizae using purple gene as label character | |
| CN101124886B (en) | Hybrid seed production method using cotton sterile male line and recovery line to processing ratoon regeneration | |
| CN103125246B (en) | Root limiting cultivating method of quickly achieving peach filial generation seed selection | |
| AU2015202003A1 (en) | A method of in vitro culture of wheat spikes through hybridization between wheat and maize to induce haploid embryos | |
| CN104351000A (en) | Culture method of pomelo hybrid | |
| CN106561457A (en) | Heterophylla hybrid seed artificial cultivating and breeding method | |
| CN112616648A (en) | Method for optimizing sweet potato group hybridization scheme and application thereof | |
| CN109315284A (en) | A kind of facility entomophila tea tree hybridizing method | |
| CN104285783A (en) | Seed selection method of E. urophylla*E. Grandis clone DH32-13 | |
| CN104823834A (en) | Method for breeding novel cockscomb specie by epigenetics principle and distant hybirdization | |
| CN112470838B (en) | Method for solving flowering asynchronism of distant hybridization of sorghum sterile line and sudan grass | |
| CN101707977A (en) | Method for producing hybrid seeds by use of pepper genic male sterile line and restorer line |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140507 Termination date: 20150516 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |