CN103238507B - All organic cultivation medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an all organic cultivation medium for non-cultivated land vegetables and potted vegetables and belongs to the technical field of agricultural production. The all organic cultivation medium is formed by preparing common cultivatea mushroom residues, coconut residuum, grass carbon and tobacco leaves according to a specific proportion; and the common cultivatea mushroom residues consist of enoki mushroom residues and straw mushroom residues at a volume ratio of (0.8-1.25):1. The all organic cultivation medium can provide abundant nutrient elements for the growth of plants, does not include inorganic matter of vermiculite, perlite or slag, is not refractory, does not pollute the environment, and meanwhile the all organic cultivation medium has the same permeability as a medium with vermiculite, perlite or slag as inorganic framework materials.

Description

All organic cultivation medium

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of all organic cultivation medium for uncultivated area vegetables and Vegetable, belong to agriculture production technology scope.

Background technology

Along with the fast development of chemical industry, in Vegetable produce, nitrate and the agricultural chemicals problem such as to exceed standard is more and more serious, and vegetables commodity lose original natural taste, and food-safety problem receives the concern of society.The above Vegetable produce base of existing scale needs triennium transition period high in cost of production feature be difficult to large area development and promote because it converts organic vegetable planting base to.Nearly 2 years, utilize uncultivated area and Vegetable to become minority and become, uncultivated area and basin culturing vegetable can avoid the fertilizer and pesticide that accumulates in soil to pollute, and people can be allowed again to realize the enjoyment in rural area after work.

Mushroom slag is the solid waste material of mushroom industry, the metabolite wherein containing edible mushroom: comprise carbohydrate, organic acid, enzyme and bioactivator, the microbiologic population of substantial amounts and residual mycelium, have the potentiality of ecological use.Coconut palm chaff is cocoanut husk fiber dust, is the organic medium of a kind of pure natural under coming off from cocoanut husk fiber process.

There is the report about mushroom slag or coconut palm chaff being used for cultivation matrix at present.Such as, Chinese patent 2010105244288 discloses a kind of cultivation matrix being key component with straw mushroom slag, vermiculite and coconut palm chaff.Chinese patent 2012100360027 discloses a kind of cultivation matrix being key component with mushroom slag, cow dung, slag.

But all making containing vermiculite or slag or perlite etc. the compound ensureing gas permeability framework material in above-mentioned two kinds and other cultivation matrixes existing, is not be made up of organic component completely.Vermiculite, perlite or slag belong to inorganic matter, account for total amount 30% ~ 40%, and frangible, are the mineral matters of difficult degradation, and when secondary utilizes, its permeability reduces by more than 50%, and the respiratory system of its dust to people has detrimental effect, is unfavorable for Environmental security.

Summary of the invention

An object of the present invention is for uncultivated area and Vegetable cultivation provide a kind of all organic cultivation medium be made up of organic substance completely.

Realize the technical scheme of foregoing invention object:

A kind of all organic cultivation medium, is prepared from by the component of following parts by volume: two mushroom slag 40-60 part, coconut palm chaff 15 ~ 30 parts, peat composed of rotten mosses 20-40 part, tobacco leaf 0-3 part; Described pair of mushroom slag is made up of according to the volume ratio of 0.8-1.25:1 Asparagus slag and straw mushroom slag.

The present invention is by selecting specific organic substance and making each organic substance cooperatively interact according to special ratios and prepare a kind of all organic cultivation medium; It can not only provide abundant nutritive element for plant growth; Also possess the permeability identical with the matrix taking vermiculite, perlite or slag etc. as inorganic skeleton material simultaneously.

In order to improve the anti-microbial property of all organic cultivation medium, above-mentioned all organic cultivation medium is preferably by two mushroom slag 60 parts, and coconut palm chaff 20 parts, the peat composed of rotten mosses 20 parts, tobacco leaf powder 3 parts is prepared from.

A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned all organic cultivation medium:

(1) get after straw mushroom slag and Asparagus slag mix in proportion and carbon-nitrogen rate is adjusted to 25 ~ 30:1, add zymophyte; Bar buttress formula or raft fermentation, become evenly in the fluffy dry and comfortable material of brown and C/N ratio is down to 15 ~ 17:1 to fermentation product; Obtain two mushroom slag fermentation thing;

(2) spray Antagonistic Fungi after mix with two mushroom slag fermentation thing by the coconut palm Kang being down to less than 0.1 through the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, EC value, bar piles up neatly formula or raft ageing 20 to 40 days, to water content 20-30%; Obtain biological base;

(3) biological base, tobacco leaf powder are mixed in proportion with the peat composed of rotten mosses, obtain all organic cultivation medium.

In step (1), feces of livestock and poultry, stalk or sucrose is adopted to regulate C/N ratio.

Between the fermentation of step (1) and (2) or aging period, within 5 to 7 days, stir once, the sudden and violent gas of ventilation oxygenation is no less than 3 times.

Described zymophyte is the one in VT-aerobic fermentation microbial inoculum such as aerobic fermentation bacterium, EM zymophyte, and its consumption is the 0.05-0.2% of White mushroom slag and Asparagus slag gross mass.

Described Antagonistic Fungi is fusarium wilt Antagonistic Fungi or downy mildew of cucurbits Antagonistic Fungi, and its consumption is the 0.1-0.5% of the quality of material after coconut palm Kang and two mushroom slag fermentation mixing of materials.

beneficial effect

1., there is not the problem of difficult degradation, contaminated environment in the inorganic substances not containing vermiculite, perlite or slag;

2. do not use chemical fertilizer, the equal degradable of various organic substance; Not only can not cause soil compaction problem but also can soil environment be improved;

3. various organic substance is composite, can provide abundant, comprehensive nutritive element for plant growth; The balcony dish growing way cultivated is good, nutritive value is higher;

4. the mushroom slag in raw material, coconut palm chaff are organic solid castoff material, and therefore, the present invention not only solves process problem, the more environmental protection of organic solid castoff material; And work the production cost reducing matrix.

embodiment

embodiment 1-10

raw material: adopted mushroom and just gone out two mushroom slags that the straw mushroom slag of mushroom house and Asparagus slag (same batch) form, is down to the coconut palm Kang of 0.09,200 object tobacco leaf powders through the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, EC value; Its parts by volume is as table 1:

Table 1

?	Two mushroom slag	Coconut palm chaff	The peat composed of rotten mosses	Tobacco leaf powder	Asparagus slag/straw mushroom slag
						Embodiment 1	40 parts	30 parts	30 parts	0 part	1:1
Embodiment 2	40 parts	25 parts	35 parts	3 parts	1:1
						Embodiment 3	40 parts	20 parts	40 parts	2 parts	1:1
Embodiment 4	50 parts	20 parts	30 parts	2 parts	1:1
						Embodiment 5	50 parts	30 parts	20 parts	1 part	1:1
Embodiment 6	60 parts	20 parts	20 parts	3 parts	1:1
						Embodiment 7	55 parts	20 parts	25 parts	1 part	1:1
Embodiment 8	60 parts	20 parts	20 parts	3 parts	0.8:1
						Embodiment 9	60 parts	20 parts	20 parts	3 parts	0.95:1
Embodiment 10	60 parts	20 parts	20 parts	3 parts	1.25:1

；

Operating procedure :

Get the two mushroom slags mixed in the ratio of table 1, adjustment carbon-nitrogen rate is to 25 ~ 30:1; Add VT-aerobic fermentation bacterium (VT-aerobic fermentation bacterium is 1:1000 with the mass ratio of two mushroom slag), after mixing, raft fermentation or bar pile up neatly formula technique 20 ~ 40 days, 5 to 7 days periods turned over the once sudden and violent gas of ventilation oxygenation and are no less than 3 times, became evenly in the fluffy dry and comfortable material of brown and C/N ratio is down to 15 ~ 17:1 to fermentation product; Obtain two mushroom slag fermentation thing;

(2) the coconut palm Kang being down to 0.09 through the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, EC value is mixed with two mushroom slag fermentation thing, then plant rhizosphere growth-promoting bacterium (PGPR) is sprayed according to the mass ratio of 1000:3, bar buttress formula or raft ageing 20 to 40 days, period can stir 1 to 2 time, is dried to water content 20%; Obtain biological base;

(3) biological base, tobacco leaf powder are mixed with the ratio of the peat composed of rotten mosses in table 1, obtain all organic cultivation medium.

Prepare raw material according to the ratio of table 1, operate according to above-mentioned steps, embodiment 1-10 has prepared matrix 1, matrix 2, matrix 3, matrix 4, matrix 5, matrix 6, matrix 7, matrix 8, matrix 9, matrix 10 respectively.

The all organic cultivation medium of embodiment 1 ~ 10 and peat composed of rotten mosses matrix (CK, peat composed of rotten mosses volume: perlite volume: vermiculite volume=3:1:1) every physico-chemical parameter and the growth indexes of the tomato cultivated (except matrix is different, other cultivation conditions are identical), as table 2;

Table 2

?	Matrix 1	Matrix 2	Matrix 3	Matrix 4	Matrix 5	Matrix 6	Matrix 7	Matrix 8	Matrix 9	Matrix 10	CK
												PH value	6.6	6.8	6.5	7.0	6.9	6.7	6.8	6.7	6.8	6.6	6.2
Content of organic matter %	36.1	34.7	34.9	36.3	36.7	35.1	35.9	33.9	34.2	35.5	33
												Unit weight g/cm 3	0.32	0.34	0.33	0.35	0.36	0.35	0.38	0.34	0.36	0.37	0.28
Shoot survival percent %	96.9	96.9	98.5	97.3	97.5	96.9	97.7	96.8	97.9	97.6	94.8
												Seedling-growing time (my god)	6.6	6.8	7.0	6.8	6.9	6.6	6.7	6.7	6.5	6.6	6.5
Plant height (cm)	18.3	18.5	18.4	18.9	18.7	18.9	18.6	18.5	18.9	18.8	16.5
												Stem thick (cm)	2.722	2.724	2.696	2.724	2.832	2.848	2.768	2.788	2.815	2.795	2.228
Leaf area	110	112	109	109	113	115	114	110	112	110	101

。The data of table 2 show, the growth indexes of the tomato using all organic cultivation medium of the present invention to cultivate is higher than the growth indexes of the tomato using common CK substrate culture.That is, when not adopting vermiculite, perlite or slag etc. as inorganic skeleton material, the permeability of matrix of the present invention meets the requirement of plant growth to permeability.Meanwhile, the organic substance in matrix of the present invention is that plant growth provides abundant and comprehensive nutrient component. ?

Claims (2)

1. an all organic cultivation medium, is characterized in that, is prepared from by the component of following parts by volume: two mushroom slag 40-60 part, coconut palm chaff 15 ~ 30 parts, peat composed of rotten mosses 20-40 part, tobacco leaf 0-3 part; Described pair of mushroom slag is made up of according to the volume ratio of 0.8-1.25:1 Asparagus slag and straw mushroom slag;

(1) get after straw mushroom slag and Asparagus slag mix in proportion and carbon-nitrogen rate is adjusted to 25 ~ 30:1, add zymophyte; Bar buttress formula or raft fermentation, become evenly in the fluffy dry and comfortable material of brown and C/N ratio is down to 15 ~ 17:1 to fermentation product; Obtain two mushroom slag fermentation thing;

(2) spray Antagonistic Fungi after mix with two mushroom slag fermentation thing by the coconut palm Kang being down to less than 0.1 through the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, EC value, bar piles up neatly formula or raft ageing 20 to 40 days, to water content 20-30%; Obtain biological base;

(3) biological base, tobacco leaf powder are mixed in proportion with the peat composed of rotten mosses, obtain all organic cultivation medium;

In step (1), feces of livestock and poultry, stalk or sucrose is adopted to regulate C/N ratio;

Between the fermentation of step (1) and (2) or aging period, within 5 to 7 days, stir once, the sudden and violent gas of ventilation oxygenation is no less than 3 times;

Described zymophyte is the one in VT-aerobic fermentation microbial inoculum such as aerobic fermentation bacterium, EM zymophyte, and its consumption is the 0.05-0.2% of White mushroom slag and Asparagus slag gross mass;

Described Antagonistic Fungi is fusarium wilt Antagonistic Fungi or downy mildew of cucurbits Antagonistic Fungi, and its consumption is the 0.1-0.5% of the quality of material after coconut palm Kang and two mushroom slag fermentation mixing of materials.

2. all organic cultivation medium according to claim 1, is characterized in that, by two mushroom slag 60 parts, coconut palm chaff 20 parts, the peat composed of rotten mosses 20 parts, tobacco leaf powder 3 parts is prepared from.