CN103865542A - Saline alkali soil improvement preparation and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Saline alkali soil improvement preparation and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103865542A CN103865542A CN201210539620.3A CN201210539620A CN103865542A CN 103865542 A CN103865542 A CN 103865542A CN 201210539620 A CN201210539620 A CN 201210539620A CN 103865542 A CN103865542 A CN 103865542A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a soil improvement agent, and in particular relates to a saline alkali soil improvement preparation and a preparation method thereof. The improvement preparation is a Pinaceae plant product, a fermentation matter of a mixture of the Pinaceae plant product and water, or a mixture of the Pinaceae plant product and faeces, or a Kombucha fermentation cultivation product. The improvement preparation has significant effects on elimination of widely-existed salinization of the tillage soil, especially greenhouse soil and improvement of soil fertility and sustainable farming ability, and can also be used in repair improvement of saline alkali deserts and salinized cultivated lands.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil improvement agent, specifically a kind of salt affected soil improved formulations and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Salinification is the common secondary disaster that is difficult to overcome that modern Irrigation farming faces.Often cause arable land desertification and crop failure even to have no harvest.And along with popularization and the development of booth high-efficiency agriculture, plastic shed soil is degenerated and the problem of secondary salinization also increases the weight of year by year, due to salinification, the underproduction even cannot continue to plant and abandons waste arable land also at increasing year by year.
By saline-alkali soil conditioner, salinification being ploughed and improved, is a kind of effectively approach.The at present existing a large amount of saline-alkali soil conditioner products in domestic and international market, but that these products all exist mostly such as production cost high price is expensive, need to consume a large amount of fresh water, uses inconvenience, to the poor shortcoming of severe salt affected soil effect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of salt affected soil improved formulations and preparation method thereof.For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: utilize the stalk residue of pinaceae plant fallen leaves and corn and Chinese sorghum sugarcane etc. and the nutrient solution of ight soil and tea fungus to produce and can significantly reduce soil salt and alkali content, improve the saline-alkali soil conditioner of soil physical chemistry structure.Specifically:
A kind of saline-alkali soil conditioner, the preparation that described modifying agent is pinaceae plant or tea fungus preparation.
The preparation of described pinaceae plant is pinaceae plant powder; Or the fermented product that mixes with water of pinaceae plant powder; Or the liquid fermentation production that mixes with ight soil of the solid mixture that mixes with ight soil of pinaceae plant powder or pinaceae plant powder.
The fallen leaves deadwood that described pinaceae plant powder is pinaceae plant is pulverized the powder of making by mummification.The fallen leaves deadwood that is specially pinaceae plant was pulverized 20-60 mesh sieve after naturally drying, dry or drying under 15-150 DEG C of condition.
The fermented product that described pinaceae plant powder mixes with water is that pinaceae plant powder is put in encloses container, add water taking the weight ratio of powder and water as the ratio of 1:10～1:100, and make temperature remain on 18-35 DEG C of condition bottom fermentation 5-20 days, the liquid after abundant homogenate.
The solid mixture that described pinaceae plant powder mixes with ight soil was for to pulverize 20-60 mesh sieve by ight soil through heap buried or sealed fermenting drying and sterilizing, and the weight ratio that is 1:1～100:1 with ight soil powder by pinaceae plant powder mixes.
The liquid fermentation production that described pinaceae plant powder mixes with ight soil is that pinaceae plant powder and the mixture that the ight soil powder of pulverizing 20-60 mesh sieve through heap buried or sealed fermenting drying and sterilizing mixes by weight 1:1～100:1 are put in encloses container, by weight for the ratio of 1:10～1:100, mix powder and water being mixed and maintain the temperature at the liquid that 18-30 DEG C of condition bottom fermentation obtains for 5-20 days.
Described tea fungus preparation is the fermentation culture of tea fungus.Specifically can be pinaceae plant powder, high starch plant waste powder, pinaceae plant powder adds water and mixes the fermentation culture of rear inoculation tea fungus through fermentation gained with high starch plant waste powder with ight soil or pinaceae plant powder with ight soil, high starch plant waste powder.
Described high starch plant waste powder can be in maize straw powder, broomcorn straw powder and sugarcane stalk residue powder and obtains one or more.
Described tea fungus fermentation culture is that pinaceae plant powder is put in container taking the weight ratio of powder and water as the ratio of 1:10～1:100 and added water, temperature is remained under 18-35 DEG C of condition, consumption inoculation tea fungus liquid taking the weight ratio of bacterium liquid and water as 1:10～1:100, the liquid of the acquisition in 5-20 days of ferment.
Described tea fungus fermentation culture can be that put in container at pinaceae plant powder and/or high starch plant powder (two kinds of powder can be arbitrary proportion while mixing) end, add water taking the weight ratio of powder and water as the ratio of 1:10～1:100, temperature is remained under 18-35 DEG C of condition, consumption inoculation tea fungus liquid taking the weight ratio of bacterium liquid and water as 1:10～1:100, the liquid of the acquisition in 5-20 days of ferment.
Described tea fungus fermentation culture can be and by weight the ratio of 1:1～100:1, pinaceae plant powder and/or high starch plant powder mixed to mixture afterwards with ight soil powder and put in container, then mix taking mixture and water weight ratio as the ratio of 1:10～1:100, temperature is remained under 18-35 DEG C of condition, consumption inoculation tea fungus liquid taking the weight ratio of bacterium liquid and water as 1:10～1:100, the liquid of the acquisition in 5-20 days of ferment.Wherein pinaceae plant powder and high starch plant powder can mix in any proportion.
The fermentation culture of described training tea fungus can be as stated above separately with the preparation that adds water of pinaceae plant powder, also can use broomcorn straw, maize straw and sugarcane residue powder separately or with pinaceae plant powder and the preparation of ight soil powder mixing and water adding.Between general above-mentioned plant, can mix arbitrarily, the blending ratio of above-mentioned plant powder and ight soil powder is advisable with 100:1.
Described modifying agent also can be hybridly prepared into water, soil, mud, chemical fertilizer, bio-waste, starch, vegetable jelly, gelatin, polysaccharide or macromolecular material the preparation use of different shape.Described modifying agent not only can, for saltings and salt marsh environment, also can, for gardens, gardening and flower culture field, to adjust the potential of hydrogen of soil, make it adapt to the growth of trees and flowers.
The preparation method of saline-alkali soil conditioner, the preparation that described modifying agent is pinaceae plant or tea fungus preparation;
The preparation of described pinaceae plant is pinaceae plant powder; Or the fermented product that mixes with water of pinaceae plant powder; Or the liquid fermentation production that mixes with ight soil of the solid mixture that mixes with ight soil of pinaceae plant powder or pinaceae plant powder;
Described tea fungus preparation is the fermentation culture of tea fungus, can be pinaceae plant powder, high starch plant waste powder, pinaceae plant powder and adds water and mix the fermentation culture of rear inoculation tea fungus through fermentation gained with high starch plant waste powder with ight soil or pinaceae plant powder with ight soil, high starch plant waste powder.
Saline-alkali soil conditioner of the present invention can also be very easily mixes or the preparation that is mixed with different shape uses as water, soil, mud, chemical fertilizer, bio-waste, starch, vegetable jelly, gelatin, polysaccharide or macromolecular material etc. with multiple unclassified stores.To adapt to various demand.
Simultaneously, saline-alkali soil conditioner of the present invention and preparation method thereof, not only can be for saltings and salt marsh environment, also can be for gardens, gardening and flower culture field, by increasing the humic acids of soil with the potential of hydrogen of adjustment soil, make it adapt to the growth of trees and flowers.
The present invention has advantages of:
It is abundant that saline-alkali soil conditioner of the present invention has raw material sources, and production technique is simple, with low cost, the advantage of improved effect fast and stable.The annual fallen leaves stock number of special pinaceae plant is very big, and maize straw broomcorn straw and sugarcane residue also have stable stock number, and as utilization of waste material, raw materials cost is very low.Tea fungus is a kind of wholesome fungi, after cultivating, can be used for production organic acidity beverage in sugar, tea and water surrounding.
Salt affected soil improved formulations of the present invention, to eliminating the secondary salinization of the anthropogenic soil of extensive existence, especially plastic shed soil, is increase soil fertility and sustainable farming ability, has remarkable effect and significance.Modifying agent of the present invention can be used for the reparation of booth degenerated soil and salinization soil, and the improvement of ploughing of saline and alkaline desert, salinification.Salt affected soil improved formulations of the present invention is the biologically active substance taking specified plant organic waste as raw material production, as booth and the renovation agent of industrialized agriculture Soil degradation and the improved formulations of alkaline-saline soil, can not cause new environmental pollution and murder by poisoning.On the contrary, owing to itself being good organic matter, can significantly promote quality and the marketable value of agricultural-food.Improved formulations of the present invention is organic acid organic matter, can, in reducing soil salt content, effectively improve soil physical chemistry colloidal structure, increases soil microbe quantity and increases soil fertility.Make high salt soil can Quick-return to the state that can adapt to plant growth.The present invention also has advantages of the fertilizer amount of minimizing and water saving.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Salt affected soil improved formulations is the preparation of pinaceae plant, be specially adopt pinaceae plant fresh leaf, fallen leaves or deadwood through naturally dry, dry or 15-150 DEG C of oven dry after pulverize, then through 20-60 object sieve, obtain pulvis salt affected soil improved formulations.
Or improved formulations be by the preparation of pinaceae plant with get fermentation and sterilization mummification after ight soil be that 20-60 object ight soil powder mixes through being ground into granularity;
The mixture mixing with ight soil is to be that 20-60 object ight soil powder mixes by the ratio of weight and number of 1:1-5:1 by the preparation of pinaceae plant be ground into granularity after the mummification of fermentation and sterilization.
Add 20-50 kilogram of ight soil powder fully to mix the preparation of every 100 kilograms of pinaceae plants and can be made into pulvis modifying agent.
When use, the above-mentioned gained pulvis of preparing evenly can be mixed with arable layer table soil according to the consumption of every mu of 50-200 kilogram, also can directly be spread under roots of plants or under seed and the irrigation of watering.Can reuse as required.
Embodiment 2
Every 100 kilograms of above-described embodiment gained pulvis modifying agents are joined in 100-500 kilogram of mellow soil powder and fully mix encapsulation.When use, it evenly can be mixed with arable layer table soil by consumption according to every mu of 100-400 kilogram, also can directly be spread under roots of plants or under seed and the irrigation of watering.Can reuse as required.
Embodiment 3
The powder of every 100 kilograms of pinaceae plants is mixed and is placed in encloses container with 1000 kg of water, make temperature remain on 20-35 DEG C of fermentation 5-20 days, fully after homogenate, encapsulate, be liquid salt affected soil improved formulations.When use, this liquor evenly can be sprayed according to the consumption of every mu of 5-300L or irrigate in table soil.Can reuse as required.
Embodiment 4
Salt affected soil improved formulations is that powder and the 50-100 kilogram of maize straw powder of every 100 kilograms of pinaceae plants put in container, adding 1000 kg of water to be heated to 20-30 DEG C mixes rear as nutrient solution again, add the inoculum size of 5-50 kilogram of black tea strain liquid that tea fungus is inoculated in substratum by every 1000 kilograms of nutrient solutions, at 20-35 DEG C of fermentation 10-20 days, the liquid obtaining is liquid salt affected soil improved formulations.
Gained liquid improved formulations is evenly sprayed according to the consumption of every mu of 10-200L or irrigate in table soil.Can reuse as required.
Embodiment 5
Salt affected soil improved formulations was pulverized 30 mesh sieves after adopting the fallen leaves of pinaceae plant cdear to dry and was produced loose powder, obtained improved formulations; Get 150 kilograms for subsequent use.
One mu of testing ground area, shows native salinity and is 0.6% abandoned vegetable booth, and divide half-and-half and drive row control experiment into, described half modifying agent, usage quantity is 50 kilograms/half mu; Second half does not apply modifying agent.Using method is directly admixed modifying agent in table soil, uses once weekly, amounts to three times; Result is as following table 1.
Table 1
| Group | Initial salinity % | Salinity % after one week | Salinity % after two weeks | Salinity % after three weeks |
| Control group | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
| Experimental group | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
Note: salinity is all 20 centimetres of topsoil data
Embodiment 6
Salt affected soil improved formulations was pulverized 40 mesh sieves after adopting the fallen leaves of pinaceae plant black pine to dry to produce loose powder for subsequent use, get fermentation and sterilization and dry rear ight soil through pulverizing 40 mesh sieves, add 20 kilograms of ight soil powder fully to mix with every 100 kilograms of loose powders and obtain pulvis improved formulations.
The saline and alkaline barren beach that the table soil salinity that is experimental field a mu is 2%, divides half-and-half and drives row control experiment into, described half modifying agent, and usage quantity is 100 kilograms/half mu; Second half does not apply modifying agent.Using method for saline-alkali soil is turned over experimental group and above-mentioned modifying agent is turned over after admix table soil and evenly mix, be sown into the Semen Brassicae campestris irrigation of watering in control group and experimental group simultaneously.Experimental group is supplemented and is spread modifying agent once weekly, amounts to three times.Result is as following table 2.
Table 2
Note: salinity and soil property are all 20 centimetres of topsoil data
Embodiment 7
Salt affected soil improved formulations was pulverized 50 mesh sieves after adopting the fallen leaves of pinaceae plant Pinus massoniana Lamb to dry to produce loose powder for subsequent use, get fermentation and sterilization and dry rear ight soil through pulverizing 50 mesh sieves, above-mentioned loose powder is added to 30 kilograms of ight soil powder with every 70 kilograms, then add 100 kilograms of mellow soil powder fully to mix for subsequent use.
Testing ground area is one mu, and the salinification that table soil is salts contg 1.6% green house of vegetables that hardens, divides half-and-half and drive row control experiment into, the above-mentioned modifying agent of described half, and usage quantity is 200 kilograms/half mu; Second half does not apply modifying agent.
Using method for first to the saline-alkali soil bedding of turning over, experimental group and above-mentioned modifying agent is evenly mixed with crowndaisy chrysanthemum seed after be sprinkled into furrow face, control group does not use modifying agent only to mix with native country the furrow face that is sown into.The irrigation of simultaneously watering of control group and experimental group.Experimental group is supplemented and is spread modifying agent once weekly, amounts to three times.Result is as following table 3.
Table 3
Note: salinity and soil property are all 20 centimetres of topsoil data
Embodiment 8
Salt affected soil improved formulations was pulverized 60 mesh sieves after adopting the fallen leaves of pinaceae plant cdear to dry to produce loose powder for subsequent use, get fermentation and sterilization and dry rear ight soil through pulverizing 60 mesh sieves, add 100 kilograms of abundant mixed pulvis of ight soil powder with every 200 kilograms of loose powders, put and in encloses container, add 1000 kg of water with every 100 kilograms of mixing powders again, make temperature remain on 30 DEG C of fermentations 10 days, fully after homogenate, obtain liquid improved formulations.
The saline and alkaline barren beach that the table soil salinity that is experimental field a mu is 1.1%, divide half-and-half and drive row control experiment into, using method is for to saline-alkali soil, the bedding of turning over is sown into Semen Brassicae campestris, and experimental group is evenly sprayed above-mentioned modifying agent the irrigation of watering according to the consumption of half mu of 100L, the control group irrigation of only watering.Spray weekly modifying agent and irrigate once, amounting to three times.Result is as following table 4.
Table 4
Note: salinity and soil property are all 20 centimetres of topsoil data
Embodiment 9
Salt affected soil improved formulations was pulverized 30 mesh sieves after adopting the fallen leaves of pinaceae plant cdear to dry to produce 100 kilograms of loose powders for subsequent use, add 100 kilograms of maize straw powder to put in container with every 100 kilograms, add again 1000 kg of water, temperature is reached and remains on 25 DEG C to inoculate 5 kilograms of tea funguss after three days, ferment 20 days, obtain liquid improved formulations.Extract 150L liquid improved formulations for subsequent use.
Testing ground area is one mu, shows native salts contg and be 0.8% saline and alkaline barren beach, divides half-and-half and drives row control experiment into, and half is as experimental group modifying agent, and second half in contrast need not.
Using method is for to saline-alkali soil, the bedding of turning over is sown into Semen Brassicae campestris, and experimental group is evenly sprayed above-mentioned modifying agent the irrigation of watering according to the consumption of half mu of 50L, the control group irrigation of only watering.Spray weekly modifying agent and irrigate once, amounting to three times.Result is as following table 5.
Table 5
Note: salinity and soil property are all 20 centimetres of topsoil data.
Claims (14)
1. a saline-alkali soil conditioner, is characterized in that: the preparation that described modifying agent is pinaceae plant or tea fungus preparation.
2. by saline-alkali soil conditioner claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the preparation of described pinaceae plant can be the liquid fermentation production that pinaceae plant powder, fermented product that pinaceae plant powder mixes with water, solid mixture that pinaceae plant powder mixes with ight soil powder or pinaceae plant powder mix with ight soil powder.
3. by saline-alkali soil conditioner claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described pinaceae plant powder is that the fallen leaves deadwood of pinaceae plant is pulverized the powder of making by mummification.
4. by saline-alkali soil conditioner claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described saline-alkali soil conditioner is that the fermented product that pinaceae plant powder mixes with water is that pinaceae plant powder is put in encloses container, add water taking the weight ratio of powder and water as the ratio of 1:10～1:100, and make temperature remain on 18-35 DEG C of condition bottom fermentation 5-20 days, the liquid obtaining after abundant homogenate.
5. by saline-alkali soil conditioner claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described saline-alkali soil conditioner is that the solid mixture that pinaceae plant powder mixes with ight soil powder is that ight soil was pulverized to 20-60 sieve, the mixed uniformly pulvis of ratio that is 1:1100:1 in the weight ratio of pinaceae plant powder and ight soil powder through heap buried or sealed fermenting drying and sterilizing.
6. by saline-alkali soil conditioner claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described saline-alkali soil conditioner be liquid fermentation production that pinaceae plant powder mixes with ight soil powder be by pinaceae plant powder with pulverized 20-60 sieve ight soil powder through heap buried or sealed fermenting drying and sterilizing and put in encloses container by weight the mixed mix powder of ratio of 1:1～100:1, the ratio that is 1:10～1:100 with the weight ratio of mix powder and water adds water and maintains the temperature at the liquid that 18-30 DEG C of condition bottom fermentation obtained for 5-20 days.
7. by saline-alkali soil conditioner claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described tea fungus preparation is the fermentation culture of tea fungus.
8. by saline-alkali soil conditioner claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: the fermentation culture of described tea fungus can be pinaceae plant powder, high starch plant waste powder, pinaceae plant powder and adds water and mix the fermentation culture of rear inoculation tea fungus through the gained that ferments with high starch plant waste powder with ight soil powder, pinaceae plant powder with ight soil powder, high starch plant waste powder.
9. by saline-alkali soil conditioner claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: described high starch plant waste powder can be in maize straw powder, broomcorn straw powder and sugarcane stalk residue powder and obtains one or more.
10. by saline-alkali soil conditioner claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: described tea fungus fermentation culture is that pinaceae plant powder is put in container taking the weight ratio of powder and water as the ratio of 1:10～1:100 and added water, temperature is remained under 18-35 DEG C of condition, the consumption that is 1:10～1:100 by the weight ratio of the water adding in bacterium liquid and above-mentioned powder again inoculation tea fungus liquid, the liquid that ferments and obtain for 5-20 days.
11. by saline-alkali soil conditioner claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: described tea fungus fermentation culture can be that pinaceae plant powder and/or high starch plant powder are put in container, add water taking the weight ratio of powder and water as the ratio of 1:10～1:100, temperature is remained under 18-35 DEG C of condition, consumption inoculation tea fungus liquid taking the weight ratio of the water that adds in bacterium liquid and above-mentioned powder as 1:10～1:100, the liquid of the acquisition in 5-20 days of ferment.
12. by saline-alkali soil conditioner claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: described tea fungus fermentation culture can also be that after pinaceae plant powder and/or high starch plant powder mix by weight the ratio of 1:1～100:1 with ight soil powder respectively, mix powder is placed in container, add water taking mix powder and water weight ratio as the ratio of 1:10～1:100, temperature is remained under 18-35 DEG C of condition, consumption inoculation tea fungus liquid taking the weight ratio of bacterium liquid and water as 1:10～1:100, the liquid of the acquisition in 5-20 days of ferment.
13. by saline-alkali soil conditioner claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described modifying agent also can be hybridly prepared into water, soil, mud, chemical fertilizer, bio-waste, starch, vegetable jelly, gelatin, polysaccharide or macromolecular material the preparation use of different shape.
The preparation method of 14. 1 kinds of saline-alkali soil conditioners claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation that described modifying agent is pinaceae plant or tea fungus preparation;
The preparation of described pinaceae plant is pinaceae plant powder; Or the fermented product that mixes with water of pinaceae plant powder; Or the liquid fermentation production that mixes with ight soil of the solid mixture that mixes with ight soil of pinaceae plant powder or pinaceae plant powder;
Described tea fungus preparation is the fermentation culture of tea fungus, can be pinaceae plant powder, high starch plant waste powder, pinaceae plant powder and adds water and mix the fermentation culture of rear inoculation tea fungus through fermentation gained with high starch plant waste powder with ight soil or pinaceae plant powder with ight soil, high starch plant waste powder.
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