CN103238507A - All organic cultivation medium - Google Patents
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- CN103238507A CN103238507A CN2013101945333A CN201310194533A CN103238507A CN 103238507 A CN103238507 A CN 103238507A CN 2013101945333 A CN2013101945333 A CN 2013101945333A CN 201310194533 A CN201310194533 A CN 201310194533A CN 103238507 A CN103238507 A CN 103238507A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an all organic cultivation medium for non-cultivated land vegetables and potted vegetables and belongs to the technical field of agricultural production. The all organic cultivation medium is formed by preparing common cultivatea mushroom residues, coconut residuum, grass carbon and tobacco leaves according to a specific proportion; and the common cultivatea mushroom residues consist of enoki mushroom residues and straw mushroom residues at a volume ratio of (0.8-1.25):1. The all organic cultivation medium can provide abundant nutrient elements for the growth of plants, does not include inorganic matter of vermiculite, perlite or slag, is not refractory, does not pollute the environment, and meanwhile the all organic cultivation medium has the same permeability as a medium with vermiculite, perlite or slag as inorganic framework materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of full organic culture substrate for uncultivated area vegetables and potted plant vegetables, belong to the agriculture production technology scope.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of chemical industry, nitrate and agricultural chemicals problem such as exceed standard was more and more serious during vegetables produced, and the vegetables commodity have lost original natural taste, and food-safety problem receives the concern of society.The existing above vegetables of scale production base needs characteristics such as triennium transition period cost height to be difficult to large tracts of land development and popularization because it converts the organic vegetable planting base to.Nearly 2 years, utilize uncultivated area and potted plant vegetables to become the minority and become, uncultivated area and potted plant training vegetables can avoid the fertilizer and pesticide that accumulates in the soil to pollute, and can allow the people realize the enjoyment in rural area after work again.
The mushroom slag is the solid waste material of mushroom industry, wherein contains the metabolite of edible mushroom: comprise carbohydrate, organic acid, enzyme and bioactivator, the microbiologic population that quantity is huge and residual mycelium have the ecological potentiality of utilizing.The coconut palm chaff is the cocoanut husk fiber dust, is the organic medium of a kind of pure natural under coming off from cocoanut husk fiber process process.
At present relevant for the report that mushroom slag or coconut palm chaff is used for cultivation matrix.For example, to disclose a kind of be the cultivation matrix of key component with straw mushroom slag, vermiculite and coconut palm chaff to Chinese patent 2010105244288.It is the cultivation matrix of key component with mushroom slag, cow dung, slag that Chinese patent 2012100360027 discloses a kind of.
But all containing the compound that vermiculite or slag or perlite etc. make to ensure the gas permeability framework materials in above-mentioned two kinds and existing other cultivation matrixes, is not to be made up of organic component fully.Vermiculite, perlite or slag belong to inorganic matter, account for total amount 30% ~ 40%, and frangible, are the mineral matters of difficult degradation, and when secondary utilized, its permeability reduced more than 50%, and its dust has detrimental effect to people's respiratory system, is unfavorable for Environmental security.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of full organic culture substrate of being made up of organic substance fully for uncultivated area and potted plant vegetable growing.
Realize the technical scheme of foregoing invention purpose:
A kind of full organic culture substrate is prepared from by the component of following parts by volume: two mushroom slag 40-60 parts, 15 ~ 30 parts of coconut palm chaffs, peat composed of rotten mosses 20-40 part, tobacco leaf 0-3 part; Described pair of mushroom slag is made up of according to the volume ratio of 0.8-1.25:1 Asparagus slag and straw mushroom slag.
The present invention has prepared a kind of full organic culture substrate by selecting specific organic substance and each organic substance being cooperatively interacted according to special ratios; It can not only provide abundant nutritive element for the plant growth; Also possess simultaneously and the matrix phase permeability together that with vermiculite, perlite or slag etc. is the inorganic skeleton material.
In order to improve the anti-microbial property of full organic culture substrate, above-mentioned full organic culture substrate is preferably by 60 parts of two mushroom slags, 20 parts of coconut palm chaffs, and 20 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, tobacco leaf powder is prepared from for 3 parts.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned full organic culture substrate:
(1) gets and after straw mushroom slag and Asparagus slag mix in proportion carbon-nitrogen rate is adjusted into 25 ~ 30:1, add zymophyte; Bar buttress formula or raft fermentation become to fermentation product and evenly to be the fluffy dry and comfortable material of brown and C/N ratio is down to 15 ~ 17:1; Get two mushroom slag fermentation things;
(2) will mix back sprinkling antagonism bacterium with two mushroom slag fermentation things through the coconut palm Kang that the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, EC value are down to below 0.1, bar buttress formula or raft ageing 20 to 40 days are to water content 20-30%; Get biological base;
(3) biological base, tobacco leaf powder are mixed in proportion with the peat composed of rotten mosses, namely get full organic culture substrate.
In the step (1), adopt feces of livestock and poultry, stalk or sucrose to regulate C/N ratio.
Between the fermentation or aging period of step (1) and (2), stirred once in 5 to 7 days, the sudden and violent gas of ventilation oxygenation is no less than 3 times.
Described zymophyte is a kind of in the aerobic fermentation microbial inoculums such as VT-aerobic fermentation bacterium, EM zymophyte, and its consumption is the 0.05-0.2% of two spore mushroom slags and Asparagus slag gross mass.
Described antagonism bacterium is fusarium wilt antagonism bacterium or downy mildew of cucurbits antagonism bacterium, and its consumption is the 0.1-0.5% of the quality of material after coconut palm Kang and the two mushroom slag fermentation mixing of materials.
Beneficial effect
1. do not contain the inorganic substances of vermiculite, perlite or slag, do not have difficult degradation, problem of environment pollution caused;
2. do not use chemical fertilizer, the equal degradable of various organic substances; Not only can not cause the soil compaction problem but also can improve soil environment;
3. various organic substances are composite, can provide abundant, comprehensive nutritive element for the plant growth; The balcony dish growing way of cultivating is good, nutritive value is higher;
4. the mushroom slag in the raw material, coconut palm chaff are the organic solid castoff material, and therefore, the present invention has not only solved handling problem, the environmental protection more of organic solid castoff material; And work the production cost reduced matrix.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1-10
Raw material: adopted mushroom and just gone out the straw mushroom slag of mushroom house and two mushroom slags that Asparagus slag (same batch) is formed, the process desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, EC value are down to 0.09 coconut palm Kang, 200 purpose tobacco leaf powders; Its parts by volume such as table 1:
Table 1
| ? | Two mushroom slags | The coconut palm chaff | The peat composed of rotten mosses | Tobacco leaf powder | Asparagus slag/straw mushroom slag |
| Embodiment 1 | 40 parts | 30 parts | 30 parts | 0 part | 1:1 |
| Embodiment 2 | 40 parts | 25 parts | 35 parts | 3 parts | 1:1 |
| Embodiment 3 | 40 parts | 20 parts | 40 parts | 2 parts | 1:1 |
| Embodiment 4 | 50 parts | 20 parts | 30 parts | 2 parts | 1:1 |
| Embodiment 5 | 50 parts | 30 parts | 20 parts | 1 part | 1:1 |
| Embodiment 6 | 60 parts | 20 parts | 20 parts | 3 parts | 1:1 |
| Embodiment 7 | 55 parts | 20 parts | 25 parts | 1 part | 1:1 |
| Embodiment 8 | 60 parts | 20 parts | 20 parts | 3 parts | 0.8:1 |
| Embodiment 9 | 60 parts | 20 parts | 20 parts | 3 parts | 0.95:1 |
| Embodiment 10 | 60 parts | 20 parts | 20 parts | 3 parts | 1.25:1 |
；
Operating procedure
:
Get two mushroom slags that the ratio in table 1 mixes, adjust carbon-nitrogen rate to 25 ~ 30:1; Add VT-aerobic fermentation bacterium (VT-aerobic fermentation bacterium is 1:1000 with the mass ratio of two mushroom slags), raft fermentation or bar buttress formula technology are 20 ~ 40 days behind the mixing, turned over the sudden and violent gas of the oxygenation that once ventilates in 5 to 7 days during this time and be no less than 3 times, become to fermentation product and evenly be the fluffy dry and comfortable material of brown and C/N ratio is down to 15 ~ 17:1; Get two mushroom slag fermentation things;
(2) will be down to 0.09 coconut palm Kang through the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, EC value mixes with two mushroom slag fermentation things, mass ratio according to 1000:3 sprays the short endophytic bacteria (PGPR) of plant rhizosphere then, bar buttress formula or raft ageing 20 to 40 days, during can stir 1 to 2 time, be dried to water content 20%; Get biological base;
(3) biological base, tobacco leaf powder are mixed in the ratio of table 1 with the peat composed of rotten mosses, namely get full organic culture substrate.
Ratio according to table 1 is prepared raw material, operates according to above-mentioned steps, and embodiment 1-10 has prepared matrix 1, matrix 2, matrix 3, matrix 4, matrix 5, matrix 6, matrix 7, matrix 8, matrix 9, matrix 10 respectively.
The full organic culture substrate of embodiment 1 ~ 10 and peat composed of rotten mosses matrix (CK, peat composed of rotten mosses volume: perlite volume: the growth indexes of vermiculite volume=every physico-chemical parameter 3:1:1) and the tomato of cultivating is (except the matrix difference, other cultivation conditions are identical), as table 2;
Table 2
| ? | Matrix 1 | Matrix 2 | Matrix 3 | Matrix 4 | Matrix 5 | Matrix 6 | Matrix 7 | Matrix 8 | Matrix 9 | Matrix 10 | CK |
| The pH value | 6.6 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 7.0 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.6 | 6.2 |
| Content of organic matter % | 36.1 | 34.7 | 34.9 | 36.3 | 36.7 | 35.1 | 35.9 | 33.9 | 34.2 | 35.5 | 33 |
| Unit weight g/cm 3 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.33 | 0.35 | 0.36 | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.34 | 0.36 | 0.37 | 0.28 |
| Shoot survival percent % | 96.9 | 96.9 | 98.5 | 97.3 | 97.5 | 96.9 | 97.7 | 96.8 | 97.9 | 97.6 | 94.8 |
| Seedling-growing time (my god) | 6.6 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 6.5 |
| Plant height (cm) | 18.3 | 18.5 | 18.4 | 18.9 | 18.7 | 18.9 | 18.6 | 18.5 | 18.9 | 18.8 | 16.5 |
| Stem thick (cm) | 2.722 | 2.724 | 2.696 | 2.724 | 2.832 | 2.848 | 2.768 | 2.788 | 2.815 | 2.795 | 2.228 |
| Leaf area | 110 | 112 | 109 | 109 | 113 | 115 | 114 | 110 | 112 | 110 | 101 |
。The data of table 2 show, use the growth indexes of the tomato that full organic culture substrate of the present invention cultivates will be higher than the growth indexes of the tomato of using common CK substrate culture.That is to say, do not adopting under the situations as the inorganic skeleton material such as vermiculite, perlite or slag that the permeability of matrix of the present invention has satisfied the requirement of plant growth to permeability.Simultaneously, the organic substance in the matrix of the present invention provides abundant comprehensively nutrient component for the plant growth.
?
Claims (7)
1. a full organic culture substrate is characterized in that, is prepared from by the component of following parts by volume: two mushroom slag 40-60 parts, 15 ~ 30 parts of coconut palm chaffs, peat composed of rotten mosses 20-40 part, tobacco leaf 0-3 part; Described pair of mushroom slag is made up of according to the volume ratio of 0.8-1.25:1 Asparagus slag and straw mushroom slag.
2. full organic culture substrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that, by 60 parts of two mushroom slags, and 20 parts of coconut palm chaffs, 20 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, tobacco leaf powder is prepared from for 3 parts.
3. the preparation method of the described full organic culture substrate of claim 1～2 is characterized in that:
(1) gets and after straw mushroom slag and Asparagus slag mix in proportion carbon-nitrogen rate is adjusted into 25 ~ 30:1, add zymophyte; Bar buttress formula or raft fermentation become to fermentation product and evenly to be the fluffy dry and comfortable material of brown and C/N ratio is down to 15 ~ 17:1; Get two mushroom slag fermentation things;
(2) will mix back sprinkling antagonism bacterium with two mushroom slag fermentation things through the coconut palm Kang that the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, EC value are down to below 0.1, bar buttress formula or raft ageing 20 to 40 days are to water content 20-30%; Get biological base;
(3) biological base, tobacco leaf powder are mixed in proportion with the peat composed of rotten mosses, namely get full organic culture substrate.
4. preparation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the step (1), adopts feces of livestock and poultry, stalk or sucrose to regulate C/N ratio.
5. preparation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, between the fermentation or aging period of step (1) and (2), stirs once in 5 to 7 days, and the sudden and violent gas of ventilation oxygenation is no less than 3 times.
6. preparation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described zymophyte is a kind of in the aerobic fermentation microbial inoculums such as VT-aerobic fermentation bacterium, EM zymophyte, and its consumption is the 0.05-0.2% of two spore mushroom slags and Asparagus slag gross mass.
7. preparation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described antagonism bacterium is fusarium wilt antagonism bacterium or downy mildew of cucurbits antagonism bacterium, and its consumption is the 0.1-0.5% of the quality of material after coconut palm Kang and the two mushroom slag fermentation mixing of materials.
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| CN201310194533.3A CN103238507B (en) | 2013-05-23 | 2013-05-23 | All organic cultivation medium |
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| CN201310194533.3A CN103238507B (en) | 2013-05-23 | 2013-05-23 | All organic cultivation medium |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103626586A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2014-03-12 | 湖南省农业生物资源利用研究所 | Vegetable and fruit biological activity seedling culture matrix as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN105191763A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2015-12-30 | 上海多利农业发展有限公司 | Vegetable organic soil-less culture method, culture medium and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105830801A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-08-10 | 山东商道生物科技有限公司 | Mixed resin cultivating and seedling-raising medium |
| CN106605587A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-05-03 | 广西金地旺农业有限公司 | Tomato soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107285967A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-10-24 | 李柳强 | A kind of special organic substrate of cucumber and preparation method thereof |
| CN113796284A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-12-17 | 扬州润江生态农业有限公司 | Agricultural organic cultivation medium |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102077779A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-06-01 | 广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Vegetable seedling culture soilless matrix compounded with straw mushroom and preparation method thereof |
| CN103039337A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-17 | 北京农业生物技术研究中心 | French marigold seedling substrate and method for manufacturing same |
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2013
- 2013-05-23 CN CN201310194533.3A patent/CN103238507B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
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| CN102077779A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-06-01 | 广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Vegetable seedling culture soilless matrix compounded with straw mushroom and preparation method thereof |
| CN103039337A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-17 | 北京农业生物技术研究中心 | French marigold seedling substrate and method for manufacturing same |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 白龙强等: "添加草炭对基质栽培番茄生理特性、产量与品质的影响", 《中国蔬菜》 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103626586A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2014-03-12 | 湖南省农业生物资源利用研究所 | Vegetable and fruit biological activity seedling culture matrix as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103626586B (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2015-12-30 | 湖南省农业生物资源利用研究所 | A kind of vegetable melon and fruit biological activity seedling medium and preparation method and application |
| CN105191763A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2015-12-30 | 上海多利农业发展有限公司 | Vegetable organic soil-less culture method, culture medium and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105830801A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-08-10 | 山东商道生物科技有限公司 | Mixed resin cultivating and seedling-raising medium |
| CN106605587A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-05-03 | 广西金地旺农业有限公司 | Tomato soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107285967A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-10-24 | 李柳强 | A kind of special organic substrate of cucumber and preparation method thereof |
| CN113796284A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-12-17 | 扬州润江生态农业有限公司 | Agricultural organic cultivation medium |
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| CN103238507B (en) | 2014-12-31 |
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Address after: 250022, four middle road, Ping'an Street office, Changqing District, Shandong, Ji'nan Patentee after: SHANDONG SHANGDAO BIOTECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 250022, four middle road, Ping'an Street office, Changqing District, Shandong, Ji'nan Patentee before: SHANDONG SHANGDAO BIOTECH Co.,Ltd. |
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