CN103238469B

CN103238469B - Method for breeding new varieties of peach trees

Info

Publication number: CN103238469B
Application number: CN201310202772.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许火金
Original assignee: WUHU LANGSHAN YUGONG GREEN ECOLOGY AGRICULTURAL CO Ltd
Current assignee: WUHU LANGSHAN YUGONG GREEN ECOLOGY AGRICULTURE CO., LTD.
Priority date: 2013-05-28
Filing date: 2013-05-28
Publication date: 2015-04-01
Anticipated expiration: 2033-05-28
Also published as: CN103238469A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for breeding new varieties of peach trees. The method particularly includes the steps: (1) ridging a field and seeding on ridges; (2) watering and fertilizing sprouted seeds at regular intervals and performing conventional care; (3) taking new branch buds of Chinese birthday peaches as grafts after peach seedlings are bred for a year, grafting the new branch buds by taking the peach seedlings as tree stocks, cutting the grafts into blade shapes and inserting the grafts to wood portions of the tree stocks or joints of basts and the wood portions; (4) wrapping grafting ports with plastic films, exposing the grafts to breathe and removing the films after the grafts grow and survive; (5) uniformly laying a layer of grasses on the ridges and among the ridges with the growing peach seedlings when the field temperature is higher than 35 DEG C in the growing process of the tree stocks to prevent the peach seedlings from high-temperature burn; (6) cooling the peach trees before a flowering phase; and (7) watering and fertilizing the peach trees at regular intervals and performing conventional care. The new varieties bred by the method are superior to winter peaches growing in the north in terms of condition and quality, and the situation that peaches cannot grow in regions except for the north in late winter is improved.

Description

The breeding method of the new quality of peach

Technical field

The present invention relates to agrotechnique, be specifically related to the breeding method of the new quality of peach.

Background technology

At present, the area of China except the north, does not all have the peach variety that can go on the market in the winter time.Except the north, the consumer in area, eats peach in the winter time if think, must allocate and transport from the north.Due to the area beyond the north to the north, especially the north is to south, far away; In transportation, peach extrudes unavoidably bursts disorderly, and through long-distance transport to southern winter peach often product difference, impact is sold.In addition, long transit link expends time in longer, and stale to dealer winter peach on hand again from orchard worker to forwarding agent, mouthfeel is poor.Thus, the winter peach in the north does not often have market in south, and in the winter time, the present situation especially in season severe winter without peach can not get improving in south.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide and can improve regional season severe winter beyond the north without the present situation of peach, meet consumer demand, the breeding method of the new quality of peach of quality better.

To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:

The breeding method of these peach new varieties, is specially:

(1) at field ridging, ridge is sowed;

(2), after planting eclampsia gravidarum bud, regularly water and apply fertilizer, carrying out routine and arrange;

(3) after peach seedling cultivates 1 year, get the new twig of chinese birthday peach as scion, with peach seedling for stock carries out grafting, scion is whittled into blade-like, is plugged in the wooden part of stock or bast and wooden handing-over position;

(4) with plastic film, grafting mouth is wrapped up, expose scion and breathe, grow into after work until scion and remove film;

(5) after grafting in peach process of growth, when field temperature is higher than 35 DEG C, on the ridge of peach growth and between ridge, uniform spreading one deck grass, prevents burn peach seedling;

(6) before the peach florescence 5 ~ 7 days, take booth in the peach periphery in field, all peach are placed in confined space that booth formed, reduce temperature of shed and temperature of shed controlled at 2 ~ 5 DEG C, continue after 60 days, raise temperature of shed and make temperature of shed continue to rise to normal temperature, booth of dismantling;

(7) regularly water to peach and apply fertilizer, carrying out routine and arrange.

During the ridging of field, ridging height is 70 ~ 80cm, and between ridge, spacing is 50 ~ 60cm.

The peach variety as stock of sowing is wild peach or nectarine.

Littering thickness on ridge and between ridge is more than 10cm.

The invention has the advantages that: the breeding method of these peach new varieties, grafting chinese birthday peach on the peach seedling that area beyond the north is cultivated, as required, the method of high temperature-proof calcination grafting peach seedling is taked when temperature is too high, ensure the normal growth of grafting peach seedling, the method that before taking the peach florescence, cooling processes, postpones the florescence that peach blooms; The new quality of peach formed after this chinese birthday peach grafting, can not only adapt to the demand of area growth beyond the north, and ripe by the end of January, is more better than the winter peach of north growth in product phase and quality; Especially south and the central and east weather conditions under, these peach new varieties of plantation, sugar is higher, and mouthfeel is fabulous.The breeding method of these peach new varieties, really winter peach has been introduced into the area that the north is thought, improve the regional winter that the north is thought, especially season severe winter is without the situation of peach, meets consumer demand.

Embodiment

Below by the description to optimum embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.

The breeding method of these peach new varieties, is specially:

(1) at field ridging, ridging height is 70 ~ 80cm, and between ridge, spacing is 50 ~ 60cm, and ridge is sowed wild peach or nectarine seed;

(5) after grafting in peach process of growth, when field temperature is higher than 35 DEG C, on the ridge of peach growth and between ridge, the grass of uniform spreading more than one deck 10cm, prevents burn peach seedling;

(7) regularly give peach water and fertilising, carry out routine and arrange.

According to the situation of rainy water regional beyond the north, ridge is sowed, and ridging height is 70 ~ 80cm, and between ridge, spacing is 50 ~ 60cm, on the one hand can meet the growth demand that peach seedling does not like water, ridge high energy meets and waters, applies fertilizer and the actual production demand such as harvesting on the other hand.

In stock process of growth, when field temperature is higher than 35 DEG C, on the ridge of peach seedling growth and spread the grass of more than 10cm between ridge; Grass can provide protection for peach, and when preventing sun direct projection ground, surface temperature is too high to be damaged peach root, effectively prevents burn peach, ensures the area growth that this peach new product mass-energy is thought in the north.

Before the peach florescence 5 ~ 7 days, all peach are placed in confined space that booth formed, in booth, place refrigerator, adopt refrigerator to reduce temperature of shed and also temperature of shed is controlled at 2 ~ 5 DEG C, continue after 60 days; Remove refrigerator in canopy gradually, rising temperature of shed slowly, make temperature of shed continue to rise to normal temperature, booth of then dismantling; Take the method for cooling process before the peach florescence like this, postpone the florescence that peach blooms, make peach ripe by the end of January, improve the situation without peach in south season severe winter.

Above to invention has been exemplary description; obvious specific implementation of the present invention is not subject to the restrictions described above; as long as have employed the improvement of the various unsubstantialities that method of the present invention is conceived and technical scheme is carried out; or design of the present invention and technical scheme directly applied to other occasion, all within protection scope of the present invention without to improve.

Claims

1. the breeding method of peach new varieties, is characterized in that: be specially:

(1) at field ridging, ridging height is 70 ~ 80cm, and between ridge, spacing is 50 ~ 60cm, and ridge is sowed;

(3) after peach seedling cultivates 1 year, the new twig of getting chinese birthday peach is as scion, and with the peach seedling of wild peach or nectarine for stock carries out grafting, scion is whittled into blade-like, is plugged in the wooden part of stock or bast and wooden handing-over position;

(5) after grafting in peach process of growth, when field temperature is higher than 35 DEG C, uniform spreading one deck grass on the ridge of peach growth and between ridge, littering thickness on ridge and between ridge is more than 10cm, prevents burn peach seedling;

(6) before the peach florescence 5 ~ 7 days, take booth in the peach periphery in field, all peach are placed in confined space that booth formed, in booth, place refrigerator, adopt refrigerator reduce temperature of shed and controlled by temperature of shed at 2 ~ 5 DEG C, continue after 60 days; Remove refrigerator in canopy gradually, rising temperature of shed slowly, make temperature of shed continue to rise to normal temperature, booth of then dismantling;