CN102550157A - Drainage method for orchard by raising high ridges - Google Patents
Drainage method for orchard by raising high ridges Download PDFInfo
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- CN102550157A CN102550157A CN2010105945108A CN201010594510A CN102550157A CN 102550157 A CN102550157 A CN 102550157A CN 2010105945108 A CN2010105945108 A CN 2010105945108A CN 201010594510 A CN201010594510 A CN 201010594510A CN 102550157 A CN102550157 A CN 102550157A
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- orchard
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- fruit
- fruit trees
- water discharge
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- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 240000005204 Prunus armeniaca Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009827 Prunus armeniaca Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000001987 Pyrus communis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000000481 Breast Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 240000007119 Malus pumila Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000233805 Phoenix Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005078 fruit development Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000002921 Armeria maritima Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a drainage method for an orchard by raising high ridges, which relates to the technical field of fruit farming. The technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps: raising high ridges in the orchard, fix planting fruit trees on the ridges, digging drainage ditches between the lines of fruit trees by a certain gradient (slope) slightly according to the terrain and water flow direction, and laying trickle irrigation in the lines of fruit trees. The method of the invention adopts raising of high ridges and setting up of drainage ditches between the lines of fruit trees and the other measures to realize the effective drainage in rainy season for the orchard, and avoids the unbalance of water supply for fruit trees caused by permeation of untimely rainfall into orchard soil in rainy season; and trickle irrigation devices are laid in the lines of fruit trees to perform irrigation at the critical period of water requirements of fruit trees, so as to realize manual control of water supply for the orchard. According to above measures, the manual control of water supply for the orchard can be realized, the content of soluble solids of fruits is increased remarkably and the fruit quality is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fruit tree planting technique field.
Background technology
The water supply of fruit tree is one of key measure of orchard management.In good time, an amount of water supply can guarantee to obtain high yield, fruit of fine quality.Yet present fruit tree outdoor cropping does not realize the artificialization control to the fruit tree water management fully: existing irrigation technique can accomplish to need water to water according to soil moisture content period in the orchard; And the orchard drainage measure only is to preventing that rainy season precipitation from too much causing damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, drainage trenching, draining when damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging or water logging take place; The exercise question that author Qin Lizhe delivers is article (" Hebei agricultural science and technology " 11 phases in 2007 of how to manage the apple tree of being waterloged; P29) should in time produce for saving oneself after having introduced the orchard and being waterloged; Can take following measure to manage to the apple tree of being waterloged: 1 as early as possible draining the wet drainage condition that improves falls; Through digging the method for temporary drain, discharge ponding early, to recover the aeration condition of fruit tree root system; The exercise question that author Luo Jianzhen delivers is the orchard management in flood season; (" northwest gardening: fruit tree " 3 phases in 2007; P18) introduced following content: 7, be annual flood season of China August, and rainfall often, intensity is big, and temperature is high, high humidity; Very easily cause the big generation of damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, spindly growth of fruit tree and disease, should strengthen the management in orchard in flood season.Major measure is following: 1) drainage waterlogging prevention.Bar shaped ditch wide, each 50cm deeply is dug in direct motion before the rainfall, makes rainwater along outside the ditch discharge garden.Sump can be dug in the orchard that physical features is lower.Rainwater is excessive, when ponding is too much, available water pump is extracted rainwater outside the garden out.Other articles have also been done relevant introduction like (drainage waterlogging prevention in southern orchard and the processing after the damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, " citrus and subtropical fruit tree information " calendar year 2001 17 volumes, 7 phase P34; The orchard management is wanted in good time behind the floods; " friend of farmers' " 2008 15 phase P6); For not effect of the precipitation that does not reach the damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging degree, and not to rainy season redundant moisture carry out human intervention, untimely precipitation infiltrates orchard soil; Cause the unbalance of fruit tree water supply, further cause the decline of fruit tree quality.For fruit tree species such as peach, the apricot etc. of fruit development phase especially fructescence on the occasion of rainy season; Under existing cultivation mode; Because ignored to of the influence of the omnidistance natural precipitation of fruit growth period to production of fruit trees; Lack necessary cultivation technique measure, make the fruit quality of being produced receive the influence of natural precipitation to a great extent, it is indefinite that quality does not ensure, rises and falls.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is shortcoming and defect to the drainage measure existence of existing orchard; And provide a planting fruit-trees to play the high ridge water discharge technology; Realization is to orchard effective draining in rainy season; Avoid untimely precipitation infiltration in rainy season orchard soil, cause the unbalance of fruit tree water supply, and institute's draining part is carried out the people for controlling.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
One planting fruit-trees plays the high ridge water discharge method, and high ridge is played in the orchard, and field planting fruit tree on the ridge, fruit tree in the ranks position are gradient drainage trenching according to landform and current trend, and the said gradient is the 1-16 degree.
Lay drip irrigation appliance in the said fruit tree row;
The high 70-80cm in said ridge, the wide 1.2m of ridge upper surface, ridge bottom width 1.8-2.2m;
The high ridge cross section is trapezoidal, and the high ridge upper surface is the plane;
Said orchard drip irrigation appliance needs the water key period to irrigate in fruit tree;
End is built the rainwater collecting pit and is collected the draining in rainy season in the drain ditch, and fruit offerings tree drip irrigation in vegetative period is utilized again.
The inventive method is suitable for following fruit tree, comprises the fruit tree species cultivation result of fructescences such as peach, apricot, pear tree on the occasion of rainy season.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention is according to the contradiction that exists between natural precipitation and the fruit quality formation; Utilize high ridge, set up measures such as drain ditch in the ranks; Compare with the level ridges of routine, when rainfall, high ridge can be realized orchard effective draining in rainy season; Avoid untimely precipitation infiltration in rainy season orchard soil, cause the unbalance of fruit tree water supply; Lay drip irrigation appliance in the row of orchard, need the water key period to irrigate, can realize the artificial control of orchard water supply in fruit tree; Simultaneously, build the rainwater collecting pit and collect the draining in rainy season, the fruit offerings tree utilizes vegetative period again, and the utilization of above measure can realize that the orchard water supply artificially controls, and improves fruit quality.Important content with fruit quality---soluble solid is an index; Adopting the orchard to play the high ridge water discharge technology can obviously improve 2.5 ° of Brix-4.4 ° of Brix of soluble solid content than conventional level ridges cultivation and (calculate according to embodiment; 14.5-10.1=4.4 ° Brix, 15.0-12.5=2.5 ° of Brix).(specific embodiment is seen in the parameter variation).
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 orchard fruit tree ridging field planting figure
Fig. 2 level ridges soil different depth moisture dynamic of planting changes
Fig. 3 high ridge soil different depth moisture dynamic of planting changes
Embodiment
Below through concrete embodiment narration the inventive method.Unless stated otherwise, used technological means is method known in those skilled in the art among the present invention.In addition, embodiment is interpreted as illustrative, and unrestricted scope of the present invention, essence of the present invention and scope are only limited claims.To those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not deviate from essence of the present invention and scope, various changes or change that conditions such as the selection of the fruit variety in these embodiments, ridging are carried out also belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of high ridge water discharge technology is played in the orchard, and its concrete operation method is following: combine accompanying drawing 1,2,3 explanations
Carry out in Tongzhou District of Beijing Forestry Bureau fruit tree field.With the honey peach is objective for implementation.
1., before the peach field planting, ridging at first, the high 70cm in ridge, the wide 1.2m of ridge upper surface, ridge bottom width 1.8-2.2m (Fig. 1);
2., after ridging finishes, at peach position drainage trenching in the ranks;
3., wholely after finishing, field planting peach on the ridge;
4., after the peach field planting, lay drip irrigation appliance in being expert at.
1 is among the figure: the face of land, and 2 is the high ridge upper surface, 3 is fruit tree field planting point
Practice shows that the excessive moisture in rainy season has been drained in this measure effectively, has prevented the fluctuation and the influence (accompanying drawing 2,3, high ridge and level ridges soil moisture dynamic are relatively) of the orchard soil water content that natural precipitation causes.Can know from accompanying drawing 2,3; Soil moisture dynamic with root system concentrated area 40-60cm is made comparisons; In the fruit development phase; The high ridge little and content of soil moisture content (about in the of 25%) fluctuation of planting is lower than the level ridges soil moisture content about 5% of planting, and the level ridges soil moisture content amplitude of fluctuation of planting is big.Through measuring, the honey peach kind soluble solid content that this test is adopted is following:
High ridge is planted: honey peach (kind: improve white phoenix), on August 4th, 2010 gathered, 14.5 ° of Brix of soluble solid content.
Level ridges is planted: honey peach (kind: improve white phoenix), on August 4th, 2010 gathered, 10.1 ° of Brix of soluble solid content.
High ridge is planted: honey peach (kind: red sweet dew), gather, 15.0 ° of Brix of soluble solid content by on August 9th, 2010.
Level ridges is planted: honey peach (kind: red sweet dew), gather, 12.5 ° of Brix of soluble solid content by on August 9th, 2010.
In addition, the drainage collection in rainy season is to collecting basin, and the growth cycling and reutilization is set in fruit offerings, and saving can be practiced thrift the water source, improves WUEL.
Claims (6)
1. the high ridge water discharge method is played in the orchard, comprises the steps: that the orchard plays high ridge, and field planting fruit tree on the ridge, fruit tree in the ranks position are gradient drainage trenching according to landform and current trend.
2. play the high ridge water discharge method as weighing 1 said orchard, it is characterized in that laying drip irrigation appliance in the said fruit tree row.
3. play the high ridge water discharge method as weighing 1 said orchard, it is characterized in that the high 70-80cm in said ridge, the wide 1.2m of ridge upper surface, ridge bottom width 1.8-2.2m.
4. play the high ridge water discharge method as weighing 2 said orchards, it is characterized in that said orchard drip irrigation appliance needs the water key period to irrigate in fruit tree.
5. play the high ridge water discharge method as weighing 1 said orchard, it is characterized in that end is built rainwater collecting pit collection draining in rainy season in the drain ditch.
6. play the high ridge water discharge method as weighing 1 said orchard, it is characterized in that said orchard plays the high ridge water discharge method and be used for peach, apricot, pear tree seeds cultivation result.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105945108A CN102550157A (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2010-12-20 | Drainage method for orchard by raising high ridges |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105945108A CN102550157A (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2010-12-20 | Drainage method for orchard by raising high ridges |
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| CN102550157A true CN102550157A (en) | 2012-07-11 |
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| CN2010105945108A Pending CN102550157A (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2010-12-20 | Drainage method for orchard by raising high ridges |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103238496A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-08-14 | 芜湖市瑯山愚公绿色生态农业有限公司 | Cultivating method of new peach tree |
| CN103238469A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-08-14 | 芜湖市瑯山愚公绿色生态农业有限公司 | Method for breeding new varieties of peach trees |
| CN105638357A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-06-08 | 王虎琴 | Tea garden free of weeding and plowing |
| CN106961870A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-07-21 | 甘肃禾盛农业节水有限公司 | The irrigation and drainage system and its irrigation and drainage method of a kind of pepper planting |
| CN107996351A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-08 | 砀山县鼎丰源家庭农场 | A kind of orchard water circulation system and its construction method |
| CN110876288A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2020-03-13 | 四川光辉好口碑农业发展有限公司 | Method for treating soil before planting of blood oranges |
| CN111602552A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-01 | 苏州悦湖园农业有限公司 | Seedling cultivation method for promoting inter-furrow drainage |
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| SU1454276A1 (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1989-01-30 | Научно-Исследовательский Институт Горного Садоводства И Цветоводства | Method of preparing temporary water-logged soil for planting trees in ridges |
| RU2321978C1 (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2008-04-20 | Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Волгоградская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия" | Method for cultivation of vegetable crops in open ground on furrow irrigation |
| CN101589675A (en) * | 2009-06-06 | 2009-12-02 | 蔡长久 | One cultivate peanut plastic film mulching cultivation new method and seeding machinary thereof |
| CN101743882A (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2010-06-23 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | A kind of drip irrigation greening forestation method for saline-alkali land in coastal areas |
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2010
- 2010-12-20 CN CN2010105945108A patent/CN102550157A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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| RU2321978C1 (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2008-04-20 | Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Волгоградская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия" | Method for cultivation of vegetable crops in open ground on furrow irrigation |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103238496A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-08-14 | 芜湖市瑯山愚公绿色生态农业有限公司 | Cultivating method of new peach tree |
| CN103238469A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-08-14 | 芜湖市瑯山愚公绿色生态农业有限公司 | Method for breeding new varieties of peach trees |
| CN105638357A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-06-08 | 王虎琴 | Tea garden free of weeding and plowing |
| CN106961870A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-07-21 | 甘肃禾盛农业节水有限公司 | The irrigation and drainage system and its irrigation and drainage method of a kind of pepper planting |
| CN106961870B (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2022-11-29 | 甘肃禾盛农业节水有限公司 | Irrigation and drainage system for pepper planting and irrigation and drainage method thereof |
| CN107996351A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-08 | 砀山县鼎丰源家庭农场 | A kind of orchard water circulation system and its construction method |
| CN110876288A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2020-03-13 | 四川光辉好口碑农业发展有限公司 | Method for treating soil before planting of blood oranges |
| CN111602552A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-01 | 苏州悦湖园农业有限公司 | Seedling cultivation method for promoting inter-furrow drainage |
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Application publication date: 20120711 |