CN103081766B - Accurate, the light simple cultivation method of a kind of super hybridization rice - Google Patents
Accurate, the light simple cultivation method of a kind of super hybridization rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN103081766B CN103081766B CN201310057874.6A CN201310057874A CN103081766B CN 103081766 B CN103081766 B CN 103081766B CN 201310057874 A CN201310057874 A CN 201310057874A CN 103081766 B CN103081766 B CN 103081766B
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- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
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- PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1CC(O)(C(C)(C)C)CCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses accurate, the light simple cultivation method of a kind of super hybridization rice, it is characterized in that this cultivation method comprises the following steps: step 1: determine super hybridization rice breediness, super hybridization rice breediness is divided into wide adaptation type, multi-spike-type, large spike super hybridization rice thrin; Step 2: the super hybridization rice breediness determined according to step 1, then determine fertilizer practice according to the fertility state of different super hybridization rice kind to the demand of Different Nutrient Elements and local soil; Step 3: the super hybridization rice breediness determined according to step 1, determines pesticide application technology according to the incidence of different super hybridization rice kinds to disease pest and weed.The present invention is according to the kind of different super hybrid rice and need fertile requirement, extermination of disease and insect pest main points, and in super hybridization rice process in the time of infertility, only need a single-dose application dispenser, the control of the fertile disease pest and weed of determining the time of infertility of requesting for conciliation of the need that substantially can meet rice at whole growth periods, saving of labor increases production, safety and environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the culture technique of super hybridization rice, particularly relate to accurate, the light simple cultivation method of a kind of super hybridization rice.
Background technology
Bread is the staff of life, and food problem is the first-class sky thing being related to national economy all the time, along with continuous increase and the cultivated land area of population, improves grain yield and become very urgent problems.
China's " Chinese Super rice breeding plan " starts from 1996, on September 18th, 2011, successfully realizes establishing in large scale per unit area yield 926.6 kilograms of world records by the Chinese super hybridization rice Research Team that Academician YUAN Long-ping is leading.Brainstrust represents, current super hybridization rice per unit area yield break through 900 kilograms be breeding, the result that combines of good method, good farmland and weather, comprise repeatedly fertilising, Tree Precise Fertilization, repeatedly dispenser, accuracy pesticide applying in good method.Such as seeding stage needs basal dressing, wean fertilizer and send to transfer fertilizer; Basal dressing, tillering fertilizer, booting fertilizer, seed strong fertilizer is needed after field-transplanting.The fertilizer type used comprises composite fertilizer, urea, potash fertilizer, micro-fertilizer, silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer etc.; Need to use weed killer herbicide, insecticide, bactericide, plant modifying agent in nursery period, tillering stage, shooting stage, heading stage, pustulation period, killing weeds in rice field, control striped rice borer, rice leaf roller, rice fulgorid, banded sclerotial blight, rice blast, false smut etc.High yield is obtained by Tree Precise Fertilization dispenser, but many with fertile times for spraying, wide in variety, and peasant's complicated operation, recruitment is many, cost is high, and peasant is difficult to receive.
In addition, further develop along with socioeconomic, current rural area is economically developed agriculture district particularly, and the between twenty and fifty labour be engaged in agricultural production is fewer and feweri, the season of Rice Production and the contradiction of labour are increasingly sharpened, and saving of labor's light and simple cultivation technique is more and more subject to farmers.
This method is exactly accurate, the light simple cultivation method of a kind of super hybridization rice, according to super hybridization rice different cultivars, by multi-component composite fertilizer and special herbicide pesticide Bactericide fertilizer mixture, the need fertilizer that a single-dose application dispenser just meets super hybridization rice time of infertility is substantially requested for conciliation the control of the certainly disease pest and weed in the time of infertility.The method has two advantages: one is that multi-component composite fertilizer and special herbicide pesticide Bactericide fertilizer all have employed advanced technology, active ingredient in the nutrient in fertilizer and agricultural chemicals is made to be fixed on around rice root, paddy rice is according to the needs of self with need with getting, and the lasting period is long, reaches accurate fertilizer for medicine; Two is the processes eliminating three fertilisings, three dispensers (tillering fertilizer, booting fertilizer, seed strong fertilizer, tillering stage, round bar phase, pustulation period prevent and kill off disease pest and weed).Accurate, the light simple cultivation method of this super hybridization rice, the Tree Precise Fertilization dispenser of brainstrust can be realized, it is again a kind of culture technique of portable, peasant is simple to operate, be easy to learn and use, brainstrust output under experimental conditions become the high yield good harvest of peasant, final performance super hybridization rice high yield potential, realize the large-area high yield Super-high-yielding of super hybridization rice, for China's increases in grain production, increasing peasant income make a due contribution.
Carry out patent retrieval according to the technical problem to be solved in the present invention and the technical solution used in the present invention, its result for retrieval is as follows:
Patent 1:
Patentee is Yang Jinquan, the patent No. is 200810084438.7, a kind of miniascape rice cultivation method of disclosure of the invention, for utilizing Space-time idea grain and environmental protect at idle sunshine, its be will be mixed into farmyard manure, the soil of phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer loads in plastic sack, be placed in ventilation and penetrating light on the idle ground at water source, water end water, in selecting well developed root system, drought-resistance ability strong, early-maturing variety sowing or rice transplanting, water on time, spray liquid fertilizer as required, prevention and elimination of disease and pests, gathers in the crops in good time.It is because paddy rice belongs to limnocryptophyte and has aerenchyma, and plastic sack bottom be not with ventilation hole also can normal growth, and can keep soil moisture in bag for a long time, can greatly reduce frequency of watering.Rice yield is high, and damage by disease and insect is few, does not plough, not weeding, can increase tree and grass coverage, beautify the environment, improve Partial little climate, produces the grain that the mankind are badly in need of.Can obvious alleviating urban heat island effect, improve urban environment.Rural holding availability can be improved in rural area, improve rural environment.
Patent 2:
Patentee is Yang Rongfu, the patent No. is 200410009346.4, a kind of cultivation method of selenium-rich rice of disclosure of the invention, comprise the conventional cultivation management method of paddy rice, it is characterized in that, at the paddy rice earing flowering initial stage, spray a selenium-rich agent to rice leaf, described selenium-rich agent forms by containing selenium inorganic compound and phosphate.This cultivation method, also comprises by weight, gets the selenium-rich agent 1 part prepared and is dissolved in 50-90 part water, spray application on rice leaf, after spraying selenium-rich agent, meet the rainy day, should fill spray in time at the paddy rice earing flowering initial stage by solution.Cultivation method provided by the present invention makes the inorganic selenium 100% sprayed be converted into natural Organic Selenium, the Rice enriched-Se produced turns out to be foodstuffs without toxicity through medical experiment, can relievedly eat completely, this Rice enriched-Se has preventing cold, prevents and treats the effect such as hypertension and Myocardial damage.
By the retrieval of patent document, do not have the prior art finding to destroy patent novelty of the present invention, also not existing be combined with each other can destroy the file of the invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is fertilely to require according to the kind of different super hybrid rice and needing, the fertility state of local soil and extermination of disease and insect pest main points, thus in super hybridization rice process in the time of infertility, only need single-dose application, a dispenser, the control of the fertile disease pest and weed of determining the time of infertility of requesting for conciliation of the need that substantially can meet rice at whole growth periods, saving of labor increases production, safety and environmental protection; And the cultivation method of accurate, the light letter of a kind of super hybridization rice proposed.
For realizing above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: accurate, the light simple cultivation method of a kind of super hybridization rice, is characterized in that this cultivation method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: determine super hybridization rice breediness, is divided into wide adaptation type, multi-spike-type, large spike super hybridization rice thrin super hybridization rice breediness;
Step 2: the super hybridization rice breediness determined according to step 1, fertilizer practice is determined again according to the demand of different super hybridization rice kinds to Different Nutrient Elements, eurytopicity super hybridization rice, multi-spike-type super hybridization rice, the demand of large spike super hybridization rice to phosphate fertilizer and medium trace element are close, the demand of large spike super hybridization rice to nitrogenous fertilizer is slightly less than eurytopicity super hybridization rice, the demand of eurytopicity super hybridization rice to nitrogenous fertilizer is slightly less than multi-spike-type super hybridization rice, the demand of multi-spike-type super hybridization rice to potash fertilizer is slightly less than eurytopicity super hybridization rice, and the demand of eurytopicity super hybridization rice to potash fertilizer is slightly less than large spike super hybridization rice; In the fertilising step of described step 2, according to target output every mu about 800 kilograms calculating, N element 12-14 kilogram executed by wide adaptation type super hybridization rice kind every mu of need, P element 5-7 kilogram, K element 12-16 kilogram, Meso-and micro-nutrients 18-20 kilogram, when paddy rice harrows a field, base is executed; Multi-spike-type super hybridization rice kind every mu of need execute N element 13-15 kilogram, P element 5-7 kilogram, K element 10-14 kilogram, Meso-and micro-nutrients 18-20 kilogram, and when paddy rice harrows a field, base is executed; Large spike super hybridization rice kind every mu of need execute N element 10-12 kilogram, P element 5-7 kilogram, K element 14-18 kilogram, Meso-and micro-nutrients 18-20 kilogram, and when paddy rice harrows a field, base is executed;
Step 3: the super hybridization rice breediness determined according to step 1, determines pesticide application technology according to the incidence of different super hybridization rice kinds to disease pest and weed; In the dispenser step of step 3, super hybridization rice transplant or rice transplanting after within 5-7 days, spread fertilizer over the fields Weed removal medicinal fertilizer prevent and kill off paddy field annual weed, spread insecticide fertilizer control striped rice borer, rice leaf roller, rice fulgorid and Bactericide fertilizer control rice blast, false smut, banded sclerotial blight.
The wetting powder that the conventional weed killer herbicide of tradition to be active ingredient be bensulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron, butachlor, mefenacet, dichloro quinolinic acid, the third careless amine two kinds are composite, application process is pesticide-clay mixture method, spread fertilizer over the fields after needs and a certain amount of fertilizer or fine earth mix, if incomplete mixing, easily cause poisoning, and peasant household uses also inconvenient.Under better performance, Weed removal medicinal fertilizer to be active ingredient be in bensulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron, butachlor, mefenacet, dichloro quinolinic acid, the third careless amine two kinds of composite fertilizer granules in described step 3, application process, for directly to spread fertilizer over the fields, can solve the indeterminable technical problem of traditional technology method.
One or both complex preparations of the conventional insecticide fertilizer of tradition to be active ingredient be cartap, Rynaxypyr, Diacloden, Imidacloprid, Cupric sulfate, chlopyrifos, carbosulfan, pymetrozine, Avermectin, mainly liquid preparation, containing a large amount of solvents, easily cause environmental pollution; In addition because the certain formulations lasting period is not long, one season paddy rice need to use three or four insecticides, greatly increase pharmacy application amount, add the persticide residue in paddy, finally cause the insecurity of food.Under better performance, in described step 3, insecticide fertilizer is active ingredient is cartap, Rynaxypyr, Diacloden, Imidacloprid, Cupric sulfate, dimehypo, chlopyrifos, carbosulfan, pymetrozine, two or more compound medicine fertilizer granular formulation in Avermectin, and use advanced technology, by pesticide active ingredient in paddy rice from rice transplanting, transplanting or live front in the first 15 day time of harvesting, constantly discharge around rice root continually and steadily, by the transpiration pull of paddy rice to nutrient around root system, pesticide active ingredient is made to be transported to each position of whole rice, thus reach the object preventing and kill rice insect pest, the indeterminable technical problem of traditional technology method can be solved.
Two kinds of complex preparations of the conventional Bactericide fertilizer of tradition to be active ingredient be Difenoconazole, propiconazole, epoxiconazole, Flusilazole, own azoles alcohol, Tebuconazole, eyeball bacterium azoles, kresoxim-methyl, Prochloraz, carbendazim, major part formulation is wetting powder, there is dust to produce in peasant household's use procedure, health is harmful to; In addition because the certain formulations lasting period is not long, one season paddy rice need to use three or four insecticides, greatly increase pharmacy application amount, add the persticide residue in paddy, finally cause the insecurity of food.Under better performance, in described step 3, Bactericide fertilizer is active ingredient is Difenoconazole, propiconazole, epoxiconazole, Flusilazole, own azoles alcohol, Tebuconazole, eyeball bacterium azoles, kresoxim-methyl, Prochloraz, carbendazim, two or more compound medicine fertilizer granular formulation in jinggangmeisu, and use advanced technology, by pesticide active ingredient in paddy rice from rice transplanting, transplanting or live front in the first 15 day time of harvesting, constantly discharge around rice root continually and steadily, by the transpiration pull of paddy rice to nutrient around root system, pesticide active ingredient is made to be transported to each position of whole rice, thus reach the object of preventing to surpass and treat super hybridization rice disease, the indeterminable technical problem of traditional technology method can be solved.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is exactly accurate, the light simple cultivation method of a kind of super hybridization rice, according to super hybridization rice different cultivars, by multi-component composite fertilizer and special herbicide pesticide Bactericide fertilizer mixture, the need fertilizer that a single-dose application dispenser just meets super hybridization rice time of infertility is substantially requested for conciliation the control of the certainly disease pest and weed in the time of infertility.The method has two advantages: one is that multi-component composite fertilizer and special herbicide pesticide Bactericide fertilizer all have employed advanced technology, active ingredient in the nutrient in fertilizer and agricultural chemicals is made to be fixed on around rice root, paddy rice is according to the needs of self with need with getting, and the lasting period is long, reaches accurate fertilizer for medicine; Two is the processes eliminating three fertilisings, three dispensers (tillering fertilizer, booting fertilizer, seed strong fertilizer, tillering stage, round bar phase, pustulation period prevent and kill off disease pest and weed).Accurate, the light simple cultivation method of this super hybridization rice, the Tree Precise Fertilization dispenser of brainstrust can be realized, it is again a kind of culture technique of portable, peasant is simple to operate, be easy to learn and use, brainstrust output under experimental conditions become the high yield good harvest of peasant, final performance super hybridization rice high yield potential, realize the large-area high yield Super-high-yielding of super hybridization rice, for China's increases in grain production, increasing peasant income make a due contribution.
Embodiment
Further explaination is made to the present invention by the following examples.
Example 1, accurate, the light simple cultivation method of wide adaptation type super hybridization rice:
Situation 1:
Wide adaptation type super hybridization rice every mu uses N element 12 kilograms, P element 5 kilograms, K element 12 kilograms, Meso-and micro-nutrients 18 kilograms.
Wide adaptation type super hybridization rice rice transplanting or transplant within latter 5 days, spread fertilizer over the fields active ingredient be 0.64% bensulfuron-methyl, butachlor medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 10 kilograms prevent and kill off paddy field annual weed; Active ingredient be 4% cartap, Diacloden medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 6 kilograms control striped rice borer, rice leaf roller, rice fulgorid; Active ingredient is the Difenoconazole of 10%, the control of own azoles alcohol medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 4 kilograms rice blast, false smut, banded sclerotial blight.
A single-dose application dispenser, the need fertilizer that substantially can meet wide adaptation type super hybridization rice time of infertility is requested for conciliation the control of the certainly disease pest and weed in the time of infertility, and saving of labor increases production, safety and environmental protection.
Situation 2:
Wide adaptation type super hybridization rice every mu uses N element 13 kilograms, P element 6 kilograms, K element 14 kilograms, Meso-and micro-nutrients 19 kilograms.
Wide adaptation type super hybridization rice rice transplanting or transplant within latter 6 days, spread fertilizer over the fields active ingredient be 0.2% bensulfuron-methyl, mefenacet medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 10 kilograms prevent and kill off paddy field annual weed; Active ingredient be 5% cartap, chlopyrifos, Avermectin medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 6 kilograms control striped rice borer, rice leaf roller, rice fulgorid; Active ingredient be 6% Difenoconazole, propiconazole, epoxiconazole medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 4 kilograms control rice blast, false smut, banded sclerotial blight.
A single-dose application dispenser, the need fertilizer that substantially can meet wide adaptation type super hybridization rice time of infertility is requested for conciliation the control of the certainly disease pest and weed in the time of infertility, and saving of labor increases production, safety and environmental protection.
Situation 3:
Wide adaptation type super hybridization rice every mu uses N element 14 kilograms, P element 7 kilograms, K element 16 kilograms, Meso-and micro-nutrients 20 kilograms.
Wide adaptation type super hybridization rice rice transplanting or transplant within latter 7 days, spread fertilizer over the fields active ingredient be 0.3% pyrazosulfuron, dichloro quinolinic acid medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 10 kilograms prevent and kill off paddy field annual weed; Active ingredient be 4% carbosulfan, pymetrozine medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 6 kilograms control striped rice borer, rice leaf roller, rice fulgorid; Active ingredient is eyeball bacterium azoles, kresoxim-methyl medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 4 kilograms control rice blast, false smut, the banded sclerotial blight of 8%.
A single-dose application dispenser, the need fertilizer that substantially can meet wide adaptation type super hybridization rice time of infertility is requested for conciliation the control of the certainly disease pest and weed in the time of infertility, and saving of labor increases production, safety and environmental protection.
Embodiment 2, accurate, the light simple cultivation method of multi-spike-type super hybridization rice:
Situation 1:
Multi-spike-type super hybridization rice every mu uses N element 13 kilograms, P element 5 kilograms, K element 10 kilograms, Meso-and micro-nutrients 18 kilograms.
Multi-spike-type super hybridization rice transplant or within 5 days, spread fertilizer over the fields after rice transplanting active ingredient be 0.2% mefenacet, bensulfuron-methyl medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 10 kilograms prevent and kill off paddy field annual weed; Active ingredient be 4% Rynaxypyr, Diacloden medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 6 kilograms control striped rice borer, rice leaf roller, rice fulgorid; Active ingredient is own azoles alcohol, carbendazim medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 4 kilograms control rice blast, false smut, the banded sclerotial blight of 2%.
A single-dose application dispenser, the need fertilizer that substantially can meet multi-spike-type super hybridization rice time of infertility is requested for conciliation the control of the certainly disease pest and weed in the time of infertility, and saving of labor increases production, safety and environmental protection.
Situation 2:
Multi-spike-type super hybridization rice every mu uses N element 14 kilograms, P element 6 kilograms, K element 12 kilograms, Meso-and micro-nutrients 19 kilograms.
Multi-spike-type super hybridization rice transplant or within 6 days, spread fertilizer over the fields after rice transplanting active ingredient be 0.32% bensulfuron-methyl, butachlor medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 10 kilograms prevent and kill off paddy field annual weed; Active ingredient be 2% Cupric sulfate, Diacloden, Avermectin medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 6 kilograms control striped rice borer, rice leaf roller, rice fulgorid; Active ingredient be 4% Difenoconazole, propiconazole, Tebuconazole medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 4 kilograms control rice blast, false smut, banded sclerotial blight.
A single-dose application dispenser, the need fertilizer that substantially can meet multi-spike-type super hybridization rice time of infertility is requested for conciliation the control of the certainly disease pest and weed in the time of infertility, and saving of labor increases production, safety and environmental protection.
Situation 3:
Multi-spike-type super hybridization rice every mu uses N element 15 kilograms, P element 7 kilograms, K element 18 kilograms, Meso-and micro-nutrients 20 kilograms.
Multi-spike-type super hybridization rice transplant or within 7 days, spread fertilizer over the fields after rice transplanting active ingredient be 0.3% the third careless amine, bensulfuron-methyl medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 10 kilograms prevent and kill off paddy field annual weed; Active ingredient be 6% dimehypo, pymetrozine medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 6 kilograms control striped rice borer, rice leaf roller, rice fulgorid; Active ingredient is eyeball bacterium azoles, kresoxim-methyl medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 4 kilograms control rice blast, false smut, the banded sclerotial blight of 2%.
A single-dose application dispenser, the need fertilizer that substantially can meet multi-spike-type super hybridization rice time of infertility is requested for conciliation the control of the certainly disease pest and weed in the time of infertility, and saving of labor increases production, safety and environmental protection.
Embodiment 3, accurate, the light simple cultivation method of large spike super hybridization rice:
Situation 1:
Large spike super hybridization rice every mu uses N element 10 kilograms, P element 5 kilograms, K element 14 kilograms, Meso-and micro-nutrients 18 kilograms.
Large spike super hybridization rice transplant or within 5 days, spread fertilizer over the fields after rice transplanting active ingredient be 0.3% dichloro quinolinic acid, bensulfuron-methyl medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 10 kilograms prevent and kill off paddy field annual weed; Active ingredient be 2% chlopyrifos, pymetrozine medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 6 kilograms control striped rice borer, rice leaf roller, rice fulgorid; Active ingredient is Prochloraz, carbendazim medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 4 kilograms control rice blast, false smut, the banded sclerotial blight of 2%.
A single-dose application dispenser, the need fertilizer that substantially can meet large spike super hybridization rice time of infertility is requested for conciliation the control of the certainly disease pest and weed in the time of infertility, and saving of labor increases production, safety and environmental protection.
Situation 2:
Large spike super hybridization rice every mu uses N element 11 kilograms, P element 6 kilograms, K element 16 kilograms, Meso-and micro-nutrients 19 kilograms.
Large spike super hybridization rice transplant or within 6 days, spread fertilizer over the fields after rice transplanting active ingredient be 0.21% pyrazosulfuron, dichloro quinolinic acid medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 10 kilograms prevent and kill off paddy field annual weed; Active ingredient be 4% cartap, Rynaxypyr, chlopyrifos medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 6 kilograms control striped rice borer, rice leaf roller, rice fulgorid; Active ingredient be 2.5% carbendazim, Prochloraz, eyeball bacterium azoles medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 4 kilograms control rice blast, false smut, banded sclerotial blight.
A single-dose application dispenser, the need fertilizer that substantially can meet large spike super hybridization rice time of infertility is requested for conciliation the control of the certainly disease pest and weed in the time of infertility, and saving of labor increases production, safety and environmental protection.
Situation 3:
Large spike super hybridization rice every mu uses N element 12 kilograms, P element 7 kilograms, K element 18 kilograms, Meso-and micro-nutrients 20 kilograms.
Large spike super hybridization rice transplant or within 7 days, spread fertilizer over the fields after rice transplanting active ingredient be 0.2% pyrazosulfuron, the third careless amine medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 10 kilograms prevent and kill off paddy field annual weed; Active ingredient be 5% carbosulfan, pymetrozine medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 6 kilograms control striped rice borer, rice leaf roller, rice fulgorid; Active ingredient is the jinggangmeisu of 10%, the control of own azoles alcohol medicament-fertilizer mixture particle 4 kilograms rice blast, false smut, banded sclerotial blight.
A single-dose application dispenser, the need fertilizer that substantially can meet large spike super hybridization rice time of infertility is requested for conciliation the control of the certainly disease pest and weed in the time of infertility, and saving of labor increases production, safety and environmental protection.
Embodiment 4, adopts Experimental comparison:
In May, 2012 has arranged accurate, the light letter cultivation demonstration comparative trial of rice varieties " the excellent China in sky accounts for (wide adaptation type) " at Guidong County, Hunan, and two experimental field are established in test.
Experimental field A is accurate, light simple cultivation method: when paddy rice harrows a field, 42% multi-component composite fertilizer (N-P executed by base
2o
5-K
2o is 22-8-12, Meso-and micro-nutrients 10%) 50 kgs/acre.Wide adaptation type super hybridization rice rice transplanting or transplant and spread fertilizer over the fields bensulfuron-methyl, the butachlor medicament-fertilizer mixture particle (N-P that active ingredient is 0.64% for latter 6 days
2o
5-K
2o is 20-0-10, Meso-and micro-nutrients 10%) 10 kilograms, cartap, the Diacloden medicament-fertilizer mixture particle (K of 4%
2o10%, Meso-and micro-nutrients 50%) 6 kilograms and the Difenoconazole of 10%, own azoles alcohol medicament-fertilizer mixture particle (K
2o10%, Meso-and micro-nutrients 50%) 4 kilograms.The fertile specification of the super hybridization rice of above formula is wherein adopted to be 25 kilograms/bag, retail price 95 yuan/bag; The Weed removal medicinal fertilizer specification of above formula is wherein adopted to be 10 kilograms/bag, retail price 35 yuan/bag; The insecticide fertilizer specification of above formula is wherein adopted to be 6 kilograms/bag, retail price 80 yuan/bag; Wherein adopt the Bactericide fertilizer specification of above formula to be 4 kilograms/bag, retail price is 50 yuan/bag.
Experimental field B is traditional cultivation method: when paddy field harrows a field, 45% composite fertilizer (N-P of Hubei brand executed by base
2o
5-K
2o is 15-15-15) 50 kgs/acre, after rice transplanting 6 days every mu spread fertilizer over the fields 10 kilograms, urea (N46%) and add 10% bensulfuron-methyl Acetochlor weed killer herbicide 45 grams, transplant and within latter 20 days, spray the wide 10ml+10% Imidacloprid of health 20 grams; The wide 20ml+25% pymetrozine of health 20 grams+love seedling 30ml is sprayed after paddy rice dry field backwater; The wide 20ml+25% pymetrozine of health 20 grams+love seedling 30ml is sprayed at Grain Filling.Wherein 45% composite fertilizer's specification is 25 kilograms/bag, 85 yuan/bag, and urea specification is 50 kilograms/bag, retail price 120 yuan/bag, weed killer herbicide 45 grams/bag, 3 yuan/bag, the wide specification of health is 5ml/ bag, retail price is 8 yuan/bag, and Imidacloprid specification is 20 grams/bag, 3 yuan/bag, pymetrozine 10 grams/bag, 3 yuan/bag, like seedling 10ml/ bag, 3 yuan/bag.
Paddy procurement price is by 2.8 yuan/kilogram, and cost of labor is by 20 yuan of/time calculating, and Economic and Efficiency Analysis is in table 1:
From table 1, can find out, the super hybridization rice per mu yield of accurate, light simple cultivation method is adopted to reach 832.9kg/ mu, than traditional cultivation method volume increase 130.1kg/ mu, increase the output value 364.3 yuan/mu, increase net earnings 379.3 yuan/mu, economic benefit is considerable, and reduce peasant's labour intensity, saving of work and time is increasing both production and income again, be subject to liking of friend peasant.
Embodiment 5, adopts Experimental comparison:
In May, 2012 has arranged accurate, the light letter cultivation demonstration comparative trial of rice varieties " dark two excellent 5814(multi-spike-types) " at Hunan the Miluo River, and two experimental field are established in test.
Experimental field A is accurate, light simple cultivation method: when paddy rice harrows a field, 42% multi-component composite fertilizer (N-P executed by base
2o
5-K
2o is 24-8-10, Meso-and micro-nutrients 10%) 50 kgs/acre.Multi-spike-type super hybridization rice rice transplanting or transplant and spread fertilizer over the fields mefenacet, the bensulfuron-methyl medicament-fertilizer mixture particle (N-P that active ingredient is 0.2% for latter 5 days
2o
5-K
2o is 20-0-10, Meso-and micro-nutrients 10%) 10 kilograms, Rynaxypyr, the Diacloden medicament-fertilizer mixture particle (K of 0.4%
2o10%, Meso-and micro-nutrients 50%) 6 kilograms and 2% own azoles alcohol, carbendazim medicament-fertilizer mixture particle (K
2o10%, Meso-and micro-nutrients 50%) 4 kilograms.The fertile specification of the super hybridization rice of above formula is wherein adopted to be 25 kilograms/bag, retail price 90 yuan/bag; The Weed removal medicinal fertilizer specification of above formula is wherein adopted to be 10 kilograms/bag, retail price 40 yuan/bag; The insecticide fertilizer specification of above formula is wherein adopted to be 6 kilograms/bag, retail price 85 yuan/bag; Wherein adopt the Bactericide fertilizer specification of above formula to be 4 kilograms/bag, retail price is 40 yuan/bag.
Experimental field B is traditional cultivation method: when paddy field harrows a field, 45% composite fertilizer (N-P of Hubei brand executed by base
2o
5-K
2o is 15-15-15) 50 kgs/acre, after rice transplanting 6 days every mu spread fertilizer over the fields 10 kilograms, urea (N46%) and add 10% bensulfuron-methyl Acetochlor weed killer herbicide 45 grams, transplant and within latter 20 days, spray the wide 10ml+10% Imidacloprid of health 20 grams; The wide 20ml+25% pymetrozine of health 20 grams+love seedling 30ml is sprayed after paddy rice dry field backwater; The wide 20ml+25% pymetrozine of health 20 grams+love seedling 30ml is sprayed at Grain Filling.Wherein 45% composite fertilizer's specification is 25 kilograms/bag, 85 yuan/bag, and urea specification is 50 kilograms/bag, retail price 120 yuan/bag, weed killer herbicide 45 grams/bag, 3 yuan/bag, the wide specification of health is 5ml/ bag, retail price is 8 yuan/bag, and Imidacloprid specification is 20 grams/bag, 3 yuan/bag, pymetrozine 10 grams/bag, 3 yuan/bag, like seedling 10ml/ bag, 3 yuan/bag.
Paddy procurement price is by 2.8 yuan/kilogram, and cost of labor is by 20 yuan of/time calculating, and Economic and Efficiency Analysis is in table 2:
From table 2, can find out, the super hybridization rice per mu yield of accurate, light simple cultivation method is adopted to reach 811.7kg/ mu, than traditional cultivation method volume increase 85.9kg/ mu, increase the output value 240.5 yuan/mu, increase net earnings 265.5 yuan/mu, economic benefit is considerable, and reduce peasant's labour intensity, saving of work and time is increasing both production and income again, be subject to liking of friend peasant.
Embodiment 6, adopts Experimental comparison:
Arranged accurate, the light letter cultivation demonstration comparative trial of rice varieties " two excellent 1128(large spikes) " in May, 2012 in Qidong, Hunan, two experimental field are established in test.
Experimental field A is accurate, light simple cultivation method: when paddy rice harrows a field, 42% multi-component composite fertilizer (N-P executed by base
2o
5-K
2o is 20-8-14, Meso-and micro-nutrients 10%) 50 kgs/acre.Large spike super hybridization rice rice transplanting or transplant and spread fertilizer over the fields dichloro quinolinic acid, the bensulfuron-methyl medicament-fertilizer mixture particle (N-P that active ingredient is 0.3% for latter 7 days
2o
5-K
2o is 20-0-10, Meso-and micro-nutrients 10%) 10 kilograms, the chlopyrifos of 2%, Imidacloprid medicament-fertilizer mixture particle (K
2o15%, Meso-and micro-nutrients 50%) 6 kilograms and 2% Prochloraz, carbendazim medicament-fertilizer mixture particle (K
2o15%, Meso-and micro-nutrients 50%) 4 kilograms.The fertile specification of the super hybridization rice of above formula is wherein adopted to be 25 kilograms/bag, retail price 90 yuan/bag; The Weed removal medicinal fertilizer specification of above formula is wherein adopted to be 10 kilograms/bag, retail price 40 yuan/bag; The insecticide fertilizer specification of above formula is wherein adopted to be 6 kilograms/bag, retail price 90 yuan/bag; Wherein adopt the Bactericide fertilizer specification of above formula to be 4 kilograms/bag, retail price is 50 yuan/bag.
Experimental field B is traditional cultivation method: when paddy field harrows a field, 45% composite fertilizer (N-P of Hubei brand executed by base
2o
5-K
2o is 15-15-15) 50 kgs/acre, after rice transplanting 6 days every mu spread fertilizer over the fields 10 kilograms, urea (N46%) and add 10% bensulfuron-methyl Acetochlor weed killer herbicide 45 grams, transplant and within latter 20 days, spray the wide 10ml+10% Imidacloprid of health 20 grams; The wide 20ml+25% pymetrozine of health 20 grams+love seedling 30ml is sprayed after paddy rice dry field backwater; The wide 20ml+25% pymetrozine of health 20 grams+love seedling 30ml is sprayed at Grain Filling.Wherein 45% composite fertilizer's specification is 25 kilograms/bag, 85 yuan/bag, and urea specification is 50 kilograms/bag, retail price 120 yuan/bag, weed killer herbicide 45 grams/bag, 3 yuan/bag, the wide specification of health is 5ml/ bag, retail price is 8 yuan/bag, and Imidacloprid specification is 20 grams/bag, 3 yuan/bag, pymetrozine 10 grams/bag, 3 yuan/bag, like seedling 10ml/ bag, 3 yuan/bag.
Paddy procurement price is by 2.8 yuan/kilogram, and cost of labor is by 20 yuan of/time calculating, and Economic and Efficiency Analysis is in table 3:
From table 3, can find out, the super hybridization rice per mu yield of accurate, light simple cultivation method is adopted to reach 850.4kg/ mu, than traditional cultivation method volume increase 105.7kg/ mu, increase the output value 296.0 yuan/mu, increase net earnings 306.0 yuan/mu, economic benefit is considerable, and reduce peasant's labour intensity, saving of work and time is increasing both production and income again, be subject to liking of friend peasant.
Because the kind of super hybridization rice is more, the demand of often kind of super hybridization rice to fertilizer is not identical with the medicine to medicament yet.According to target output every mu about 800 kilograms calculating, wide adaptation type super hybridization rice kind every mu of need execute N element 11-15 kilogram, P element 3-5 kilogram, K element 7-14 kilogram, Meso-and micro-nutrients 10-20 kilogram; Therefore every mu of need can be selected in the experimentation of rice field to execute N element 13 kilograms, P element 4 kilograms, K element 8 kilograms, Meso-and micro-nutrients 11 kilograms.
According to target output every mu about 800 kilograms calculating, multi-spike-type super hybridization rice kind every mu of need execute N element 12-16 kilogram, P element 3-5 kilogram, K element 5-10 kilogram, Meso-and micro-nutrients 10-20 kilogram; Therefore every mu of need can be selected in the experimentation of rice field to execute N element 14 kilograms, P element 4 kilograms, K element 7 kilograms, Meso-and micro-nutrients 11 kilograms.
According to target output every mu about 800 kilograms calculating, large spike super hybridization rice kind every mu of need execute N element 10-14 kilogram, P element 3-5 kilogram, K element 6-12 kilogram, Meso-and micro-nutrients 10-20 kilogram; Therefore every mu of need can be selected in the experimentation of rice field to execute N element 12 kilograms, P element 4 kilograms, K element 7.5 kilograms, Meso-and micro-nutrients 11 kilograms.
Determining by testing above, adopting accurate, the light simple cultivation method of super hybridization rice, realize per mu yield increase net earnings and be not less than 200 yuan.
Above accurate, the light simple cultivation method of a kind of super hybridization rice provided by the present invention is described in detail, set forth principle of the present invention and embodiment herein, the explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping; Meanwhile, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. accurate, the light simple cultivation method of super hybridization rice, is characterized in that this cultivation method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: determine super hybridization rice breediness, is divided into wide adaptation type, multi-spike-type, large spike super hybridization rice thrin super hybridization rice breediness;
Step 2: the super hybridization rice breediness determined according to step 1, then according to different super hybridization rice kind, fertilizer practice is determined to the demand of Different Nutrient Elements and local fertility state; In the fertilising step of described step 2, according to target output every mu about 800 kilograms calculating, N element 12 kilograms executed by wide adaptation type super hybridization rice kind every mu of need, P element 5 kilograms, K element 12 kilograms, Meso-and micro-nutrients 18 kilograms, the Base-appling once when paddy rice harrows a field; N element 13 kilograms executed by multi-spike-type super hybridization rice kind every mu of need, P element 5 kilograms, K element 10 kilograms, Meso-and micro-nutrients 18 kilograms, the Base-appling once when paddy rice harrows a field; N element 10 kilograms executed by large spike super hybridization rice kind every mu of need, P element 5 kilograms, K element 14 kilograms, Meso-and micro-nutrients 18 kilograms, the Base-appling once when paddy rice harrows a field;
Step 3: the super hybridization rice breediness determined according to step 1, determines pesticide application technology according to the incidence of different super hybridization rice kinds to disease pest and weed; In the dispenser step of step 3, super hybridization rice transplant or rice transplanting after within 5-7 days, spread fertilizer over the fields Weed removal medicinal fertilizer prevent and kill off paddy field annual weed, spread insecticide fertilizer control striped rice borer, rice leaf roller, rice fulgorid and Bactericide fertilizer control rice blast, false smut, banded sclerotial blight.
2. accurate, the light simple cultivation method of a kind of super hybridization rice according to claim 1, is characterized in that the active ingredient of Weed removal medicinal fertilizer in described step 3 is two kinds of mixtures in bensulfuron-methyl, butachlor, mefenacet, dichloro quinolinic acid, the third careless amine.
3. accurate, the light simple cultivation method of a kind of super hybridization rice according to claim 1, is characterized in that the active ingredient of insecticide fertilizer in described step 3 is the two or more mixtures in cartap, Rynaxypyr, Diacloden, Imidacloprid, Cupric sulfate, chlopyrifos, carbosulfan, pymetrozine, Avermectin.
4. accurate, the light simple cultivation method of a kind of super hybridization rice according to claim 1, is characterized in that the active ingredient of Bactericide fertilizer in described step 3 is the two or more mixtures in Difenoconazole, propiconazole, epoxiconazole, Flusilazole, own azoles alcohol, Tebuconazole, eyeball bacterium azoles, kresoxim-methyl, Prochloraz, carbendazim.
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| CN104186543A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-12-10 | 苏州市新泾村农业基地专业合作社 | Insecticidal composition for preventing and controlling cnaphalocrocis medinalis guenee and application of insecticidal composition |
| CN104585215A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-05-06 | 湖南神隆超级稻丰产工程有限公司 | Method for simply and efficiently producing seeds and cultivating hybrid rice |
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| CN107018985A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-08-08 | 江苏天容集团股份有限公司 | Composition pesticide containing cartap and hexaconazole |
| CN110036849A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-23 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of double season super hybridization rice Super-high-yielding Cultivation methods |
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