CN102160511A - Novel cultivation, precise fertilization and comprehensive cultivation method for single cropping rice - Google Patents
Novel cultivation, precise fertilization and comprehensive cultivation method for single cropping rice Download PDFInfo
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009328 dry farming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000021393 food security Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
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- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005373 Panax quinquefolius Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel cultivation, precise fertilization and comprehensive cultivation method for single cropping rice. By the method, various functions such as novel cultivation and precise fertilization are synthesized into a whole to realize the high yield of the single cropping rice. By the method, dry cultivation and direct seeding or seedling belt pots are used for transplanting, and then the precise fertilization is performed. The method is integrated with soil regulation, deep tillage and dry farming, straw fermentation and return, south and north rowing, wide row distances and narrow planting distances, isometric balanced close planting of wide and narrow row distances and spraying of plant energy-gathering fertilizers. The method is suitable for realizing high quality and high yield of paddy improved varieties. The method has the functions of soil conservation, fertilizer conservation, cold resistance, drought resistance, lodging resistance and pest and disease resistance; and on the premise of ensuring national food security, the using amount of the chemical fertilizers is reduced, the expense of farmers is reduced, the income of the farmers is increased, national energy sources are saved, environmental protection is realized, and the agricultural sustainable development is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to arviculture and fertilizing method, specifically is the new-type cultivation of a kind of single harvest rice, Tree Precise Fertilization and synthetic method for planting.
Background technology:
China's agricultural does not have the single cropping rice cultivation mode of standard, water, rice seedling on upland field and big water in field are planted, thin planting and irrational dense planting all are restriction single cropping rice high yield bottleneck, the particularly single cropping rice are when earing, and functional leaf is accepted the illumination deficiency under the fringe, single cropping rice seed is difficult to full, causes the underproduction half more; The peasant ploughs does not have standard yet, blindly big with randomness, and the paddy field major part is not ploughed deeply, directly use the rotovator rotary tillage, cause face upper strata, field magma mud (cause again behind the water purification and harden), and field lower floor is hard base plate, the paddy field layer depth is less than the 15-20 centimetre, is unfavorable for that rice root pricks deeply; Field management is random big, and the deep water flood irrigation is a universal phenomenon, is unfavorable for the growth of rice root eupnea, but also a large amount of waste water resource; Most of peasant blindly applies fertilizer with traditional fertilization mode, executes " high nitrogen type " compound fertilizer or bulk blended fertilizer partially.100,000 clumps of regional northeastward per hectare plantation single cropping rice rice shoots, bulk blended fertilizer " base fertilizer " amount of application just reaches 1000 jin, 200 jin of " leaven " amounts of application also will impose 200 jin in urea before the paddy rice heading, add up to per hectare to measure 1 to fertilize, 400 jin, amount to every clump with the chemical fertilizer amount greater than 14 the gram.Not only waste energy in a large number, contaminated environment, the more important thing is that chemical fertilizer utilization ratio significantly reduces along with the continuous expansion of amount thereupon.Simultaneously because " high nitrogen " type chemical fertilizer causes the overgrowing of single cropping rice skill leaf, cause that damage by disease and insect such as rice blast breaks out and rice lodging phenomenon ubiquity.Comprehensive many factors, rice production costs constantly rise and output can not get improving, and quality also descends gradually.Even more serious is to cause vicious circle, the health of serious threat contemporary people and descendants's living environments such as Tu Rang Ban Knot, rich water loss and environmental pollution.Constantly increase according to population, the China's actual conditions that the soil reduces gradually, the cultural method that paddy rice is extensive and traditional fertilizer application mode incompatibility modern agricultural development need and growing social demand.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind ofly tally with the national condition, the new-type cultivation of a kind of single harvest rice, Tree Precise Fertilization and the synthetic method for planting of agricultural feelings and ecological, environmental protective requirement.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to achieve these goals:
The new-type cultivation of the single harvest rice, Tree Precise Fertilization and synthetic method for planting is characterized in that planting type is:
(1) new-type cultivation:
Rice seed coating: after the single harvest rice improved seeds process solarization, choosing and water logging, pick up and drench to the greatest extent water, taking advantage of the seed rice shell has humidity in the ratio abundant mixing of every kilogram of seed with seed dressing type plant energy concentration fertilizer 10 gram, water-loss reducer 500 grams and bentonite 500 grams, and it is for subsequent use to carry out dressing with the granulating and coating special equipment;
Ditch-water is taken good care of: drought is planted drought and is educated, and flat ditch-water is moistening, rice root is pricked deeply improved drought resisting, disease resistance ability;
(2) Tree Precise Fertilization:
Every clump 3.5 gram of paddy rice tailored version ecological BB fertilizer, all bottom application; Every clump 1.5 of functional urea gram imposes 1 gram before imposing 0.5 gram, heading before wherein tillering; Every clump 5 gram of functional biological fertilizer; Foliage applying sprays every clump 0.008 gram of plant energy concentration fertilizer, and with 0.005 gram, foliage fertilization strengthens photosynthesis and the nutrition of paddy rice functional leaf before wherein tiller front usefulness 0.003 gram, the heading;
(3) soil conditioning:
Nutrition soil adds the functional biological fertilizer in the abundant mixing of following ratio, trophosome wherein: 60% turfy soil or humus soil, 20% sandy loam, 20% clay add the functional biological fertilizer, mix, broken, stir evenly, with nutrition soil pH value transfer to behind the 4--5 again machine impose on drought plant drought educate delay in;
(4) Comprehensive Cultural:
With new-type cultivation, precisely fertilising and soil conditioning, deep ploughing dry farming, stalk fermentation also start in field, north and south, the narrow strain of wide row sprays the plant energy concentration fertilizer and combine together with the capable equivalent equilibrium of width dense planting, the single cropping rice, be useful on the good single cropping rice improved seeds to reach good quality and high output.
The new-type cultivation of the described single harvest rice, Tree Precise Fertilization and synthetic method for planting, it is characterized in that described deep ploughing dry farming is that the tractor-ploughing degree of depth is greater than 40 centimeters, anyhow rotary tillage is each 3 times, is convenient to root system and deeply pricks, and dry land is live, drought plants that drought is educated, ditch-water is taken good care of, do and wet, exempt from transplanting.
The new-type cultivation of the described single harvest rice, Tree Precise Fertilization and synthetic method for planting is characterized in that the balanced dense planting of the narrow strain of described wide row and wide-and narrow-row equivalent is that 40 centimeters of wide line-spacings, narrow row are apart from 20 centimeters, 10 centimeters equivalent equilibriums of spacing in the rows.
The new-type cultivation of the described single harvest rice, Tree Precise Fertilization and synthetic method for planting is characterized in that the described single harvest rice sprays plant energy concentration fertilizer for respectively spraying foliage fertilization 1 time before tillering with before the heading.
The new-type cultivation of the described single harvest rice, Tree Precise Fertilization and synthetic method for planting, described soil conditioning for the Nutrition Soil pH value is transferred to after the neutrality again machine impose on drought plant drought educate delay in.
The new-type cultivation of the described single harvest rice, Tree Precise Fertilization and synthetic method for planting, described deep ploughing dry farming be the tractor-ploughing degree of depth greater than 40 centimeters, rotary tillage is each 3 times anyhow, is convenient to root system and deeply pricks, dry land is live, drought plants that drought is educated, ditch-water is taken good care of, do and wet, exempt from transplanting.
The new-type cultivation of the described single harvest rice, Tree Precise Fertilization and synthetic method for planting, the described single harvest rice spray plant energy concentration fertilizer for respectively spraying foliage fertilization 1 time before tillering with before the heading.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention is useful on the paddy rice breeding and reaches good quality and high output; Improve soil conservation, fertilizer conservation and cold-resistant, drought resisting, resistant to lodging, disease and insect resistance function; Under the prerequisite that ensures national food safety, reduce fertilizer amount, for peasant's abridged edition increases income, be national energy savings, protection of the environment promotes agricultural sustainable development.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 single cropping rice synthetic method for planting operating process schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 single cropping rice synthetic method for planting floor map.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: the new-type cultivation of the single harvest rice, Tree Precise Fertilization and synthetic method for planting, and wherein the new-type cultivation of new-type cultivation is:
The dry land drought is planted (rice seed coating is directly planted " northern epiphragma " and comprehensive nutrient body); (rice seed coating: single harvest rice improved seeds through after solarization, choosing and the water logging, are picked up and drench to the greatest extent water, take advantage of the seed rice shell have humidity with seed dressing type plant energy concentration fertilizer and water-loss reducer and bentonite by the abundant mixing of set amount, it is for subsequent use to carry out dressing with the granulating and coating special equipment; The comprehensive nutrient body is with the abundant mixing of functional biological fertilizer (by 5 grams/clump) and Nutrition Soil (educating the furrow face interior Sheng amount of delaying by drought kind drought).Nutrition soil self-control: wherein 60% turfy soil or humus soil, 20% sandy loam, 20% clay, mix, broken, to stir evenly the back standby.
By above-mentioned new-type cultivation, especially the dry land rice seed coating is directly planted with the comprehensive nutrient body and organically is blended in one, single cropping rice dry land is directly planted, from drought sowing, rice seedling on upland field, nourishing and growing all has a good growing environment to fertility growth whole growth in the phase, therefrom reduced and transplanted the link of turning green, can promote that not only paddy rice normally roots, the many seedlings of root strong, for good harvest is taken a firm foundation; Paddy rice drought plants that drought is educated, ditch-water is taken good care of, and more helps short early the sending out of paddy rice and early tillers, and especially water-loss reducer, turfy soil and bentonite not only all have water conservation drought resisting function, but also have protect fertile, protect native function.
Embodiment 2: the new-type cultivation of the single harvest rice, Tree Precise Fertilization and synthetic method for planting, and wherein the accurate proportioning of Tree Precise Fertilization dose is:
1, every kilogram of seed of rice seed coating restrains with seed dressing type plant energy concentration fertilizer 10 grams, water-loss reducer 500 grams, bentonite 500.Ditch-water is taken good care of: drought is planted drought and is educated, and flat ditch-water is moistening, rice root is pricked deeply improved drought resisting, disease resistance ability;
2, single harvest rice cultivation is 3.5 grams with single clump of Tree Precise Fertilization amount of paddy rice tailored version ecological BB fertilizer, all bottom application (paddy rice nitrogen in full growth period, phosphorus, the disposable accurate input of potassium nutrition).
3, every clump 1.5 gram of functional urea (imposing 1 gram/clump before imposing 0.5 gram/clump, heading before tillering).
4, every clump 5 gram of functional biological fertilizer (being used for self-control Nutrition Soil, culture fertility, kind ground and increasing soil fertility combining).
5, foliage applying sprays every clump 0.008 gram of type plant energy concentration fertilizer, converts 6 milliliters in water and (restrains with 0.005 before tiller front usefulness 0.003 gram, the heading.Foliage fertilization, the photosynthesis and the nutrient accumulation of enhancing paddy rice functional leaf).
Nutrition soil adds the functional biological fertilizer in the abundant mixing of following ratio, trophosome wherein: 60% turfy soil or humus soil, 20% sandy loam, 20% clay add every clump 5 gram of functional biological fertilizer, mix, broken, stir evenly, with nutrition soil pH value transfer to behind the 4--5 again machine impose on drought plant drought educate delay in.
By above-mentioned accurate fertilising, can ensure that not only single cropping rice Inner in the time of infertility can equilibrium obtain abundant nutrition, the single cropping rice is steadily and surely grown, the fertile phenomenon of Off appears in the middle and later periods anything but, thereby reach bar maturation alive, output is doubled, by output calculate with traditional fertilization mutually specific energy save 50% applying quantity of chemical fertilizer.
Embodiment 3: the new-type cultivation and the single cropping rice synthetic method for planting that precisely applies fertilizer, and wherein synthetic method for planting is as follows:
With new-type cultivation and Tree Precise Fertilization and soil conditioning (transferring to behind the 4--5 Nutrition Soil pH value for subsequent use), the deep ploughing dry farming (is ploughed deeply 40 centimeters with front stubble rice terrace with tractor, being convenient to root system pricks deeply, with rotary cultivator anyhow rotary tillage each 3 times, drought kind drought is educated after drying leveling, ditch-water is taken good care of, do wet), stalk fermentation also field (sprays " stalk rot agent " at (70% is used for also field) front batch of rice straw, promote fast rotting, increase organic, soil conservation, fertile, improve the soil), (the North and South direction backguy furrow program request of having ditched is started in north and south, to guarantee ventilation and printing opacity, increase intensity of illumination), the narrow strain of wide row and wide-and narrow-row equivalent dense planting (40 centimeters of wide line-spacings, narrow row is apart from 20 centimeters, 10 centimeters of spacing in the rows, the balanced dense planting of equivalent, per hectare can cultivate 328,800 clumps), impose functional urea and spray plant energy concentration fertilizer before the single harvest rice tillers with before the heading, promote to tiller ahead of time, strengthen photosynthesis and the nutrient accumulation of paddy rice functional leaf, promote full seed, improve spike of rice mass of 1000 kernel and combine together.
Not only making the paddy rice this season obtain good quality and high output by above-mentioned synthetic method for planting (compares with traditional fertilization and cultivation method, quality significantly improves, output is doubled), the more important thing is improve the soil (soil conditioning, deep ploughing dry farming, stalk fermentation be field, applying organic manure also), kind of ground combines with increasing soil fertility, make the soil plant more fertile and more fertile, the single cropping rice is obtained high yield year after year.Not only for peasant's abridged edition increases income, ensureing national food safety, also is national energy savings, and protection of the environment promotes social harmony.
Claims (4)
1. the new-type cultivation of the single harvest rice, Tree Precise Fertilization and synthetic method for planting is characterized in that planting type is:
(1) new-type cultivation:
Rice seed coating: after the single harvest rice improved seeds process solarization, choosing and water logging, pick up and drench to the greatest extent water, taking advantage of the seed rice shell has humidity in the ratio abundant mixing of every kilogram of seed with seed dressing type plant energy concentration fertilizer 10 gram, water-loss reducer 500 grams and bentonite 500 grams, and it is for subsequent use to carry out dressing with the granulating and coating special equipment;
Ditch-water is taken good care of: drought is planted drought and is educated, and flat ditch-water is moistening, rice root is pricked deeply improved drought resisting, disease resistance ability;
(2) Tree Precise Fertilization:
Every clump 3.5 gram of paddy rice tailored version ecological BB fertilizer, all bottom application; Every clump 1.5 of functional urea gram imposes 1 gram before imposing 0.5 gram, heading before wherein tillering; Every clump 5 gram of functional biological fertilizer; Foliage applying sprays every clump 0.008 gram of plant energy concentration fertilizer, and with 0.005 gram, foliage fertilization strengthens photosynthesis and the nutrition of paddy rice functional leaf before wherein tiller front usefulness 0.003 gram, the heading;
(3) soil conditioning:
Nutrition soil adds the functional biological fertilizer in the abundant mixing of following ratio, trophosome wherein: 60% turfy soil or humus soil, 20% sandy loam, 20% clay add the functional biological fertilizer, mix, broken, stir evenly, with nutrition soil pH value transfer to behind the 4-5 again machine impose on drought plant drought educate delay in;
(4) Comprehensive Cultural:
With new-type cultivation, precisely fertilising and soil conditioning, deep ploughing dry farming, stalk fermentation also start in field, north and south, the narrow strain of wide row and the capable equivalent dense planting of width, the single cropping rice sprays the plant energy concentration fertilizer and combine together, be useful on the good single cropping rice improved seeds to reach good quality and high output.
2. the new-type cultivation of the single harvest rice according to claim 1, Tree Precise Fertilization and synthetic method for planting, it is characterized in that described deep ploughing dry farming is that the tractor-ploughing degree of depth is greater than 40 centimeters, anyhow rotary tillage is each 3 times, be convenient to root system and deeply prick, dry land is live, drought plants that drought is educated, ditch-water is taken good care of, do and wet, exempt from transplanting.
3. the new-type cultivation of the single cropping rice according to claim 1, precisely fertilising and synthetic method for planting is characterized in that the capable equivalent dense planting of the narrow strain of described wide row and width is 40 centimeters of wide line-spacings, narrow row distance 20 centimeters, 10 centimeters equivalent equilibriums of spacing in the rows.
4. the new-type cultivation of the single harvest rice according to claim 1, Tree Precise Fertilization and synthetic method for planting is characterized in that the described single harvest rice sprays plant energy concentration fertilizer for respectively spraying foliage fertilization 1 time before tillering with before the heading.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103435423A (en) * | 2013-09-08 | 2013-12-11 | 王晓忠 | Total nutrient rice seedling culture substrate |
| CN103875492A (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2014-06-25 | 象州县科学技术局 | Organic sticky rice planting method |
| CN103875491A (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2014-06-25 | 象州县科学技术局 | Organic fragrant rice planting method |
| CN104641917A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-05-27 | 王桂林 | Intensification planting method of grain crops |
| CN104871891A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-09-02 | 湖南农业大学 | Water and fertilizer integration rice culture method |
| CN104938267A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-09-30 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | Rice planting method for efficiently applying nitrogenous fertilizer in quantity reducing mode |
| CN105104047A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-02 | 湖南农业大学 | Cultivation method for noodle rice varieties |
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| CN101792347A (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2010-08-04 | 安徽程翔肥料有限公司 | Plant energy concentration fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103875492A (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2014-06-25 | 象州县科学技术局 | Organic sticky rice planting method |
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| CN105104047A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-02 | 湖南农业大学 | Cultivation method for noodle rice varieties |
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