CN102138423B - Novel method for cultivating, precisely fertilizing and comprehensively cultivating spring corn - Google Patents
Novel method for cultivating, precisely fertilizing and comprehensively cultivating spring corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN102138423B CN102138423B CN201110060844A CN201110060844A CN102138423B CN 102138423 B CN102138423 B CN 102138423B CN 201110060844 A CN201110060844 A CN 201110060844A CN 201110060844 A CN201110060844 A CN 201110060844A CN 102138423 B CN102138423 B CN 102138423B
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel method for cultivating, precisely fertilizing and comprehensively cultivating spring corn, which integrates various functions including novel cultivation and precision fertilization to realize good quality and high output of corn. The method integrates sowing, transplanting with a bowl, precision fertilization, soil conditioning, deep tillage ridge piling, straw returning ridge covering, southern and northern line opening, wide row and narrow strain, equivalent and balanced thick planting in wide and narrow lines and appropriate castration, and is suitable for realizing good quality and high output of an excellent spring corn variety. By adopting the method, the functions of the soil conservation, fertilizer conservation, water retention, cold resistance, drought resistance, lodging resistance and pest resistance of the soil are enhanced; and under the condition that the national grain safety is ensured, the application amount of a chemical fertilizer is reduced, saving in cost and increase in yield are realized for farmers, energy sources are saved for the Country, the environment is protected, and agricultural sustainable development is facilitated.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to arviculture and fertilization mode, specifically is the new-type cultivation of a kind of spring corn, precisely fertilising and comprehensive method of cultivating.
Background technology:
China's agricultural system does not have the maize culture pattern of standard so far, and thin planting and irrational dense planting all are to restrict the bottleneck, particularly corn of corn with high yield when taking out hero, and excellent three leaves are accepted the illumination deficiency, and corn ear will lack grain by bald point, causes the underproduction; Also have the peasant whole ridge of ploughing not have standard, blindly big with randomness; Especially fertilising, maize planting most of peasant blindly apply fertilizer with traditional mode, executes " high nitrogen type " compound fertilizer or bulk blended fertilizer partially.Regional northeastward per hectare plantation 55,000 strains, base fertilizer is with 1500 jin of bulk blended fertilizer amounts; 200 jin of " mouthful fertilizer " application of phosphoric acid two ammoniums also will impose 500 jin in urea before corn is taken out hero, add up to per hectare to measure 2 to fertilize; 200 jin, amount to every strain and restrain greater than 20 with the chemical fertilizer amount.Not only waste resource, contaminated environment in a large number, the more important thing is that chemical fertilizer utilization ratio significantly reduces along with the continuous expansion of amount thereupon.Cause the overgrowing of corn skill leaf even cause that damage by disease and insect breaks out and the phenomenon ubiquity that lodges owing to " high nitrogen " type chemical fertilizer simultaneously.Comprehensive many-sided factor, Maize Production cost constantly rise and output can not get improving, and quality also descends gradually.Even more serious is to cause vicious circle, the health of serious threat contemporary people and descendants's living environments such as soil erosion and soil compaction.Constantly increase based on population, the China's actual conditions that the soil constantly reduces, the cultural method of corn extensive style and traditional fertilizer application mode incompatibility modern agricultural development need and can not satisfy growing social demand.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind ofly tally with the national condition, the new-type cultivation of spring corn of agricultural feelings and ecological, environmental protective requirement, the accurate method of fertilising and comprehensive cultivation.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to achieve these goals:
The new-type cultivation of spring corn, precisely fertilising and comprehensive method of cultivating is characterized in that planting type is:
(1) new-type cultivation:
Comprehensive nutrient body: comprehensive nutrient body layering dress: lowermost layer be water-loss reducer 0.5 gram/strain, bottom to the upper strata refill the fertile 6 gram/strains of corn tailored version ecological functions BB, nutrition soil, above be the 2 gram/strains of corn tailored version ecological functions BB fertilizer, sowing, blinding, be transplanted to the land for growing field crops; Described nutrition soil is 50% turfy soil or humus soil, 30% sandy loam, the mixing of 20% clay, fragmentation, stirs, and mixes biological organic fertilizer 5 grams again by every strain consumption;
(2) precisely fertilising:
Seed dressing is with every strain 0.006 gram of seed dressing type plant energy concentration fertilizer;
Foliage applying sprays every strain 0.008 gram of type plant energy concentration fertilizer, converts 6 milliliters in water;
The fertile 8 gram/strains of corn tailored version ecological functions BB;
Biological organic fertilizer 5 gram/strains;
(3) synthetic method for planting: with new-type cultivation and accurate fertilising start with soil conditioning, deep ploughing heap ridge, straw-returning lid ridge, north and south, the narrow strain of wide row is with the balanced dense planting of the capable equivalent of width, spray type plant energy concentration fertilizer and combine together except that hero, foliage applying in good time, be useful on the good spring corn kind to reach good quality and high output.
The new-type cultivation of described spring maize, precisely fertilising and comprehensive method of cultivating, described soil conditioning reinstalls the alms bowl body after nutrition soil pH value is transferred to neutrality.
The new-type cultivation of described spring corn, precisely fertilising and comprehensive method of cultivating, described deep ploughing heap ridge is 80 centimeters of row spacings, high 40 centimeters.
It is that preceding stubble maize straw 70% is gone back the Tian Gai ridge that the new-type cultivation of described spring corn, accurate fertilising and comprehensive method of cultivating, described straw-returning are covered the ridge, sprays stalk with the rotten agent of stalk behind the lid ridge.
The new-type cultivation of described spring corn, the accurate method of fertilising and comprehensive cultivation, the balanced dense planting of the capable equivalent of the narrow strain of described wide row and width are narrow row apart from 10 centimeters of 30 centimeters and 90 centimeters equivalent equilibriums of wide line-spacing, spacing in the rows.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention improves soil and protects soil, fertile, water and cold-resistant, drought resisting, resistant to lodging, disease and insect resistance function; Under the prerequisite that ensures national food safety, reduce applying quantity of chemical fertilizer, for peasant's abridged edition increases income, be national energy savings, the protection environment promotes agricultural sustainable development.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, operational flowchart of the present invention.
Fig. 2, organic splendid attire alms bowl sketch map of the present invention.
The balanced dense planting floor map of the capable equivalent of narrow strain of wide row and width among Fig. 3, the present invention.
Embodiment
Example 1: A new spring corn planting, precision fertilization and integrated cultivation methods, where new planting is: Southern sowing (northern nursery) with a bowl transplanting (integrated nutrition body) contains: "Organic costumes bowl, insurance agent, fertilizer, nutrient soil , mouth fertilizer, seed fertilizer type plants shaped dressing "One bowl is made of organic peat soil containing dried, ground and sieved spare; bentonite drying, grinding, sifting spare; Both dosage in half, after mixing add water wet (with clenched into a group dispersed without dripping appropriate), with a steel mold pressed into organic costumes bowl (bowl rectangular cone, catchy diameter length 16 cm width 10 cm, length 13 outlet diameter cm wide and 8 cm, bowl height 18 cm, thickness 0.6 cm).Treat the alms bowl body dry naturally after layering dress comprehensive nutrient body again.
What the layering of comprehensive nutrient body was adorned is: lowermost layer is water-loss reducer (0.5 gram/strain), refills base fertilizer (the fertile 6 gram/strains of corn tailored version ecological functions BB), nutrition soil (meter by measure), mouthful fertilizer (the fertile 2 gram/strains of corn tailored version ecological functions BB) sowing, blinding.Nutrition soil self-control: wherein 50% turfy soil or humus soil, 30% sandy loam, 20% clay, mix, broken, to stir the back subsequent use, mix functional biological fertilizer 5 grams again by every alms bowl consumption and get final product.
Through this new cultivation, especially organic dressed bowl will aquasorb, fertilizer, nutrient soil, fertilizer and seed type plants mouth shaped corn seeds mixed with fertilizer organic fusion in one, so from spring corn planting (north nursery to the field shift planted) to have a good seedling growth and growth nutrient environment, not only to promote corn root, root more Miao Zhuang, lay a solid foundation for the harvest; spring corn field after transplanting with a bowl of corn is more conducive to healthy growth and development, especially in water agents, peat soil and water conservation and drought bentonite has not only function, but also has a fertilizer, soil conservation functions.
Embodiment 2: the new-type cultivation of spring corn, precisely the fertilising and synthetic method for planting, the accurate proportioning of the fertilizing amount of wherein precisely applying fertilizer is:
1, maize culture is dressed seed with 0.006 gram by every seed with seed dressing type plant energy concentration fertilizer.
2, the accurate fertilizing amount of the maize culture use corn tailored version fertile individual plant of ecological functions BB is 8 grams, wherein every strain 6 grams (the disposable accurate input of corn nutritional amt in full vegetative period is exempted to topdress in the root) of bottom application; Face is executed (mouthful fertilizer) every strain 2 grams (the disposable accurate input of desired nutritional amount in seedling stage).
3, the every strain of functional biological fertilizer 5 grams (culture fertility, plant ground and increase soil fertility combine).
4, foliage applying sprays every strain 0.008 gram of type plant energy concentration fertilizer, converts 6 milliliters in water (foliage fertilization, the photosynthetic intensity and the nutrient accumulation of increase spring corn rod three leaves).
Through the above precision fertilizer, not only can protect the internal energy balance of spring maize growth period as adequate nutrition, healthy maize can grow in the late Tuofei absolute phenomenon does not appear to achieve the live shot mature, double output; And compared with conventional fertilization can save 50% than the amount of chemical fertilizer for farmers section of the income for the country save energy, protect the environment and promote sustainable development of agriculture.
Embodiment 3: the new-type cultivation of spring corn, precisely the fertilising and synthetic method for planting, wherein synthetic method for planting is following:
The Tian Gai ridge (is gone back with preceding stubble maize straw 70% in new-type cultivation and accurate fertilising and soil conditioning (transfer to neutrality with nutrition soil pH value then reinstall the alms bowl body), deep ploughing heap ridge (preceding stubble milpa is ploughed deeply 40 centimeters with tractor, ridging: 90 centimeters of row spacings, high 40 centimeters, be convenient to root system and prick deeply), straw-returning lid ridge; Spray stalk with the rotten agent of stalk behind the lid ridge and promote fast rotting; Increase organicly, protect soil, fertile, water, improve the soil, exempt to beat herbicide), north and south starts that (the North and South direction ridging is started; Intensity of illumination with assurance ventilation and penetrating light and excellent three leaves), the balanced dense planting of the capable equivalent of narrow strain of wide row and width (10 centimeters of 30 centimeters of narrow row distances and the balanced dense planting of 90 centimeters equivalent of wide line-spacing, spacing in the rows; Per hectare can be cultivated 166,800 strains), in good time remove that male (the corn pollination finishes in time to castrate, and alleviates the corn top-heavness; The control lodging; Reduce nutrient consumption simultaneously, nutrition supplies excellent three leaves accumulation, promotes full grain) combine together.
Through above-mentioned synthetic method for planting be with new-type cultivation and accurate fertilising start with soil conditioning, deep ploughing heap ridge, straw-returning lid ridge, north and south, the narrow strain of wide row is with the capable equivalent equilibrium of width dense planting, combine together except that hero in good time.Not only making this season corn obtain good quality and high output (compares with traditional fertilization and cultivation method; Quality significantly improves, output is doubled); The more important thing is improve the soil (soil conditioning, deep ploughing heap ridge, straw-returning cover the ridge, increase and execute the functional biological fertilizer); Kind of ground combines with increasing soil fertility, and makes the soil plant more fertile and more fertile, spring corn in coming year high yield more.
Embodiment 4
The new-type cultivation of spring corn, precisely fertilising and comprehensive method of cultivating is characterized in that planting type is:
(1) new-type cultivation:
Comprehensive nutrient body: comprehensive nutrient body layering dress: lowermost layer is that water-loss reducer 0.5 gram/strain, bottom upwards refill the fertile 6 gram/strains of corn tailored version ecological functions BB, nutrition soil, the fertile 2 gram/strains of the top corn tailored version ecological functions BB of being, sowing, blinding, seedling grow to 3 leaves is transplanted to the land for growing field crops; Described nutrition soil is 50% turfy soil or humus soil, 30% sandy loam, the mixing of 20% clay, fragmentation, stirs, and mixes biological organic fertilizer 5 grams again by every strain consumption;
(2) precisely fertilising:
Seed dressing is with every strain 0.006 gram of seed dressing type plant energy concentration fertilizer;
Foliage applying sprays every strain 0.008 gram of type plant energy concentration fertilizer, converts 6 milliliters in water;
The fertile 8 gram/strains of corn tailored version ecological functions BB;
Biological organic fertilizer 5 gram/strains;
(3) synthetic method for planting: with new-type cultivation and accurate fertilising start with soil conditioning, deep ploughing heap ridge, straw-returning lid ridge, north and south, the narrow strain of wide row is with the balanced dense planting of the capable equivalent of width, spray type plant energy concentration fertilizer and combine together except that hero, foliage applying in good time, be useful on the good spring corn kind to reach good quality and high output.
Claims (1)
1. the method for spring corn cultivation, accurate fertilising and comprehensive cultivation is characterized in that planting type is:
(1) new-type cultivation:
Comprehensive nutrient body: comprehensive nutrient body layering dress: lowermost layer be water-loss reducer 0.5 gram/strain, bottom to the upper strata refill the fertile 6 gram/strains of corn tailored version ecological functions BB, nutrition soil, above be the 2 gram/strains of corn tailored version ecological functions BB fertilizer, sowing, blinding, be transplanted to the land for growing field crops; Described nutrition soil is 50% turfy soil or humus soil, 30% sandy loam, the mixing of 20% clay, fragmentation, stirs, and mixes biological organic fertilizer 5 grams again by every strain consumption;
(2) precisely fertilising:
Seed dressing is with every strain 0.006 gram of seed dressing type plant energy concentration fertilizer;
Foliage applying sprays every strain 0.008 gram of type plant energy concentration fertilizer, converts 6 milliliters in water;
The fertile 8 gram/strains of corn tailored version ecological functions BB;
Biological organic fertilizer 5 grams;
(3) synthetic method for planting: with new-type cultivation and accurate fertilising start with soil conditioning, deep ploughing heap ridge, straw-returning lid ridge, north and south, the narrow strain of wide row is with the capable equivalent dense planting of width, spray type plant energy concentration fertilizer and combine together except that hero, foliage applying in good time, be useful on the good spring corn kind to reach good quality and high output;
Described soil conditioning reinstalls trophosome after nutrition soil pH value is transferred to neutrality;
Described deep ploughing heap ridge is 80 centimeters of row spacings, high 40 centimeters;
Described straw-returning lid ridge is that preceding stubble maize straw 70% is gone back the Tian Gai ridge, sprays stalk with the rotten agent of stalk behind the lid ridge;
The capable equivalent dense planting of narrow strain of described wide row and width be narrow row apart from 30 centimeters with 10 centimeters of 90 centimeters equivalent equilibriums of wide line-spacing, spacing in the rows.
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| CN201110060844A CN102138423B (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2011-03-15 | Novel method for cultivating, precisely fertilizing and comprehensively cultivating spring corn |
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| CN201110060844A CN102138423B (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2011-03-15 | Novel method for cultivating, precisely fertilizing and comprehensively cultivating spring corn |
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| CN102138423B true CN102138423B (en) | 2012-09-05 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103999660A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-08-27 | 郎溪县十字镇林华粮食种植家庭农场 | Planting technology of maize with high anti-disaster capacity |
| CN103975742A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-13 | 榆林市土壤肥料工作站 | Planting method for improving yield of aeolian sandy soil spring corns |
| CN104160868A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-11-26 | 蔡汝 | Planting method of organic corn |
| CN106576549A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-04-26 | 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所 | Accurate depth layered application method of summer corn nitrogen phosphorus and potassium fertilizer |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101514133A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2009-08-26 | 吴成祥 | An ecological BB fertilizer |
| CN101747102A (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-06-23 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Dedicated fertilizer for producing green corn and preparation and application method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101747102A (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-06-23 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Dedicated fertilizer for producing green corn and preparation and application method thereof |
| CN101514133A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2009-08-26 | 吴成祥 | An ecological BB fertilizer |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 姜淼等.金正大缓控释肥料在玉米上应用效果研究.《农村实用科技信息》.2010,(第4期),第42页. * |
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Effective date of registration: 20201124 Address after: No.63, group 24, Pingqiao village, Hai'an town, Haian City, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province 226600 Patentee after: Haian Landscaping Co.,Ltd. Address before: Anhui province Chizhou City Jiuhua Road 242800 Qingyang County town of Ling Yang Patentee before: Wu Chengxiang |
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