CN103875491A - Organic fragrant rice planting method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an organic fragrant rice planting method which comprises the four key control steps of fragrant rice seed fertilizer coating processing, seedling growing, seedling transplanting and soil preparation and fertilizing. In the organic fragrant rice planting method, coated fertilizer is used for processing fragrant rice seeds, wherein the ratio between fertilizer and seed coating is 35-50:1. The effects of increasing the seed germination percentage, facilitating seedling growth and improving stress resistance are achieved after fertilizer coating is conducted. In the later period, organic fertilizer made of substance with natural insect-resistant and bacteriostatic activity is used, the dual effects of pesticide and fertilizer are achieved, plant diseases and insect pests are greatly reduced, and the later-period prevention frequency is reduced. In the fragrant rice heading period, leaf fertilizer made of seaweed extract is used for timely supplementing fertilizer needed in the heading period, and the photosynthetic efficiency is increased. The organic fragrant rice planting method has the advantages of being simple, saving time and labor, and obviously improving economical benefits, ecological benefits and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural product production technical field, be specifically related to a kind of implantation methods of organic scented rice.
Background technology
Scented rice has another name called fragrant standing grain rice, fragrant rice, existing plantation when the Western Han Dynastry.The big once reputation of three state Cao " there is good rice in Changsha, upper wind it, hear fragrant for five li ", refer to Jiang Yongyuan mouth scented rice.Wu Tse-tien beginning the Tang Dynasty is classified tribute rice as.Scented rice has multiple nutrients health care, has very high nutritive effect, is the basic food supplementing the nutrients, and the congee that scented rice is made in addition has effect of tonifying spleen, warm stomach, clearing lung-heat; Scented rice good grain quality, polished rice rate 77 five percent, colourless, translucent, smooth glossy, white belly is little, non-waxy, nutritious.Scented rice fragrance is peculiar, and has volatility, when cooking rice mix a little, the soft giving off a strong fragrance of rice, delicate fragrance overflows.The sweet property of scented rice taste is flat, has tonifying spleen, stomach invigorating, and the functions such as clearing lung-heat, are described as " treasure in grain ".Not only meter Xiang of fragrant rice, and dogstail is also fragrant, local farmers is through conventional dogstail equalizing bed, and both the full chamber of delicate fragrance, soft comfortable again, with fragrant straw establishment straw sandals, solid endurable, can control in advance beriberi.Therefore, if do not focus on organic, environmental protection, safety in the process of plantation scented rice, probably cause scented rice to be polluted by environment heavy metal, agricultural chemicals or other harmful substance, and greatly affect the trophic function to human body, therefore, select a kind of safety, effective, organic scented rice implantation methods, and can rationally prevent and treat damage by disease and insect, seem most important.
The plantation of traditional scented rice needs applying pesticides to prevent and treat disease pest and weed, and uses chemical fertilizer and ensure the scented rice needed nutrient of growing.Some technical journals have also been published relevant research article, and we have taken passages following part digest as technical background of the present invention:
1, [autograph] Special Rices " red scented rice " live difference of mechanical spray amount of broadcasting test and spray live efficiency cultivation technology for high [author] Chen Zhongze, Cai Nadan, the high-yield cultivating method in the Shanghai Agricultural science and technology .2011-2 literary composition of agricultural [technology center, Xu Kaihua [mechanism] Cixi City of Zhejiang Province [periodical name] has used the chemical pesticides such as the chemical fertilizer such as carbonic hydroammonium, urea and jinggangmeisu, glyphosate, dichloro quinolinic acid.
2, agrotechnical station, Qianshan County Yuan Tan town, excellent 6326 high-yield culture techniques of the rice matter two of the output THAI Fragrant rice of [autograph] super hybridized rice [author] Chu Quanyuan [mechanism] Anhui Province [periodical name] modern agriculture science and technology 2006(03x): 95-95.In high-yield planting for THAI Fragrant rice in literary composition, use the chemical pesticide of the chemical fertilizer such as urea and pest control and disease.
From above-mentioned document, in agricultural production now, adopt chemical pesticide control damage by disease and insect and the method for using chemical fertilizer to ensure that the output of scented rice is common method.The application of the agrochemicals such as agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer, although made contribution to improving scented rice output, has also brought that scented rice harmful substance exceeds standard simultaneously, the problem such as Quality Down and environmental pollution.Therefore set up the organic grow method of scented rice to promoting scented rice quality, exploitation scented rice is worth, and improves health of people important in inhibiting.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods of organic scented rice, can overcome existing scented rice implantation methods and cause scented rice the Harmful Residue content high, the inferior problem of scented rice.
technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Organic scented rice implantation methods of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) scented rice kind attached bag is fertile processes: select scented rice seed organic or that processed without banned substance, fine day was basked seeds after 3～5 days, adopts coated fertilizer to do kind of dressing or wet kind of dressing to scented rice seed, and seed manure dressing ratio is: 35～50:1.
The conventional seed of selecting organic scented rice seed or processing without banned substance, concrete kind can be: seven osmanthus are sticky or osmanthus is fragrant sticky.Select kind should follow local soil and climatic characteristic, selection damage by disease and insect is had the kind of resistance, in the selection of kind, should take into full account the genetic diversity of cover crop.
The weight of described coated fertilizer consists of: 1～10 part of marine algae extract, and 8～10 parts of potassium breezes, 15～25 parts, rock phosphate, 20～45 parts of cyclodextrin, 5～8 parts of humus, surplus is starch.Starch comprises corn starch, tapioca, potato starch etc.
The preparation method of described coated fertilizer: by potassium breeze and rock phosphate coarse crushing, be ground to 80～100 orders, then add according to the above ratio other component, be crushed to fineness 400～500 orders through airslide disintegrating mill, to obtain final product.
Described marine algae extract preparation method: collect marine algae material, add water, ultrasonication, after making beating, low whipping speed is under 60～80 revs/min, to soak 20～25 days, obtains water extract, suction filtration, dry, pulverize, and to obtain final product.
(2) grow seedlings: seeding and seedling raising after seed treatment, mu sowing 4～6kg, after planting uses plastic mulching, for insulation and maintenance soil moisture content.
(3) shoot transplanting equipment: transplant in the time that rice shoot height is 8～10cm, transplanting time is separated with order, line space is 10～12cm, spacing in the rows is 3～5cm, balled transplanting.
(4) wholely, fertilising: select suitable field, first extensive cultivation one time, using the fertilizer of medicine carrying is 1000～2000kg/ mu for base manure mu at scented rice plantation previous crops; Then in the time that tillering, scented rice imposes 50～100kg/ mu; In the time that scented rice is eared, impose again 50～100kg/ mu, and spray marine alga foliage fertilizer aqua 1～2 time.
Described medicine carrying fertilizer Chinese medicine is fertile, and than being 12～20:80～88, wherein medicine carrying composition comes from natural source material, consists of matrine, Herba Menthae powder, lime, white muscardine fungi, and ratio is 1:5:2:7.
Described matrine is the material that plant kuh-seng (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix) leaf extracts; Herba Menthae powder is the dry powder of wearing into of plant peppermint (Mentha canadensis);
Described white muscardine fungi (Beauveria bassiana) pulvis quality control is: the spore 9,000,000,000/g that on average lives, and allowable fluctuation range 85～12,000,000,000/g, spore germination rate is more than 95%, and moisture is below 3%.
Described fertilizer is the thing that becomes thoroughly decomposed of manioc waste, filter mud of sugarcane, sea grass, chicken manure, skin of beancurd, peanut skin, and its proportion of composing is: 5:5:2:4:3:3; Take according to the above ratio rear mixing, become thoroughly decomposed, be dried, pulverize, to obtain final product.
Described medicine carrying preparation method of organic fertilizer is: after natural source farm chemical ingredients is mixed in proportion, mix with fertilizer again, pulverize granulation and get final product.
Described marine alga foliage fertilizer preparation method is: marine alga water extract in step (1) is added to chitosan and water, and stirring and dissolving, to obtain final product, and each composition weight ratio is: 30～50 parts of marine alga water extracts, and 2～10 parts of chitosans, water is supplied 100 parts.
Described dry-method coating is: coated fertilizer and natural mineral water are diluted for suspension 1:2～5 in proportion, and concrete grammar is with little watering can, the suspension preparing to be sprayed onto in scented rice kind, and stir on spray limit, limit, until mix thoroughly, then carries out vernalization.
Described wet method dressing is: first by 35～37 DEG C of emerge in worm water vernalization in 24～30 hours for scented rice kind, after the broken chest of seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, dress seed with coated fertilizer, when seed dressing, seed should keep moistening, add after coated fertilizer, stir back and forth, fully mix thoroughly, make it to be evenly attached to the surface of the seed, place seeding and seedling raising after half an hour.
The fertilizer base manure using method of described medicine carrying is: dig in more dry scented rice field the shallow ridges being arranged in parallel, ditch depth is 10～20cm approximately, and medicine carrying fertilizer is applied in ditch, then blinding or mud, poured water after 20 days, approximately 5～10cm of water layer height, after water conservation 5 days, rotary tillage, rakes.
The fertilizer of the described medicine carrying using method of topdressing is: first 3～5 days of rice plant of tillering stage and heading, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields medicine carrying fertilizer, if field has water conservation 7～10 days of water, if field lack of water need to pour water after water conservation.
The spray method of described marine alga foliage fertilizer is: 300～500 times of dilute with waters, and select fine day to execute without rainy day gas blowout, spray and in latter 4 hours, meet rain and fill spray once.
The planting process of organic scented rice meets National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T19630.1～19630.4-2005.
beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, emerge neat, complete, strong.After using seed pelleting fertilizer of the present invention to process scented rice seed pelleting, can obviously improve seed quality, several nutrition compositions wherein not only can provide seed required nutriment, the also tool effect of seed anti-adversity ability that is significantly improved, make it fully absorb organic and other nutrient in soil, scented rice seed after processing, fertilizer conservation is emerged obviously neat, well developed root system.
2, the fertile same use of medicine, damage by disease and insect alleviates.In the process of manure use; select nontoxic, natural pest-resistant Fungicidal substance to apply together with fertilizer underground, in scented rice process of growth, can play a protective role, recurrent rice fulgorid, Pomacea canaliculata, various germ are difficult to encroach on crop; reduce medication number of times, improve quality.
3, the fertile treatment process of scented rice kind attached bag is simple, easy to operate.The coated fertilizer adopting is 400～500 orders, has two kinds of modes of dry method and wet method dressing, simple to operate, easily grasps; Fertilizer conservation processes germination to scented rice seed, survive etc. plays a very good protection.
4, organic fertilizer formula is reasonable, and source is abundant.The fertilizer that in the present invention, organic scented rice plantation is used comes from the processed fertilizer such as cassava, sugarcane of Guangxi establishing in large scale, and raw material is easy to get, easy to process.
5, fertilizer obviously improves scented rice growing way, balanced in nutrition.In this fertilizer, contain sea grass and soybean peanut waste material waste residue, be rich in nitrogen-fixing microorganism, make spontaneous nitrogenous fertilizer abundance in soil, not de-fertile within whole vegetative period, grow fine.
6, scented rice blade is black green, and photosynthesis is strong.The spraying of use marine algae extract, can improve the absorption of scented rice blade for various nutrient elements, and as potassium, boron etc., blade growing way is good, and color is black green, and the power that absorbs solar energy is strong, and photosynthesis is strong, and synthetic nutrition physical efficiency is high.
7, improve scented rice immunity, high-output stress-resistance.Marine algae extract not only can promote blade Determination of Chlorophyll photosynthesis, can also obviously improve the abilities such as drought resisting Resistant.
8/, promote root system development, absorb nutrient ability and strengthen.
9, scented rice full seed, not plump shell rate is low.
10, scented rice mouthfeel is good, and nutrition content is high.In whole growth cycle, forbidding chemical pesticide and chemical fertilizer, use natural anthelmintic substance and fertilizer completely, and the Macro and microelements containing in fertilizer can be absorbed by crops, promotes quality.
11, effect of increasing production is obvious.With respect to the scented rice of conventional method plantation, the scented rice per mu yield that the inventive method is produced on average improves more than 15%, and yield increase effect is obvious.
Specific embodiment
embodiment 1
Organic scented rice implantation methods of the present invention, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) scented rice kind attached bag is fertile processes: select the osmanthus perfume of processing without banned substance to glue seed, fine day was basked seeds after 3～5 days, by coated fertilizer and natural mineral water 1:5 formulated suspension in proportion, the suspension preparing is sprayed onto in scented rice kind with little watering can, stir on spray limit, limit, until mix thoroughly, then carry out vernalization.
The preparation method of described coated fertilizer: first prepare marine algae extract, collect marine algae material, add water, ultrasonication, after making beating, low whipping speed is under 80 revs/min, to soak 25 days, obtains water extract, suction filtration, dry, pulverize, and to obtain final product; By potassium breeze and rock phosphate coarse crushing, be ground to 80～100 orders, according to marine algae extract 50kg, potassium breeze 90kg, rock phosphate 200kg, cyclodextrin 250kg, humic acid 60kg, corn starch fully mixes after supplying 1000kg, is crushed to fineness 400～500 orders through airslide disintegrating mill, to obtain final product.
(2) grow seedlings: seeding and seedling raising after seed treatment, mu sowing 5kg, after planting uses plastic mulching, for insulation and maintenance soil moisture content.
(3) shoot transplanting equipment: transplant in the time that rice shoot height is 8～10cm, transplanting time is separated with order, line space is 10cm, spacing in the rows is 3cm, balled transplanting.
(4) wholely, fertilising: select suitable field, first extensive cultivation one time, digs in more dry scented rice field the shallow ridges being arranged in parallel, ditch depth is 10～20cm approximately, and medicine carrying fertilizer 2000kg is applied in ditch, and then blinding or mud, poured water after 20 days, approximately 5～10cm of water layer height, water conservation is after 5 days, rotary tillage; First 3～5 days of rice plant of tillering stage and heading, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields respectively medicine carrying fertilizer 100kg, if field has water conservation 7～10 days of water, if field lack of water need to pour water after water conservation; Spray marine alga foliage fertilizer aqua 2 times at heading stage, 300～500 times of dilute with waters, select fine day to execute without rainy day gas blowout, spray and in latter 4 hours, meet rain and fill spray once.
Medicine carrying preparation method of organic fertilizer is: first prepare medicine carrying composition, by matrine, Herba Menthae powder, lime, white muscardine fungi, ratio is that 1:5:2:7 accurately weighs total amount 100kg, mixes rear pulverizing, for subsequent use; Prepare again fertilizer, manioc waste, filter mud of sugarcane, sea grass, chicken manure, skin of beancurd, peanut skin are taken to rear mixing, become thoroughly decomposed, are dried, pulverize by proportion of composing 5:5:2:4:3:3, to obtain final product; Finally natural source farm chemical ingredients is mixed according to 20:80 ratio with fertilizer again, pulverize granulation and get final product.
Wherein the quality control of white muscardine fungi pulvis is: the spore 9,000,000,000/g that on average lives, and allowable fluctuation range 85～12,000,000,000/g, spore germination rate is more than 95%, and moisture is below 3%.
Marine alga foliage fertilizer preparation method is: by 50 parts of marine alga water extracts in step (1), add 30 parts of chitosans, add water and supply 100 parts, fully stirring and dissolving, to obtain final product.
Organic scented rice comparison more solito scented rice plantation field volume increase 16.7% of producing by above inventive embodiments implantation methods, and scented rice is carried out to national sector standard detection, in scented rice, multiple nutrients material is all higher than contrast, and the accurate heavy metal and pesticide remnant that detects of national standard requires all to meet respective standard.
embodiment 2organic scented rice nutrient component of the present invention and the contrast of conventional scented rice nutrient component
Can find out, several important micronutrient levelss of organic scented rice that embodiment 1 implantation methods is produced are all higher than contrast, this is because the active component containing in institute's manure use is more, base fertilizer and topdress use after, can greatly promote the absorption of crop to fertilizer, simultaneously, promote plant cell division, chlorophyll increases, synthetic nutriment increases, and avoid the pollution of other harmful substance to scented rice completely, heavy metal in soil and residue of pesticide are all significantly less than conventional scented rice, good mouthfeel, after edible organic scented rice, can have very great help to the raising of health.
embodiment 3organic scented rice of the present invention in process of growth damage by disease and insect a situation arises
embodiment 4the scented rice outward appearance of organic scented rice implantation methods plantation of the present invention, mouthfeel are significantly better than common scented rice
embodiment 5the sanitary index of the scented rice of organic scented rice implantation methods plantation of the present invention
According to the agricultural industry criteria NY/T419-2007 of the People's Republic of China (PRC), a kind of scented rice of planting of the embodiment of the present invention is detected, result is as shown in the table:
Claims (6)
1. an organic scented rice implantation methods, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) scented rice kind attached bag is fertile processes: select scented rice seed organic or that processed without banned substance, fine day was basked seeds after 3～5 days, adopts coated fertilizer to do kind of dressing or wet kind of dressing to scented rice seed, and seed manure dressing ratio is: 35～50:1;
The weight of described coated fertilizer consists of: 1～10 part of marine algae extract, and 8～10 parts of potassium breezes, 15～25 parts, rock phosphate, 20～45 parts of cyclodextrin, 5～8 parts of humus, surplus is starch;
The preparation method of described coated fertilizer: by potassium breeze and rock phosphate coarse crushing, be ground to 80～100 orders, then add according to the above ratio other component, be crushed to fineness 400～500 orders through airslide disintegrating mill, to obtain final product;
Described marine algae extract preparation method: collect marine algae material, add water, ultrasonication, after making beating, low whipping speed is under 60～80 revs/min, to soak 20～25 days, obtains water extract, suction filtration, dry, pulverize, and to obtain final product;
(2) grow seedlings: seeding and seedling raising after seed treatment, mu sowing 4～6kg, after planting uses plastic mulching, for insulation and maintenance soil moisture content;
(3) shoot transplanting equipment: transplant in the time that rice shoot height is 8～10cm, transplanting time is separated with order, line space is 10～12cm, spacing in the rows is 3～5cm, balled transplanting;
(4) wholely, fertilising: select suitable field, first extensive cultivation one time, using the fertilizer of medicine carrying is 1000～2000kg/ mu for base manure mu at scented rice plantation previous crops; Then in the time that tillering, scented rice imposes 50～100kg/ mu; In the time that scented rice is eared, impose again 50～100kg/ mu, and spray marine alga foliage fertilizer aqua 1～2 time;
Described medicine carrying fertilizer Chinese medicine is fertile, and than being 12～20:80～88, wherein medicine carrying composition comes from natural source material, consists of matrine, Herba Menthae powder, lime, white muscardine fungi, and ratio is 1:5:2:7;
The quality control of described white muscardine fungi pulvis is: the spore 9,000,000,000/g that on average lives, and allowable fluctuation range 85～12,000,000,000/g, spore germination rate is more than 95%, and moisture is below 3%;
Described fertilizer is the thing that becomes thoroughly decomposed of manioc waste, filter mud of sugarcane, sea grass, chicken manure, skin of beancurd, peanut skin, and its proportion of composing is: 5:5:2:4:3:3; Take according to the above ratio rear mixing, become thoroughly decomposed, be dried, pulverize, to obtain final product;
Described medicine carrying preparation method of organic fertilizer is: after natural source farm chemical ingredients is mixed in proportion, mix with fertilizer again, pulverize granulation and get final product;
Described marine alga foliage fertilizer preparation method is: marine alga water extract in step (1) is added to chitosan and water, and stirring and dissolving, to obtain final product; Each composition weight ratio is: 30～50 parts of marine alga water extracts, and 2～10 parts of chitosans, surplus is water.
2. the organic scented rice implantation methods of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described dry-method coating is: coated fertilizer and natural mineral water are diluted for suspension 1:2～5 in proportion, concrete grammar is with little watering can, the suspension preparing to be sprayed onto in scented rice kind, stir on spray limit, limit, until mix thoroughly, then carry out vernalization.
3. the organic scented rice implantation methods of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described wet method dressing is: first by the vernalization in 24～30 hours of 35～37 DEG C of emerge in worm water of scented rice kind, after the broken chest of seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, dress seed with coated fertilizer, when seed dressing, seed should keep moistening, adds after coated fertilizer, stir back and forth, fully mix thoroughly, make it to be evenly attached to the surface of the seed, place seeding and seedling raising after half an hour.
4. the organic scented rice implantation methods of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fertilizer base manure using method of described medicine carrying is: dig in more dry scented rice field the shallow ridges being arranged in parallel, ditch depth is 10～20cm approximately, medicine carrying fertilizer is applied in ditch, and then blinding or mud, poured water after 20 days, approximately 5～10cm of water layer height, after water conservation 5 days, rotary tillage, rakes.
5. the organic scented rice implantation methods of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fertilizer of the described medicine carrying using method of topdressing is: first 3～5 days of rice plant of tillering stage and heading, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields medicine carrying fertilizer, if field has water conservation 7～10 days of water, if field lack of water need to pour water after water conservation.
6. according to the organic scented rice implantation methods of the one described in claims 1, it is characterized in that: the spray method of described marine alga foliage fertilizer is: 300～500 times of dilute with waters, select fine day to execute without rainy day gas blowout, spray and in latter 4 hours, meet rain and fill spray once.
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| CN104350904A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-02-18 | 东北师范大学 | Method for increasing heading number of leymus chinensis by summer fertilization |
| CN104982272A (en) * | 2015-06-14 | 2015-10-21 | 安徽徽大农业有限公司 | Rice planting technology with strong disaster-resistance ability |
| CN104996919A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-28 | 广西金花茶业有限公司 | Jasmine flower and mulberry leaf fragrant rice processing method |
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| CN108424234A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-08-21 | 佛山市三水区嘉信农业技术研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of bitter buckwheat inoculation method rich in various trace elements |
| CN110720365A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-24 | 博白县农业技术推广中心 | High-quality rice planting method |
| CN111837844A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 海南神农科技股份有限公司 | Temperature-sensitive rice cultivation method |
| CN115380786A (en) * | 2022-10-29 | 2022-11-25 | 云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | Planting method for increasing flavor of Yunju No. 37 rice |
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| CN108424234A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-08-21 | 佛山市三水区嘉信农业技术研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of bitter buckwheat inoculation method rich in various trace elements |
| CN110720365A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-24 | 博白县农业技术推广中心 | High-quality rice planting method |
| CN111837844A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 海南神农科技股份有限公司 | Temperature-sensitive rice cultivation method |
| CN111837844B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-04-01 | 海南神农科技股份有限公司 | Temperature-sensitive rice cultivation method |
| CN115380786A (en) * | 2022-10-29 | 2022-11-25 | 云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | Planting method for increasing flavor of Yunju No. 37 rice |
| CN115380786B (en) * | 2022-10-29 | 2023-03-17 | 云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | Planting method for increasing flavor of Yujing No. 37 rice |
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