CN105191639A - High-yield cultivation method for interplanting corn in garlic stub land - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-yield cultivation method for interplanting corn in a garlic stub land and relates to the technical field of crop planting. The high-yield cultivation method for interplanting corn in the garlic stub land comprises the following specific steps: selection of variety, seed treatment, selection and preparation of land, basal dressing, timely seeding, nutrient and water management and timely harvesting. By adopting a garlic and corn interplanting cultivation method, allicin is utilized as a seed coating agent, occurrence of corn diseases and pests is prevented, use of chemical pesticides is reduced, and further ecological environment is protected; the method disclosed by the invention is simple, has the advantages of low cost, high yield, convenience in management and the like, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.

Description

A kind of method of garlic stub land interplanting corn high-yield culturing

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, particularly a kind of method of garlic stub land interplanting corn high-yield culturing.

Background content

Along with agricultural production is by the progressively conversion of resource-hungry to technical benefits type, intercropping becomes the important means improving land resources utilization rate.Intercropping and interplanting selects the crop of morphological feature and Growing Characters corresponding complementary, makes full use of water and soil sunlight-heat reaources, unit are obtains the feature of higher yield, culture fertility, reduces and drops into, and increases output.Folk music, Huating purple garlic are Gansu Province's processing garlic main breed, and feature is that quality spy is excellent, and cultivation history is long, and cultivated area is large.In garlic producing region, Gansu, traditional single cropping pattern is still followed in a lot of place for a long time, constrains the yield and quality of garlic corn.In recent years, along with the iterative method of scientic planting, define a kind of garlic and corn intercrop is interplanted, but because cropping pattern selection is improper, planting technology is lack of standardization, Variety comprehensive lacks, seed pelleting quality does not pass a test, rough dwarf disease morbidity is serious, precipitation is uneven, excessively uses nitrogen, and organic manure application rate is on the low side, trace element fertilizer shortage etc., cause the situations such as the prosperous length of corn, Later growth lodge, utilization rate of fertilizer is low, also make purple garlic deterioration of variety simultaneously, yield poorly, deficiency in economic performance, had a strong impact on the development that Gansu garlic produces.Therefore to the research of garlic intercropping maize high-yield culture technique, open up new way for garlic farmers increase income there is far reaching significance.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of garlic stub land interplanting corn high-yield culturing, the method increase Garlic yield and quality, increase the economic benefit of garlic farmers.

The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:

A method for garlic stub land interplanting corn high-yield culturing, concrete operation step is as follows:

1, the selection of kind:

Corn variety: select that grain is large, full, the crossbreed seed of tool breediness makes seed, removing scab grain, worm food grain, broken kernel, mixes grain and impurity.；

Garlic cultivar: conventional purple garlic cultivar;

2, seed treatment:

Corn seed process: adopt corn seed-dressing agent special to carry out dressing, makes seed coat agent form homogeneous film at corn seed skin, sows after outer covering of the seed medicine film (planting clothing film) cure hard again.Promote corn growth, reduce the incidence of disease of rough dwarf disease;

Garlic seed treatment:

1. press garlic clove size class before sowing, select look just, the stout and strong large lobe of bud is as garlic kind;

2. seed soaks: be soak preferred garlic kind in 10%, 20%, 30%, 50% allicin extract respectively at concentration, and soak 1 ~ 1.5h, after taking out, distilled water drip washing 3 ~ 5 times, dries for subsequent use naturally at every turn;

3, selection of land wholely

Select fertile, soil layer is deep, loose, excessively drained field, in time removes root stubble after previous crops results, deep ploughing is in time suned the earth which has been ploughed up, and autumn, combinations was ploughed deeply, and eliminates worm's ovum of surviving the winter, and fills with sufficient winter water; Before early sowing in spring in time shallow plowing rake a kind of farm tools, make that grogs is in small, broken bits, soil is soft, Land leveling, topsoil are steady and sure;

4, apply fertilizer to the subsoil

Full field execute animal excrements and discarded plant particle mix fertile 5500kg/ mu, urea 400kg/ mu, fertilizer buries with ploughing, and by thin for soil rake leveling, rainy easy flood ground should do high furrow;

5, begin sowing in good time

Garlic was sowed when late August to early September, and sowing depth is 10 ~ 12cm, spacing in the rows 10 ~ 15cm every mu of 3800 ~ 4000 strains; Corn seeding: the sowing time is mid or late April, use precise sower carry out program request, select upper season garlic row band, spread manuer in holes, cave distance 28 ~ 30cm, dark 1 ~ 5cm, 1 ~ 2, every cave distance between rows and hills 27.0cm × about 14.2cm, thickness of sowing is at 67000 ~ 77000 plants/acre;

6, rich water quality management

Purity nitrogen 17.0kg, phosphorus pentoxide 5.5kg are executed in complete every mu, the field of corn, farmyard manure 10.0kg, each 10kg of compounding application potassium, zinc fertilizer; Nitrogenous fertilizer 50kg; Method of application, row dry one 50cm dressing furrow in the middle of two row corn belts, plowed by soil flat after fertilizer applies; Garlic performs the management of three water one fertilizer, purple garlic special bio mixed organic manure, respectively executes once at purple garlic seedling stage, garlic stems elongating stage, head of garlic expanding stage; Each 100kg/ mu; Water starch management: accomplish that shallow water transplants seedlings, deep water seedling-protection, thin moisture tiller, enough seedling dry fields, booting stage to full heading time can not lack of water, and grouting later stage intermittent irrigation, gather in front 7 ~ 10d stopping and watering;

7, gather in the crops

Early June excavates garlic; Results after corn is fully ripe.

In sum, owing to have employed technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1, the interplanting of garlic and corn, utilizes vegetative period different separately, makes full use of the time and space staggered, and avoids that interrow crop strives water, strives fertilizer, the contradiction such as win honour for, thus win-win progress, jointly reach high yield.

2, garlic produces allicin and mixes clothing agent as garlic seed, prevents the generation of Corn diseases and insect pests, while minimizing chemical pesticide uses, protects ecotope; And the inventive method is simple, has the advantages such as cost is low, recovery rate is high, convenient management, be applicable to large-scale promotion application.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

A method for garlic stub land interplanting corn high-yield culturing, concrete operation step is as follows:

1, the selection of kind:

Garlic selects the purple garlic with 5 lobes, and vegetative period is 220 days; Corn selects be 90 days common varieties vegetative period;

2, seed treatment:

Corn seed process: adopt corn seed-dressing agent special to carry out dressing, makes seed coat agent form homogeneous film at corn seed skin, sows after outer covering of the seed medicine film (planting clothing film) cure hard again;

Garlic seed treatment:

1. press garlic clove size class before sowing, select look just, the stout and strong large lobe of bud is as garlic kind;

2. seed soaks: be soak preferred garlic kind in 10%, 20%, 30%, 50% allicin extract respectively at concentration, and soak 1h, after taking out, distilled water drip washing 3 times, dries for subsequent use naturally at every turn;

3, selection of land wholely

Select fertile, soil layer is deep, loose, excessively drained field, in time removes root stubble after previous crops results, deep ploughing is in time suned the earth which has been ploughed up, and autumn, combinations was ploughed deeply, and eliminates worm's ovum of surviving the winter, and fills with sufficient winter water; Before early sowing in spring in time shallow plowing rake a kind of farm tools, make that grogs is in small, broken bits, soil is soft, Land leveling, topsoil are steady and sure;

4, apply fertilizer to the subsoil

Full field execute animal excrements and discarded plant particle mix fertile 5500kg/ mu, urea 400kg/ mu, fertilizer buries with ploughing, and by thin for soil rake leveling, rainy easy flood ground should do high furrow;

5, begin sowing in good time

Garlic was sowed when late August to early September, and sowing depth is 10cm, spacing in the rows 10cm every mu 3800 strain; Corn seeding: the sowing time is mid or late April, use precise sower to carry out program request, select upper season garlic row band, spread manuer in holes, cave apart from 28cm, dark 1.5cm, 2, every cave, sows: 67000 plants/acre;

6, rich water quality management

Purity nitrogen 17.0kg, phosphorus pentoxide 5.5kg are executed in complete every mu, the field of corn, farmyard manure 10.0kg, each 10kg of compounding application potassium, zinc fertilizer; Nitrogenous fertilizer 50kg; Method of application, row dry one 50cm dressing furrow in the middle of two row corn belts, plowed by soil flat after fertilizer applies; Garlic performs the management of three water one fertilizer, purple garlic special bio mixed organic manure, respectively executes once at purple garlic seedling stage, garlic stems elongating stage, head of garlic expanding stage; Each 100kg/ mu; Water starch management: accomplish that shallow water transplants seedlings, deep water seedling-protection, thin moisture tiller, enough seedling dry fields, booting stage to full heading time can not lack of water, grouting later stage intermittent irrigation, and before harvesting, 7d stops watering;

7, gather in the crops

Early June excavates garlic; Results after corn is fully ripe.

Implementation result

Purple garlic high-yield culture technique demonstration area, Huating County, Pingliang, Gansu Province, this demonstration area is positioned at Eastern Gansu Province, closes Shan Donglu, be located in the zone of transition in Liu Pan Shan fold belt and loess plateau, east, domestic beam loess hills rises and falls, hills and mountains are winding, mean sea level 1300 meters belongs to loess hilly-gully region, temperate zone wettability weather, and arable soil is typical yellow earth.

The comparative trial that different planting types affects raise crop yield and quality has been carried out in demonstration area.Different disposal is established in test, is respectively nonoculture garlic (A), sole maize (B), corn garlic intercropping and interplanting (C), and contrast different planting, on the impact of the Growth period traits of corn, garlic, output, quality.

Measure (see table 1) the indices of the large garlic stems phase of the different planting of test region, overlap the bolting rate dealt with and exceed 15.1% than nonoculture, the quality of garlic stems exceeds 50%, and garlic stems grows tall out 8.0%.

Table 1 different planting garlic bolting rate and garlic stems output statistics (kg/ mu)

Compared for the yield index of crop of different planting after cultivation result, Interplanting maize than the corn yield increasing 28.14% of nonoculture, garlic stems volume increase 48.21%, head of garlic volume increase 14.89%.

Table 2 different planting is to the effect (kg/ mu) of two kinds of crop yields

Claims (1)

1. a method for garlic stub land interplanting corn high-yield culturing, is characterized in that: concrete operation step is as follows:

1), the selection of kind:

Corn variety: select that grain is large, full, the crossbreed seed of tool breediness makes seed, removing scab grain, worm food grain, broken kernel, mixes grain and impurity;

Garlic cultivar: conventional purple garlic cultivar;

2), seed treatment:

Corn seed process: adopt corn seed-dressing agent special to carry out dressing, makes seed coat agent form homogeneous film at corn seed skin, sows after outer covering of the seed medicine film (planting clothing film) cure hard again.Promote corn growth, reduce the incidence of disease of rough dwarf disease;

Garlic seed treatment:

1. press garlic clove size class before sowing, select look just, the stout and strong large lobe of bud is as garlic kind;

2. seed soaks: be soak preferred garlic kind in 10%, 20%, 30%, 50% allicin extract respectively at concentration, and soak 1 ~ 1.5h, after taking out, distilled water drip washing 3 ~ 5 times, dries for subsequent use naturally at every turn;

3), selection of land wholely

Select fertile, soil layer is deep, loose, excessively drained field, in time removes root stubble after previous crops results, deep ploughing is in time suned the earth which has been ploughed up, and autumn, combinations was ploughed deeply, and eliminates worm's ovum of surviving the winter, and fills with sufficient winter water; Before early sowing in spring in time shallow plowing rake a kind of farm tools, make that grogs is in small, broken bits, soil is soft, Land leveling, topsoil are steady and sure;

4), apply fertilizer to the subsoil

Full field execute animal excrements and discarded plant particle mix fertile 5500kg/ mu, urea 400kg/ mu, fertilizer buries with ploughing, and by thin for soil rake leveling, rainy easy flood ground should do high furrow;

5), begin sowing in good time

Garlic was sowed when late August to early September, and sowing depth is 10 ~ 12cm, spacing in the rows 10 ~ 15cm every mu of 3800 ~ 4000 strains; Corn seeding: the sowing time is mid or late April, use precise sower carry out program request, select upper season garlic row band, spread manuer in holes, cave distance 28 ~ 30cm, dark 1 ~ 5cm, 1 ~ 2, every cave distance between rows and hills 27.0cm × about 14.2cm, thickness of sowing is 67000 ~ 77000 plants/acre;

6), rich water quality management

Purity nitrogen 17.0kg, phosphorus pentoxide 5.5kg are executed in complete every mu, the field of corn, farmyard manure 10.0kg, each 10kg of compounding application potassium, zinc fertilizer; Nitrogenous fertilizer 50kg; Method of application, row dry one 50cm dressing furrow in the middle of two row corn belts, plowed by soil flat after fertilizer applies; Garlic performs the management of three water one fertilizer, purple garlic special bio mixed organic manure, respectively executes once at purple garlic seedling stage, garlic stems elongating stage, head of garlic expanding stage; Each 100kg/ mu; Water starch management: accomplish that shallow water transplants seedlings, deep water seedling-protection, thin moisture tiller, enough seedling dry fields, booting stage to full heading time can not lack of water, and grouting later stage intermittent irrigation, gather in front 7 ~ 10d stopping and watering;

7), gather in the crops

Early June excavates garlic; Results after corn is fully ripe.