CN102992825A - Mulberry-twig-type functional culture medium for potted flowers - Google Patents
Mulberry-twig-type functional culture medium for potted flowers Download PDFInfo
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- CN102992825A CN102992825A CN2012103835865A CN201210383586A CN102992825A CN 102992825 A CN102992825 A CN 102992825A CN 2012103835865 A CN2012103835865 A CN 2012103835865A CN 201210383586 A CN201210383586 A CN 201210383586A CN 102992825 A CN102992825 A CN 102992825A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mulberry-twig-type functional culture medium for potted flowers. The mulberry-twig-type functional culture medium consists of mulberry twig dices, silkworm droppings, peanut shells, ceramsite, a slow-release fertilizer and complex microbial inoculants, wherein the volume ratio of the mulberry twig dices to the silkworm droppings to the peanut shells to the ceramsite is (5-7):(1-2):(1-2):(1-2), the use level of the slow-release fertilizer is 1-2g/L, and the user level of the complex microbial inoculants is 20-30g/L. The culture medium disclosed by the invention is good in loosening air-permeability, heat-insulation and moisture-retention property and fertilizer-maintenance controlled-release property, has certain disease resistance, and can be used to obviously improve the yield and quality of the potted flowers. In addition, the mulberry twigs are used to replace natural peat soil for culturing the potted flowers, so that not only is waste turned into wealth and the effect of improving the economic benefits for silkworm breeding and mulberry growing as well as potted flower production achieved, but also great significance is achieved for protecting the natural peat soil resources and the wetland ecological environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soilless culture substrate, specifically, relate to a kind of functional potted flower culture matrix with ramulus mori preparation and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Flower ﹠ Plant trade Industry is rapid in recent years, and particularly potted flower produces especially great-leap-forward development; Because current potted flower produces most soilless culture (substrate culture) technology that adopt, and has therefore driven a large amount of uses of matrix (import and domestic).
Peat soil is a kind of important cultivation matrix in the flowers substrate culture, service condition from annual flowers matrix, peat soil is the matrix (year consumption account for whole flower culture matrix total amount 1/3rd) of the most frequently used in the flower culture, maximum, and take import peat as main (year consumption is two times of domestic peat soil); At present, high-grade potted flower and grow seedlings and adopt the cultivation that becomes more meticulous of import peat with matrix great majority; Only have the showy flowers of herbaceous plants and part foliage plants just to use domestic peat soil as cultivation matrix.Nutraceutical matrix and part mushroom slag are mainly cut the matrix of improving the soil of the flower soil cultivations such as leaf as ornamental plantation nursery stock, cut-flower.
Because import peat is high more a lot of than the price of domestic peat soil, this is for common potted flower substrate culture, use import peat just to have the problem of an expensive low output, so production of flowers and plants person often just adopts domestic peat soil or other cheap matrix (mushroom slag etc.) to replace, but the quality product of producing like this and the market competitiveness can be relatively poor.
Along with developing rapidly and the gradually enhancing of people's environmental protection consciousness of the industry of flowers and plants, market is more and more higher to the specification of quality of flowers product, and then also increasing to the demand of high-quality culture medium.Flower growth is grown with its cultivation matrix close relationship, and selecting suitable cultivation matrix is the key of flower culture success or not.Along with industry of flowers and plants modernization development, increasing flowers enterprise utilizes artificial substratum (cultivation medium of artificial preparation is such as synthetic substrate, nutraceutical matrix, dedicated substrate etc.) to carry out the flowers High-efficient Production.With respect to nature culture, artificial substratum possesses lot of advantages: it can control nutrient more effectively, coordinates the supply of liquid manure gas heat; Its composition is simple, is convenient to sterilization, also can reduce plant pest etc.These advantages of artificial substratum can improve output and the quality of flower plant significantly.Using artificial matrix is the inexorable trend of the following production of flowers and plants.The artificial substratum kind of the flowers enterprise development in the whole nation is more and more abundanter now, realizes that the flower plant kind of artificial substratum cultivation is also more and more; Many traditional flower-growers also begin to promote artificial substratum one after another, and the facility production of flowers and plants can estimate that just with swift and violent speed development the consumption of artificial substratum is also with synchronized development; Following potted flower matrix will be occupied an leading position with artificial substratum.Because the peat soil resource is fewer and feweri, so should take full advantage of waste material (ramulus mori etc.) and development of new substrate material, is processed into artificial substratum through science, to satisfy the needs of Flower ﹠ Plant trade Industry.
Substrate culture is the direction of from now on soilless culture of flowers development, and flowers producing region, various places is all strengthened the matrix that result of use is good, cost is low, can gather materials on the spot is researched and developed at present.The byproduct of the wood-working factory such as wooden chaff is more on the south the Changjiang river, studies the reasonable use of wooden chaff, mallee bark etc. more; The North China adds strong slag, and cooperates the matrix such as the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, sawdust to mix the research of using; The Northeast's peat composed of rotten mosses aboundresources is is manyly researched and developed cheap matrix such as the peats composed of rotten mosses.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the functional potted flower culture matrix of a kind of ramulus mori type and preparation method.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The functional potted flower culture matrix of a kind of ramulus mori type, comprise ramulus mori grain, silkworm excrement, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, haydite, slow-release fertilizer and composite fungus agent, wherein the volume ratio of ramulus mori grain, silkworm excrement, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae and haydite is 5～7:1～2:1～2:1～2, the consumption of slow-release fertilizer is 1～2g/L, and the consumption of composite fungus agent is 20～30g/L;
Described composite fungus agent is comprised of actinomycetes, subtilis, bacillus megaterium, candidiasis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida utilis bacterium and trichoderma viride.
Described composite fungus agent is prepared by following steps: the single bacterium colony of picking 5406 actinomycetes adds in the Gause I liquid nutrient medium; The picking subtilis, the single bacterium colony of bacillus megaterium adds respectively in the beef extract-peptone liquid nutrient medium; The picking viride, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, candiyeast, Candida utilis list bacterium colony adds respectively in the PDA liquid nutrient medium; At 150rmin
-1, 28 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation 72h, each bacterium liquid makes composite fungus agent in equal-volume ratio mixing.
The granularity of described ramulus mori is 1～3cm.
The granularity of described Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae is 1～3cm.
The particle diameter of described haydite is 1～1.5cm.
The preparation method of the functional potted flower culture matrix of ramulus mori type comprises the steps:
(1) pre-treatment of ramulus mori: after fresh mulberry branch carried out mechanical disintegration, sieve, making granularity is the ramulus mori grain of 1～3cm, add the moisture of 50～60wt% after, 25～35 ℃ of aerobic stack rettings 15 ~ 20 days, air-dry for subsequent use;
(2) pre-treatment of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae: Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae is broken, sieve, make the granularity of 1～3cm; Then added 25～35 ℃ of stack rettings of 1～2wt% Wingdale 10～15 days, air-dry for subsequent use;
(3) the stack retting pre-treatment of silkworm excrement: get fresh silkworm excrement, add the moisture of 40～50wt% after, 25～35 ℃ of aerobic stack rettings 20 ~ 25 days, air-dry for subsequent use;
(4) preparation of composite fungus agent: the single bacterium colony of picking 5406 actinomycetes adds in the Gause I liquid nutrient medium; The picking subtilis, the single bacterium colony of bacillus megaterium adds respectively in the beef extract-peptone liquid nutrient medium; The picking viride, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, candiyeast, Candida utilis list bacterium colony adds respectively in the PDA liquid nutrient medium; At 150rmin
-1, 28 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation 72h, each bacterium liquid makes composite fungus agent in equal-volume ratio mixing;
(5) composite: as, ramulus mori grain, silkworm excrement, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, haydite, slow-release fertilizer and composite fungus agent to be mixed the air-dry functional potted flower culture matrix of ramulus mori type that namely gets in the prescription ratio.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The technique of matrix of the present invention is simple, cost is low, weak point consuming time, and the gained cultivation matrix has good loose ventilation property, heat and moisture preserving and fertilizer conservation controlled capability, and has certain disease resistance, can improve significantly output and the quality of potted flower, increases economic benefit:
(1) silkworm excrement is the surplus silkworm and mulberry of the solid manure of larva discharging of silkworm in the sericulture process and food and the general designation of the bedding and padding in the silkworm rearing bed, contain abundant nutritive substance and a small amount of plant growth physiological regulation agent, organic content 77.7%～81.2% in the dry-matter, nitrogenous (N) 3%, phosphorus (P2O5) 1%, potassium (K2O) 3.5% and other trace elements, also be a kind of good organic substrate source, can provide necessary organic fertilizer for flower growth.Mixed-matrix also adds slow-release fertilizer, by slowly releasing the required nutritive element of growth and development of plants after the absorption of ramulus mori type matrix absorption;
(2) aromatoising substance that contains in the ramulus mori and a small amount of plant growth physiological regulation agent not only can promote the growth of root system of plant but also can reduce the generation of plant pest.Mixed-matrix also adds composite fungus agent, by forming certain dominant bacteria after the absorption of ramulus mori type matrix absorption, pathogenic bacteria being formed certain antagonistic action, can more effectively prevent the disease (particularly blight) of potted flower;
(3) replace natural peat soil to carry out potted flower culture with ramulus mori, not only have the effect of turning waste into wealth, improving silkworm and mulberry production and potted flower production economy benefit, and significant to protection natural peat soil resource and Wetland Environment.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment, but be not limited to this.Used unit " part " all refers to " parts by volume " in following examples.The waste that used ramulus mori and silkworm excrement are sericulture in following examples, can or breed silkworms from each silkworm and mulberry base to buy obtains; Other raw materials all can be bought from raw materials market if no special instructions and obtain.
Embodiment 1The prescription 1 of the functional potted flower culture matrix of ramulus mori type
50 parts of ramulus mori grains, 20 parts of silkworm excrements, 20 parts of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeaes, 10 parts of haydites, slow-release fertilizer 2g/L, composite fungus agent 20g/L.
Embodiment 2The prescription 2 of the functional potted flower culture matrix of ramulus mori type
60 parts of ramulus mori grains, 10 parts of silkworm excrements, 10 parts of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeaes, 20 parts of haydites, slow-release fertilizer 1.5g/L, composite fungus agent 25g/L.
Embodiment 3The prescription 3 of the functional potted flower culture matrix of ramulus mori type
70 parts of ramulus mori grains, 10 parts of silkworm excrements, 10 parts of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeaes, 10 parts of haydites, slow-release fertilizer 1g/L, composite fungus agent 30g/L.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of the functional potted flower culture matrix of ramulus mori type of embodiment 1～3 comprises the steps:
(1) pre-treatment of ramulus mori: after fresh mulberry branch carried out mechanical disintegration, sieve, making granularity is the ramulus mori grain of 1～3cm, add the moisture of 50～60wt% after, 25～35 ℃ of aerobic stack rettings 15 ~ 20 days.
(2) pre-treatment of silkworm excrement: get fresh silkworm excrement (the silkworm faeces proportion is lower than 50wt%, if when the silkworm faeces ratio is higher than 50wt%, can mixes an amount of wooden chaff and regulate), add the moisture of 40～50wt% after, 25～35 ℃ of aerobic stack rettings 20～25 days.
(3) pre-treatment of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae: first Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae is crushed and process and sieve and make the component that granularity is 1～3cm, then add Wingdale 1～2wt%(and both accelerated corruption, increase again calcareous) 25 ~ 35 ℃ of high-temperature aerobic stack rettings are 10～15 days, and are air-dry for subsequent use.
(4) slow-release fertilizer: embodiment 1～3 used slow-release fertilizer is the reinforced high K long-acting fertilizer (N-P that German Kang Piao (COMPA) company produces
2O
5-K
2O=11-9-19).
(5) preparation method of composite fungus agent: 1 single bacterium colony of picking 5406 actinomycetes adds in the 100ml Gause I liquid nutrient medium; The picking subtilis, each 1 single bacterium colony of bacillus megaterium adds respectively in the 100ml beef extract-peptone liquid nutrient medium; The picking viride, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, candiyeast, each 1 single bacterium colony of Candida utilis adds respectively in the 100ml PDA liquid nutrient medium; At 150rmin
-1, 28 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation 72h, each bacterium liquid makes composite fungus agent in equal-volume ratio mixing.
(6) composite: respectively in the prescription ratio of embodiment 1～3 with above-mentioned each raw material mix, air-dry, packing, namely get the functional potted flower culture matrix of ramulus mori type.
Before plantation, above-mentioned cultivation matrix added about 50～70%(v/v) water and make cultivation matrix fully drenched, namely can be used for the soilless culture of potted flower.
Application experiment:
One, the comparison of the cultivation matrix of the embodiment of the invention 1～3 and general goods substrate culture Chinese cymbidium
Test method:The basin device is with the black plastic basin of bore 15 cm, and various matrix are packed in the plastic tub, then biennial blue seedling carried out upper potted plant training, every basin kind 2 young plants, and each processes kind of 15 basins (every kind of 5 basins that repeat of every processing repeat 3 times).Plantation is in the plastic greenhouse of shading behind the upper basin, and duration of test adopts unified rich water quality management to blue seedling.Experimental result sees Table 1.
From test result analysis: the equal contrast matrix of cultivation effect that contains cultivation matrix 1-3 of the present invention is good, wherein the plant height of cultivation matrix 2, the number of blade, plant division number, head footpath rugosity, become the Growth and development indexes such as flower rate, single Zhi Huaduo number all to be significantly higher than contrast matrix.
Two, the comparison of the cultivation matrix of the embodiment of the invention 1～3 and the general goods substrate culture stem of noble dendrobium
Test method:The basin device is with the black plastic frame of 30*50cm, and various matrix are packed in the frame of plastic, then the dendrobium seedling carried out growing nursery and culture, 20 clumps of every frame kind seedlings (every clump of 3 strains), and each processes kind of 4 frames (every kind of 1 frame that repeats of every processing repeats 4 times).Plantation is in the plastic greenhouse of shading behind the upper basin, and duration of test adopts unified rich water quality management to blue seedling.Experimental result sees Table 2.
From test result analysis: the equal contrast matrix of cultivation effect that contains cultivation matrix 1～3 of the present invention is good, and wherein the growth indexes such as wide, stem rugosity of the plant height of cultivation matrix 3, the number of blade, plant division number, leaf all is significantly higher than contrast matrix.
Only for introducing preferred case of the present invention, to those skilled in the art, any apparent changes and improvements of carrying out in the scope that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention all should be regarded as a part of the present invention to above embodiment.
Claims (6)
1. functional potted flower culture matrix of ramulus mori type, comprise ramulus mori grain, silkworm excrement, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, haydite, slow-release fertilizer and composite fungus agent, wherein the volume ratio of ramulus mori grain, silkworm excrement, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae and haydite is 5～7:1～2:1～2:1～2, the consumption of slow-release fertilizer is 1～2g/L, and the consumption of composite fungus agent is 20～30g/L;
Described composite fungus agent is comprised of actinomycetes, subtilis, bacillus megaterium, candidiasis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida utilis bacterium and trichoderma viride.
2. cultivation matrix according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described composite fungus agent is prepared by following steps: the single bacterium colony of picking 5406 actinomycetes adds in the Gause I liquid nutrient medium; The picking subtilis, the single bacterium colony of bacillus megaterium adds respectively in the beef extract-peptone liquid nutrient medium; The picking viride, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, candiyeast, Candida utilis list bacterium colony adds respectively in the PDA liquid nutrient medium; At 150rmin
-1, 28 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation 72h, each bacterium liquid makes composite fungus agent in equal-volume ratio mixing.
3. cultivation matrix according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the granularity of described ramulus mori is 1～3cm.
4. cultivation matrix according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the granularity of described Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae is 1～3cm.
5. cultivation matrix according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described haydite is 1～1.5cm.
6. the preparation method of the described cultivation matrix of claim 1 comprises the steps:
(1) pre-treatment of ramulus mori: after fresh mulberry branch carried out mechanical disintegration, sieve, making granularity is the ramulus mori grain of 1～3cm, add the moisture of 50～60wt% after, 25～35 ℃ of aerobic stack rettings 15 ~ 20 days, air-dry for subsequent use;
(2) pre-treatment of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae: Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae is broken, sieve, make the granularity of 1～3cm; Then added 25～35 ℃ of stack rettings of 1～2wt% Wingdale 10～15 days, air-dry for subsequent use;
(3) the stack retting pre-treatment of silkworm excrement: get fresh silkworm excrement, add the moisture of 40～50wt% after, 25～35 ℃ of aerobic stack rettings 20 ~ 25 days, air-dry for subsequent use;
(4) preparation of composite fungus agent: the single bacterium colony of picking 5406 actinomycetes adds in the Gause I liquid nutrient medium; The picking subtilis, the single bacterium colony of bacillus megaterium adds respectively in the beef extract-peptone liquid nutrient medium; The picking viride, yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, candiyeast, Candida utilis list bacterium colony adds respectively in the PDA liquid nutrient medium; At 150rmin
-1, 28 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation 72h, each bacterium liquid makes composite fungus agent in equal-volume ratio mixing;
(5) composite: as, ramulus mori grain, silkworm excrement, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, haydite, slow-release fertilizer and composite fungus agent to be mixed the air-dry functional potted flower culture matrix of ramulus mori type that namely gets in the prescription ratio.
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| CN104355863A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-02-18 | 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所 | Bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104387208A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-04 | 广西平果利华茧丝绸有限公司 | Method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer with stems and leaves of mulberry trees as main raw materials |
| CN104402574A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-03-11 | 六安市绿都园林绿化有限责任公司 | Slow release fertilizer for jasmine plantation and preparation method thereof |
| CN104904452A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-09-16 | 广西宜州市宜源桑杆菌业有限公司 | Gynostemmapentaphylla planting method |
| CN105766592A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-07-20 | 覃伟 | Planting matrix for artificial planting of Caulis Dendrobii and preparation method thereof |
| CN105766591A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-20 | 广西智宝科技有限公司 | Dendrobium officinale culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN105850682A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-08-17 | 广西智宝科技有限公司 | Special cultivation substrate for dendrobium officinale and preparation method of special cultivation substrate |
| CN106105987A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 崔素清 | A kind of cuttage and quick-propagation method of Fructus Gleditsia |
| CN106673795A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-17 | 湖州吴兴道场城乡建设发展有限公司 | Efficient potted flower culture organic substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN108314482A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-07-24 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | A kind of promotion organic matter degradation accelerates compost maturity method and its device |
| CN110283732A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-27 | 海口路氏肥业有限公司 | Plant the opportunistic pathogen formula of liquid of half matrix covering |
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| CN104402574A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-03-11 | 六安市绿都园林绿化有限责任公司 | Slow release fertilizer for jasmine plantation and preparation method thereof |
| CN104387208A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-04 | 广西平果利华茧丝绸有限公司 | Method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer with stems and leaves of mulberry trees as main raw materials |
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| CN104904452A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-09-16 | 广西宜州市宜源桑杆菌业有限公司 | Gynostemmapentaphylla planting method |
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| CN105850682A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-08-17 | 广西智宝科技有限公司 | Special cultivation substrate for dendrobium officinale and preparation method of special cultivation substrate |
| CN105766592A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-07-20 | 覃伟 | Planting matrix for artificial planting of Caulis Dendrobii and preparation method thereof |
| CN106105987A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 崔素清 | A kind of cuttage and quick-propagation method of Fructus Gleditsia |
| CN106673795A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-17 | 湖州吴兴道场城乡建设发展有限公司 | Efficient potted flower culture organic substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN108314482A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-07-24 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | A kind of promotion organic matter degradation accelerates compost maturity method and its device |
| CN110283732A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-09-27 | 海口路氏肥业有限公司 | Plant the opportunistic pathogen formula of liquid of half matrix covering |
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