CN102947365B - Tpu层压粘合剂 - Google Patents

Tpu层压粘合剂 Download PDF

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CN102947365B
CN102947365B CN201180030403.5A CN201180030403A CN102947365B CN 102947365 B CN102947365 B CN 102947365B CN 201180030403 A CN201180030403 A CN 201180030403A CN 102947365 B CN102947365 B CN 102947365B
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film
melt adhesive
tackiness agent
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CN102947365A (zh
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H-G·金策尔曼
T·施密特
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Abstract

本发明涉及热熔性粘合剂作为层压粘合剂的用途,其中所述热熔性粘合剂在140°下的粘度为10000mPas-150000mPas,其包含至少75重量%的平均分子量为5000-40000g/mol的热塑性聚氨酯。

Description

TPU层压粘合剂
本发明涉及基于热塑性的非反应性聚氨酯的粘合剂,其用于制造可用作包装物的复合膜。这些粘合剂不包含溶剂,并能够良好地粘结膜。
用于粘结膜状基材的层压粘合剂是常规已知的。基于反应性聚氨酯的粘合剂在实践中已证实是特别成功的。例如,DE102004018048描述了可基于具有异氰酸酯端基的PU预聚物制备的PU粘合剂。这些预聚物包含异氰酸酯端基。它们可用于粘结膜而得到多层复合材料。
这些具有NCO基团的反应性粘合剂的缺点在于在已制成多层膜之后,未反应的单体异氰酸酯仍可能包含在粘合剂层中。这些单体仅以少量存在,但仍是生理学不良的。它们可与水完成反应,但然后得到伯胺,特别是伯芳胺。低分子量的异氰酸酯或低分子量的胺不永久性地固定在粘合剂基质中,而是,在一些情况中经过时间可迁移至膜中。但是,由于该膜材料用于制造食品用包装物,这样少量的可迁移性物质是有问题的。
为了在食品技术上避免有问题的该类迁移性物质,WO0243956描述了仅包含少量的迁移性物质的柔性包装层压件。其中特别描述了聚α-烯烃、聚酯或其它热塑性材料。还提及的其它聚合物是丙烯酸酯、合成弹性体、EVA、聚乙烯和其它乙烯基共聚物。由于这些聚合物不使用异氰酸酯制造,因此它们也不包含这种污染物。
但是,这些粘合剂在基材上的粘合性和粘合强度上具有各种缺点。此外,这些粘合剂还包含适当的加工所需的各种添加剂,例如树脂或增塑剂。然而这些相对于聚合物而言仍是低分子量的。长期下,这些助剂可能迁移到粘合膜中,这是有问题的。已发现在很多基材上不能达到包含氨基甲酸酯基或脲基的聚合物的良好性质。
EP1323800描述了包含聚乙烯层和在该层上包含热塑性聚氨酯膜的多层膜。在具有聚氨酯膜的一面据称能粘结极性基材;由聚乙烯构成的另一面起着用于另一非极性基材的粘合剂的作用。这两个膜可一起共挤出。对鞋材料的粘结为目的用途。
连续方法常用于制造复合膜。将网形式的膜任选压印(imprint),涂布,粘结,然后卷制,并储存或包装。在这种情况下,粘合剂必须仅以薄层施涂在膜上。该要求一方面是基于商业的,因为增量的粘合剂会不必要的提高产品价格,另一方面,以薄层施涂在技术上也有效的。在较厚的层中,可观察到膜的褪色。此外,在可确定的层厚度下达到最大可能的粘合性,并且如果层厚度进一步增大,粘合性通常降低,并且膜的柔性也受到不利影响。因此本发明的一个目的是提供适用作层压粘合剂的热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂。所述粘合剂能够以薄层涂覆;此外,将避免含有可迁移的危害健康的物质,例如溶剂、异氰酸酯、芳胺、丙烯酸酯单体。此外,可储存设有粘合剂层的膜。
该目的通过使用一种热熔性粘合剂作为用于粘结膜基材的粘合剂而实现,所述热熔性粘合剂的粘度为10000mPas-150000mPas(140°C),其包含至少75重量%的平均分子量为5000-40000g/mol的热塑性聚氨酯。
本发明的另一目的是由柔性膜和塑性基材构成的复合膜,所述复合膜通过热塑性聚氨酯粘合剂在其整个表面上或子区域上相互粘合。所述主题的实施方式可以为多层膜或由膜基材和成型塑性容器构成的复合体。
在该情况下,根据本发明使用的热熔性粘合剂由本身已知的粘合剂组分、热塑性聚氨酯、稳定剂、抗氧化剂、促粘剂和任选存在的填料、颜料和/或少量的增粘性树脂构成。
根据本发明适用的粘合剂需包含至少一种热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)。该热塑性聚氨酯是非反应性的。所述聚氨酯由多元醇和聚异氰酸酯构成。可使用已知的原料;仅需确保所述聚合物不再包含任何反应性NCO基团。例如,可使用脂族多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚醚多元醇、油脂化学多元醇、聚碳酸酯多元醇以构成所述TPU。
脂族多元醇的实例是乙二醇、丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,7-庚二醇、1,8-辛二醇及它们的高级同系物或异构体。另外合适的是高级官能醇,例如丙三醇、三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、以及上述物质本身的低聚醚或两种或更多种上述醚的混合物。
优选的多元醇组分是低分子量多官能醇与环氧烷烃的反应产物(所谓的聚醚)。优选具有2-4个碳原子的环氧烷烃。例如,乙二醇、丙二醇、异构丁二醇、己二醇或4,4'-二羟基二苯基丙烷与环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷、环氧丁烷或它们的混合物的反应产物是合适的。此外,还合适的是多官能醇,例如丙三醇、三羟甲基乙烷或三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、糖醇或它们的混合物与上述环氧烷烃的反应产物。使原料化合物通过反应性氢原子与上述环氧烷烃反应,从而以本领域技术人员已知的方式制造聚醚多元醇。该类聚醚醇是市售可得的。
另一类合适的多元醇是聚酯多元醇。该类聚酯多元醇优选包括多官能醇,优选二官能醇和多官能羧酸,优选二官能和/或三官能羧酸的反应产物。除了游离聚羧酸之外,可使用相应的聚羧酸酐或相应的与优选具有1-3个碳原子的醇的聚羧酸酯。己二醇、1,4-羟甲基环己烷、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、1,2,4-丁三醇、三甘醇、四甘醇、乙二醇、聚乙二醇、一缩二丙二醇、聚丙二醇、一缩二丁二醇和聚丁二醇特别适用于制造该类聚酯多元醇。
所述聚羧酸可以是脂族、脂环族、芳族或杂环族或两者。它们可任选被例如烷基、烯基、醚基或卤化物取代。合适的聚羧酸例如是琥珀酸、己二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、邻苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、偏苯三酸、邻苯二甲酸酐、四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、六氢邻苯二甲酸酐、戊二酸酐、马来酸、马来酸酐、富马酸、二聚脂肪酸或三聚脂肪酸或它们两种或更多种的混合物。较低量的单官能脂肪酸可任选存在于反应混合物中。所述聚酯还可任选包含少量的羧基端基。
同样合适的是由内酯,例如基于ε-己内酯(亦称为“聚己内酯”),或由羟基羧酸,例如ω-羟基己酸制得的聚酯多元醇。
但是,也可使用油脂化学衍生的聚酯多元醇。可例如通过使用一种或多种具有1-12个碳原子的醇使至少部分含有烯键式不饱和脂肪酸的脂肪混合物的环氧化甘油三酯完全开环,并随后使甘油三酯衍生物进行部分酯交换而得到在烷基残基中具有1-12个碳原子的烷基酯多元醇,从而制造所述聚酯多元醇。另外合适的多元醇是二聚二醇以及蓖麻油及其衍生物。
同样可将羟基官能聚丁二烯,例如以商用名"Poly-bd"可得的那些用作用于根据本发明组合物的多元醇。同样合适的是聚碳酸酯多元醇。
合适的多元醇可具有250-10000g/mol的分子量。二醇是特别合适的。还可用相似的氨基官能化合物替代部分的多元醇。例如,可加入二官能聚叔胺或胺封端的聚醚。
还可使用少量的一元醇。可加入这些醇以控制分子量。其结果为在链端的NCO基团反应完全而基本上不提高分子量。
用于制造所述TPU的合适的异氰酸酯是芳族、脂族或脂环族聚异氰酸酯。这些聚异氰酸酯可选自例如4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、氢化或部分氢化的MDI(H12MDI、H6MDI)、亚二甲苯二异氰酸酯(XDI)、四甲基亚二甲苯二异氰酸酯(TMXDI)、4,4'-二苯基二甲基甲烷二异氰酸酯、二和四亚烷基二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、4,4'-二苯甲基二异氰酸酯、1,3-亚苯基二异氰酸酯、1,4-亚苯基二异氰酸酯、亚甲苯基二异氰酸酯(TDI)的异构体、1-甲基-2,4-二异氰酸酯基环己烷、1,6-二异氰酸酯基-2,2,4-三甲基己烷、1,6-二异氰酸酯基-2,4,4-三甲基己烷、1-异氰酸酯基甲基-3-异氰酸酯基-1,5,5-三甲基环己烷(IPDI)、四甲氧基丁烷-1,4-二异氰酸酯、萘1,5-二异氰酸酯(NDI)、丁烷-1,4-二异氰酸酯、己烷-1,6-二异氰酸酯(HDI)、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,2,4-三甲基己烷-2,3,3-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、环己烷-1,4-二异氰酸酯、亚乙基二异氰酸酯、亚甲基三苯基三异氰酸酯(MIT)、邻苯二甲酸双异氰酸酯基乙酯、三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、1,4-二异氰酸酯基丁烷、1,12-二异氰酸酯基十二烷和二聚脂肪酸二异氰酸酯、赖氨酸酯二异氰酸酯、4,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、1,3-环己烷或1,4-环己烷二异氰酸酯。
合适的三官能异氰酸酯是通过二异氰酸酯的三聚化或低聚化,或通过二异氰酸酯与三官能含羟基化合物反应而制备的那些异氰酸酯。它们的实例是异氰酸酯HDI、MDI或IPDI的三聚化产物、或二异氰酸酯和低分子量三元醇例如三羟甲基丙烷或丙三醇的加成物。
选择用于所述TPU合成的NCO和OH基团的量,使得实现NCO:OH之比低于1,例如0.75-0.99:1,特别为0.80-0.95:1。在该情况下制得仍包含另外的OH基的TPU。另一实施方案首先通过在NCO:OH之比大于1,例如为1.02-1.2:1下通过反应制备含有NCO的预产物,然后在端基处与一元醇或一元胺完全反应。在该情况下制得未官能化的链端。
本发明的一个优选实施方案使用芳族异氰酸酯。另一优选实施方案使用聚酯二醇作为多元醇。
本发明的一个实施方案特别使用在涂覆为层之后具有粘性表面的热熔性粘合剂。该实施方案可通过选择TPU进行辅助。例如,聚合物中增加的OH基数产生升高的粘性。因此选择0.75-0.9:1,特别是大于0.8:1的NCO:OH之比用于相应的聚合物。还可通过如下所述的添加剂辅助粘性。
本发明的另一实施方案在膜上制得粘合剂层,所述粘合剂层具有抗粘连性的表面。在该情况下,所述粘合剂层可堆叠在载体膜上。在压力和高温下通过与另一基材结合而达到粘合。适用于该实施方案的粘合剂不具有粘性;它们是抗粘连性的。
可使用上述TPU,并且通过选择聚合物组分可影响抗粘连性。特别地,使TPU的结晶度增大的组分提高抗粘连性。特别地,将聚酯多元醇用作所述TPU的组分,例如基于多元醇组分大于70重量%,或仅聚酯多元醇,非常特别优选包含芳族聚羧酸的那些。通过增大的NCO:OH之比,例如0.85:1-0.99:1,可另外降低表面粘性。
在一个非常特别优选的实施方案中,在制备TPU时,向多元醇组分中另外加入具有低于8个碳原子的短链脂族二醇和三醇。基于所述多元醇组分低分子量多元醇的量为0.5-10重量%,特别是1-7重量%。该类TPU显示出增大的结晶度。它们特别适用作具有抗粘连性表面的实施方案的粘合剂。
使用已知方法可进行反应,并且由此可制得根据本发明适用的PU聚合物。这可例如在室温下进行;还可使用升温。初始化合物通常自发性地相互反应,但也可能需要加入催化剂,例如有机金属化合物或有机氨基化合物。在此合适的例如是锡基催化剂或基于叔胺的催化剂。但是,优选地可不使用催化剂。在较不优选的形式中,还可在溶剂中进行反应,然后从混合物中去除溶剂。
目的是得到非交联性的TPU。因此,一旦制备,这些TPU不包含其它NCO基团。另外优选的是主要将二醇和异氰酸酯用于制备。然后得到显示出热塑性性质的主要线性的产物。根据本发明适用的聚氨酯可在聚合物链中包含不同链段,例如可包含硬链段和软链段。但还可存在具有不同化学组成的TPU的混合物。TPU的分子量(数均MN,通过GPC对聚苯乙烯标准物可测定)为5000-50000g/mol,特别是10000-40000g/mol。
本发明合适的粘合剂还可包含其它添加剂或其它物质。其实例是另外的热塑性聚合物、稳定剂、促粘剂、抗氧化剂以及任选存在的填料、颜料和/或少量的增粘性树脂。
在该情况下可使用热塑性弹性体、聚酰胺、乙烯共聚物、聚烯烃或聚酯作为其它的惰性聚合物。热塑性弹性体的实例是包含一个或多个芳族聚乙烯基嵌段和至少一个弹性体嵌段例如聚苯乙烯嵌段和基本似橡胶的聚丁二烯或聚异戊二烯嵌段的嵌段共聚物。为了提高热稳定性,所述聚丁二烯或聚异戊二烯嵌段可部分或全部氢化。该类嵌段共聚物由各厂商供应为SBS(苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯)共聚物、SIS(苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯)共聚物或SEBS(苯乙烯-乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯)共聚物。
其它另外的聚合物的实例是乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯聚合物。该类EVA是本领域技术人员已知的,并且可以各种分子量得到。这些EVA同样可包含例如影响聚合物的相容性或极性的官能团。还可加入聚酯,只要它们显示出热塑性性质。聚酯中的脂族组分提高聚合物的柔性,芳族组分提高强度。
原则上,需要确保所述另外的聚合物与所述TPU相容,并且在熔融的粘合剂中不分离。根据本发明适用的粘合剂基于聚合物总量包含至少75%,优选至少85%,特别是多于97%的TPU聚合物。
根据本发明适用的粘合剂还可包含促粘剂。这些还可以是可与基材表面进行反应的反应性物质。
合适的促粘剂的实例是有机官能硅烷,例如羟基官能、(甲基)丙烯酰氧基官能、巯基官能、氨基官能或环氧基官能硅烷,其还包含可水解的硅烷取代基。巯基官能硅烷的实例是3-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷。(甲基)丙烯酰氧基官能硅烷的实例是3-丙烯酰氧丙基三烷氧基硅烷或3-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三烷氧基硅烷。环氧基官能硅烷的实例是3-缩水甘油氧基甲基三甲氧基硅烷、3-缩水甘油甲基三乙氧基硅烷或2-缩水甘油氧基乙基三甲氧基硅烷。氨基官能硅烷的实例是氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、N-(2-氨乙基)-3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(DAMO)、N,N-二(2-氨乙基)-3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-(2-氨乙基)-N'-(2-氨乙基)-3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、双(三乙氧基甲硅烷基丙基)胺、N-(正丁基)-3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷或它们的混合物。相应合适的化合物是类似的乙氧基或丙氧基衍生物、以及烷基二烷氧基衍生物或用另一烷基取代对应的丙基的衍生物。上述氨基硅烷的缩合物也可用作促粘剂组分。该类的促粘剂是文献中已知的。它们还可任选与基材进行化学反应。
上述促粘剂在粘合剂中的用量为0-10重量%,优选0.2-5重量%,特别优选0.5-3重量%。
此外,常用的稳定剂可加入所述热熔性粘合剂中。这些是避免聚合物在加工过程中分解的化合物。它们可以是抗氧化剂、水分稳定剂或避光剂。它们通常以至多3重量%,优选约0.1-2.0重量%的量加入所述热熔性粘合剂中。
根据本发明适用的热熔性粘合剂可包含少量的增粘性树脂作为其它组分。所述树脂产生额外的粘性。这些例如是具有70-130°C的软化点(环球法,DIN52011)的树脂。它们可以例如是芳族、脂族或脂环族烃树脂,或改性或氢化的烃树脂。其它实例是氢化枞醇及其酯;改性天然树脂;任选部分氢化的松香的烷基酯;萜烯树脂及其氢化衍生物;丙烯酸共聚物,优选苯乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物,和基于官能烃树脂的树脂。该树脂的用量基于总粘合剂可以为0-15重量%,但优选0或至多5重量%。如果选择作为抗粘连性粘合剂的实施方案,树脂是较不适合的。
在一个较不优选的实施方案中,还可向粘合剂中添加染料、颜料或填料。其量为低于10重量%。特别地,根据本发明的粘合剂优选不包含溶剂、增塑剂或蜡以影响粘度。还可制备不添加树脂的合适的热熔性粘合剂。特别地,不包含可迁移并由此从粘合剂扩散出至相邻层的化合物。
合适的粘合剂组合物是热熔性粘合剂。它包含至少75重量%的一种或多种热塑性聚氨酯。另一个实施方案还可包含至多20重量%的其它热塑性聚合物、0.2-5重量%的促粘剂、至多2重量%的稳定剂和至多15重量%的树脂,所述组分的总和达到100%。根据本发明适用的粘合剂在140°C下测得的粘度为10000mPas-150000mPas。特别地,其粘度为40000-80000mPas(按照ENISO2555;锥/板测试机头,140°C,剪切速率为50s-1)。为了得到用于粘合剂的薄层厚度,根据本发明低粘度是有利的。由于该粘合剂层的低热容量,基材几乎没有受到热应力。
特别地,所述粘合剂可以是不含树脂的。此外,作为粘结剂层,合适的粘合剂基本上不含低分子量物质,即它不含能够迁移的组分。可能的残余NCO基团在制备所述TPU时也已完全反应。
通常具有低分子量的“能够迁移的组分”应理解为例如分子量低于1000g/mol的物质。这些组分可自身迁移,或可在水溶液中或在水溶液中被有机组分例如醇溶液萃取出。根据本发明的合适的TPU的选择可限制或完全避免使用该类低分子量化合物。
根据本发明适用的粘合剂用作用于粘结柔性膜的层压粘合剂。在该情况中可使用已知的膜或网状基材。这些可由例如金属箔、纸膜和/或塑料膜制成单层膜或多层膜。它们可被压印或涂布。这些膜可相互层压,或者也可将它们粘结到其它基材例如特别是塑料上,构成成型基材。
在该情况中可在粘结之前对基材表面进行加工。通常清除粘附的疏松成分。还可任选地活化表面,例如使用等离子体或电晕预处理;或在基材上施涂底漆。特别地,当使用本发明的粘合剂时不需要使用底漆。
在所述表面上所述基材可被涂布或压印。经压印的区域可用所述粘合剂涂布,或经压印的膜可作为第二基材表面与涂布有所述粘合剂的表面结合。根据本发明有利的是所述粘合剂是无色透明的。不损坏可能的印刷图像。所述粘合剂的层厚度为0.5-100μm,特别为至多20μm,优选为1-10μm,特别是低于5μm。
将所述热熔性粘合剂加热至80-200°C,优选100°C-180°C的温度。由此它变为液体,并可以薄层涂覆在基材上。在该情况中可使用已知的涂布方法,例如辊涂、刀涂或使用狭缝喷嘴。所述粘合剂的粘度与涂覆方法相适应。本领域技术人员考虑到所述热熔性粘合剂的热稳定性可确定合适的热熔性粘合剂的涂覆温度和因此的适合粘度。本发明的一个实施方案以以下方式操作:在涂布所述粘合剂层之后立即将第二膜作为另一基材施加在经涂布的表面上,并且通过加压使它们相互结合。
另一实施方案的构成方式为将一个膜完全或部分地用粘合剂涂布。将粘合剂以非粘性组合物涂覆,并在冷却后得到非粘性层。该层是非粘连性的。以该方式涂布的基材可储存,包括作为成卷的膜。然后可将其重新展开用于后续加工。当受热时所述粘合剂层变活化,然后可在压力下与第二相同或不同的基材膜粘结。
“抗粘连的”或“非粘连的”涂层应理解表示粘合剂层可叠置在另一载体膜上而无保护层地储存,粘合剂层与膜层位置相对。这些层可相互分离而无很大的粘结。
出于本发明目的,应理解用于抗粘连性的测试是以下的方法:将经涂布的膜基材例如聚酯膜用约10μm的根据本发明的粘合剂涂布。将该粘合剂层冷却,并将100cm2的面积压向未涂布的相同膜基材。施加10吨的压力24小时。然后通过手动拉扯分离层。在该情况中观察粘合剂分离;没有出现基材的膜撕裂或内聚断裂。
根据本发明以该方式涂布的基材还可在层压件和复合件的制造中进一步加工。为此,将它们热压到另一基材上。这应理解为涂布基材的粘合剂层通过加热重新活化,并通过受压而与另一基材表面结合,然后进行固化。温度为80-180°C。在热压操作中的压制压力通常为5-200巴,其取决于机械设备和待生产的层压件或复合件。对于特定组合确定最优压力是本领域技术人员的经验。
本发明的另一目的是由至少一个膜和塑性基材制造的复合膜,所述至少一个膜和塑性基材用根据本发明的基于TPU的层压粘合剂的粘合剂层粘结。这些膜是已知的由塑性材料构成的柔性膜或多层膜,适用于包装。也可任选包含其它层,例如金属化层或SiOx层。塑性膜或金属箔可作为第二基材粘结,或多层膜作为基材结合。在该情况中,使用相应的层压粘合剂将至少两层相互结合。在另一实施方案中,(多层)膜与成型塑性基材结合。所述成型塑性基材可以是固体或也可显示出柔性。
根据本发明适用的粘合剂显示出对基材良好的粘合性。例如基于聚酯、聚烯烃、聚酰胺或乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯的膜显示出对所述粘合剂良好的粘合性。同样可有效粘结例如由聚乙烯构成的固体基材。对于铝箔或表面的粘合性也特别好。在一个实施方案中,通过粘性TPU将基材在整个表面上相互结合。由此可得到稳定的多层复合膜。
根据本发明的另一实施方案,仅在一个或多个边缘区域将两个基材粘结。选择这些区域例如使得所述基材相互之间发生例如环形的连续粘结。根据该实施方案,例如将已三维成型的多层膜或例如杯型的固体基材与根据本发明涂布的膜粘结。根据本发明适用的热熔性粘合剂可涂覆在预设的结合区域。然后将所述结合区域密封成成型膜件。
一个实施方案选择粘合剂使得观察到粘合断裂。然后可分离粘结的基材。在另一实施方案中,选择根据本发明适用的粘合剂使得粘合剂层的内聚性小于粘合性。由此可机械地使两个结合的基材相互分离。观察粘合剂层的内聚断裂。在分离后,得到具有粘性的两个表面。得到可重新粘合的表面。由于这些边缘区域例如因包装物的形状而是在叠置排列的,它们可很容易相互结合。通过根据本发明的TPU粘合剂粘结的复合膜因此可加工成具有可重新闭合的封闭件的包装物。这些实施方案通常被称为“密封粘合剂”。
根据本发明适用的层压粘合剂包含不含其它反应性异氰酸酯或异氰酸酯基团的TPU。此外,反应步骤还确保不包含异氰酸酯与水的水解产物,特别是伯芳胺。根据本发明的TPU是热熔性粘合剂,即它不含有机溶剂或增塑剂。可选择其它添加剂以使所述添加剂具有较高的分子量。因此,它们可以稳定的方式掺入到粘合剂基质中,即不显示出扩散能力或仅显示出较低的扩散能力。由使用根据本发明的层压粘合剂粘结的膜构成的复合膜因此适用作用于敏感性商品例如食品或医用品的包装。
根据本发明制成的膜基材可用于各种包装。这些可以是食品包装、医用包装或其它膜包装。在制得包装的物体之后,还可对根据本发明结合的基材消毒。这可例如通过辐射进行。由于选择TPU,甚至在湿气应力下也观察不到脱层。
实施例
实施例1
由77.4%的聚酯(间苯二甲酸、己二酸、一缩二乙二醇,OH值为138)以熔体与22.6%的NCO:OH为0.95:1的MDI反应制得OH封端的热塑性PU。
分子量:20000g/mol(GPC)
粘度:50000mPas(锥/板,140°C,剪切速率为50s-1)
实施例2
由89.7%的聚酯(间苯二甲酸、己二酸、一缩二乙二醇,OH值为64)以熔体与10.3%的NCO:OH为0.8:1的MDI反应制得OH封端的热塑性PU。
分子量:10000g/mol(GPC)
粘度:15,000mPas(锥/板,140°C,剪切速率为50)
实施例3
由根据实施例1的TPU与0.5%的氨基硅烷和0.5%的稳定剂(Irganox1010)制得热熔性粘合剂。
由实施例1-3的粘合剂制得复合膜:
a)Al与PE膜
b)OPP与金属化OPP膜
c)PA与OPP膜。
在实验室中以约7g/m2或约3g/m2层压。
制得具有良好外观的稳定的复合件。
对于a)的复合件粘合性(7g/m2):6.5N/15mm。
对于b)的复合件粘合性(7g/m2):2.5N/15mm。
使用Instron4301拉伸测试仪测试复合件粘合性。制得15mm宽的试样,并在25°C下以100mm/min的撕裂速度测试。拉伸角度为90°。
实施例4
由77.0%的聚酯(间苯二甲酸、己二酸、一缩二乙二醇,OH值为138)和0.7%的己二醇以熔体与NCO:OH之比为0.95:1的MDI反应制得OH封端的热塑性PU。
在实验室中将该粘合剂以10μm涂覆在聚酯膜(约30μm)上,并在冷却后,放置在相同的聚酯膜上,在23°C下以10吨加压24h,并储存。
在储存后,该膜可用手分离而不撕裂该膜。

Claims (14)

1.热熔性粘合剂作为用于粘结膜基材的粘合剂的用途,所述热熔性粘合剂在140°下的粘度为10000mPas-150000mPas,其包含至少75重量%的数均分子量为5000-50000g/mol的热塑性聚氨酯(TPU),其中所述热熔性粘合剂被加热至80-200℃,并在液态下以薄层涂覆在所述基材上,以及其中所述热塑性聚氨酯由芳族聚异氰酸酯和聚酯二醇以NCO:OH之比为0.75-0.95:1而制备。
2.权利要求1的用途,其中所述热熔性粘合剂还包含至多25重量%的添加剂和其它物质。
3.权利要求1的用途,其中所述热熔性粘合剂不含溶剂、增塑剂、蜡和树脂。
4.权利要求1的用途,其中施涂的粘合剂的层厚度小于20μm。
5.权利要求1的用途,其中所述热塑性聚氨酯包含聚酯多元醇作为多元醇组分。
6.权利要求5的用途,其中所述热塑性聚氨酯还包含0.5-10重量%的具有至多8个碳原子的脂族二元醇和/或三元醇。
7.权利要求5的用途,其中在施涂成薄层之后,冷却的热熔性粘合剂是抗粘连性的。
8.权利要求7的用途,其中在两面上结合的热熔性粘合剂层通过内聚断裂而可分离。
9.权利要求1的用途,其中所述NCO:OH之比为0.85-0.99:1。
10.权利要求1的用途,其中粘合剂层是可热活化的。
11.复合膜,其包含塑性膜和金属化箔或金属箔,所述塑性膜和金属化箔或金属箔通过权利要求1-5之一的用途的TPU粘合剂相互结合。
12.复合膜,其由塑性基材和膜组成,所述塑性基材和膜通过权利要求5-10之一的用途的TPU粘合剂在至少一个边缘区域上相互结合。
13.权利要求12的复合膜,其中所述膜可通过粘结层中的内聚断裂而分离。
14.权利要求11-13之一的复合膜,其是用于制造用于食品或药学工业中的包装。
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BR112012032749A2 (pt) 2016-11-08
TR201808489T4 (tr) 2018-07-23
EP2585510A1 (de) 2013-05-01
EP2585510B1 (de) 2018-03-21
CN102947365A (zh) 2013-02-27
JP2013536263A (ja) 2013-09-19
RU2013102886A (ru) 2014-07-27
DE102010030437A1 (de) 2011-12-29
PT2585510T (pt) 2018-05-09
US20130115405A1 (en) 2013-05-09
KR20130119850A (ko) 2013-11-01
PL2585510T3 (pl) 2018-08-31
JP5889887B2 (ja) 2016-03-22

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