CN102945789A - 低温多晶硅薄膜制备方法、薄膜晶体管及其制备方法 - Google Patents

低温多晶硅薄膜制备方法、薄膜晶体管及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN102945789A
CN102945789A CN2012104799476A CN201210479947A CN102945789A CN 102945789 A CN102945789 A CN 102945789A CN 2012104799476 A CN2012104799476 A CN 2012104799476A CN 201210479947 A CN201210479947 A CN 201210479947A CN 102945789 A CN102945789 A CN 102945789A
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田雪雁
龙春平
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种低温多晶硅薄膜的制备方法,提供一基板,将其置于基台上,在基板上形成缓冲层;在缓冲层上形成非晶硅层,对非晶硅层进行高温处理和激光退火,使非晶硅层形成为多晶硅层;在基板上形成缓冲层之前,在基板下表面或基台上表面形成有保温隔热层。本发明通过增加耐高温保温隔热层,来抑制从融熔硅层向基板、再向基台的快速散热过程。在激光退火过程中,通过增加耐高温保温隔热层,减小了基板的热导率,从而降低基板向基台的散热过程,达到降低融熔硅层与基板界面处的温度梯度,以减少融熔硅层向基板的热流,延长多晶硅的晶化时间,提高多晶硅薄膜的晶粒尺寸;本发明所采用的方法,在生产过程中容易操作,工艺过程简洁并且不耗费原料。

Description

低温多晶硅薄膜制备方法、薄膜晶体管及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,特别是涉及一种低温多晶硅薄膜制备方法、薄膜晶体管及其制备方法、阵列基板及显示装置。
背景技术
随着平面显示器技术的蓬勃发展,有源矩阵式有机发光显示器(Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode,简称AMOLED)由于其具有更轻薄、自发光和高反应速率等优良特性,成为未来显示器发展的趋势。其可以包括依次形成在基板上的有源开关、绝缘层、透明电极、发光层和金属电极,其中,有源开关通过接触孔与透明电极连接,以控制图像数据的写入。目前,为适应AMOLED尺寸大型化的发展,有源开关通常采用低温多晶硅薄膜晶体管(Low TemperaturePoly-silicon TFT,简称LTPS-TFT)作为像素开关控制元件;而用于制备LTPS-TFT的低温多晶硅薄膜的品质好坏与否对于LTPS-TFT的电性表现有着直接影响,因此,低温多晶硅薄膜的制造技术也越来越受到重视。
目前AMOLED中,背板技术中制备多晶硅薄膜,主要采用准分子激光退火(Excimer Laser Annealing,简称ELA),固相晶化(SolidPhase Crystallization,简称SPC),金属诱导晶化(Metal-InducedCrystallization,简称MIC)等多种制备方法;而采用准分子激光退火工艺来得到背板中晶体管有源层的多晶硅薄膜是唯一已经实现量产的方法。
通常的准分子激光退火工艺中,如图1和图2所示,基板203直接置于基台204(通常为不锈钢的台面)上进行退火,薄膜层202形成在基板203上,在对薄膜层202进行高温处理以及利用激光束201进行激光退火之后,即可完成多晶硅薄膜的制备;其中,薄膜层202包括依次形成在基板203上的氮化硅层101、二氧化硅层102和非晶硅层103,氮化硅层101和二氧化硅层102共同形成缓冲层。所述的低温多晶硅薄膜的制备工艺中,基板203与基台204直接接触,导热速度快,导致熔融硅层冷却时间太短(约100ns),固化速度太高,晶核没有足够时间长到较大尺寸,以至于由此制得的多晶硅薄膜晶体管的迁移率受到晶粒尺寸的极大影响。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
本发明要解决的技术问题是如何克服低温多晶硅薄膜制备过程中由于晶化时间短导致晶粒偏小的问题。
(二)技术方案
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种低温多晶硅薄膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
提供一基板,将其放置在基台上,在所述基板上形成缓冲层;
在所述缓冲层上形成非晶硅层,对所述非晶硅层进行高温处理和激光退火,使所述非晶硅层形成为多晶硅层;
在所述基板上形成所述缓冲层之前,在所述基板下表面或基台上表面形成有保温隔热层。
其中,所述保温隔热层由耐高温水性隔热保温材料形成。
其中,所述保温隔热层通过喷涂工艺形成。
其中,对所述非晶硅层进行高温处理和激光退火的具体过程为:
在400-500℃的温度下,对所述非晶硅层进行0.5-3小时的高温处理;
对高温处理后的所述非晶硅层进行准分子激光退火,激光脉冲频率为300Hz,重叠率为92%-98%,激光能量密度为200-500mJ/cm2
其中,所述准分子激光退火采用的准分子激光器为氯化氙、氟化氪或氟化氩准分子激光器中的任一种。
本发明还提供了一种薄膜晶体管制备方法,其包括:
在基板上形成多晶硅薄膜,并通过构图工艺形成TFT的有源层;
其中,所述多晶硅薄膜是通过上述的低温多晶硅薄膜制备方法制得。
所述薄膜晶体管制备方法还包括:在所述有源层的上方依次形成栅绝缘层、栅电极、层间绝缘层、以及源电极和漏电极,所述源电极和漏电极分别通过绝缘层过孔与所述有源层的两端相连。其中,所述在有源层的上方依次形成栅绝缘层、栅电极、层间绝缘层、以及源电极和漏电极,包括:
在所述有源层的上方沉积栅绝缘层;
在所述栅绝缘层上方形成栅金属薄膜,通过构图工艺形成栅电极的图案,并对所述有源层两端的区域进行掺杂处理以形成离子掺杂区;
在所述栅电极上方形成层间绝缘层,并通过构图工艺形成贯穿所述栅绝缘层和层间绝缘层的绝缘层过孔,从而露出所述有源层两端的离子掺杂区;
在所述层间绝缘层上方形成源漏金属薄膜,并通过构图工艺形成源电极和漏电极,所述源电极和漏电极分别通过所述绝缘层过孔与所述有源层两端的离子掺杂区相连。
本发明又提供了一种薄膜晶体管,其采用上述的薄膜晶体管制备方法所制得。
其中,所述基板的下表面形成有保温隔热层。
其中,所述保温隔热层由耐高温水性隔热保温材料形成。
本发明进一步提供了一种阵列基板,其包含上述的薄膜晶体管。
本发明进一步提供了一种显示装置,其包含上述的阵列基板。
(三)有益效果
上述技术方案所提供的低温多晶硅薄膜的制备方法,在基台上表面或基板下表面增加了耐高温保温隔热层,来抑制从融熔硅层向基板、再向基台的快速散热过程。在激光退火过程中,通过增加耐高温保温隔热层,减小了基板的热导率,从而降低基板向基台的散热过程,达到降低融熔硅层与基板界面处的温度梯度,以减少融熔硅层向基板的热流,延长多晶硅的晶化时间,提高多晶硅薄膜的晶粒尺寸;本发明所采用的方法,在生产过程中容易操作,工艺过程简洁并且不耗费原料;通过增大多晶硅晶粒的尺寸,最后能够得到迁移率较好的多晶硅薄膜晶体管;该方法得到的低温多晶硅薄膜可以作为低温多晶硅薄膜晶体管的有源层,适用于有源矩阵有机发光二极管显示器(AMOLED)及低温多晶硅薄膜晶体管液晶显示器(LTPS TFT-LCD)等领域。
附图说明
图1是现有技术中低温多晶硅薄膜的制备过程示意图;
图2是图1中薄膜层结构及激光退火过程示意图;
图3是本发明实施例1的低温多晶硅薄膜的制备过程示意图。
其中,101:氮化硅层;102:二氧化硅层;103:非晶硅薄膜层;201:激光束;202:多晶硅薄膜层;203:基板;204:基台;205:保温隔热层。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
本实施例公开了一种低温多晶硅薄膜的制备方法,参照图3所示,具体包括以下过程:
(1)在多晶硅薄膜制备基台204上表面上形成一层保温隔热层205;具体地,保温隔热层205选用耐高温水性隔热保温材料形成,优选通过喷涂工艺将耐高温水性隔热保温材料形成在基台204上,形成保温隔热层205。优选地,保温隔热层205的厚度在0.05mm-0.2mm之间,因采用耐高温水性的耐火材料,其耐温能高达1800℃,隔热保温率极佳,涂层导热系数只有0.03W/m.K,能有效抑制热量的传导,隔热保温抑制效率可达90%左右,可抑制高温物体热量的传导散失。
(2)提供一玻璃衬底作为基板203,对基板203进行预清洗,并在基板203上制作多晶硅薄膜层202,其中基板203可以采用其他衬底,只要能够承受高温即可,如石英衬底等;多晶硅薄膜层202的具体制作过程为:采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)方法沉积缓冲层,之后沉积非晶硅薄膜层103。其中,缓冲层为氮化硅层和二氧化硅层的双层结构,下层是50-150nm的氮化硅层101,上层是100-350nm的二氧化硅层102,二氧化硅层102上为30-60nm的非晶硅薄膜层103。
(3)对非晶硅薄膜层103进行高温处理和准分子激光退火,形成多晶硅薄膜层202。
具体地,在400-500℃的温度下,对非晶硅薄膜层103进行0.5-3小时的高温处理,高温处理的过程即为对非晶硅薄膜层103脱氢的过程;高温处理之后,在非晶硅薄膜层103上,利用激光束201对其进行准分子激光退火。与现有技术中的准分子激光退火工艺相同,保持激光束201固定,基台204移动,以完成整个激光扫描过程。准分子激光退火采用的准分子激光器可为氯化氙、氟化氪或氟化氩准分子激光器中的任一种,本实施例采用波长为308nm的氯化氙准分子激光器,其中激光脉冲频率为300Hz,重叠率为92%-98%,激光能量密度为200-500mJ/cm2。
本实施例通过在基台上表面增加了耐高温保温隔热层,来抑制从融熔硅层向基板、再向基台的快速散热过程。在激光退火过程中,通过增加耐高温保温隔热层,减小了基板的热导率,从而降低基板向基台的散热过程,达到降低融熔硅与基板界面处的温度梯度,以减少融熔硅层向基板的热流,延长多晶硅的晶化时间,提高多晶硅薄膜的晶粒尺寸,可以得到平均晶粒1微米左右的多晶硅薄膜。
实施例2
本实施例所提供的低温多晶硅薄膜的制备方法与实施例1类似,其区别之处在于:本实施例的隔热保温层形成在基板的下表面上,而不是形成在基台上表面上,基板上的保温隔热层也同样起到降低基板的热导率,降低熔硅/基板界面处的温度梯度,以减少熔硅层向基板的热流,延长多晶硅的晶化时间,提高多晶硅薄膜的晶粒尺寸,可以得到平均晶粒1微米左右的多晶硅薄膜。
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种薄膜晶体管制备方法,该制备方法的具体过程如下:
在基板上形成多晶硅薄膜,并通过构图工艺形成TFT的有源层;
所述多晶硅薄膜是通过实施例1或2的低温多晶硅薄膜制备方法制得。
本实施例中薄膜晶体管制备方法可以用于制备顶栅型TFT,也可以用于制备底栅型TFT,或者其他变形的结构,只要其结构中具有多晶硅薄膜,都可以采用本发明实施1或2的多晶硅薄膜的制备方法,本发明不做限制。
优选的,所述薄膜晶体管制备方法还包括:在所述有源层的上方依次形成栅绝缘层、栅电极、层间绝缘层、以及源电极和漏电极;所述源电极和漏电极分别通过绝缘层过孔与所述有源层的两端相连。其中,所述在有源层的上方依次形成栅绝缘层、栅电极、层间绝缘层、以及源电极和漏电极的步骤,包括:
在所述有源层的上方沉积栅绝缘层;
在所述栅绝缘层上方形成栅金属薄膜,通过构图工艺形成栅电极的图案,并对所述有源层两端的区域进行掺杂处理以形成离子掺杂区;
在所述栅电极上方形成层间绝缘层,并通过构图工艺形成贯穿所述栅绝缘层和层间绝缘层的绝缘层过孔,从而露出所述有源层两端的离子掺杂区;
在所述层间绝缘层上方形成源漏金属薄膜,并通过构图工艺形成源电极和漏电极,所述源电极和漏电极分别通过所述绝缘层过孔与所述有源层两端的离子掺杂区相连。
本实施例薄膜晶体管制备方法所制备的薄膜晶体管,其中的低温多晶硅薄膜晶粒尺寸较大、分布均匀,并且具有非常低的表面粗糙度,能够解决薄膜晶体管的漏电流较大、迁移率及阈值电压不均匀性的问题。
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种低温多晶硅薄膜晶体管,该薄膜晶体管中的多晶硅薄膜是采用实施例1或2中的低温多晶硅薄膜的制备方法制得。其中采用实施例2中的低温多晶硅薄膜的制备方法制得多晶硅薄膜并进一步制得的薄膜晶体管,在所述基板的下表面形成有保温隔热层。
其中,所述保温隔热层由耐高温水性隔热保温材料形成。
本实施例中的薄膜晶体管的多晶硅薄膜是采用实施例1或2中的多晶硅薄膜的制备方法制得的,由于得到的低温多晶硅薄膜晶粒尺寸较大、分布均匀,能够解决薄膜晶体管的漏电流较大、迁移率及阈值电压不均匀性的问题。
实施例5
本实施例提供了一种阵列基板,该阵列基板包括实施例4中所述的薄膜晶体管,由此形成的阵列基板用于显示器背板中时,能够解决其迁移率较低、薄膜晶体管的漏电流较大、迁移率及阈值电压不均匀性的问题,适用于有源矩阵有机发光二极管显示器(AMOLED)及低温多晶硅薄膜晶体管液晶显示器(LTPS TFT-LCD)等领域。
实施例6
本实施例提供一种显示装置,该显示装置包括实施例5中所述的阵列基板。本实施例的显示装置,可以为有源矩阵有机发光二极管显示器(AMOLED)或者液晶显示器等,由于该显示装置中采用的低温多晶硅薄膜晶体管的电特性比较稳定,从而能够提高该显示装置的显示质量。
通过以上实施例可以看出,本发明在基台上表面或基板下表面增加了耐高温保温隔热层,来抑制从融熔硅层向基板、再向基台的快速散热过程。在激光退火过程中,通过增加耐高温保温隔热层,减小了基板的热导率,从而降低基板向基台的散热过程,达到降低融熔硅与基板界面处的温度梯度,以减少融熔硅层向基板的热流,延长多晶硅的晶化时间,提高多晶硅薄膜的晶粒尺寸;本发明所采用的方法,在生产过程中容易操作,工艺过程简洁并且不耗费原料;通过增大多晶硅晶粒的尺寸,最后能够得到迁移率较好的多晶硅薄膜晶体管;该方法得到的低温多晶硅薄膜可以作为低温多晶硅薄膜晶体管的有源层,适用于有源矩阵有机发光二极管显示器(AMOLED)及低温多晶硅薄膜晶体管液晶显示器(LTPS TFT-LCD)等领域。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和替换,这些改进和替换也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (13)

1.一种低温多晶硅薄膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
提供一基板,将其放置在基台上,在所述基板上形成缓冲层;
在所述缓冲层上形成非晶硅层,对所述非晶硅层进行高温处理和激光退火,使所述非晶硅层形成为多晶硅层;
其特征在于,在所述基板上形成所述缓冲层之前,在所述基板下表面或基台上表面形成有保温隔热层。
2.如权利要求1所述的低温多晶硅薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述保温隔热层由耐高温水性隔热保温材料形成。
3.如权利要求1所述的低温多晶硅薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述保温隔热层通过喷涂工艺形成。
4.如权利要求1所述的低温多晶硅薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,对所述非晶硅层进行高温处理和激光退火的具体过程为:
在400-500℃的温度下,对所述非晶硅层进行0.5-3小时的高温处理;
对高温处理后的所述非晶硅层进行准分子激光退火,激光脉冲频率为300Hz,重叠率为92%-98%,激光能量密度为200-500mJ/cm2
5.如权利要求4所述的低温多晶硅薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述准分子激光退火采用的准分子激光器为氯化氙、氟化氪或氟化氩准分子激光器中的任一种。
6.一种薄膜晶体管制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
在基板上形成多晶硅薄膜,并通过构图工艺形成TFT的有源层;
其中,所述多晶硅薄膜是通过权利要求1-5中任一项所述的低温多晶硅薄膜制备方法制得。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,还包括:在所述有源层的上方依次形成栅绝缘层、栅电极、层间绝缘层、以及源电极和漏电极,所述源电极和漏电极分别通过绝缘层过孔与所述有源层的两端相连。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述在所述有源层的上方依次形成栅绝缘层、栅电极、层间绝缘层、以及源电极和漏电极的步骤包括:
在所述有源层的上方沉积栅绝缘层;
在所述栅绝缘层上方形成栅金属薄膜,通过构图工艺形成栅电极的图案,并对所述有源层两端的区域进行掺杂处理以形成离子掺杂区;
在所述栅电极上方形成层间绝缘层,并通过构图工艺形成贯穿所述栅绝缘层和层间绝缘层的绝缘层过孔,从而露出所述有源层两端的离子掺杂区;
在所述层间绝缘层上方形成源漏金属薄膜,并通过构图工艺形成源电极和漏电极,所述源电极和漏电极分别通过所述绝缘层过孔与所述有源层两端的离子掺杂区相连。
9.一种薄膜晶体管,其特征在于,所述薄膜晶体管采用权利要求6-8任一项所述的方法制得。
10.根据权利要求9所述的薄膜晶体管,其特征在于,所述基板的下表面形成有保温隔热层。
11.根据权利要求10所述的薄膜晶体管,其特征在于,所述保温隔热层由耐高温水性隔热保温材料形成。
12.一种阵列基板,其特征在于,包含权利要求9所述的薄膜晶体管。
13.一种显示装置,其特征在于,包含权利要求12所述的阵列基板。
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CN102651311A (zh) * 2011-12-20 2012-08-29 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种低温多晶硅薄膜的制备方法及低温多晶硅薄膜

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WO2014169601A1 (zh) * 2013-04-19 2014-10-23 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 低温多晶硅的制作方法、低温多晶硅薄膜和薄膜晶体管
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CN104658898A (zh) * 2013-11-22 2015-05-27 上海和辉光电有限公司 低温多晶硅薄膜的制作方法
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CN106206257A (zh) * 2016-08-12 2016-12-07 昆山国显光电有限公司 制备低温多晶硅薄膜及晶体管的方法
CN106920773A (zh) * 2017-03-10 2017-07-04 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种显示面板的制作方法、显示面板及显示装置
CN107422513A (zh) * 2017-07-28 2017-12-01 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 显示基板及其制造方法和显示装置
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