CN102835238B - Seedling raising method for pigment marigold - Google Patents
Seedling raising method for pigment marigold Download PDFInfo
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- CN102835238B CN102835238B CN201210312715.1A CN201210312715A CN102835238B CN 102835238 B CN102835238 B CN 102835238B CN 201210312715 A CN201210312715 A CN 201210312715A CN 102835238 B CN102835238 B CN 102835238B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling raising method for pigment marigold. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, strict seed treatment; 2, preparation of a nursery bed covering; 3, seedling raising in a shoot for cutting nursery; 4, management over the shoot for cutting nursery; and 5, cutting seedling raising in a cutting nursery. According to the method, the problem of climatic barriers to seedling raising nurseries in the construction of industrial development bases for the pigment marigold in two high mountain regions in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River is solved, and in addition, the problem that the pigment marigold is excessively grown in a seedling stage, and the growth of seedlings is not required to be restrained after the seedlings are transplanted or that the seedlings are passively planted provisionally when the seedlings cannot be timely transplanted due to the climate is effectively solved; seedling cost is saved; the per unit area yield of flowers is improved, and an upside-down condition is effectively prevented; and pest and disease damage is remarkably alleviated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of botanical seedling culturing method, particularly a kind of marigold with pigment seedling-cultivating method.
Background technology
The two high Mountain areas (height above sea level 800-1200m) of Middle And Upper Reaches of The Yangtze River, because of fertile soil (organic >=1.8%), (annual >=75%) with the humid air, day and night temperature large (round the clock ± 5-8 ℃), during Summer Drought long (the 7-8 month, Aztec marigold flowering stage), the average 3500kg/ mu of Aztec marigold per unit area yield of producing, lutein content average out to 20-22 ‰, belongs to marigold with pigment advantage growing area.
The difficulty of Dan Gai district development marigold with pigment industry is to grow seedlings and prophase management.Because in 70 days of this district long-term late March-late May, overcast and rainy day accounts for 60-85%; Cold wave frequency is 1 time/5-7 days, stable is generally 10-April 13 April by 15 ℃ of times.Therefore, do not adopt insulation to grow seedlings, must affect date of seeding and output.Employing Insulation is grown seedlings, and often because not transplanting in time young plant, forms high pin seedling, excessive growth seedling, seedbed management task weight, and behind transplanting land for growing field crops, because young plant quality is low, disease frequently occurs.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to want to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of and can effectively solve climatic obstacle problem, reduce seedling cost, improve and spend per unit area yield, effective resistant to lodging and alleviate the marigold with pigment seedling-cultivating method of disease worm.Method of the present invention is called: two garden two-section growing seedlings methods, and " two gardens " refers to cuttings garden, the cuttage garden that Aztec marigold is grown seedlings; " two-section growing seedlings " refers to that the seedling in cuttings garden grows seedlings the stage, the cuttage and seedling culture stage of cultivation seedling.
For realizing the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose of the present invention adopts, be:
A seedling-cultivating method for marigold with pigment, is characterized in that,
(1) grow seedlings in cuttings garden
(1.1) seed treatment
(1.1.1) through basking seeds, 15-20 hour basks seeds; Through winnowing, to remove after unfilled gtains, flat grain, disconnected awns grain and foreign material, every gram of seed grain number is 260-280 grain;
(1.1.2) seed disinfection;
(1.2) prepare in seedbed
(1.2.1) plot requires: the leeward ground, gentle slope facing south, and gradient 3-5 °, quality sand-light earth, fertile, organic matter >=do not plant Aztec marigold and plant of Solanaceae in 2%, three year;
(1.2.2) seedling medium soil is prepared: in autumn end last year, 40% (weight) peat fine powder is added to the stalk of 40% (weight) chopping, after adding again and mixing thoroughly the mixing of the dried poultrymanure of 20% (weight) or dry pig cow dung, according to every 1000kg, add the amount of the ecological probio stoste of 2～3kg to ferment to it, first at good oxygen condition bottom fermentation 15-20 days, again at anaerobic state bottom fermentation 20-30 days, reach without foul smell, the standard that has wine flavour to overflow, cover standbyly, the standby amount of seedling medium soil needs 2000kg for every mu of seedbed;
(1.3) grow seedlings in cuttings garden
(1.3.1) date of seeding: according to transplanting time, determine, stable by 15 ℃ of situations by temperature, bar fringe seedling raise period 10-15 days, cuttings garden seedling age 30-35 days, starts to adopt fringe and calculates;
(1.3.2) process in seedbed: after every mu soil insecticide 500g, soil fungicides 500g mix for seedbed, add 5-10kg fine earth to mix thoroughly and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields afterwards, then the rake of turning over is thin, and medicine, soil are fully mixed;
(1.3.3) ridging bedding, the high 10cm of furrow, the wide 100cm of furrow, furrow are long fixed according to the amount of growing seedlings, furrow face watt back of the body shape;
(1.3.4) spread paving seedling medium soil, thickness 1-1.5cm, after spreading, fully harrows seedling medium soil and nursery soil top layer evenly with rake, then harrow carefully smooth;
(1.3.5) sowing: the seed of handling well is come to standard sowing, 200 ± 8 of every square meters according to the spacing in the rows of 8cm * 6cm, line-spacing;
(1.3.6) earthing, water spray: after planting with the seedling medium soil of getting ready, cover, thickness is 0.7cm-0.8cm, according to the humidity of seedling medium soil, if be powdery, shows that water content is too low, need be by the i.e. loose degree of mixing, reaching pinch agglomerating after sprayer appropriateness water spray thoroughly, touching;
(1.3.7) double-deck overlay film: counterdie is laid on furrow face, arch film adopts without dripping film, outage 80-100cm in arch film;
(1.4) cuttings garden management
(1.4.1) film of revealing the inside story when emergence rate reaches 70-75%;
(1.4.2) start to ventilate during the just exhibition of seedling a slice true leaf;
(1.4.3) rough leaf is opened up entirely, second true leaf just open up, and the stable hardening that starts during by 13 ℃ of atmospheric temperature is carried out whole day hardening when atmospheric temperature is stable during by 15 ℃, promotes branch, and frame retains, and it is standby that arch film is placed in furrow ditch;
(1.4.4) start after hardening first frost MnZn of spraying in every 7 days and poisoning tick;
(1.4.5) start hardening after as 3 days above low temperature overcast and rainy days and cold wave, for preventing young plant frostbite and railway carriage or compartment, nursery face accumulated water, the arch film that will be preset in furrow ditch continues to cover, but only covers ceiling portion, surrounding keeps ventilation, after day clearing up, throws off in time.
(2) cuttage garden cuttage and seedling culture
(2.1) seedling medium soil is prepared: in autumn end last year, 40% (weight) peat fine powder is added to the stalk of 40% (weight) chopping, after adding again and mixing thoroughly the mixing of the dried poultrymanure of 20% (weight) or dry pig cow dung, according to every 1000kg, add the amount of the ecological probio stoste of 2～3kg to ferment to it, first at good oxygen condition bottom fermentation 15-20 days, again at anaerobic state bottom fermentation 20-30 days, reach without foul smell, the standard that has wine flavour to overflow, cover standbyly, the standby amount of seedling medium soil needs 2000kg for every mu of seedbed;
(2.2) process in seedbed: after every mu soil insecticide 500g, soil fungicides 500g mix for seedbed, add 5-10kg fine earth to mix thoroughly and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields afterwards, then the rake of turning over is thin, and medicine, soil are fully mixed;
(2.3) ridging bedding, the high 10cm of furrow, the wide 100cm of furrow, furrow are long fixed according to the amount of growing seedlings, furrow face watt back of the body shape;
(2.4) prepare in seedbed: during cuttage, every square metre with seedling medium soil 3-4kg, fully mixes with interior topsoil with furrow 5cm, if nursery soil and seedling medium soil are drier, water suitable quantity of water, reach pinch agglomerating, touch loose standard, then rake is carefully smooth;
(2.5) cuttings is prepared
(2.5.1) cuttings standard: cuttings garden seedling plant height 15cm ± 1cm, true leaf 3-3.5 couple, stem's branch starts to grow;
(2.5.2) cuttings is picked: with the secateurs after 75% alcohol disinfecting, rough leaf, save 1-2 centimetre place, top straight snips, and cut off the true leaf that cuttings is opened up entirely, cuttings branch bottom first segment retains 0.5-1.0cm below, and redundance cuts off, and clip is concordant;
(2.5.3) cuttings is processed, cuttings every 100 a branch of, with soft straw, gently restraint, when lobus cardiacus slightly now withers, the mud of preparing with root-inducing powder is stained with first segment position, cuttings bottom;
(2.5.4) cuttage: according to the spacing in the rows of 8cm * 6cm, line-spacing cuttage, every square metre of cuttage 210 strains, with first punching than the waddy of the bigger 1-2mm of diameter or bamboo let, hole depth 4-4.5cm, the cuttings of handling well is inserted gently, with the seedling medium soil in thumb and forefinger extruding seedbed, make cuttings and the fully combination of seedling medium soil, the cuttage degree of depth is 3cm ± 0.5cm;
(2.5.5) covered with sunshade net: adopting is highly the high canopy of 1.8-2.0m or highly for the short canopy of 0.8-1.0m all can;
(2.5.6) water spray: according to weather and soil regime, timely moisturizing while whitening in Table soil layer, keeps the skin wet in sprayer water spray mode, injection flow rate is advisable without ponding so that top layer is moistening, when moisturizing, as found the harm of disease worm in seedbed, in conjunction with water spray prevention and elimination of disease and pests;
(2.5.7) take off net hardening and spray the medicine fertilizer of getting married: general 2-3 days underground parts of cuttings start to take root, and overground part is turned green; Within 4-5 days, sprouting stretches out; Sunshade net can be thrown off at 6-7 days, within 8-10 days, started to sprout branch, in the time of 10-12 days, can transplant; Transplanting the first two day, all spraying phosphorus frost MnZn and add potassium dihydrogen phosphate amine to make dowry medicine fertile;
(2.5.8) reach high-quality seedling standard: look dark green, strong elegant anosis worm, height of seedling 13-15cm, branch 4-6, ground is through 0.4-0.7cm, through root amount 38-45 bar, fibrous root spread least radius >=2.0cm, the long 2-2.5cm in position of taking root, root pale, the snow-white taper of the tip of a root.
As preferably, described seed disinfection is that seed is wrapped up with white gauze, is placed in the hot water constant temperature disinfection 15 minutes of 55 ℃.
As preferably, the soil insecticide that process in described seedbed is that to smell dead, soil fungicides be carbendazim.
Taked after above-mentioned seedling-cultivating method, brought following obviously advantage:
1, this technology specific aim has solved the climatic obstacle problem of Seedlings nursery in the marigold with pigment industrialization development construction of base of the high Mountain area of Middle And Upper Reaches of The Yangtze River two, effectively control marigold with pigment excessive growth in seedling stage simultaneously, need not transplant rear restraining the growth of seedlings or because of climate reasons, can not transplant in time passive employing and heel in.
2, save seedling cost.
3, branch increases, and improves fresh marigold flower per unit area yield, the short effective resistant to lodging of Aztec marigold strain deformation.
4, sick worm obviously alleviates, and especially leaf spot and virus disease, epidemic disease obviously alleviate.
Embodiment:
In order to be described in more detail the present invention, below in conjunction with the concrete example of implementing, the present invention is done to further detailed description.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
(1) grow seedlings in cuttings garden
(1.1) seed treatment
(1.1.1) through basking seeds, 15-20 hour basks seeds; Through winnowing, to remove after unfilled gtains, flat grain, disconnected awns grain and foreign material, every gram of seed grain number is 260-280 grain;
(1.1.2) seed disinfection;
(1.2) prepare in seedbed
(1.2.1) plot requires: the leeward ground, gentle slope facing south, and gradient 3-5 °, quality sand-light earth, fertile (organic >=2%), did not plant Aztec marigold and plant of Solanaceae in 3 years;
(1.2.2) seedling medium soil is prepared: in autumn end last year, 40% (weight) peat fine powder is added to the stalk of 40% (weight) chopping, after adding again and mixing thoroughly the mixing of the dried poultrymanure of 20% (weight) or dry pig cow dung, according to every 1000kg, add the amount of the ecological probio stoste of 2～3kg to ferment to it, first at good oxygen condition bottom fermentation 15-20 days, again at anaerobic state bottom fermentation 20-30 days, reach without foul smell, the standard that has wine flavour to overflow, cover standbyly, the standby amount of seedling medium soil needs 2000kg for every mu of seedbed;
(1.3) grow seedlings in cuttings garden
(1.3.1) date of seeding: according to transplanting time, determine, stable by 15 ℃ of situations by temperature, bar fringe seedling raise period 10-15 days, cuttings garden seedling age 30-35 days, starts to adopt fringe and calculates;
(1.3.2) process in seedbed: after every mu soil insecticide 500g, soil fungicides 500g mix for seedbed, add 5-10kg fine earth to mix thoroughly and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields afterwards, then the rake of turning over is thin, and medicine, soil are fully mixed;
(1.3.3) ridging bedding, the high 10cm of furrow, the wide 100cm of furrow, furrow are long fixed according to the amount of growing seedlings, furrow face watt back of the body shape;
(1.3.4) spread paving seedling medium soil, thickness 1-1.5cm, after spreading, fully harrows seedling medium soil and nursery soil top layer evenly with rake, then harrow carefully smooth;
(1.3.5) sowing: the seed of handling well is come to standard sowing, 200 ± 8 of every square meters according to the spacing in the rows of 8cm * 6cm, line-spacing;
(1.3.6) earthing, water spray: after planting with the seedling medium soil of getting ready, cover, thickness is 0.7cm-0.8cm, according to the humidity of seedling medium soil, if be powdery, shows that water content is too low, need be by the i.e. loose degree of mixing, reaching pinch agglomerating after sprayer appropriateness water spray thoroughly, touching;
(1.3.7) double-deck overlay film: counterdie is laid on furrow face, arch film adopts without dripping film, outage 80-100cm in arch film;
(1.4) cuttings garden management
(1.4.1) film of revealing the inside story when emergence rate reaches 70-75%;
(1.4.2) start to ventilate during the just exhibition of seedling a slice true leaf;
(1.4.3) rough leaf is opened up entirely, second true leaf just open up, and the stable hardening that starts during by 13 ℃ of atmospheric temperature is carried out whole day hardening when atmospheric temperature is stable during by 15 ℃, promotes branch, and frame retains, and it is standby that arch film is placed in furrow ditch;
(1.4.4) start after hardening first frost MnZn of spraying in every 7 days and poisoning tick (using to specifications);
(1.4.5) start hardening after as 3 days above low temperature overcast and rainy days and cold wave, for preventing young plant frostbite and railway carriage or compartment, nursery face accumulated water, the arch film that will be preset in furrow ditch continues to cover, but only covers ceiling portion, surrounding keeps ventilation, after day clearing up, throws off in time.
(2) cuttage garden cuttage and seedling culture
(2.1) seedling medium soil is prepared: in autumn end last year, 40% (weight) peat fine powder is added to the stalk of 40% (weight) chopping, after adding again and mixing thoroughly the mixing of the dried poultrymanure of 20% (weight) or dry pig cow dung, according to every 1000kg, add the amount of the ecological probio stoste of 2～3kg to ferment to it, first at good oxygen condition bottom fermentation 15-20 days, again at anaerobic state bottom fermentation 20-30 days, reach without foul smell, the standard that has wine flavour to overflow, cover standbyly, the standby amount of seedling medium soil needs 2000kg for every mu of seedbed;
(2.2) process in seedbed: after every mu soil insecticide 500g, soil fungicides 500g mix for seedbed, add 5-10kg fine earth to mix thoroughly and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields afterwards, then the rake of turning over is thin, and medicine, soil are fully mixed;
(2.3) ridging bedding, the high 10cm of furrow, the wide 100cm of furrow, furrow are long fixed according to the amount of growing seedlings, furrow face watt back of the body shape;
(2.4) prepare in seedbed: during cuttage, every square metre with seedling medium soil 3-4kg, fully mixes with interior topsoil with furrow 5cm, if nursery soil and seedling medium soil are drier, water suitable quantity of water, reach pinch agglomerating, touch loose standard, then rake is carefully smooth;
(2.5) cuttings is prepared
(2.5.1) cuttings standard: cuttings garden seedling plant height 15cm ± 1cm, true leaf 3-3.5 couple, stem's branch starts to grow;
(2.5.2) cuttings is picked: with the secateurs after 75% alcohol disinfecting, rough leaf, save 1-2 centimetre place, top straight snips, and cut off the true leaf that cuttings is opened up entirely, cuttings branch bottom first segment retains 0.5-1.0cm below, and redundance cuts off, and clip is concordant;
(2.5.3) cuttings is processed, cuttings every 100 a branch of, with soft straw, gently restraint, when lobus cardiacus slightly now withers, the mud of preparing with root-inducing powder is stained with first segment position, cuttings bottom;
(2.5.4) cuttage: according to the spacing in the rows of 8cm * 6cm, line-spacing cuttage, every square metre of cuttage 210 strains, with first punching than the waddy of the bigger 1-2mm of diameter or bamboo let, hole depth 4-4.5cm, the cuttings of handling well is inserted gently, with the seedling medium soil in thumb and forefinger extruding seedbed, make cuttings and the fully combination of seedling medium soil, the cuttage degree of depth is 3cm ± 0.5cm;
(2.5.5) covered with sunshade net: adopting is highly the high canopy of 1.8-2.0m or highly for the short canopy of 0.8-1.0m all can;
(2.5.6) water spray: according to weather and soil regime, timely moisturizing while whitening in Table soil layer, keeps the skin wet in sprayer water spray mode, injection flow rate is advisable without ponding so that top layer is moistening, when moisturizing, as found the harm of disease worm in seedbed, in conjunction with water spray prevention and elimination of disease and pests;
(2.5.7) take off net hardening and spray the medicine fertilizer of getting married: general 2-3 days underground parts of cuttings start to take root, and overground part is turned green; Within 4-5 days, sprouting stretches out; Sunshade net can be thrown off at 6-7 days, within 8-10 days, started to sprout branch, in the time of 10-12 days, can transplant; Transplanting the first two day, all spraying phosphorus frost MnZn and add potassium dihydrogen phosphate amine to make dowry medicine fertile;
(2.5.8) reach high-quality seedling standard: look dark green, strong elegant anosis worm, height of seedling 13-15cm, branch 4-6, ground is through 0.4-0.7cm, through root amount 38-45 bar, fibrous root spread least radius >=2.0cm, the long 2-2.5cm in position of taking root, root pale, the snow-white taper of the tip of a root.
As preferably, described seed disinfection is that seed is wrapped up with white gauze, is placed in the hot water constant temperature disinfection 15 minutes of 55 ℃.
As preferably, described soil insecticide is that to smell dead, soil fungicides be carbendazim.
Adopted after above-mentioned seedling-cultivating method, brought following obviously advantage:
1, solved targetedly the climatic obstacle problem of Seedlings nursery in the marigold with pigment industrialization development construction of base of the high Mountain area of Middle And Upper Reaches of The Yangtze River two, this method is effectively controlled marigold with pigment excessive growth in seedling stage simultaneously, need not transplant rear restraining the growth of seedlings or because of climate reasons, can not transplant in time passive employing and heel in.
2, save seedling cost:
(1) economize on and plant and the input of growing seedlings.By 12000 yuan/kg of current marigold with pigment F1 seed price, the sub-seed costs of every young plant is 0.04 yuan/strain, with this seedling, educates method, every strain seedling can be adopted 3 cuttings (7-8 days once) and pick cuttings amount and be: 1 for the first time, 2-3 branch for the second time, 4-6 branch for the third time, average 7.Seedling 6 strains, add cuttings garden maternal plant, totally 7 strains, and 0.006 yuan of individual plant seedling cost, saves 85%;
(2) adopt low canopy feeding block seedlings raising of traditional insulation overlay film, every mu of seedling 2400-2600 strain for field-transplanting, mu is 486 yuan with seedling cost, adopts this seedling-cultivating method, every mu of field seedling raising cost is 314 yuan, saves 171 yuan, saves 35%.
3, branch increases, and improves flower per unit area yield, the short effective resistant to lodging of strain deformation.Through comparative trial, the short 13-15 centimetre of Aztec marigold plant height that the Aztec marigold of this seedling-cultivating method cultivation is grown seedlings than traditional seed sowing, first couple of short 5-7cm in branch position, the many 10-12 piece of single flower number, the high 270.9kg of output, non-lodging.
4, sick worm obviously alleviates, and especially leaf spot and virus disease, epidemic disease obviously alleviate.
Subordinate list 1: the different seedling raising manners seedling of marigold with pigment gesture comparison sheet
Subordinate list 2: the sick worm application form of the different seedling raising mannerses of marigold with pigment
Illustrate: (1) 2011 year enshi occurred that brown leaf spot is popular partly, caused nearly 1000 plot underproduction 70-80%.
(2) experimental cultivar: marigold with pigment crossbreed f1.
(3) vegetative growth phase, reproductive stage investigation area are 25 mu, and wherein this method nursery is 3.5 mu, 18.5 mu of short canopy nutritive cubes, and the place investigation of two phases is identical.
(4) the short canopy nutritive cube of seedling stage diseases and pests is grown seedlings with 3000 mu of 30000m
2base seedlings investigation mean value.This method is 2000 square metres of cuttage and seedling culture nursery Pests mean values.
Subordinate list 3: the different seedling raising manners output of marigold with pigment application form
Illustrate: (1) experimental cultivar: marigold with pigment crossbreed f1
(2) to spend number and single flower counterpoise be to repeat for three times in strain, repeats mark meter at every turn and observe the strain 10 strains real mean value that produces of totally 30 strains;
(3) for examination soil, be that paddy field changes the nonirrigated farmland soil of 2 years, land readjustment, every conventional detection index ± 0.05% of community fertility difference, negligible.
Claims (2)
1. a seedling-cultivating method for marigold with pigment, is characterized in that,
(1) grow seedlings in cuttings garden
(1.1) seed treatment
(1.1.1) through basking seeds, 15-20 hour basks seeds; Through winnowing, to remove after unfilled gtains, flat grain, disconnected awns grain and foreign material, every gram of seed grain number is 260-280 grain;
(1.1.2) seed disinfection;
(1.2) prepare in seedbed
(1.2.1) plot requires: the leeward ground, gentle slope facing south, and gradient 3-5 °, the light earth of quality sand one, fertile, organic matter >=do not plant Aztec marigold and plant of Solanaceae in 2%, three year;
(1.2.2) seedling medium soil is prepared: in autumn end last year, 40% (weight) peat fine powder is added to the stalk of 40% (weight) chopping, after adding again and mixing thoroughly the mixing of the dried poultrymanure of 20% (weight) or dry pig cow dung, according to every 1000kg, add the amount of the ecological probio stoste of 2～3kg to ferment to it, first at good oxygen condition bottom fermentation 15-20 days, again at anaerobic state bottom fermentation 20-30 days, reach without foul smell, the standard that has wine flavour to overflow, cover standbyly, the standby amount of seedling medium soil needs 2000kg for every mu of seedbed;
(1.3) grow seedlings in cuttings garden
(1.3.1) date of seeding; According to transplanting time, determine, stable by 15 ℃ of situations by temperature, bar fringe seedling raise period 10-15 days, cuttings garden seedling age 30-35 days, starts to adopt fringe and calculates;
(1.3.2) process in seedbed: after every mu soil insecticide 500g, soil fungicides 500g mix for seedbed, add 5-10kg fine earth to mix thoroughly and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields afterwards, then the rake of turning over is thin, and medicine, soil are fully mixed;
(1.3.3) ridging bedding, the high 10cm of furrow, the wide 100cm of furrow, furrow are long fixed according to the amount of growing seedlings, furrow face watt back of the body shape;
(1.3.4) spread paving seedling medium soil, thickness 1-1.5cm, after spreading, fully harrows seedling medium soil and nursery soil top layer evenly with rake, then harrow carefully smooth;
(1.3.5) sowing: the seed of handling well is come to standard sowing, 200 ± 8 of every square meters according to the spacing in the rows of 8cm * 6cm, line-spacing;
(1.3.6) earthing, water spray; After planting with the seedling medium soil of getting ready, cover, thickness is 0.7cm-0.8cm, according to the humidity of seedling medium soil, if be powdery, shows that water content is too low, need be by the i.e. loose degree of mixing, reaching pinch agglomerating after sprayer appropriateness water spray thoroughly, touching;
(1.3.7) double-deck overlay film: counterdie is laid on furrow face, arch film adopts without dripping film, outage 80-100cm in arch film;
(1.4) cuttings garden management
(1.4.1) film of revealing the inside story when emergence rate reaches 70-75%;
(1.4.2) start to ventilate during the just exhibition of seedling a slice true leaf;
(1.4.3) rough leaf is opened up entirely, second true leaf just open up, and the stable hardening that starts during by 13 ℃ of atmospheric temperature is carried out whole day hardening when atmospheric temperature is stable during by 15 ℃, promotes branch, and frame retains, and it is standby that arch film is placed in furrow ditch;
(1.4.4) start after hardening first frost MnZn of spraying in every 7 days and poisoning tick;
(1.4.5) start hardening after as 3 days above low temperature overcast and rainy days and cold wave, for preventing young plant frostbite and railway carriage or compartment, nursery face accumulated water, the arch film that will be preset in furrow ditch continues to cover, but only covers ceiling portion, surrounding keeps ventilation, after day clearing up, throws off in time;
(2) cuttage garden cuttage and seedling culture
(2.1) seedling medium soil is prepared: in autumn end last year, 40% (weight) peat fine powder is added to the stalk of 40% (weight) chopping, after adding again and mixing thoroughly the mixing of the dried poultrymanure of 20% (weight) or dry pig cow dung, according to every 1000kg, add the amount of the ecological probio stoste of 2～3kg to ferment to it, first at good oxygen condition bottom fermentation 15-20 days, again at anaerobic state bottom fermentation 20-30 days, reach without foul smell, the standard that has wine flavour to overflow, cover standbyly, the standby amount of seedling medium soil needs 2000kg for every mu of seedbed;
(2.2) process in seedbed: after every mu soil insecticide 500g, soil fungicides 500g mix for seedbed, add 5-10kg fine earth to mix thoroughly and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields afterwards, then the rake of turning over is thin, and medicine, soil are fully mixed;
(2.3) ridging bedding, the high 10cm of furrow, the wide 100cm of furrow, furrow are long fixed according to the amount of growing seedlings, furrow face watt back of the body shape;
(2.4) prepare in seedbed: during cuttage, every square metre with seedling medium soil 3-4kg, fully mixes with interior topsoil with furrow 5cm, if nursery soil and seedling medium soil are drier, water suitable quantity of water, reach pinch agglomerating, touch loose standard, then rake is carefully smooth;
(2.5) cuttings is prepared
(2.5.1) cuttings standard: cuttings garden seedling plant height 15cm ± 1cm, true leaf 3-3.5 couple, stem's branch starts to grow;
(2.5.2) cuttings is picked: with the secateurs after 75% alcohol disinfecting, rough leaf, save 1-2 centimetre place, top straight snips, and cut off the true leaf that cuttings is opened up entirely, cuttings branch bottom first segment retains 0.5-1.0cm below, and redundance cuts off, and clip is concordant;
(2.5.3) cuttings is processed, cuttings every 100 a branch of, with soft straw, gently restraint, when lobus cardiacus slightly now withers, the mud of preparing with root-inducing powder is stained with first segment position, cuttings bottom;
(2.5.4) cuttage: according to the spacing in the rows of 8cm * 6cm, line-spacing cuttage, every square metre of cuttage 210 strains, with first punching than the waddy of the bigger 1-2mm of diameter or bamboo let, hole depth 4-4.5cm, the cuttings of handling well is inserted gently, with the seedling medium soil in thumb and forefinger extruding seedbed, make cuttings and the fully combination of seedling medium soil, the cuttage degree of depth is 3cm ± 0.5cm;
(2.5.5) covered with sunshade net: adopting is highly the high canopy of 1.8-2.0m or highly for the short canopy of 0.8-1.0m all can;
(2.5.6) water spray: according to weather and soil regime, timely moisturizing while whitening in Table soil layer, keeps the skin wet in sprayer water spray mode, injection flow rate is advisable without ponding so that top layer is moistening, when moisturizing, as found the harm of disease worm in seedbed, in conjunction with water spray prevention and elimination of disease and pests;
(2.5.7) take off net hardening and spray the medicine fertilizer of getting married: 2-3 days underground parts of cuttings start to take root, and overground part is turned green; Within 4-5 days, sprouting stretches out; Sunshade net was thrown off in the time of 6-7 days, within 8-10 days, started to sprout branch, in the time of 10-12 days, transplanted; Transplanting the first two day, all spraying first frost MnZn and add ammonium potassium dihydrogen phosphate to make dowry medicine fertile.
2. a seedling-cultivating method for marigold with pigment, is characterized in that, described seed disinfection is that seed is wrapped up with white gauze, is placed in the hot water constant temperature disinfection 15 minutes of 55 ℃.
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| CN103250529B (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2014-12-17 | 池州市天健生态农业发展有限公司 | Method of cultivating chrysanthemum by probiotic nutrients |
| CN103250531B (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2014-12-31 | 池州市天健生态农业发展有限公司 | Zinc supplement method for cultivating chrysanthemum |
| CN103621276B (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2015-04-08 | 秦兰娟 | Method of growing seedlings of senecio cineraria in open field |
| CN105052531A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-11-18 | 临汾市尧都区陶然星社种植专业合作社 | Method for culturing seedlings of marigold |
| CN111528032A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-14 | 云南博浩生物科技集团股份有限公司 | Planting method of organic marigold |
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