CN102835238A - Seedling raising method for pigment marigold - Google Patents
Seedling raising method for pigment marigold Download PDFInfo
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- CN102835238A CN102835238A CN2012103127151A CN201210312715A CN102835238A CN 102835238 A CN102835238 A CN 102835238A CN 2012103127151 A CN2012103127151 A CN 2012103127151A CN 201210312715 A CN201210312715 A CN 201210312715A CN 102835238 A CN102835238 A CN 102835238A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling raising method for pigment marigold. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, strict seed treatment; 2, preparation of a nursery bed covering; 3, seedling raising in a shoot for cutting nursery; 4, management over the shoot for cutting nursery; and 5, cutting seedling raising in a cutting nursery. According to the method, the problem of climatic barriers to seedling raising nurseries in the construction of industrial development bases for the pigment marigold in two high mountain regions in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River is solved, and in addition, the problem that the pigment marigold is excessively grown in a seedling stage, and the growth of seedlings is not required to be restrained after the seedlings are transplanted or that the seedlings are passively planted provisionally when the seedlings cannot be timely transplanted due to the climate is effectively solved; seedling cost is saved; the per unit area yield of flowers is improved, and an upside-down condition is effectively prevented; and pest and disease damage is remarkably alleviated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of botanical seedling culturing method, particularly a kind of marigold with pigment seedling-cultivating method.
Background technology
The two high mountains areas (height above sea level 800-1200m) of the Changjiang river middle and upper reaches; Because of fertile soil (organic >=1.8%), (annual >=75%) with the humid air, day and night temperature big (round the clock ± 5-8 ℃); Phase in dry season long (the 7-8 month, Aztec marigold flowering stage); The average 3500kg/ mu of producing of Aztec marigold per unit area yield, lutein content average out to 20-22 ‰ belongs to marigold with pigment advantage growing area.
But the difficulty of this district's development marigold with pigment industry is to grow seedlings and prophase management.Because be somebody's turn to do in 70 days that distinguish long-term late March-late May, overcast and rainy day accounts for 60-85%; The cold wave frequency is 1 time/5-7 days, stablely is generally 10-April 13 April through 15 ℃ of times.Therefore, do not adopt insulation to grow seedlings, must influence date of seeding and output.Adopt the insulation measure to grow seedlings, often form high pin seedling, excessive growth seedling because of can not in time transplanting young plant, the seedbed management task is heavy, and because of the young plant quality is low, disease frequently takes place behind the transplanting land for growing field crops.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to want to overcome the deficiency that exists in the prior art, provide a kind of and can effectively solve the weather problem on obstacle, reduce seedling cost, improve and spend per unit area yield, effective resistant to lodging and alleviate the marigold with pigment seedling-cultivating method of disease worm.Method of the present invention is called: two garden two-section growing seedlings methods, " two gardens " refer to slotting fringe garden, the cuttage garden that Aztec marigold is grown seedlings; " two-section growing seedlings " refers to that the seedling of inserting the fringe garden grows seedlings the stage in cuttage and seedling culture stage of cultivation seedling.
For realizing that the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose of the present invention adopts is:
A kind of seedling-cultivating method of marigold with pigment is characterized in that,
(1) inserting the fringe garden grows seedlings
(1.1) seed treatment
(1.1.1), basked seeds 15-20 hour through basking seeds; Through winnowing, behind removal unfilled gtains, flat grain, disconnected awns grain and the foreign material, every gram seed grain number is the 260-280 grain;
(1.1.2) seed disinfection;
(1.2) prepare in the seedbed
(1.2.1) plot requires: the leeward ground, gentle slope that faces south, and gradient 3-5 °, quality sand-light earth, fertile, organic matter >=do not plant Aztec marigold and plant of Solanaceae in 2%, three year;
(1.2.2) seedling medium soil is prepared: the stalk that 40% (weight) peat fine powder is added 40% (weight) chopping in autumn end last year; After adding the mixing thoroughly the mixing of dried poultrymanure or dried pig cow dung of 20% (weight) again, the amount that adds the ecological probio stoste of 2～3kg according to every 1000kg is fermented to it, earlier good oxygen condition bottom fermentation 15-20 days; Again anaerobic state bottom fermentation 20-30 days; The standard that reaches no foul smell, has wine flavour to overflow covers subsequent usely, and seedling medium soil is equipped with amount needs 2000kg for every mu of seedbed;
(1.3) inserting the fringe garden grows seedlings
(1.3.1) date of seeding: confirm that according to transplanting time it is stable through under 15 ℃ of situation to press temperature, bar fringe seedling raise period 10-15 days was inserted fringe garden seedling age 30-35 days, began to adopt fringe and calculated;
(1.3.2) handle in the seedbed: after mix with soil insecticide 500g, soil fungicides 500g in every mu of seedbed, add and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields after the 5-10kg fine earth is mixed thoroughly, the rake of turning over again is thin, and medicine, soil are fully mixed;
(1.3.3) ridging bedding, the high 10cm of furrow, the wide 100cm of furrow, furrow are long fixed according to the amount of growing seedlings, furrow face watt back of the body shape;
(1.3.4) spread shop seedling medium soil, thickness 1-1.5cm after spreading, fully harrows seedling medium soil and nursery soil top layer evenly with rake, harrow carefully smooth again;
(1.3.5) sowing: the seed of handling well is come standard sowing, 200 ± 8 of every square meters according to spacing in the rows, the line-spacing of 8cm * 6cm;
(1.3.6) earthing, water spray: after planting cover with the seedling medium soil of getting ready; Thickness is 0.7cm-0.8cm, based on the humidity of seedling medium soil, shows that water content is low excessively if be powdery; Need with the degree of promptly loosing of mixing, reaching pinch agglomerating behind the sprayer appropriateness water spray thoroughly, touching;
(1.3.7) double-deck overlay film: counterdie is tiled on the furrow face, and the arch film adopts does not have the film of dripping, outage 80-100cm in the arch film;
(1.4) insert the management of fringe garden
The film of revealing the inside story when (1.4.1) emergence rate reaches 70-75%;
(1.4.2) begin to ventilate during the exhibition just of seedling a slice true leaf;
(1.4.3) rough leaf is opened up entirely, second true leaf just open up, and atmospheric temperature is stable to begin to refine seedling during through 13 ℃, carries out whole day refining seedling when atmospheric temperature is stable during through 15 ℃, promotes branch, and frame keeps, and the arch film places the furrow ditch subsequent use;
(1.4.4) begin to refine seedling after, first of spraying in per 7 days frost MnZn and poisoning tick;
(1.4.5) begin to refine behind the seedling,, the arch film that is preset in the furrow ditch is continued to cover, but only cover ceiling portion, keep all around ventilating, in time throw off after the sky clears up for preventing young plant frostbite and railway carriage or compartment, nursery face accumulated water like low temperature overcast and rainy day and cold wave more than 3 days.
(2) cuttage garden cuttage and seedling culture
(2.1) seedling medium soil is prepared: the stalk that 40% (weight) peat fine powder is added 40% (weight) chopping in autumn end last year; After adding the mixing thoroughly the mixing of dried poultrymanure or dried pig cow dung of 20% (weight) again, the amount that adds the ecological probio stoste of 2～3kg according to every 1000kg is fermented to it, earlier good oxygen condition bottom fermentation 15-20 days; Again anaerobic state bottom fermentation 20-30 days; The standard that reaches no foul smell, has wine flavour to overflow covers subsequent usely, and seedling medium soil is equipped with amount needs 2000kg for every mu of seedbed;
(2.2) handle in the seedbed: after mix with soil insecticide 500g, soil fungicides 500g in every mu of seedbed, add and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields after the 5-10kg fine earth is mixed thoroughly, the rake of turning over again is thin, and medicine, soil are fully mixed;
(2.3) ridging bedding, the high 10cm of furrow, the wide 100cm of furrow, furrow are long fixed according to the amount of growing seedlings, furrow face watt back of the body shape;
(2.4) prepare in the seedbed: during cuttage, every square metre with seedling medium soil 3-4kg, fully mixes with interior topsoil with furrow 5cm; If nursery soil and seedling medium soil are relatively drier; Then water suitable quantity of water, reach pinch agglomerating, touch the standard of promptly loosing, rake is carefully smooth again;
(2.5) inserting fringe prepares
(2.5.1) insert the fringe standard: insert fringe garden seedling plant height 15cm ± 1cm, true leaf 3-3.5 is right, and stem's branch begins to grow;
(2.5.2) inserting fringe picks: save 1-2 centimetre place, top straight snips with the secateurs behind 75% the alcohol disinfecting rough leaf, and cut off the true leaf that slotting fringe is opened up entirely, insert the following 0.5-1.0cm of reservation of cladus bottom first segment, redundance cuts off, and clip is concordant;
(2.5.3) insert fringe and handle, insert fringe per 100 a branch of, gently restraint with soft straw, when treating that lobus cardiacus slightly withers at present, be stained with slotting first segment position, fringe bottom with the mud of root-inducing powder preparation;
(2.5.4) cuttage: according to spacing in the rows, the line-spacing cuttage of 8cm * 6cm; Every square metre of cuttage 210 strains; Use waddy or bamboo let punching earlier than plugged ear somewhat larger in diameter 1-2mm; Hole depth 4-4.5cm; The plugged ear of handling well is inserted gently; With the seedling medium soil in thumb and forefinger extruding seedbed, plugged ear is fully combined with seedling medium soil, the cuttage degree of depth is 3cm ± 0.5cm;
(2.5.5) cover the sunshade net: employing highly is the high canopy of 1.8-2.0m or highly all can for the short canopy of 0.8-1.0m;
(2.5.6) water spray: based on weather and soil regime, timely moisturizing when seeing the topsoil whiting keeps the skin wet with sprayer water spray mode; Injection flow rate is advisable with the moistening no ponding in top layer; When moisturizing, find the harm of disease worm like the seedbed, then combine the water spray prevention and elimination of disease and pests;
(2.5.7) take off net refining seedling and spray the medicine fertilizer of getting married: insert general 2-3 days underground parts of fringe and begin to take root, overground part is turned green; Sprouting stretched out in 4-5 days; The sunshade net can be thrown off at 6-7 days, and 8-10 days begin to sprout branch, can transplant in the time of 10-12 days; Transplanting the first two day, all spraying phosphorus frost MnZn and add biphosphate potassium amine to make the dowry medicine fertile;
(2.5.8) reach high-quality seedling standard: look dark green, strong elegant anosis worm, and height of seedling 13-15cm, branch 4-6, ground is through 0.4-0.7cm, through root amount 38-45 bar, fibrous root spread least radius >=2.0cm, the long 2-2.5cm in the position of taking root, root pale, the snow-white taper of the tip of a root.
As preferably, said seed disinfection is that seed is wrapped up with white gauze, places 55 ℃ hot water constant temperature sterilization 15 minutes.
As preferably, the soil insecticide that handle in said seedbed is that to smell dead, soil fungicides be carbendazim.
After having taked above-mentioned seedling-cultivating method, bring following obviously advantage:
1, the present technique specific aim has solved the weather problem on obstacle of Seedlings nursery in the marigold with pigment industrialization development construction of base of the Changjiang river middle and upper reaches two high mountains area; Control marigold with pigment excessive growth in seedling stage simultaneously effectively need not be transplanted the back restraining the growth of seedlings or can not in time be transplanted passive employing because of climate reasons and heel in.
2, practice thrift seedling cost.
3, branch increases, and improves the fresh marigold flower per unit area yield, the short effective resistant to lodging of Aztec marigold strain deformation.
4, sick worm obviously alleviates, and especially leaf spot and virus disease, eqpidemic disease obviously alleviate.
Embodiment:
In order more to specify the present invention, the present invention is done further detailed description below in conjunction with the example of practical implementation.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is:
(1) inserting the fringe garden grows seedlings
(1.1) seed treatment
(1.1.1), basked seeds 15-20 hour through basking seeds; Through winnowing, behind removal unfilled gtains, flat grain, disconnected awns grain and the foreign material, every gram seed grain number is the 260-280 grain;
(1.1.2) seed disinfection;
(1.2) prepare in the seedbed
(1.2.1) plot requires: the leeward ground, gentle slope that faces south, and gradient 3-5 °, quality sand-light earth, fertile (organic >=2%) was not planted Aztec marigold and plant of Solanaceae in 3 years;
(1.2.2) seedling medium soil is prepared: the stalk that 40% (weight) peat fine powder is added 40% (weight) chopping in autumn end last year; After adding the mixing thoroughly the mixing of dried poultrymanure or dried pig cow dung of 20% (weight) again, the amount that adds the ecological probio stoste of 2～3kg according to every 1000kg is fermented to it, earlier good oxygen condition bottom fermentation 15-20 days; Again anaerobic state bottom fermentation 20-30 days; The standard that reaches no foul smell, has wine flavour to overflow covers subsequent usely, and seedling medium soil is equipped with amount needs 2000kg for every mu of seedbed;
(1.3) inserting the fringe garden grows seedlings
(1.3.1) date of seeding: confirm that according to transplanting time it is stable through under 15 ℃ of situation to press temperature, bar fringe seedling raise period 10-15 days was inserted fringe garden seedling age 30-35 days, began to adopt fringe and calculated;
(1.3.2) handle in the seedbed: after mix with soil insecticide 500g, soil fungicides 500g in every mu of seedbed, add and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields after the 5-10kg fine earth is mixed thoroughly, the rake of turning over again is thin, and medicine, soil are fully mixed;
(1.3.3) ridging bedding, the high 10cm of furrow, the wide 100cm of furrow, furrow are long fixed according to the amount of growing seedlings, furrow face watt back of the body shape;
(1.3.4) spread shop seedling medium soil, thickness 1-1.5cm after spreading, fully harrows seedling medium soil and nursery soil top layer evenly with rake, harrow carefully smooth again;
(1.3.5) sowing: the seed of handling well is come standard sowing, 200 ± 8 of every square meters according to spacing in the rows, the line-spacing of 8cm * 6cm;
(1.3.6) earthing, water spray: after planting cover with the seedling medium soil of getting ready; Thickness is 0.7cm-0.8cm, based on the humidity of seedling medium soil, shows that water content is low excessively if be powdery; Need with the degree of promptly loosing of mixing, reaching pinch agglomerating behind the sprayer appropriateness water spray thoroughly, touching;
(1.3.7) double-deck overlay film: counterdie is tiled on the furrow face, and the arch film adopts does not have the film of dripping, outage 80-100cm in the arch film;
(1.4) insert the management of fringe garden
The film of revealing the inside story when (1.4.1) emergence rate reaches 70-75%;
(1.4.2) begin to ventilate during the exhibition just of seedling a slice true leaf;
(1.4.3) rough leaf is opened up entirely, second true leaf just open up, and atmospheric temperature is stable to begin to refine seedling during through 13 ℃, carries out whole day refining seedling when atmospheric temperature is stable during through 15 ℃, promotes branch, and frame keeps, and the arch film places the furrow ditch subsequent use;
(1.4.4) begin to refine seedling after, first of spraying in per 7 days frost MnZn and poisoning tick (using to specifications);
(1.4.5) begin to refine behind the seedling,, the arch film that is preset in the furrow ditch is continued to cover, but only cover ceiling portion, keep all around ventilating, in time throw off after the sky clears up for preventing young plant frostbite and railway carriage or compartment, nursery face accumulated water like low temperature overcast and rainy day and cold wave more than 3 days.
(2) cuttage garden cuttage and seedling culture
(2.1) seedling medium soil is prepared: the stalk that 40% (weight) peat fine powder is added 40% (weight) chopping in autumn end last year; After adding the mixing thoroughly the mixing of dried poultrymanure or dried pig cow dung of 20% (weight) again, the amount that adds the ecological probio stoste of 2～3kg according to every 1000kg is fermented to it, earlier good oxygen condition bottom fermentation 15-20 days; Again anaerobic state bottom fermentation 20-30 days; The standard that reaches no foul smell, has wine flavour to overflow covers subsequent usely, and seedling medium soil is equipped with amount needs 2000kg for every mu of seedbed;
(2.2) handle in the seedbed: after mix with soil insecticide 500g, soil fungicides 500g in every mu of seedbed, add and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields after the 5-10kg fine earth is mixed thoroughly, the rake of turning over again is thin, and medicine, soil are fully mixed;
(2.3) ridging bedding, the high 10cm of furrow, the wide 100cm of furrow, furrow are long fixed according to the amount of growing seedlings, furrow face watt back of the body shape;
(2.4) prepare in the seedbed: during cuttage, every square metre with seedling medium soil 3-4kg, fully mixes with interior topsoil with furrow 5cm; If nursery soil and seedling medium soil are relatively drier; Then water suitable quantity of water, reach pinch agglomerating, touch the standard of promptly loosing, rake is carefully smooth again;
(2.5) inserting fringe prepares
(2.5.1) insert the fringe standard: insert fringe garden seedling plant height 15cm ± 1cm, true leaf 3-3.5 is right, and stem's branch begins to grow;
(2.5.2) inserting fringe picks: save 1-2 centimetre place, top straight snips with the secateurs behind 75% the alcohol disinfecting rough leaf, and cut off the true leaf that slotting fringe is opened up entirely, insert the following 0.5-1.0cm of reservation of cladus bottom first segment, redundance cuts off, and clip is concordant;
(2.5.3) insert fringe and handle, insert fringe per 100 a branch of, gently restraint with soft straw, when treating that lobus cardiacus slightly withers at present, be stained with slotting first segment position, fringe bottom with the mud of root-inducing powder preparation;
(2.5.4) cuttage: according to spacing in the rows, the line-spacing cuttage of 8cm * 6cm; Every square metre of cuttage 210 strains; Use waddy or bamboo let punching earlier than plugged ear somewhat larger in diameter 1-2mm; Hole depth 4-4.5cm; The plugged ear of handling well is inserted gently; With the seedling medium soil in thumb and forefinger extruding seedbed, plugged ear is fully combined with seedling medium soil, the cuttage degree of depth is 3cm ± 0.5cm;
(2.5.5) cover the sunshade net: employing highly is the high canopy of 1.8-2.0m or highly all can for the short canopy of 0.8-1.0m;
(2.5.6) water spray: based on weather and soil regime, timely moisturizing when seeing the topsoil whiting keeps the skin wet with sprayer water spray mode; Injection flow rate is advisable with the moistening no ponding in top layer; When moisturizing, find the harm of disease worm like the seedbed, then combine the water spray prevention and elimination of disease and pests;
(2.5.7) take off net refining seedling and spray the medicine fertilizer of getting married: insert general 2-3 days underground parts of fringe and begin to take root, overground part is turned green; Sprouting stretched out in 4-5 days; The sunshade net can be thrown off at 6-7 days, and 8-10 days begin to sprout branch, can transplant in the time of 10-12 days; Transplanting the first two day, all spraying phosphorus frost MnZn and add biphosphate potassium amine to make the dowry medicine fertile;
(2.5.8) reach high-quality seedling standard: look dark green, strong elegant anosis worm, and height of seedling 13-15cm, branch 4-6, ground is through 0.4-0.7cm, through root amount 38-45 bar, fibrous root spread least radius >=2.0cm, the long 2-2.5cm in the position of taking root, root pale, the snow-white taper of the tip of a root.
As preferably, said seed disinfection is that seed is wrapped up with white gauze, places 55 ℃ hot water constant temperature sterilization 15 minutes.
As preferably, said soil insecticide is that to smell dead, soil fungicides be carbendazim.
After having adopted above-mentioned seedling-cultivating method, bring following obviously advantage:
1, solved the weather problem on obstacle of Seedlings nursery in the marigold with pigment industrialization development construction of base of the Changjiang river middle and upper reaches two high mountains area targetedly; Simultaneously this method is effectively controlled marigold with pigment excessive growth in seedling stage, need not transplant the back restraining the growth of seedlings or can not in time transplant passive employing because of climate reasons and heel in.
2, practice thrift seedling cost:
(1) economizes on the kind and the input of growing seedlings.By 12000 yuan/kg of present marigold with pigment F1 seed price, the sub-seed costs of every young plant is 0.04 yuan/strain, educates method with this seedling; Every strain seedling can be adopted 3 slotting fringes (7-8 days once) and pick and insert the fringe amount and be: 1 for the first time; 2-3 branch for the second time, 4-6 branch for the third time, average 7.Become seedling 6 strains, add and insert fringe garden maternal plant, totally 7 strains, 0.006 yuan of individual plant seedling cost practices thrift 85%;
(2) adopt the low frame canopy feeding block seedlings raising of traditional insulation overlay film, every mu of field-transplanting seedling 2400-2600 strain, mu is 486 yuan with the seedling cost, adopts this method for culturing seedlings, every mu of field seedling raising cost is 314 yuan, saves 171 yuan, saves 35%.
3, branch increases, and improves the flower per unit area yield, the short effective resistant to lodging of strain deformation.Through comparative trial, the short 13-15 centimetre of Aztec marigold plant height that the Aztec marigold of this seedling-cultivating method cultivation is grown seedlings than traditional seed sowing, many 10-12 of the first couple of short 5-7cm in branch position, single flower numbers, the high 270.9kg of output, non-lodging.
4, sick worm obviously alleviates, and especially leaf spot and virus disease, eqpidemic disease obviously alleviate.
Subordinate list 1: the different seedling raising manners seedling of marigold with pigment gesture comparison sheet
Subordinate list 2: the sick worm application form of the different seedling raising mannerses of marigold with pigment
Explain: it is popular that brown partly leaf spot took place for (1) 2011 year enshi, causes nearly 1000 plot underproduction 70-80%.
(2) experimental cultivar: marigold with pigment crossbreed f1.
(3) vegetative growth phase, reproductive stage investigation area are 25 mu, grow seedlings 3.5 mu on ground of this method wherein, and 18.5 mu of short canopy nutritive cubes, the places investigation of two phases is identical.
(4) the short canopy nutritive cube of seedling stage diseases and pests is grown seedlings with 3000 mu of 30000m
2Mean value is investigated in the base seedling stage.This method is 2000 square metres of cuttage and seedling culture nursery damage by disease and insect investigation mean values.
Subordinate list 3: the different seedling raising manners output of marigold with pigment application form
Explain: (1) experimental cultivar: marigold with pigment crossbreed f1
(2) to spend number and single flower counterpoise be to repeat for three times in strain, repeats to mark meter at every turn and observe the strain 10 strains real mean value that produces of totally 30 strains;
(3) supplying examination soil is that the paddy field changes the soil in 2 years in nonirrigated farmland, land readjustment, and sub-district fertility difference each item conventional sense index ± 0.05% can be ignored.
Claims (3)
1. the seedling-cultivating method of a marigold with pigment is characterized in that,
(1) inserting the fringe garden grows seedlings
(1.1) seed treatment
(1.1.1), basked seeds 15-20 hour through basking seeds; Through winnowing, behind removal unfilled gtains, flat grain, disconnected awns grain and the foreign material, every gram seed grain number is the 260-280 grain;
(1.1.2) seed disinfection;
(1.2) prepare in the seedbed
(1.2.1) plot requires: the leeward ground, gentle slope that faces south, and gradient 3-5 °, quality sand-light earth, fertile, organic matter >=do not plant Aztec marigold and plant of Solanaceae in 2%, three year;
(1.2.2) seedling medium soil is prepared: the stalk that 40% (weight) peat fine powder is added 40% (weight) chopping in autumn end last year; After adding the mixing thoroughly the mixing of dried poultrymanure or dried pig cow dung of 20% (weight) again, the amount that adds the ecological probio stoste of 2～3kg according to every 1000kg is fermented to it, earlier good oxygen condition bottom fermentation 15-20 days; Again anaerobic state bottom fermentation 20-30 days; The standard that reaches no foul smell, has wine flavour to overflow covers subsequent usely, and seedling medium soil is equipped with amount needs 2000kg for every mu of seedbed;
(1.3) inserting the fringe garden grows seedlings
(1.3.1) date of seeding: confirm that according to transplanting time it is stable through under 15 ℃ of situation to press temperature, bar fringe seedling raise period 10-15 days was inserted fringe garden seedling age 30-35 days, began to adopt fringe and calculated;
(1.3.2) handle in the seedbed: after mix with soil insecticide 500g, soil fungicides 500g in every mu of seedbed, add and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields after the 5-10kg fine earth is mixed thoroughly, the rake of turning over again is thin, and medicine, soil are fully mixed;
(1.3.3) ridging bedding, the high 10cm of furrow, the wide 100cm of furrow, furrow are long fixed according to the amount of growing seedlings, furrow face watt back of the body shape;
(1.3.4) spread shop seedling medium soil, thickness 1-1.5cm after spreading, fully harrows seedling medium soil and nursery soil top layer evenly with rake, harrow carefully smooth again;
(1.3.5) sowing: the seed of handling well is come standard sowing, 200 ± 8 of every square meters according to spacing in the rows, the line-spacing of 8cm * 6cm;
(1.3.6) earthing, water spray: after planting cover with the seedling medium soil of getting ready; Thickness is 0.7cm-0.8cm, based on the humidity of seedling medium soil, shows that water content is low excessively if be powdery; Need with the degree of promptly loosing of mixing, reaching pinch agglomerating behind the sprayer appropriateness water spray thoroughly, touching;
(1.3.7) double-deck overlay film: counterdie is tiled on the furrow face, and the arch film adopts does not have the film of dripping, outage 80-100cm in the arch film;
(1.4) insert the management of fringe garden
The film of revealing the inside story when (1.4.1) emergence rate reaches 70-75%;
(1.4.2) begin to ventilate during the exhibition just of seedling a slice true leaf;
(1.4.3) rough leaf is opened up entirely, second true leaf just open up, and atmospheric temperature is stable to begin to refine seedling during through 13 ℃, carries out whole day refining seedling when atmospheric temperature is stable during through 15 ℃, promotes branch, and frame keeps, and the arch film places the furrow ditch subsequent use;
(1.4.4) begin to refine seedling after, first of spraying in per 7 days frost MnZn and poisoning tick;
(1.4.5) begin to refine behind the seedling,, the arch film that is preset in the furrow ditch is continued to cover, but only cover ceiling portion, keep all around ventilating, in time throw off after the sky clears up for preventing young plant frostbite and railway carriage or compartment, nursery face accumulated water like low temperature overcast and rainy day and cold wave more than 3 days.
(2) cuttage garden cuttage and seedling culture
(2.1) seedling medium soil is prepared: the stalk that 40% (weight) peat fine powder is added 40% (weight) chopping in autumn end last year; After adding the mixing thoroughly the mixing of dried poultrymanure or dried pig cow dung of 20% (weight) again, the amount that adds the ecological probio stoste of 2～3kg according to every 1000kg is fermented to it, earlier good oxygen condition bottom fermentation 15-20 days; Again anaerobic state bottom fermentation 20-30 days; The standard that reaches no foul smell, has wine flavour to overflow covers subsequent usely, and seedling medium soil is equipped with amount needs 2000kg for every mu of seedbed;
(2.2) handle in the seedbed: after mix with soil insecticide 500g, soil fungicides 500g in every mu of seedbed, add and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields after the 5-10kg fine earth is mixed thoroughly, the rake of turning over again is thin, and medicine, soil are fully mixed;
(2.3) ridging bedding, the high 10cm of furrow, the wide 100cm of furrow, furrow are long fixed according to the amount of growing seedlings, furrow face watt back of the body shape;
(2.4) prepare in the seedbed: during cuttage, every square metre with seedling medium soil 3-4kg, fully mixes with interior topsoil with furrow 5cm; If nursery soil and seedling medium soil are relatively drier; Then water suitable quantity of water, reach pinch agglomerating, touch the standard of promptly loosing, rake is carefully smooth again;
(2.5) inserting fringe prepares
(2.5.1) insert the fringe standard: insert fringe garden seedling plant height 15cm ± 1cm, true leaf 3-3.5 is right, and stem's branch begins to grow;
(2.5.2) inserting fringe picks: save 1-2 centimetre place, top straight snips with the secateurs behind 75% the alcohol disinfecting rough leaf, and cut off the true leaf that slotting fringe is opened up entirely, insert the following 0.5-1.0cm of reservation of cladus bottom first segment, redundance cuts off, and clip is concordant;
(2.5.3) insert fringe and handle, insert fringe per 100 a branch of, gently restraint with soft straw, when treating that lobus cardiacus slightly withers at present, be stained with slotting first segment position, fringe bottom with the mud of root-inducing powder preparation;
(2.5.4) cuttage: according to spacing in the rows, the line-spacing cuttage of 8cm * 6cm; Every square metre of cuttage 210 strains; Use waddy or bamboo let punching earlier than plugged ear somewhat larger in diameter 1-2mm; Hole depth 4-4.5cm; The plugged ear of handling well is inserted gently; With the seedling medium soil in thumb and forefinger extruding seedbed, plugged ear is fully combined with seedling medium soil, the cuttage degree of depth is 3cm ± 0.5cm;
(2.5.5) cover the sunshade net: employing highly is the high canopy of 1.8-2.0m or highly all can for the short canopy of 0.8-1.0m;
(2.5.6) water spray: based on weather and soil regime, timely moisturizing when seeing the topsoil whiting keeps the skin wet with sprayer water spray mode; Injection flow rate is advisable with the moistening no ponding in top layer; When moisturizing, find the harm of disease worm like the seedbed, then combine the water spray prevention and elimination of disease and pests;
(2.5.7) take off net refining seedling and spray the medicine fertilizer of getting married: insert general 2-3 days underground parts of fringe and begin to take root, overground part is turned green; Sprouting stretched out in 4-5 days; The sunshade net can be thrown off at 6-7 days, and 8-10 days begin to sprout branch, can transplant in the time of 10-12 days; Transplanting the first two day, all spraying phosphorus frost MnZn and add biphosphate potassium amine to make the dowry medicine fertile.
2. the seedling-cultivating method of a marigold with pigment is characterized in that, said seed disinfection is that seed is wrapped up with white gauze, places 55 ℃ hot water constant temperature to sterilize 15 minutes.
3. the seedling-cultivating method of a marigold with pigment is characterized in that, said soil insecticide is that to smell dead, soil fungicides be carbendazim.
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| CN111528032A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-14 | 云南博浩生物科技集团股份有限公司 | Planting method of organic marigold |
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