CN102770234A - 以旋转对称的方式焊接的部件 - Google Patents
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000013036 cure process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/50—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for welded joints
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
- F16C11/0604—Construction of the male part
- F16C11/0609—Construction of the male part made from two or more parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P2700/00—Indexing scheme relating to the articles being treated, e.g. manufactured, repaired, assembled, connected or other operations covered in the subgroups
- B23P2700/11—Joints, e.g. ball joints, universal joints
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/32—Articulated members
- Y10T403/32606—Pivoted
- Y10T403/32631—Universal ball and socket
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种以旋转对称的方式焊接的部件(10),其包括两个单独的部件(12,14),所述两个单独的部件(12,14)通过旋转对称的焊缝(16)而连接起来,其中在所述焊缝(16)的附近是主负荷区域(22),并且仅有所述焊缝(16)和其周围区域(22)被强化,所述强化是通过在边缘结构中进行边缘层硬化处理而进行的,本发明还涉及一种用于制造以旋转对称的方式焊接的部件(10)的方法,所述部件包括两个部件(12,14),其通过两个部件(12,14)之间旋转对称的焊缝(16)而连接起来,其中,在部件(12,14)被焊接之后,所述焊缝(16)及其周围区域(22)被硬化处理,并且随后对硬化区域(16,22)进行淬火。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及旋转对称地焊接的部件,所述部件主要受到连续变换的弯曲符合,本发明特别是涉及球头销,所述球头销包括球头和轴,所述球头和轴通过焊缝连接起来。这种球头销可以用于多种应用,例如气压弹簧缓冲器或者转向系统,并且这种球头销需要较高的稳定性,因为这些系统在工作过程中由于连续变化的弯曲而受到压力。在这种情况下,球头和轴之间的过渡区域特别容易受到非常高的符合。因此球头销必须进行尺寸设计以承受这些负荷。
背景技术
在现有技术中,迄今为止只知道将这种旋转对称的部件制成一体,或者是简单地通过焊接部件而制成。而将这种旋转对称的部件制成一体的制造成本非常昂贵。从例如DE 856256知道将球头和销焊接形成作为旋转对称部件的球头销。在这种情况下,在球头和轴之间特别容易发生破裂。
从现有技术还知道,将所有部件作为一个整体进行硬化处理和/或边缘层硬化处理,如在DE 102004053935A1中所介绍的。
发明内容
基于以上现有技术,本发明的目的是继续改进这种旋转对称焊接的部件,使得其具有特别高的强度,特别是足够高的弯曲疲劳强度,从而具有较高的使用寿命,本发明还提供一种制造这种部件的方法。
现有技术中一直存在一种偏见,那就是对焊缝和焊缝周围的区域进行边缘层硬化处理通常是对产品不利的,因为这会使得焊缝的边缘层脆化,而使得焊缝在拉伸应力作用下而易碎,而本发明为了实现上述目的首次提出了仅仅对旋转对称焊接的部件的焊缝和优选该焊缝周围的区域进行边缘层硬化处理。
在球头销的很多应用中,根本就不存在拉伸负荷,而部件的使用寿命却被它的弯曲疲劳强度所限制。
本专利申请人的实验已经表明,根据本发明的工艺,球头销的弯曲疲劳强度能增加十年,虽然在专家的眼里看来,焊缝的边缘层硬化考虑到其所导致的脆化效果是特别不利的。
根据本发明,提供了一种通用的旋转对称焊接部件,其中在边缘区域的主负荷区域通过强化焊缝和其周围区域而被强化,所述强化是通过在边缘区域通过边缘层硬化而进行的,从而提供了通过内在的压力而实现的边缘层强化。
在这种情况下,特别优选的是在边缘层硬化之后直接进行硬化区域的淬火,而实现边缘层强化。
本发明特别适合于生产球头销,所述球头销包括球头和轴,二者通过旋转对称的焊缝而连接起来。这种球头销通常不会受到任何拉伸负荷,并且其使用寿命却仅仅由于弯曲疲劳强度而受到限制,当存在拉伸负荷时,这种边缘层硬化是不利的。此外,根据本发明的制造方法,边缘层硬化限制在焊缝及其紧邻的周围区域,使得可能保留球的光泽程度。
根据本发明的旋转对称部件能通过例如感应硬化、激光硬化或等离子体硬化等进行制造。
根据本发明还提供了一种用于制造这种旋转对称焊接的部件的方法,其中在将各个部件焊接在一起之后,进行焊缝及其周围区域的边缘层硬化,随后直接进行硬化区域的淬火。
附图说明
下面将参照附图中以球头销形式示出的示例性实施例来解释本发明。在附图中:
图1示出了从侧面看的根据本发明的球头销,其中局部以剖视图示出。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明的球头销10,其包括轴或销12和球头14。所述球头销10从侧面示出,并且本发明特别关注的轴12和球头14之间的过渡区域以剖视图示出。
根据本发明的示出的球头销10通过将球头14和轴12焊接在一起而制成。在截面图中在边缘处能看到相应的焊缝16。其绕所述轴12的旋转轴线20旋转对称地延伸。
球头和轴的焊接产生了焊缝16周围的热扩散区域18,其特征如截面图中不连续的影线所示,并且当三维观察时,其大致形成为以所述轴12的旋转轴线20旋转对称的透镜形状。如附图中可见,其具有截面上成对称的椭圆形形状。
根据本发明,在截面图中没有线条的区域22进行了特别的硬化处理,使得根据本发明的球头销在此处具有优化的硬化区域。
根据本发明,通过工艺步骤的特别顺序,在焊接工艺之后,焊接区域22的主负荷区域在边缘部分进行硬化处理,使得所述焊缝16和其周围的区域的边缘层被强化。由此根据本发明可以实现预期地增加所述球头销的使用寿命,即使其受到非常强烈的振动应力。
根据本发明用于在焊接区域22的主负荷区域产生这种强化的特别优选的工艺在于以下:
将球头14焊接到销12上。由此产生旋转对称的焊缝16。进行焊接区域22的边缘层硬化处理,随后紧接着进行硬化区域22的淬火。所述硬化可以通过例如感应硬化、激光硬化或等离子体硬化等进行制造。
以此方式,对焊接区域22的强度大幅度改进,所述焊接区域容易受到缺口应力和形成破裂。并且最终形成的产品的使用寿命也明显改进。
Claims (4)
1.一种旋转对称的焊接部件(10),其包括两个单独的部件(12,14),所述两个单独的部件(12,14)通过旋转对称的焊缝(16)连接起来,其中在所述焊缝(16)的附近是主负荷区域(22),其特征在于,仅有所述焊缝(16)和其周围区域(22)被强化,所述强化是通过在边缘结构中进行边缘层硬化处理由此提供边缘层强化而进行的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的部件(10),其特征在于所述边缘层强化是通过边缘层硬化处理之后、紧接着进行硬化区域(16,22)的淬火而进行的。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的部件(10),其特征在于所述部件是球头销(10),其包括球头(14)和轴(12),所述球头和轴通过旋转对称焊缝(16)而连接起来。
4.一种用于生产旋转对称的焊接部件(10)的方法,所述焊接部件包括两个部件(12,14),所述两个部件通过旋转对称的焊缝(16)而焊接起来,其特征在于,在焊接所述两个部件之后,对所述焊缝(16)和其周围的区域(22)进行边缘层硬化处理,紧接着进行硬化区域(16,22)的淬火处理。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102009042714.7 | 2009-09-23 | ||
DE102009042714A DE102009042714A1 (de) | 2009-09-23 | 2009-09-23 | Kugelbolzen |
PCT/DE2010/050070 WO2011035780A1 (de) | 2009-09-23 | 2010-09-08 | Rotationssymmetrisch verschweisste teile |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN102770234A true CN102770234A (zh) | 2012-11-07 |
Family
ID=43413550
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN2010800427399A Pending CN102770234A (zh) | 2009-09-23 | 2010-09-08 | 以旋转对称的方式焊接的部件 |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9289863B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2480370B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2013505409A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20120094914A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102770234A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2010297681A1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112012006653A2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2777770A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102009042714A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2411469T3 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2012003541A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL2480370T3 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT2480370E (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2011035780A1 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106956561A (zh) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-07-18 | 保定市格瑞机械有限公司 | 横向稳定杆的连接杆及球销总成的加工工艺 |
CN107322249A (zh) * | 2017-09-03 | 2017-11-07 | 安徽天裕汽车零部件制造有限公司 | 一种汽车球头的生产工艺 |
CN108025397A (zh) * | 2015-09-21 | 2018-05-11 | 大陆汽车有限公司 | 用于流体喷射阀的阀针、流体喷射阀和用于制造阀针的方法 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015134576A1 (en) | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-11 | Federal-Mogul Motorparts Corporation | Ball joint assembly for a control arm |
US9327570B2 (en) | 2014-03-04 | 2016-05-03 | Federal-Mogul Motorparts Corporation | Ball joint assembly for a control arm |
JP6016979B1 (ja) * | 2015-05-11 | 2016-10-26 | Thk株式会社 | ボールジョイントおよびボールジョイントの製造方法 |
CN114109019B (zh) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-03-28 | 福建宏盛建设集团有限公司 | 一种绿色环保的建筑模板 |
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DE856256C (de) * | 1950-10-17 | 1952-11-20 | Ehrenreich & Cie A | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Kugelzapfen, insbesondere mit Vollkugeln fuer die Lenkgestaenge von Kraftfahrzeugen od. dgl. |
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JPS58107292A (ja) | 1981-12-21 | 1983-06-25 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | 管の溶接継手部処理方法及び装置 |
US4623774A (en) * | 1984-12-17 | 1986-11-18 | Sciaky Bros., Inc. | Method and apparatus for the welding of a ball and rod assembly |
US5070609A (en) * | 1987-08-11 | 1991-12-10 | Hiroshi Teramachi | Method of manufacturing a ball joint |
JPH07118757A (ja) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-05-09 | Nippon Steel Corp | 継手疲労強度の優れた構造用鋼のレーザ加熱方法 |
JPH09182987A (ja) * | 1995-12-28 | 1997-07-15 | Nkk Corp | 溶接鋼管溶接部の冷却方法 |
US20010043767A1 (en) * | 2000-05-18 | 2001-11-22 | Thk Co., Ltd | Spherical bearing and method for manufacturing the same |
DE102004053935B4 (de) * | 2004-11-09 | 2015-04-09 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung eines Bauteils aus einem durchhärtenden warmfesten Stahl und Bauteil aus einem durchhärtenden warmfesten Stahl |
JP4509855B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-18 | 2010-07-21 | Ntn株式会社 | ボールジョイント |
JP4901324B2 (ja) | 2006-06-20 | 2012-03-21 | 株式会社小松製作所 | 硬化肉盛層形成方法 |
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2009
- 2009-09-23 DE DE102009042714A patent/DE102009042714A1/de not_active Ceased
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2010
- 2010-09-08 CN CN2010800427399A patent/CN102770234A/zh active Pending
- 2010-09-08 US US13/497,747 patent/US9289863B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-09-08 AU AU2010297681A patent/AU2010297681A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-09-08 BR BR112012006653A patent/BR112012006653A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-09-08 CA CA2777770A patent/CA2777770A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-09-08 ES ES10773557T patent/ES2411469T3/es active Active
- 2010-09-08 JP JP2012530128A patent/JP2013505409A/ja active Pending
- 2010-09-08 WO PCT/DE2010/050070 patent/WO2011035780A1/de active Application Filing
- 2010-09-08 PT PT107735573T patent/PT2480370E/pt unknown
- 2010-09-08 MX MX2012003541A patent/MX2012003541A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2010-09-08 EP EP10773557.3A patent/EP2480370B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-09-08 KR KR1020127010240A patent/KR20120094914A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-09-08 PL PL10773557T patent/PL2480370T3/pl unknown
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US3965554A (en) * | 1973-03-01 | 1976-06-29 | The Columbus Auto Parts Company | Method of producing ball joints |
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CN1410684A (zh) * | 2001-10-05 | 2003-04-16 | 株式会社日立制作所 | 冷冻用压缩机以及其连杆的制造方法 |
Cited By (3)
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CN108025397A (zh) * | 2015-09-21 | 2018-05-11 | 大陆汽车有限公司 | 用于流体喷射阀的阀针、流体喷射阀和用于制造阀针的方法 |
CN106956561A (zh) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-07-18 | 保定市格瑞机械有限公司 | 横向稳定杆的连接杆及球销总成的加工工艺 |
CN107322249A (zh) * | 2017-09-03 | 2017-11-07 | 安徽天裕汽车零部件制造有限公司 | 一种汽车球头的生产工艺 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2011035780A1 (de) | 2011-03-31 |
US20120177437A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
MX2012003541A (es) | 2012-05-08 |
BR112012006653A2 (pt) | 2016-05-03 |
AU2010297681A1 (en) | 2012-05-17 |
PL2480370T3 (pl) | 2013-08-30 |
EP2480370A1 (de) | 2012-08-01 |
JP2013505409A (ja) | 2013-02-14 |
CA2777770A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
US9289863B2 (en) | 2016-03-22 |
EP2480370B1 (de) | 2013-05-29 |
KR20120094914A (ko) | 2012-08-27 |
PT2480370E (pt) | 2013-06-28 |
ES2411469T3 (es) | 2013-07-05 |
DE102009042714A1 (de) | 2011-03-24 |
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