CN102711766A - N-9-取代的嘌呤化合物、组合物和使用方法 - Google Patents
N-9-取代的嘌呤化合物、组合物和使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102711766A CN102711766A CN2010800612934A CN201080061293A CN102711766A CN 102711766 A CN102711766 A CN 102711766A CN 2010800612934 A CN2010800612934 A CN 2010800612934A CN 201080061293 A CN201080061293 A CN 201080061293A CN 102711766 A CN102711766 A CN 102711766A
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- Prior art keywords
- radical
- compound
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- phenyl
- heterocycloalkyl
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 84
- 239000000203 mixture Chemical class 0.000 title description 63
- 125000000561 purinyl group Chemical class N1=C(N=C2N=CNC2=C1)* 0.000 title description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 273
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- -1 C2-6Alkenyl radical Chemical class 0.000 claims description 180
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 84
- 229910003827 NRaRb Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 71
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 56
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 47
- 125000000171 (C1-C6) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 46
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 125000003601 C2-C6 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 37
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 36
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 35
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000004070 6 membered heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000006716 (C1-C6) heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000003341 7 membered heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004404 heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000006569 (C5-C6) heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003349 3-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000339 4-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004419 alkynylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004105 2-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([*])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004573 morpholin-4-yl group Chemical group N1(CCOCC1)* 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002941 2-furyl group Chemical group O1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000389 2-pyrrolyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003682 3-furyl group Chemical group O1C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001541 3-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001960 7 membered carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004273 azetidin-2-yl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000002154 non-small cell lung carcinoma Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- ZUBZNBBQSIEVNL-AWEZNQCLSA-N 1-[4-[8-cyclopropyl-9-methyl-6-[(3s)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl]purin-2-yl]phenyl]-3-ethylurea Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(=O)NCC)=CC=C1C1=NC(N2[C@H](COCC2)C)=C(N=C(C2CC2)N2C)C2=N1 ZUBZNBBQSIEVNL-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006578 monocyclic heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000587 piperidin-1-yl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006272 (C3-C7) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- JFPZPWQMUIRUTJ-HNNXBMFYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-[4-[9-ethyl-8-(3-hydroxyoxetan-3-yl)-6-[(3s)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl]purin-2-yl]phenyl]urea Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(=O)NCC)=CC=C1C1=NC(N2[C@H](COCC2)C)=C(N=C(N2CC)C3(O)COC3)C2=N1 JFPZPWQMUIRUTJ-HNNXBMFYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VXNXONBGSSQVJZ-KRWDZBQOSA-N 1-ethyl-3-[4-[9-ethyl-8-(4-hydroxyoxan-4-yl)-6-[(3s)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl]purin-2-yl]phenyl]urea Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(=O)NCC)=CC=C1C1=NC(N2[C@H](COCC2)C)=C(N=C(N2CC)C3(O)CCOCC3)C2=N1 VXNXONBGSSQVJZ-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001622 2-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- ZRDOYFWVIOVTKL-INIZCTEOSA-N 6-[4-[8-cyclopropyl-9-ethyl-6-[(3s)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl]purin-2-yl]anilino]-1h-pyridin-2-one Chemical compound N1=C2N(CC)C(C3CC3)=NC2=C(N2[C@H](COCC2)C)N=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC(=O)N1 ZRDOYFWVIOVTKL-INIZCTEOSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010009944 Colon cancer Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004566 azetidin-1-yl group Chemical group N1(CCC1)* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004567 azetidin-3-yl group Chemical group N1CC(C1)* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003037 imidazol-2-yl group Chemical group [H]N1C([*])=NC([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002249 indol-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2N([H])C([*])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000014018 liver neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006570 (C5-C6) heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- WRJIKTYVARBNCP-HNNXBMFYSA-N 1-[4-[8-cyclopropyl-9-ethyl-6-[(3s)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl]purin-2-yl]phenyl]-3-(oxetan-3-yl)urea Chemical compound N1=C2N(CC)C(C3CC3)=NC2=C(N2[C@H](COCC2)C)N=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC1COC1 WRJIKTYVARBNCP-HNNXBMFYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FGMNBJXUWWUCQS-HNNXBMFYSA-N 1-[4-[8-cyclopropyl-9-ethyl-6-[(3s)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl]purin-2-yl]phenyl]-3-ethylurea Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(=O)NCC)=CC=C1C1=NC(N2[C@H](COCC2)C)=C(N=C(C2CC2)N2CC)C2=N1 FGMNBJXUWWUCQS-HNNXBMFYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LWUFWKWFSHFXOD-AWEZNQCLSA-N 1-ethyl-3-[4-[8-(3-fluorooxetan-3-yl)-9-methyl-6-[(3s)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl]purin-2-yl]phenyl]urea Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(=O)NCC)=CC=C1C1=NC(N2[C@H](COCC2)C)=C(N=C(N2C)C3(F)COC3)C2=N1 LWUFWKWFSHFXOD-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NPYYOVHOWZWQAP-AWEZNQCLSA-N 1-ethyl-3-[4-[8-(3-hydroxyazetidin-3-yl)-9-methyl-6-[(3s)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl]purin-2-yl]phenyl]urea Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(=O)NCC)=CC=C1C1=NC(N2[C@H](COCC2)C)=C(N=C(N2C)C3(O)CNC3)C2=N1 NPYYOVHOWZWQAP-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OGMWPEHPOQDZPZ-AWEZNQCLSA-N 1-ethyl-3-[4-[8-(3-hydroxyoxetan-3-yl)-9-methyl-6-[(3s)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl]purin-2-yl]phenyl]urea Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(=O)NCC)=CC=C1C1=NC(N2[C@H](COCC2)C)=C(N=C(N2C)C3(O)COC3)C2=N1 OGMWPEHPOQDZPZ-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UQOKNJGOSSOJPE-INIZCTEOSA-N 1-ethyl-3-[4-[8-(4-hydroxyoxan-4-yl)-9-methyl-6-[(3s)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl]purin-2-yl]phenyl]urea Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(=O)NCC)=CC=C1C1=NC(N2[C@H](COCC2)C)=C(N=C(N2C)C3(O)CCOCC3)C2=N1 UQOKNJGOSSOJPE-INIZCTEOSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YLHIVBBRNSLPGJ-INIZCTEOSA-N 1-ethyl-3-[4-[9-ethyl-6-[(3s)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl]-8-pyrimidin-5-ylpurin-2-yl]phenyl]urea Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(=O)NCC)=CC=C1C1=NC(N2[C@H](COCC2)C)=C(N=C(C=2C=NC=NC=2)N2CC)C2=N1 YLHIVBBRNSLPGJ-INIZCTEOSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TTXOVAZVLZOMGO-HNNXBMFYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-[4-[9-ethyl-8-(3-fluorooxetan-3-yl)-6-[(3s)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl]purin-2-yl]phenyl]urea Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(=O)NCC)=CC=C1C1=NC(N2[C@H](COCC2)C)=C(N=C(N2CC)C3(F)COC3)C2=N1 TTXOVAZVLZOMGO-HNNXBMFYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010006187 Breast cancer Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000026310 Breast neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000001333 Colorectal Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000015634 Rectal Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940127089 cytotoxic agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000032839 leukemia Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 201000007270 liver cancer Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004497 pyrazol-5-yl group Chemical group N1N=CC=C1* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000000649 small cell carcinoma Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004192 tetrahydrofuran-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])OC([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006591 (C2-C6) alkynylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- YVCVHBDXBYBZNL-KRWDZBQOSA-N 1-ethyl-3-[4-[9-ethyl-8-(4-fluorooxan-4-yl)-6-[(3s)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl]purin-2-yl]phenyl]urea Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(=O)NCC)=CC=C1C1=NC(N2[C@H](COCC2)C)=C(N=C(N2CC)C3(F)CCOCC3)C2=N1 YVCVHBDXBYBZNL-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004214 1-pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001397 3-pyrrolyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001313 C5-C10 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010039491 Sarcoma Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000246 pyrimidin-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=NC(*)=NC([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
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- 206010038038 rectal cancer Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000001275 rectum cancer Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004495 thiazol-4-yl group Chemical group S1C=NC(=C1)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001724 1,2,3-oxadiazol-4-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(*)N=NO1 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004503 1,2,3-oxadiazol-5-yl group Chemical group O1N=NC=C1* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004509 1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl group Chemical group O1C(=NN=C1)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004510 1,3,4-oxadiazol-5-yl group Chemical group O1C=NN=C1* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004485 2-pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000175 2-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004575 3-pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006163 5-membered heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000004320 azepan-2-yl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004186 cyclopropylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002962 imidazol-1-yl group Chemical group [*]N1C([H])=NC([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002140 imidazol-4-yl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])=NC([*])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004284 isoxazol-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=NO1 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000004499 isoxazol-5-yl group Chemical group O1N=CC=C1* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004287 oxazol-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])N=C(*)O1 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000004274 oxetan-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])OC([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
本发明涉及式(I)化合物,其中R1、R2、R3、A1、A2、A3、A4和D具有本申请所述的含义。本发明还涉及包含所述化合物的药物组合物及其通过抑制mTOR和PI3K对癌症的治疗用途。
Description
背景技术
雷帕霉素的哺乳动物靶标(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)是289kDa丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶,其被认为是磷酸肌醇-3-激酶样激酶(PIKK)家族的成员,这是因为其含有这样的羧基末端激酶结构域,所述羧基末端激酶结构域与磷酸肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)脂质激酶的催化结构域具有显著的序列同源性。除在C末端的催化结构域外,mTOR激酶也含有FKBP12-雷帕霉素结合(FRB)结构域、邻近C末端的推定阻遏结构域、在N末端连续重复多达20次的HEAT基序及FRAP-ATM-TRRAP(FAT)和FAT C-末端结构域。参见Huang and Houghton,Current Opinion in Pharmacology,2003,3,371-377。在该文献中,mTOR激酶也称为FRAP(FKBP12和雷帕霉素相关蛋白)、RAFT1(雷帕霉素和FKBP12靶标1)、RAPT1(雷帕霉素靶标1)。
mTOR激酶可通过生长因子经由PI3K-Akt途径来活化或通过细胞应激例如缺乏营养或缺氧来活化。mTOR激酶的活化被认为经由多种细胞功能(包括翻译、转录、mRNA翻转(turnover)、蛋白质稳定性、肌动蛋白细胞骨架重组和自噬)而在调节细胞生长和细胞存活中发挥核心作用。有关mTOR细胞信号传导生物学和调节mTOR信号传导相互作用的潜在治疗作用的详细综述参见Sabatini,D.M.and Guertin,D.A.(2005)An Expanding Role for mTORin Cancer TRENDS in Molecular Medicine,11,353-361;Chiang,G.C.andAbraham,R.T.(2007)Targeting the mTOR signaling network in cancer TRENDS13,433-442;Jacinto and Hall(2005)Tor signaling in bugs,brain and brawnNature Reviews Molecular and Cell Biology,4,117-126;和Sabatini,D.M.andGuertin,D.A.(2007)Defining the Role of mTOR in Cancer Cancer Cell,12,9-22。
研究mTOR激酶生物学的研究人员已发现mTOR细胞信号传导的失调和多种疾病之间的病理学关联,所述疾病包括免疫性障碍、癌症、代谢性疾病、心血管疾病和神经障碍。
例如,有证据表明,位于mTOR激酶上游的PI3K-AKT信号传导途径在癌症细胞中常常被过度活化,这随后使下游靶标如mTOR激酶过度活化。更具体地,在不同人类肿瘤中突变的PI3K-AKT途径组成包括生长因子受体的活化突变及PI3K和AKT的扩增和过度表达。另外,有证据表明,多种肿瘤类型(包括成胶质细胞瘤、肝细胞癌、肺癌、黑素瘤、子宫内膜癌和前列腺癌)包含PI3K-AKT途径负调节剂的功能丧失突变[例如在染色体10上删除磷酸酶和张力蛋白同系物(PTEN)及结节性硬化复合物(TSC1/TSC2)],这也导致mTOR激酶的过度活性信号传导。上述内容表明,mTOR激酶抑制剂可有效用于治疗至少部分由mTOR激酶信号传导的过度活性所引起的疾病。
mTOR激酶以两种在物理和功能上不同的信号传导复合物形式(即mTORC 1和mTORC2)存在。mTORC 1也称为"mTOR-Raptor复合物"或"对雷帕霉素敏感的复合物",这是因为其与小分子抑制剂雷帕霉素结合且被小分子抑制剂雷帕霉素所抑制。mTORC1通过蛋白质mTOR、Raptor和mLST8的存在来定义。雷帕霉素本身是大环内酯且是第一种被发现的mTOR激酶小分子抑制剂。为了具有生物学活性,雷帕霉素与mTOR和FKBP12(其是统称为亲免疫因子(immunophilin)的胞浆结合蛋白)形成四元复合物。雷帕霉素用于诱导mTOR和FKBP12的二聚化。雷帕霉素-FKBP12复合物的形成导致功能的获得,这是因为该复合物与mTOR直接结合且抑制mTOR的功能。
最近发现的另一种mTORC复合物即mTORC2以蛋白质mTOR、Rictor、Protor-1、mLST8和mSIN 1的存在为特征。mTORC2也称为"mTOR-Rictor复合物"或"对雷帕霉素不敏感的复合物",这是因为其不与雷帕霉素结合。
这两种mTOR复合物在影响细胞生长、增殖和存活的细胞内信号传导途径中发挥重要作用。例如,mTORC1的下游靶标蛋白包括核糖体S6激酶(例如S6K1、S6K2)和真核起始因子4E结合蛋白(4E-BP1),它们是细胞中蛋白质翻译的关键调节剂。另外,mTORC2负责AKT(S473)的磷酸化;且研究已表明,由AKT的过度活化所引起的不受控制的细胞增殖是几种癌症类型的标志。
目前,几种雷帕霉素类似物处于针对癌症的临床开发中(例如Wyeth的CCI-779、Novartis的RAD001和Ariad Pharmaceuticals的AP23573)。令人感兴趣的是,临床数据表明,雷帕霉素类似物似乎对一些癌症类型(例如外套细胞淋巴瘤、子宫内膜癌和肾细胞癌)是有效的。
不被雷帕霉素或其类似物所抑制的另一种mTOR蛋白质复合物(mTORC2)的发现表明,雷帕霉素对mTOR的抑制是不完全的且可在催化性ATP结合位点抑制mTORC1和mTORC2两者的直接mTOR激酶抑制剂与雷帕霉素及其类似物相比应该是更有效的且具有更宽的抗肿瘤活性。
最近,小分子mTOR抑制剂已披露在以下专利文献中:OSIPharmaceuticals Inc.的美国专利申请11/599,663和11/657,156;KudosPharmacuticals的国际申请WO/2008/023161和WO/2006/090169;以及AstraZeneca的国际申请WO/2008/032060、WO/2008/032086、WO/2008032033、WO/2008/032028、WO/2008/032036、WO/2008/032089、WO/2008/032072、WO/2008/031091、WO/2008/116129;Wyeth的国际公开WO/2008/116129和美国专利申请12/276,459。
美国临时申请61/085,309披露了具有mTOR活性的一类N-杂环稠合的嘧啶化合物。
鉴于对mTOR信号传导在疾病(例如癌症)中的作用的不断认知,需要可用于治疗其中观察到异常mTOR活性的疾病(例如癌症)的mTOR(包括mTORC1和mTORC2)的小分子抑制剂。另外,需要作用于mTOR信号传导途径上游或下游的相关酶(例如PI3K、AKT)的小分子抑制剂。
发明内容
在一个方面,本发明提供式I化合物:
其中R1选自6-至10-元芳基、5-至9-元杂芳基、3-至12-元杂环烷基、3-至12-元环烷基,其中R1取代有0至5个选自以下的RR1取代基:卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NRaRb、-SRa、-ORa、-C(O)ORa、-C(O)NRaRb、-C(O)Ra、-NRaC(O)Rb、-OC(O)Rc、-NRaC(O)NRaRb、-OC(O)NRaRb、-NRaS(O)2NRaRb、-S(O)2Ra、-S(O)2NRaRb、-Rc、-NO2、-N3、=O、-CN、Rc1、-X1-NRaRb、-X1-SRa、-X1-ORa、-X1-C(O)ORa、-X1-C(O)NRaRb、-X1-C(O)Ra、-X1-NRaC(O)Rb、-X1-OC(O)Ra、-X1-NRaC(O)NRaRb、-X1-OC(O)NRaRb、-X1-NRaS(O)2NRaRb、-X1-S(O)2Ra、-X1-S(O)2NRaRb、-X1-NO2、-X1-N3、-X1-CN和X1-Rc1;其中Ra和Rb各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基,任选地,Ra和Rb在与同一氮原子连接时合起来形成3-至6-元杂环,所述3-至6-元杂环包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子;Rc选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基;X1选自C1-4亚烷基、C2-4亚烯基和C2-4亚炔基;以及Rc1选自苯基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、咪唑-2-基、吲哚-2-基、萘-1-基、萘-2-基、噻吩-2-基、噻吩-3-基、吡咯-2-基、呋喃-2-基和呋喃-3-基,以及其中Rc1取代有0-3个选自以下的取代基:F、Cl、Br、I、-NRaRb、-SRa、-ORa、-S(O)2Ra、-S(O)2NRaRb、-NO2、-N3、=O、-CN、吡啶基、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基和C1-6杂烷基。R2选自氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6杂烷基、6-至10元芳基、5-至10-元杂芳基、3-至12-元杂环烷基、3-至12元环烷基、-L-C6-10芳基、-L-C1-9杂芳基、-L-C3-12环烷基、-L-C2-12杂环烷基,其中L选自C1-6亚烷基、C2-6亚烯基、C2-6亚炔基和C1-6杂亚烷基,以及其中R2取代有0至5个选自以下的RR2取代基:卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NRdRe、-SRd、-ORd、-C(O)ORd、-C(O)NRdRe、-C(O)Rd、-NRdC(O)Re、-OC(O)Rf、-NRdC(O)NRdRe、-OC(O)NRdRe、-NRdS(O)2NRdRe、-S(O)2Rd、-S(O)2NRdRe、-Rf、-NO2、-N3、=O、-CN、-X2-NRdRe、-X2-SRd、-X2-ORd、-X2-C(O)ORd、-X2-C(O)NRdRe、-X2-C(O)Rd、-X2-NRdC(O)Re、-X2-OC(O)Rd、-X2-NRdC(O)NRdRe、-X2-OC(O)NRdRe、-X2-NRdS(O)2NRdRe、-X2-S(O)2Rd、-X2-S(O)2NRdRe、-X2-NO2、-X2-N3和–X2-CN;其中Rd和Re各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基,任选地,Rd和Re在与同一氮原子连接时合起来形成3-至6-元杂环,所述3-至6-元杂环包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子;Rf选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基;以及X2选自C1-4亚烷基、C2-4亚烯基和C2-4亚炔基。R3为5-至12-元单环的或桥连的杂环烷基环,其中所述R3基团取代有0-3个选自以下的RR3取代基:-C(O)ORg、-C(O)NRgRh、-NRgRh、-ORg、-SRg、-S(O)2Ri、-S(O)Ri、-Ri、卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NO2、-CN和-N3,其中Rg和Rh各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C2-6烯基和C3-6环烷基,其中任选地,Rg和Rh与各自连接的氮原子一起合起来形成3-至6-元杂环,所述3-至6-元杂环包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子,以及Ri选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C3-6环烷基;以及如果R3为单环的杂环烷基环,那么与R3的相同原子连接的任何两个RR3基团任选合起来形成3-至7-元碳环或包含1至2个选自N、O和S的原子作为环原子的3-至7-元杂环。A1、A2、A3和A4各自为独立选自N、C(RA)或C(H)的成员,其中A1、A2、A3和A4中的至少三个各自独立地为C(H)或C(RA),其中RA在每次出现时独立选自F、Cl、Br、I、-NO2、-CN、C1-4烷基、C2-4烯基、C2-4炔基,或者与相邻原子连接的任何两个RA基团任选合起来形成包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子作为环原子的C2-6杂环、C3-7环烷基环、包含1-4个选自N、O和S的杂原子作为环原子的C1-5杂芳基环或苯环。最后,D为选自以下的成员:-NR4C(O)NR5R6、-NR5R6、-C(O)NR5R6、-OC(O)OR5、-OC(O)NR5R6、-NR4C(=N-CN)NR5R6、-NR4C(=N-OR5)NR5R6、-NR4C(=N-NR5)NR5R6、-NR4C(O)R5、-NR4C(O)OR5、-NR4S(O)2NR5R6和-NR4S(O)2R5,其中R4选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基和C2-6烯基;R5和R6各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-10环烷基、C2-10杂环烷基、C6-10芳基和C1-9杂芳基,以及R5和R6在与同一氮原子连接时任选合起来形成5-至7-元杂环或5-至9-元杂芳基环,所述5-至7-元杂环或5-至9-元杂芳基环包含1-3个选自N、O和S的杂原子作为环原子并取代有0-3个RD取代基;以及其中R4、R5和R6还取代有0-3个RD取代基,其中RD独立选自卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NO2、-CN、-N RjRk、-ORj、-SRj、-C(O)ORj、-C(O)NRjRk、-NRjC(O)Rk、-NRjC(O)ORm、-X3-NRjRk、-X3-ORj、-X3-SRj、-X3-C(O)ORj、-X3-C(O)NRjRk、-X3-NRjC(O)Rk、-X3-NRjC(O)ORk、-X3-CN、-X3-NO2、-S(O)Rm、-S(O)2Rm、=O和-Rm;其中Rj和Rk选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6杂烷基、C3-7环烷基、C3-7杂环烷基、C6-10芳基、C1-9杂芳基;以及Rm在每次出现时独立选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C3-7环烷基、C3-7杂环烷基、C6-10芳基和C1-9杂芳基,以及X3选自C1-4亚烷基、C2-4亚烯基和C2-4亚炔基,以及其中D和连接至与D所连接的原子相邻的原子的RA取代基任选合起来形成任选取代的5-至6-元杂环或杂芳基环,所述任选取代的5-至6-元杂环或杂芳基环取代有0-4个RD取代基。
在另一个方面,本发明提供药物组合物,其包含至少一种药用稀释剂、载体或赋形剂和式I化合物。
在另一个方面,本发明提供使用式I化合物治疗可通过抑制mTOR激酶治疗的疾病或障碍的方法。
在另一个方面,本发明提供用于治疗癌症的药物的制备。
在另一个方面,本发明提供用于治疗癌症的式(I)化合物。
具体实施方式
定义:
本申请使用的术语"烷基",本身或作为其它取代基的一部分,除非另有说明,是指具有指定碳原子数(即C1-8是指1至8个碳)的直链或支链烃基。烷基的实例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、叔丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、正戊基、正己基、正庚基、正辛基等。术语"烯基"是指具有一个或多个双键的不饱和烷基。类似地,术语"炔基"是指具有一个或多个叁键的不饱和烷基。上述不饱和烷基的实例包括乙烯基、2-丙烯基、丁烯基、2-异戊烯基、2-(丁二烯基)、2,4-戊二烯基、3-(1,4-戊二烯基)、乙炔基、1-丙炔基、3-丙炔基、3-丁炔基及更高级的同系物和异构体。术语"环烷基"、"碳环基"或"碳环"是指具有指定环原子数(例如C3-6环烷基)且完全饱和或在环原子之间具有不超过一个双键的烃环。本申请使用的"环烷基"、"碳环基"或"碳环"也是指二环烃环、多环烃环和螺环烃环,例如二环[2.2.1]庚烷、蒎烷、二环[2.2.2]辛烷、金刚烷、降冰片烯、螺环C5-12烷等。本申请使用的术语"烯基"、"炔基"、"环烷基"、"碳环"和"碳环基"包括它们的单卤代变体和多卤代变体。
术语"杂烷基",本身或与其它术语组合,除非另有说明,是指稳定的直链或支链烃基,其由指定数目的碳原子和1至3个选自O、N、Si和S的杂原子构成及其中氮原子和硫原子可任选被氧化且氮杂原子可任选被季铵化。杂原子O、N和S可位于杂烷基的任意内部位置。杂原子Si可位于杂烷基的任意位置,包括烷基与分子其余部分连接的位置。"杂烷基"可含有至多三个不饱和单元,还包括它们的单卤代变体和多卤代变体或组合。实例包括-CH2-CH2-O-CH3、-CH2-CH2-O-CF3、-CH2-CH2-NH-CH3、-CH2-CH2-N(CH3)-CH3、-CH2-S-CH2-CH3、-S(O)-CH3、-CH2-CH2-S(O)2-CH3、-CH=CH-O-CH3、-Si(CH3)3、-CH2-CH=N-OCH3和-CH=CH=N(CH3)-CH3。至多两个杂原子可以是连续的,例如-CH2-NH-OCH3和-CH2-O-Si(CH3)3。
术语"杂环烷基"、"杂环基"或"杂环"是指含有1至5个选自N、O和S的杂原子的环烷基,其中氮原子和硫原子任选被氧化且氮原子任选被季铵化。除非另有说明,"杂环烷基"、"杂环基"或"杂环"可以是单环环系、二环环系、螺环环系或多环环系。"杂环烷基"、"杂环基"或"杂环"的非限制性实例包括吡咯烷、哌啶、咪唑烷、吡唑烷、丁内酰胺、戊内酰胺、咪唑烷酮、乙内酰脲、二氧杂环戊烷、邻苯二甲酰亚胺、哌啶、嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮、1,4-二氧杂环己烷、吗啉、硫吗啉、S-氧化硫吗啉、S,S-二氧化硫吗啉、哌嗪、吡喃、吡啶酮、3-吡咯啉、噻喃、吡喃酮、四氢呋喃、四氢噻吩、奎宁环、莨菪烷等。"杂环烷基"、"杂环基"或"杂环"可经由一个或多个环碳原子或环杂原子与分子其余部分连接。"杂环烷基"、"杂环基"或"杂环"可包括它们的单卤代变体和多卤代变体。
术语"亚烷基",本身或作为其它取代基的一部分,是指衍生自烷烃的二价基团,例如-CH2CH2CH2CH2-。通常,烷基(或亚烷基)将具有1至24个碳原子,其中在本发明中,具有10个或更少个碳原子的那些烷基(或亚烷基)是优选的。"卤代亚烷基"是指亚烷基的单卤代变体和多卤代变体。"亚烯基"和"亚炔基"分别是指具有双键或叁键的不饱和"亚烷基",还包括单卤代变体和多卤代变体。
术语"杂亚烷基",本身或作为其它取代基的一部分,是指衍生自杂烷基的饱和、不饱和或多不饱和的二价基团,例如-CH2-CH2-S-CH2CH2-、-CH2-S-CH2-CH2-NH-CH2-、-O-CH2-CH=CH-、-CH2-CH=C(H)CH2-O-CH2-和-S-CH2-C≡C-。就杂亚烷基而言,杂原子还可位于链的一个末端或两个末端(例如亚烷基氧基、亚烷基二氧基、亚烷基氨基、亚烷基二氨基等)。
术语"烷氧基"、"烷基氨基"和"烷基硫基"(或硫代烷氧基)以它们的常规含义来使用,且分别是指经由氧原子、氨基或硫原子与分子其余部分连接的那些烷基。另外,就二烷基氨基而言,烷基部分可相同或不同且还可与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成3-7元环。因此,由-NRaRb表示的基团意在包括哌啶基、吡咯烷基、吗啉基、氮杂环丁基等。
术语"卤代"或"卤素",本身或作为其它取代基的一部分,除非另有说明,是指氟原子、氯原子、溴原子或碘原子。另外,术语例如"卤代烷基"意在包括单卤代烷基和多卤代烷基。例如,术语"C1-4卤代烷基"意在包括三氟甲基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、4-氯丁基、3-溴丙基、二氟甲基等。
术语"芳基",除非另有说明,是指多不饱和的通常为芳族的烃基,其可以是单环或稠合在一起的多环(至多三个环)。术语"杂芳基"是指含有1至5个选自N、O和S的杂原子的芳基(或芳环),其中氮原子和硫原子任选被氧化且氮原子任选被季铵化。杂芳基可经由杂原子与分子其余部分连接。芳基的非限制性实例包括苯基、萘基和联苯,而杂芳基的非限制性实例包括吡啶基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基、嘧啶基、三嗪基、喹啉基、喹喔啉基、喹唑啉基、噌啉基、酞嗪基、苯并三嗪基、嘌呤基、苯并咪唑基、苯并吡唑基、苯并三唑基、苯并异噁唑基、异苯并呋喃基、异吲哚基、吲嗪基、苯并三嗪基、噻吩并吡啶基、噻吩并嘧啶基、吡唑并嘧啶基、咪唑并吡啶基、苯并噻唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、吲哚基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、异噻唑基、吡唑基、吲唑基、蝶啶基、咪唑基、三唑基、四唑基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噻二唑基、吡咯基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基等。针对上述每种芳基环系和杂芳基环系的任选取代基可选自以下进一步描述的可接受的取代基。
在一些实施方案中,上述术语(例如"烷基"、"芳基"和"杂芳基")将包括所述基团的取代形式和未取代形式。针对每类基团的优选取代基如下所述。
针对烷基(包括那些常常称为亚烷基、烯基、炔基、杂烷基和环烷基的基团)的取代基可以是各种基团,包括但不限于-卤素、-OR'、-NR'R″、-SR'、-SiR'R″R″′、-OC(O)R'、-C(O)R'、-CO2R'、-CONR'R″、-OC(O)NR'R″、-NR″C(O)R'、-NR″′C(O)NR'R″、-NR″C(O)2R'、-NHC(NH2)=NH、-NR′C(NH2)=NH、-NHC(NH2)=NR'、-NR″′C(NR'R″)=N-CN、-NR″′C(NR'R″)=NOR'、-NHC(NH2)=NR',-S(O)R'、-S(O)2R'、-S(O)2NR'R″、-NR'S(O)2R″、-NR″′S(O)2NR'R″、-CN、-NO2、-(CH2)1-4-OR'、-(CH2)1-4-NR'R″、-(CH2)1-4-SR'、-(CH2)1-4-SiR'R″R″′、-(CH2)1-4-OC(O)R'、-(CH2)1-4-C(O)R'、-(CH2)1-4-CO2R'、-(CH2)1-4CONR'R″,取代基数目为0至(2m’+1),其中m’为上述基团中的碳原子总数。R’、R”和R”’各自独立是指基团,包括例如氢、未取代的C1-6烷基、未取代的杂烷基、未取代的芳基、被1-3个卤素取代的芳基、未取代的C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6硫代烷氧基、未取代的芳基-C1-4烷基、未取代的杂芳基、取代的杂芳基等。当R’和R”与同一氮原子连接时,它们可与氮原子一起形成3、4、5、6或7元环。例如,-NR’R”意在包括吡咯烷-1-基和吗啉-4-基。针对烷基(包括杂烷基、亚烷基)的其它取代基包括例如=O、=NR’、=N-OR’、=N-CN、=NH,其中R’包括上述取代基。当针对烷基(包括那些常常称为亚烷基、烯基、炔基、杂烷基和环烷基的基团)的取代基含有亚烷基连接基(例如-(CH2)1-4-NR’R”)时,亚烷基连接基还包括卤代变体。例如,连接基"-(CH2)1-4-",当用作取代基的一部分时,意在包括二氟亚甲基、1,2-二氟亚乙基等。
类似地,针对芳基和杂芳基的取代基是各种各样的且通常选自包括但不限于以下的基团:卤素、-OR'、-OC(O)R'、-NR'R″、-SR'、-R'、-CN、-NO2、-CO2R'、-CONR'R″、-C(O)R'、-OC(O)NR'R″、-NR″C(O)R'、-NR''C(O)2R'、-NR'C(O)NR″R″′、-NHC(NH2)=NH、-NR'C(NH2)=NH、-NHC(NH2)=N R'、-S(O)R'、-S(O)2R'、-S(O)2NR'R″、-NR'S(O)2R″、-N3、全氟代-C1-4烷氧基、全氟代-C1-4烷基、-(CH2)1-4-OR'、-(CH2)1-4-NR'R″、-(CH2)1-4-SR'、-(CH2)1-4-SiR'R″R″′、-(CH2)1-4-OC(O)R'、-(CH2)1-4-C(O)R'、-(CH2)1-4-CO2R'、-(CH2)1-4CONR'R″,取代基数目为0至芳环系统上开放的价键总数;及其中R’、R”和R”’独立选自氢、C1-6烷基、C3-6环烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、未取代的芳基、杂芳基、(未取代的芳基)-C1-4烷基及未取代的芳基氧基-C1-4烷基。其它合适的取代基包括经由具有1-4个碳原子的亚烷基连接基与环原子连接的上述每种芳基取代基。当针对芳基或杂芳基的取代基含有亚烷基连接基(例如-(CH2)1-4-NR’R”)时,亚烷基连接基还包括卤代变体。例如,连接基"-(CH2)1-4-",当用作取代基的一部分时,意在包括二氟亚甲基、1,2-二氟亚乙基等。
本申请使用的术语"杂原子"意在包括氧(O)、氮(N)、硫(S)和硅(Si)。
本申请使用的术语"手性"是指具有镜像配对体不可重叠性的分子,而术语“非手性”是指可与其镜像配对体重叠的分子。
本申请使用的术语"立体异构体"是指具有相同化学组成但原子或基团具有不同空间排列的化合物。
"非对映异构体"是指具有两个或更多个手性中心且其分子不互为镜像的立体异构体。非对映异构体具有不同的物理性质,例如熔点、沸点、光谱性质和反应活性。非对映异构体的混合物可通过高分辨率分析操作例如电泳和色谱来分离。
"对映异构体"是指化合物的互为不可重叠镜像的两种立体异构体。
本申请使用的立体化学定义和常识大体按照S.P.Parker,Ed.,McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Chemical Terms(1984)McGraw-Hill BookCompany,New York;and Eliel,E.and Wilen,S.,"Stereochemistry of OrganicCompounds",John Wiley & Sons,Inc.,New York,1994。本发明化合物可含有不对称中心或手性中心,因此以不同立体异构形式存在。所预期的是,本发明化合物的所有立体异构形式,包括但不限于非对映异构体、对映异构体和阻转异构体及它们的混合物例如外消旋混合物,构成本发明一部分。多种有机化合物以光学活性形式存在,即它们具有使平面偏振光的平面发生旋转的能力。当描述光学活性化合物时,使用前缀D和L或R和S来表示就分子中的手性中心(或多个手性中心)而言分子的绝对构型。前缀d和l或(+)和(-)是用于指定化合物所致平面偏振光旋转的符号,其中(-)或l表示化合物是左旋的。前缀为(+)或d的化合物是右旋的。就给定的化学结构而言,除这些立体异构体互为镜像外,这些立体异构体是相同的。具体的立体异构体还可称为对映异构体且上述异构体的混合物常常称为对映异构体的混合物。对映异构体的50:50混合物称为外消旋混合物或外消旋体,当化学反应或方法中没有立体选择性或立体特异性时,可出现外消旋混合物或外消旋体。术语"外消旋混合物"和"外消旋体"是指两种对映异构物质的等摩尔混合物,其不具有光学活性。
本申请使用的术语"互变异构体"或"互变异构形式"是指具有不同能量的可通过低能垒相互转化的结构异构体。例如,质子互变异构体(也称为质子转移互变异构体)包括通过质子迁移来进行的相互转化,例如酮-烯醇异构化和亚胺-烯胺异构化。价键互变异构体包括通过一些成键电子的重组来进行的相互转化。
本申请使用的术语"溶剂化物"是指一个或多个溶剂分子与本发明化合物的缔合或络合。形成溶剂化物的溶剂的实例包括但不限于水、异丙醇、乙醇、甲醇、DMSO、乙酸乙酯、乙酸和乙醇胺。术语"水合物"是指其中溶剂分子是水的复合物。
本申请使用的术语"保护基"是指通常用于阻断或保护化合物上具体官能团的取代基。例如,"氨基保护基"为与氨基连接的阻断或保护化合物中氨基官能团的取代基。合适的氨基保护基包括乙酰基、三氟乙酰基、叔丁氧基羰基(BOC)、苄基氧基羰基(CBZ)和芴-9-基甲基氧基羰基(Fmoc)。类似地,"羟基保护基"是指羟基上的阻断或保护羟基官能团的取代基。合适的保护基包括乙酰基和甲硅烷基。"羧基保护基"是指羧基上的阻断或保护羧基官能团的取代基。常见的羧基保护基包括苯基磺酰基乙基、氰基乙基、2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙基、2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基甲基、2-(对甲苯磺酰基)乙基、2-(对硝基苯基磺酰基)乙基、2-(二苯基膦基)-乙基、硝基乙基等。有关保护基及其使用的一般描述参见P.G.M.Wuts and T.W.Greene,Greene's Protective Groupsin Organic Synthesis 4th edition,Wiley-Interscience,New York,2006。
本申请使用的术语"哺乳动物"包括但不限于人类、小鼠、大鼠、豚鼠、猴、狗、猫、马、牛、猪和羊。
本申请使用的术语"药用盐"意在包括活性化合物的用相对无毒性的酸或碱(取决于本申请所述化合物上存在的具体取代基)制备的盐。当本发明化合物含有相对酸性的官能团时,碱加成盐可如下得到:使中性形式的上述化合物与足够量的所需碱在存在或不存在合适惰性溶剂的情况下接触。由药用无机碱得到的盐的实例包括铝盐、铵盐、钙盐、铜盐、铁盐、亚铁盐、锂盐、镁盐、锰盐、亚锰盐、钾盐、钠盐、锌盐等。由药用有机碱得到的盐包括以下物质的盐:伯胺、仲胺和叔胺,包括取代的胺、环胺、天然存在的胺等,例如精氨酸、甜菜碱、咖啡因、胆碱、N,N’-二苄基乙二胺、二乙胺、2-二乙基氨基乙醇、2-二甲基氨基乙醇、乙醇胺、乙二胺、N-乙基吗啉、N-乙基哌啶、葡萄糖胺(glucamine)、氨基葡萄糖(glucosamine)、组氨酸、哈胺、异丙胺、赖氨酸、甲基葡萄糖胺、吗啉、哌嗪、哌啶、聚胺树脂、普鲁卡因、嘌呤、可可碱、三乙胺、三甲胺、三丙胺、氨基丁三醇等。当本发明化合物含有相对碱性的官能团时,酸加成盐可如下得到:使中性形式的上述化合物与足够量的所需酸在存在或不存在合适惰性溶剂的情况下接触。药用酸加成盐的实例包括由以下无机酸得到的那些盐:例如盐酸、氢溴酸、硝酸、碳酸、单氢碳酸、磷酸、单氢磷酸、二氢磷酸、硫酸、单氢硫酸、氢碘酸或亚磷酸等;及由以下相对无毒性的有机酸得到的盐:例如乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、丙二酸、苯甲酸、琥珀酸、辛二酸、富马酸、扁桃酸、邻苯二甲酸、苯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、枸橼酸、酒石酸、甲磺酸等。本发明还包括氨基酸例如精氨酸等的盐及有机酸例如葡萄糖醛酸或半乳糖醛酸等的盐(参见例如Berge,S.M.,et al.,"Pharmaceutical Salts",Journal of Pharmaceutical Science,1977,66,1-19)。本发明一些具体化合物同时含有碱性官能团和酸性官能团,从而可将所述化合物转化成碱加成盐或酸加成盐。
中性形式的化合物可如下重新得到:使盐与碱或酸接触且以常规方式对母体化合物进行分离。母体形式的化合物在一些物理性质(例如在极性溶剂中的溶解度)上不同于各种盐形式,但就本发明目的而言,盐与母体形式的化合物是等价的。
除盐形式外,本发明提供呈前药形式的化合物。本申请使用的术语"前药"是指这样的化合物,其在生理学条件下容易发生化学变化以提供本发明化合物。另外,前药可通过化学方法或生物化学方法而在离体环境中转化成本发明化合物。例如,当与合适的酶或化学试剂一起置于透皮贴剂储库中时,前药可缓慢转化成本发明化合物。
本发明前药包括这样的化合物,其中氨基酸残基或具有两个或更多个(例如两个、三个或四个)氨基酸残基的多肽链通过酰胺键或酯键与本发明化合物中的游离氨基、羟基或羧基共价连接。氨基酸残基包括但不限于通常由三个字母符号指定的20种天然存在的氨基酸且还包括磷酸丝氨酸、磷酸苏氨酸、磷酸酪氨酸、4-羟基脯氨酸、羟基赖氨酸、锁链素、异锁链素、γ-羧基谷氨酸、马尿酸、八氢吲哚-2-羧酸、抑制素(statine)、1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-3-羧酸、青霉胺、鸟氨酸、3-甲基组氨酸、正缬氨酸、β-丙氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸、瓜氨酸、高半胱氨酸、高丝氨酸、甲基-丙氨酸、对苯甲酰基苯基丙氨酸、苯基甘氨酸、炔丙基甘氨酸、肌氨酸、蛋氨酸砜和叔丁基甘氨酸。
本发明还包括其它类型的前药。例如,可将本发明化合物中的游离羧基衍生为酰胺或烷基酯。作为另一个实例,包含游离羟基的本发明化合物可通过将羟基转化成以下基团而衍生为前药,所述基团为例如但不限于磷酸酯基团、半琥珀酸酯基团、二甲基氨基乙酸酯基团或磷酰基氧基甲基氧基羰基,参见Fleisher,D.et al.,(1996)Improved oral drug delivery:solubility limitationsovercome by the use of prodrugs Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews,19:115。本发明还包括羟基和氨基的氨基甲酸酯前药及羟基的碳酸酯前药、羟基的磺酸酯和羟基的硫酸酯。本发明还包括将羟基衍生为(酰基氧基)甲基醚和(酰基氧基)乙基醚,其中所述酰基可以是任选被包括但不限于醚官能团、胺官能团和羧酸官能团的基团取代的烷基酯基团,或其中所述酰基是如上所述的氨基酸酯基团。这类前药参见J.Med.Chem.,(1996),39:10。更具体的实例包括用以下基团代替羟基中的氢原子,所述基团为例如(C1-C6)烷酰基氧基甲基、1-((C1-C6)烷酰基氧基)乙基、1-甲基-1-((C1-C6)烷酰基氧基)乙基、(C1-C6)烷氧基羰基氧基甲基、N-(C1-C6)烷氧基羰基氨基甲基、琥珀酰基、(C1-C6)烷酰基、α-氨基(C1-C4)烷酰基、芳基酰基、α-氨基酰基、α-氨基酰基-α-氨基酰基(其中α-氨基酰基各自独立选自天然存在的L-氨基酸)、-P(O)(OH)2、-P(O)(O(C1-C6)烷基)2或糖基(所述基团通过除去半缩醛形式的碳水化合物中的羟基而得到)。
前药衍生物的其它实例参见例如a)Design of Prodrugs,edited by H.Bundgaard,(Elsevier,1985)and Methods in Enzymology,Vol.42,p.309-396,edited by K.Widder,et al.(Academic Press,1985);b)A Textbook of DrugDesign and Development,edited by Krogsgaard-Larsen and H.Bundgaard,Chapter 5"Design and Application of Prodrugs,"by H.Bundgaard p.113-191(1991);c)H.Bundgaard,Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews,8:1-38(1992);d)H.Bundgaard,et al.,Journal ofPharmaceutical Sciences,77:285(1988);和e)N.Kakeya,et al.,Chem.Pharm.Bull.,32:692(1984),在此将每篇文献具体引入作为参考。
另外,本发明提供本发明化合物的代谢物。本申请使用的"代谢物"是指通过对具体化合物或其盐进行体内代谢而产生的产物。上述产物可源于例如对所给药的化合物进行的氧化、还原、水解、酰胺化、脱酰胺化、酯化、脱酯化、酶法裂解等。
代谢产物通常如下鉴定:制备本发明化合物的经放射性标记的同位素(例如14C或3H),将其按可检测的剂量(例如大于约0.5mg/kg)以肠胃外方式给药至动物例如大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠、猴或给药至人类,允许足以发生代谢的时间(通常为约30秒至30小时),然后从尿、血液或其它生物样品中分离其转化产物。这些产物是容易分离的,这是因为它们是经标记的(其它产物通过使用能够与代谢物中存活的表位结合的抗体来分离)。代谢物的结构以常规方式例如通过MS、LC/MS或NMR分析来确定。通常,对代谢物的分析以与本领域技术人员公知的常规药物代谢研究相同的方式来进行。代谢产物,只要它们不是在体内另外存在的,就可用于对本发明化合物的治疗性给药进行诊断性测定。
本发明一些化合物可按非溶剂化形式及溶剂化形式(包括水合形式)存在。通常,溶剂化形式等价于非溶剂化形式且意在包括在本发明范围内。本发明一些化合物可按多晶型形式或无定形形式存在。通常,所有物理形式就本发明包括的用途而言是等价的且意在包括在本发明范围内。
本发明一些化合物具有不对称碳原子(光学中心)或双键;外消旋体、非对映异构体、几何异构体、区域异构体和单独的异构体(例如单独的对映异构体)都意在包括在本发明范围内。
本发明化合物还可在构成上述化合物的一个或多个原子处含有非天然比例的原子同位素。例如,本发明还包括经同位素标记的本发明变体,所述变体除以下事实外与本申请描述的那些化合物相同:一个或多个原子被以下原子代替,其原子质量或质量数不同于就所述原子而言天然常见的占主导地位的原子质量或质量数。所述任意具体原子或元素的所有同位素都包括在本发明化合物及其用途的范围内。可引入本发明化合物中的示例性同位素包括氢、碳、氮、氧、磷、硫、氟、氯和碘的同位素,例如2H、3H、11C、13C、14C、13N、15N、15O、17O、18O、32P、33P、35S、18F、36Cl、123I和125I。一些经同位素标记的本发明化合物(例如用3H或14C标记的那些化合物)可用于化合物和/或底物组织分布测定。氚(3H)同位素和碳-14(14C)同位素由于其易于制备和易于检测而是有用的。另外,用较重同位素例如氘(即2H)进行的代替可得到由于较好的代谢稳定性而带来的一些治疗优点(例如增加的体内半衰期或降低的剂量需要),因此在一些情况下可以是优选的。发射正电子的同位素例如15O、13N、11C和18F可用于正电子发射断层扫描术(PET)研究以检查底物受体占据。经同位素标记的本发明化合物通常可如下制备:按照与本申请以下方案和/或实施例中所述类似的操作,用经同位素标记的试剂代替未经同位素标记的试剂。
术语"治疗"是指治疗性处置和预防性或防止性措施,其中目的是预防或减缓(减轻)不期望的生理学变化或障碍(例如癌症的发展或扩散)。出于本发明目的,有益的或期望的临床结果包括但不限于缓解症状、降低疾病程度、稳定(即不是恶化)病症、延迟或减缓疾病进展、改善或缓和病症及好转(部分好转或完全好转),无论这些结果是可检测的还是不可检测的。"治疗"还可表示与未接受治疗的预期存活相比延长的存活。需要治疗的对象包括已患有所述病症或障碍的对象及易患所述病症或障碍的对象或有待预防所述病症或障碍的对象。
短语“治疗有效量”表示(i)治疗或预防本申请描述的具体疾病、病症或障碍的本发明化合物的量,(ii)削弱、改善或消除本申请描述的具体疾病、病症或障碍的一种或多种症状的本发明化合物的量,或(iii)预防或延迟本申请描述的具体疾病、病症或障碍的一种或多种症状的发作的本发明化合物的量。就癌症而言,治疗有效量的药物可减少癌症细胞数目;减小肿瘤尺寸;抑制(即在一定程度上减缓及优选为停止)癌症细胞向周围器官中的浸润;抑制(即在一定程度上减缓及优选为停止)肿瘤转移;在一定程度上抑制肿瘤生长;和/或在一定程度上缓解与癌症相关的一种或多种症状。如果药物可预防生长和/或杀死现有癌症细胞,则所述药物可以是细胞生长抑制性的和/或是细胞毒性的。就治疗癌症而言,可例如通过评价疾病进展时间(TTP)和/或确定应答率(RR)来测量功效。
术语"癌症"和"癌性"是指或描述哺乳动物中通常以细胞生长失调为特征的生理学情况。“肿瘤”包含一种或多种癌性细胞。癌症的实例包括但不限于癌瘤、淋巴瘤、母细胞瘤、肉瘤及白血病或淋巴样恶性肿瘤。上述癌症的更具体实例包括鳞状细胞癌例如上皮鳞状细胞癌,肺癌包括小细胞肺癌、非小细胞肺癌(“NSCLC”)、肺腺癌和肺鳞状细胞癌,腹膜癌,肝细胞癌,胃部癌症或胃癌包括胃肠癌,胰腺癌,成胶质细胞瘤,宫颈癌,卵巢癌,肝部癌症,膀胱癌,肝癌,乳腺癌,结肠癌,直肠癌,结肠直肠癌,子宫内膜癌或子宫癌,唾液腺癌,肾癌或肾脏癌症,前列腺癌,外阴癌,甲状腺癌,肝脏癌瘤,肛门癌,阴茎癌及头颈癌。
本申请使用的术语"辅助物"是指活性化合物与已知治疗措施的联用。上述措施包括用于治疗不同癌症类型的细胞毒性给药方案和/或电离辐射。可与本发明化合物联用的化学治疗剂的实例包括厄洛替尼(Genentech/OSI Pharm.)、硼替佐米(Millennium Pharm.)、氟维司群(AstraZeneca)、Sutent(SU 11248,Pfizer)、来曲唑(Novartis)、甲磺酸伊马替尼(Novartis)、PTK787/ZK 222584(Novartis)、奥沙利铂(Sanofi)、5-FU(5-氟尿嘧啶)、亚叶酸(Leucovorin)、雷怕霉素(西罗莫司,Wyeth)、拉帕替尼(GSK572016,Glaxo Smith Kline)、Lonafarnib(SCH 66336)、索拉非尼(BAY43-9006,Bayer Labs)和吉非替尼(AstraZeneca)、AG1478、AG1571(SU 5271;Sugen),烷化剂诸如塞替派和环磷酰胺;烷基磺酸酯诸如白消安、英丙舒凡和哌泊舒凡;氮丙啶如benzodopa、卡波醌、meturedopa和uredopa;乙撑亚胺(ethylenimine)和甲基氨基吖啶(methylamelamine),包括六甲蜜胺、三亚胺嗪(triethylenemelamine)、三亚乙基磷酰胺(triethylenephosphoramide)、三亚乙基硫化磷酰胺(triethylenethiophosphoramide)和trimethylomelamine;番荔枝内酯(acetogenin)(尤其是布拉它辛(bullatacin)和布拉它辛酮(bullatacinone));喜树碱(包括合成性类似物托泊替康(topotecan));苔藓抑素(bryostatin);callystatin;CC-1065(包括其阿多来新(adozelesin)、卡折来新(carzelesin)和比折来新(bizelesin)合成性类似物);cryptophycins(特别是cryptophycin 1和cryptophycin8);多拉司他汀(dolastatin);duocarmycin(包括合成性类似物KW-2189和CB1-TM1);艾榴塞洛素(eleutherobin);pancratistatin;sarcodictyin;spongistatin;氮芥如苯丁酸氮芥、萘氮芥、氯磷酰胺(chlorophosphamide)、雌莫司汀、异环磷酰胺、双氯乙基甲胺(mechlorethamine)、盐酸氧氮芥(mechlorethamine oxide hydrochloride)、美法仑、新氮芥(novembichin)、苯芥胆甾醇(phenesterine)、泼尼莫司汀(prednimustine)、曲磷胺(trofosfamide)、尿嘧啶氮芥(uracil mustard);硝基脲如卡莫司汀、氯脲菌素(chlorozotocin)、福莫司汀、洛莫司汀、尼莫斯汀和雷莫司汀;抗生素如烯二炔(enediyne)抗生素(例如刺孢霉素(calicheamicin),尤其是刺孢霉素γ1I、刺孢霉素ωI1(AngewChem.Intl.Ed.Engl.(1994)33:183-186);蒽环类抗生素(dynemicin),包括dynemicin A;二膦酸盐(bisphosphonate)如氯膦酸盐(clodronate);埃斯培拉霉素(esperamicin);以及新抑癌蛋白生色团(neocarzinostatin chromophore)和相关色蛋白烯二炔抗生素生色团(enediyne antibiotic chromophore)、aclacinomysin、放线菌素(actinomycin)、authramycin、偶氮丝氨酸(azaserine)、博来霉素、放线菌素C(cactinomycin)、carabicin、去甲柔红霉素(carminomycin)、嗜癌素(carzinophilin)、色霉素(chromomycin)、放线菌素D(dactinomycin)、柔红霉素(daunorubicin)、地拖比星(detorubicin)、6-重氮基-5-氧代-L-正亮氨酸(6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine)、(多柔比星)、吗啉代-多柔比星、氰基吗啉代-多柔比星、2-吡咯啉子基-多柔比星和去氧多柔比星、表柔比星(epirubicin)、依索比星、伊达比星、麻西罗霉素(marcellomycin)、丝裂霉素如丝裂霉素C、麦考酚酸(mycophenolic acid)、诺拉霉素(nogalamycin)、橄榄霉素(olivomycins)、培洛霉素(peplomycin)、泊非霉素(porfiromycin)、嘌罗霉素(puromycin)、三铁阿霉素(quelamycin)、罗多比星(rodorubicin)、链黑霉素(streptonigrin)、链佐星(streptozocin)、杀结核菌素(tubercidin)、乌苯美司(ubenimex)、净司他丁(zinostatin)、佐柔比星;抗代谢物如甲氨喋呤和5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU);叶酸类似物如二甲叶酸、甲氨喋呤、喋罗呤(pteropterin)、三甲曲沙(trimetrexate);嘌呤类似物如氟达拉滨(fludarabine)、6-巯嘌呤、硫咪嘌呤(thiamiprine)、硫鸟嘌呤(thioguanine);嘧啶类似物如安西他滨(ancitabine)、阿扎胞苷(azacytidine)、6-氮鸟苷(6-azauridine)、卡莫氟(carmofur)、阿糖胞苷(cytarabine)、二脱氧尿苷(dideoxyuridine)、去氧氟尿苷(doxifluridine)、伊诺他滨(enocitabine)、氟尿苷(floxuridine);雄激素如卡普睾酮(calusterone)、丙酸甲雄烷酮(dromostanolonepropionate)、环硫雄醇(epitiostanol)、美雄烷(mepitiostane)、睾内酯(testolactone);抗肾上腺素(anti-adrenal)如氨鲁米特(aminoglutethimide)、米托坦(mitotane)、曲洛司坦(trilostane);叶酸补充剂(folic acid replenisher)如亚叶酸(frolinic acid);醋葡醛内酯(aceglatone);醛磷酰胺糖苷(aldophosphamideglycoside);氨基乙酰丙酸(aminolevulinic acid);恩尿嘧啶(eniluracil);安吖啶(amsacrine);bestrabucil;比生群(bisantrene);伊达曲杀(edatraxate);地磷酰胺(defofamine);秋水仙胺(demecolcine);地吖醌(diaziquone);elfornithine;依利醋铵(elliptinium acetate);埃坡霉素(epothilone);依托格鲁(etoglucid);硝酸镓(gallium nitrate);羟基脲(hydroxyurea);香菇多糖(lentinan);氯尼达明(lonidainine);美登醇(maytansinoid)如美登素(maytansine)和安丝菌素(ansamitocin);米托胍腙(mitoguazone);米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone);mopidanmol;根瘤菌剂(nitraerine);喷司他丁(pentostatin);蛋氨氮芥(phenamet);吡柔比星(pirarubicin);洛索蒽醌(losoxantrone);鬼臼酸(podophyllinic acid);2-乙基肼;丙卡巴肼(procarbazine);多糖复合物(JHS Natural Products,Eugene,OR);雷佐生(razoxane);根霉素(rhizoxin);西佐喃(sizofiran);锗螺胺(spirogermanium);细交链孢菌酮酸(tenuazonic acid);三亚胺醌(triaziquone);2,2',2"-三氯三乙胺;单端孢菌毒素(trichothecene)(尤其是T-2毒素、verracurinA、杆孢菌素A和anguidine);乌拉坦;长春地辛;达卡巴嗪(dacarbazine);甘露莫司汀(mannomustine);二溴甘露醇(mitobronitol);二溴卫矛醇(mitolactol);哌泊溴烷(pipobroman);gacytosine;阿糖胞苷(arabinoside)(“Ara-C”);环磷酰胺;塞替派;紫衫烷,例如(紫杉醇;Bristol-Myers Squibb Oncology,Princeton,N.J.)、ABRAXANETM(不含克列莫佛)、紫杉醇的白蛋白工程化纳米微粒制剂(albumin-engineered nanoparticleformulations of paclitaxel)(American Pharmaceutical Partners,Schaumberg,Ill.)和(多西他赛(docetaxel);Rhone-Poulenc Rorer,Antony,France);chloranmbucil;(吉西他滨);6-硫代鸟嘌呤;巯嘌呤;甲氨喋呤;铂类似物如顺铂和卡铂;长春碱;依托泊苷(VP-16);异环磷酰胺;米托蒽醌;长春新碱;长春瑞滨诺消灵(novantrone);替尼泊苷(teniposide);伊达曲杀(edatrexate);柔红霉素;氨基喋呤;卡培他滨伊班膦酸盐(ibandronate);CPT-11;拓扑异构酶抑制剂RFS2000;二氟甲基鸟氨酸(difluoromethylornithine,DMFO);类视黄醇(retinoid)如视黄酸(retinoic acid);以及上述任何物质的药用盐、酸和衍生物。
以下物质也包括在“化疗药物”的定义中:(i)用于调节或抑制激素对肿瘤的作用的抗激素药物,如抗雌激素药物(anti-estrogen)和选择性雌激素受体调节剂(selective estrogen receptor modulator,SERM),包括例如他莫昔芬(包括枸橼酸他莫昔芬)、雷洛昔芬、屈洛昔芬、4-羟基他莫昔芬、曲沃昔芬(trioxifene)、雷洛西芬(keoxifene)、LY117018、奥那司酮(onapristone)和(枸橼酸托米芬(toremifine citrate));(ii)抑制芳香酶(调节肾上腺中雌激素产生)的芳香酶抑制剂,例如4(5)-咪唑、氨鲁米特、(醋酸甲地孕酮(megestrol acetate))、(依西美坦(exemestane);Pfizer)、formestanie、法倔唑(fadrozole)、(伏氯唑(vorozole))、(来曲唑;Novartis)和(阿那曲唑(anastrozole);AstraZeneca);(iii)抗雄激素药物(anti-androgen),如氟他胺、尼鲁米特(nilutamide)、比卡鲁胺(bicalutamide)、醋酸亮丙瑞林(leuprolide)和戈舍瑞林(goserelin)以及曲沙他滨(troxacitabine)(1,3-二氧戊环核苷胞嘧啶类似物);(iv)蛋白激酶抑制剂,例如PI3K抑制剂、MEK抑制剂等;(v)脂质激酶抑制剂;(vi)反义寡核苷酸,特别是抑制异常细胞增殖中所涉及的信号转导途径中的基因表达的反义寡核苷酸,所述基因例如PKC-α、Raf和H-Ras;(vii)核酶如VEGF表达抑制剂(例如)和HER2表达抑制剂;(viii)疫苗如基因治疗疫苗,例如 和 拓扑异构酶1抑制剂如 (ix)抗血管生成药物如贝伐单抗(Genentech);以及(x)上述任何物质的药用盐、酸和衍生物。活性化合物还可用作细胞培养添加剂以抑制例如mTOR,从而使细胞在体外敏感于已知的化学治疗剂或电离辐射。
化合物
在一个方面,本发明提供式I化合物:
其中R1选自6-至10-元芳基、5-至9-元杂芳基、3-至12-元杂环烷基、3-至12-元环烷基,其中R1取代有0至5个选自以下的RR1取代基:卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NRaRb、-SRa、-ORa、-C(O)ORa、-C(O)NRaRb、-C(O)Ra、-NRaC(O)Rb、-OC(O)Rc、-NRaC(O)NRaRb、-OC(O)NRaRb、-NRaS(O)2NRaRb、-S(O)2Ra、-S(O)2NRaRb、-Rc、-NO2、-N3、=O、-CN、Rc1、-X1-NRaRb、-X1-SRa、-X1-ORa、-X1-C(O)ORa、-X1-C(O)NRaRb、-X1-C(O)Ra、-X1-NRaC(O)Rb、-X1-OC(O)Ra、-X1-NRaC(O)NRaRb、-X1-OC(O)NRaRb、-X1-NRaS(O)2NRaRb、-X1-S(O)2Ra、-X1-S(O)2NRaRb、-X1-NO2、-X1-N3、-X1-CN和X1-Rc1;其中Ra和Rb各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基,任选地,Ra和Rb在与同一氮原子连接时合起来形成3-至6-元杂环,所述3-至6-元杂环包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子;Rc选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基;X1选自C1-4亚烷基、C2-4亚烯基和C2-4亚炔基;以及Rc1选自苯基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、咪唑-2-基、吲哚-2-基、萘-1-基、萘-2-基、噻吩-2-基、噻吩-3-基、吡咯-2-基、呋喃-2-基和呋喃-3-基,以及其中Rc1取代有0-3个选自以下的取代基:F、Cl、Br、I、-NRaRb、-SRa、-ORa、-S(O)2Ra、-S(O)2NRaRb、-NO2、-N3、=O、-CN、吡啶基、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基和C1-6杂烷基。R2选自氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6杂烷基、6-至10元芳基、5-至10-元杂芳基、3-至12-元杂环烷基、3-至12元环烷基、-L-C6-10芳基、-L-C1-9杂芳基、-L-C3-12环烷基、-L-C2-12杂环烷基,其中L选自C1-6亚烷基、C2-6亚烯基、C2-6亚炔基和C1-6杂亚烷基,以及其中R2取代有0至5个选自以下的RR2取代基:卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NRdRe、-SRd、-ORd、-C(O)ORd、-C(O)NRdRe、-C(O)Rd、-NRdC(O)Re、-OC(O)Rf、-NRdC(O)NRdRe、-OC(O)NRdRe、-NRdS(O)2NRdRe、-S(O)2Rd、-S(O)2NRdRe、-Rf、-NO2、-N3、=O、-CN、-X2-NRdRe、-X2-SRd、-X2-ORd、-X2-C(O)ORd、-X2-C(O)NRdRe、-X2-C(O)Rd、-X2-NRdC(O)Re、-X2-OC(O)Rd、-X2-NRdC(O)NRdRe、-X2-OC(O)NRdRe、-X2-NRdS(O)2NRdRe、-X2-S(O)2Rd、-X2-S(O)2NRdRe、-X2-NO2、-X2-N3和–X2-CN;其中Rd和Re各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基,任选地,Rd和Re在与同一氮原子连接时合起来形成3-至6-元杂环,所述3-至6-元杂环包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子;Rf选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基;以及X2选自C1-4亚烷基、C2-4亚烯基和C2-4亚炔基。R3为5-至12-元单环的或桥连的杂环烷基环,其中所述R3基团取代有0-3个选自以下的RR3取代基:-C(O)ORg、-C(O)NRgRh、-NRgRh、-ORg、-SRg、-S(O)2Ri、-S(O)Ri、-Ri、卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NO2、-CN和-N3,其中Rg和Rh各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C2-6烯基和C3-6环烷基,其中任选地,Rg和Rh与各自连接的氮原子一起合起来形成3-至6-元杂环,所述3-至6-元杂环包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子,以及Ri选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C3-6环烷基;以及如果R3为单环的杂环烷基环,那么与R3的相同原子连接的任何两个RR3基团任选合起来形成3-至7-元碳环或包含1至2个选自N、O和S的原子作为环原子的3-至7-元杂环。A1、A2、A3和A4各自为独立选自N、C(RA)或C(H)的成员,其中A1、A2、A3和A4中的至少三个各自独立地为C(H)或C(RA),其中RA在每次出现时独立选自F、Cl、Br、I、-NO2、-CN、C1-4烷基、C2-4烯基、C2-4炔基,或者与相邻原子连接的任何两个RA基团任选合起来形成包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子作为环原子的C2-6杂环、C3-7环烷基环、包含1-4个选自N、O和S的杂原子作为环原子的C1-5杂芳基环或苯环。最后,D为选自以下的成员:-NR4C(O)NR5R6、-NR5R6、-C(O)NR5R6、-OC(O)OR5、-OC(O)NR5R6、-NR4C(=N-CN)NR5R6、-NR4C(=N-OR5)NR5R6、-NR4C(=N-NR5)NR5R6、-NR4C(O)R5、-NR4C(O)OR5、-NR4S(O)2NR5R6和-NR4S(O)2R5,其中R4选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基和C2-6烯基;R5和R6各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-10环烷基、C2-10杂环烷基、C6-10芳基和C1-9杂芳基,以及R5和R6在与同一氮原子连接时任选合起来形成5-至7-元杂环或5-至9-元杂芳基环,所述5-至7-元杂环或5-至9-元杂芳基环包含1-3个选自N、O和S的杂原子作为环原子并取代有0-3个RD取代基;以及其中R4、R5和R6还取代有0-3个RD取代基,其中RD独立选自卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NO2、-CN、-N RjRk、-ORj、-SRj、-C(O)ORj、-C(O)NRjRk、-NRjC(O)Rk、-NRjC(O)ORm、-X3-NRjRk、-X3-ORj、-X3-SRj、-X3-C(O)ORj、-X3-C(O)NRjRk、-X3-NRjC(O)Rk、-X3-NRjC(O)ORk、-X3-CN、-X3-NO2、-S(O)Rm、-S(O)2Rm、=O和–Rm;其中Rj和Rk选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6杂烷基、C3-7环烷基、C3-7杂环烷基、C6-10芳基、C1-9杂芳基;以及Rm在每次出现时独立选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C3-7环烷基、C3-7杂环烷基、C6-10芳基和C1-9杂芳基,X3选自C1-4亚烷基、C2-4亚烯基和C2-4亚炔基;以及其中D和连接至与D所连接的原子相邻的原子的RA取代基任选合起来形成任选取代的5-至6-元杂环或杂芳基环,所述任选取代的5-至6-元杂环或杂芳基环取代有0-4个RD取代基。
在一个实施方案中,式I化合物具有式I-A
在另一个实施方案中,在式I或I-A化合物中,R3选自吗啉-4-基、3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基、3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基、四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基、1,4-氧氮杂环庚烷-4-基、2-氧杂-5-氮杂二环[2.2.1]庚-5-基、3-氧杂-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-8-基、哌啶-1-基和8-氧杂-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基,其中所述R3基团取代有0-3个选自以下的RR3取代基:-C(O)ORg、-C(O)NRgRh、-NRgRh、-ORg、-SRg、-S(O)2Ri、-S(O)Ri、-Ri、卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NO2、-CN和-N3,其中Rg和Rh各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C2-6烯基和C3-6环烷基,其中任选地,Rg和Rh与各自连接的氮原子一起合起来形成3-至6-元杂环,所述3-至6-元杂环包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子,以及Ri选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C3-6环烷基;以及如果R3为单环的杂环烷基环,那么与R3的相同原子连接的任何两个RR3基团任选合起来形成3-至7-元碳环或包含1至2个选自N、O和S的原子作为环原子的3-至7-元杂环。在该实施方案的某些方面,R3取代有0-2个选自-NRgRh、-ORg和Ri的RR3取代基,以及当R3为单环的杂环烷基环时,那么与R3的相同原子连接的任何两个RR3基团任选合起来形成3-至7-元碳环或包含1至2个选自N、O和S的原子作为环原子的3-至7-元杂环。在该实施方案的某些方面,R3选自吗啉-4-基、3(R)-甲基-吗啉-4-基、3(S)-甲基-吗啉-4-基、3(R)-乙基-吗啉-4-基、3(S)-乙基-吗啉-4-基、3(R)-异丙基-吗啉-4-基、3(S)-异丙基-吗啉-4-基、3,3-二甲基-吗啉-4-基、3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基、3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基、四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基、1,4-氧氮杂环庚烷-4-基、哌啶-1-基、2-氧杂-5-氮杂二环[2.2.1]庚-5-基、3-氧杂-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-8-基、4-甲氧基-哌啶-1-基和8-氧杂-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基。具体地,R3为3-甲基-吗啉-4-基。
在另一个实施方案中,在式I或I-A化合物中,D选自-NR4C(O)NR5R6、-NR5R6、-C(O)NR5R6、-NR4C(=N-CN)NR5R6、-NR4C(O)R5、-NR4C(O)OR5、-NR4S(O)2NR5R6和-NR4S(O)2R5。在该实施方案的某些方面,D为-NR4C(O)NR5R6或-NR5R6,其中R4为氢,R5和R6各自独立地为任选取代的选自以下的基团:氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、C6-10芳基和C1-9杂芳基,以及R5和R6当与同一氮原子连接时任选合起来形成5-至7-元杂环或5-至9-元杂芳基环,所述5-至7-元杂环或5-至9-元杂芳基环包含1-3个选自N、O和S的杂原子作为环原子并取代有0-3个RD取代基。
在另一个实施方案中,在式I或I-A化合物中,D为-NR5R6,其中R5为氢或C1-3烷基,以及R6为任选取代的C6-10芳基、C1-9杂芳基或C3-7杂环烷基。在该实施方案的某些方面,D为-NR5R6,其中R5为氢或C1-3烷基,以及R6为任选取代的选自以下的C3-7杂环烷基:
其中在C3-7杂环烷基环中与一个或多个氮或碳环原子连接的氢原子任选被选自以下的RD取代基替代:F、Cl、Br、I、-NRjRk、-ORj和Rs。在该实施方案的某些方面,D选自:
在另一个实施方案中,在式I或I-A化合物中,D为-NR5R6,其中R5和R6合起来形成任选取代的选自以下的5-元杂芳基环:吡咯基、吡唑基、咪唑基和三唑基。
在另一个实施方案中,在式I或I-A化合物中,D为-NR4C(O)NR5R6,其中R4为氢;R5和R6各自独立地为任选取代的选自以下的基团:氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C3-7环烷基、C3-7杂环烷基、5-至6-元杂芳基和任选取代的苯基。在该实施方案的某些方面,R5和R6中的一个为氢。在该实施方案的某些方面,R4和R5各自为氢以及R6为任选取代的选自以下的基团:C1-6烷基和C1-6卤代烷基。在该实施方案的某个方面,R6选自
在该实施方案的某些方面,R6选自:
在另一个实施方案中,在式I或I-A化合物中,D为-NR4C(O)NR5R6,其中R4和R5各自为氢以及R6为乙基。
在另一个实施方案中,在式I或I-A化合物中,D为-NR4C(O)NR5R6,其中R4为氢以及R5为氢或C1-3烷基以及R6为任选取代的选自以下的基团:任选取代的异噁唑-3-基、异噁唑-4-基、异噁唑-5-基、噁唑-2-基、噁唑-4-基、噁唑-5-基、吡唑-3-基、吡唑-4-基、吡唑-5-基、1,2,3-噁二唑-4-基、1,2,3-噁二唑-5-基、1,3,4-噁二唑-2-基、1,3,4-噁二唑-5-基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、吡啶-5-基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、氮杂环庚烷-2-基、氮杂环庚烷-3-基、四氢呋喃-2-基、四氢呋喃-3-基和苯基。在该实施方案的某些方面,R6独立地取代有0-3个选自以下的取代基:F、Cl、Br、I、-CN、-Rm、-NRjRk和–ORj。在该实施方案的某些方面,R6选自
在另一个实施方案中,在式I化合物中,D和连接至与D所连接的原子相邻的原子的RA取代基任选合起来形成任选取代的5-至6-元杂环或杂芳基环,所述任选取代的5-至6-元杂环或杂芳基环取代有0-4个RD取代基。在该实施方案的某些方面,由D和连接至与D所连接的原子相邻的原子的RA取代基合起来形成的5-至6-元杂环或杂芳基环选自任选取代的咪唑烷酮、吡唑、咪唑、吡咯烷酮和嘧啶。在该实施方案的另一个方面,D和连接至与D所连接的原子相邻的原子的RA取代基任选合起来形成选自以下的任选取代的5-至6-元杂环或杂芳基环:
在另一个实施方案中,在式I或I-A化合物中,R1选自苯基、5-至6-元杂芳基、3-至7-元杂环烷基、3-至7-元环烷基,其中R1取代有0至5个选自以下的RR1取代基:卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NRaRb、-SRa、-ORa、-C(O)ORa、-C(O)NRaRb、-C(O)Ra、-NRaC(O)Rb、-OC(O)Rc、-NRaC(O)NRaRb、-OC(O)NRaRb、-NRaS(O)2NRaRb、-S(O)2Ra、-S(O)2NRaRb、-Rc、-NO2、-N3、=O、-CN、Rc1、-X1-NRaRb、-X1-SRa、-X1-ORa、-X1-C(O)ORa、-X1-C(O)NRaRb、-X1-C(O)Ra、-X1-NRaC(O)Rb、-X1-OC(O)Ra、-X1-NRaC(O)NRaRb、-X1-OC(O)NRaRb、-X1-NRaS(O)2NRaRb、-X1-S(O)2Ra、-X1-S(O)2NRaRb、-X1-NO2、-X1-N3、-X1-CN和X1-Rc1;其中Ra和Rb各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基,任选地,Ra和Rb在与同一氮原子连接时合起来形成3-至6-元杂环,所述3-至6-元杂环包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子;Rc选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基;X1选自C1-4亚烷基、C2-4亚烯基和C2-4亚炔基;以及Rc1选自苯基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、咪唑-2-基、吲哚-2-基、萘-1-基、萘-2-基、噻吩-2-基、噻吩-3-基、吡咯-2-基、呋喃-2-基和呋喃-3-基,以及其中Rc1取代有0-3个选自以下的取代基:F、Cl、Br、I、-NRaRb、-SRa、-ORa、-S(O)2Ra、-S(O)2NRaRb、-NO2、-N3、=O、-CN、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基和C1-6杂烷基;以及R2选自氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6杂烷基、3-至6-元杂环烷基、3-至6元环烷基,以及其中R2取代有0-3个选自以下的RR2取代基:卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NRdRe、-SRd、-ORd、-C(O)ORd、-C(O)NRdRe、-C(O)Rd、-NRdC(O)Re、-OC(O)Rf、-NRdC(O)NRdRe、-OC(O)NRdRe、-NRdS(O)2NRdRe、-S(O)2Rd、-S(O)2NRdRe、-Rf、-NO2、-N3、=O、-CN、-X2-NRdRe、-X2-SRd、-X2-ORd、-X2-C(O)ORd、-X2-C(O)NRdRe、-X2-C(O)Rd、-X2-NRdC(O)Re、-X2-OC(O)Rd、-X2-NRdC(O)NRdRe、-X2-OC(O)NRdRe、-X2-NRdS(O)2NRdRe、-X2-S(O)2Rd、-X2-S(O)2NRdRe、-X2-NO2、-X2-N3和–X2-CN;其中Rd和Re各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基,任选地,Rd和Re在与同一氮原子连接时合起来形成3-至6-元杂环,所述3-至6-元杂环包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子;Rf选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基;以及X2选自C1-4亚烷基、C2-4亚烯基和C2-4亚炔基。
在另一个实施方案中,在式I或I-A化合物中,R1选自环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、氮杂环丁烷-1-基、氮杂环丁烷-2-基、氮杂环丁烷-3-基、吡咯烷-1-基、吡咯烷-2-基、吡咯烷-3-基、哌啶-1-基、哌啶-2-基、哌啶-3-基、哌啶-4-基、氧杂环丁烷-2-基、氧杂环丁烷-3-基、四氢呋喃-2-基、四氢呋喃-3-基、四氢吡喃-2-基、四氢吡喃-3-基和四氢吡喃-4-基、氧杂环庚烷-2-基、氧杂环庚烷-3-基、氧杂环庚烷-4-基、苯基、吡咯-2-基、吡咯-3-基、吡唑-3-基、吡唑-4-基、吡唑-5-基、呋喃-2-基、呋喃-3-基、噻吩-2-基、噻吩-3-基、噻唑-2-基、噻唑-3-基、噻唑-4-基、咪唑-1-基、咪唑-4-基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、嘧啶-1-基、嘧啶-2-基、嘧啶-3-基、吡嗪-2-基、哒嗪-2-基、哒嗪-3-基和三嗪-2-基,其中R1取代有0-3个RR1取代基;以及R2选自氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6杂烷基并取代有0-3个RR2取代基。在该实施方案的某些方面,R1选自:
在另一个实施方案中,在式I或I-A化合物中,R1选自:
在另一个实施方案中,在式I或I-A化合物中,R2选自氢、
在该实施方案的某些方面,R2选自氢、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、环丙基甲基和甲氧基乙基,具体地,R2为甲基或乙基。
在另一个实施方案中,式I化合物选自表1。
表1
化合物的合成
如以下实施例部分所示,本领域技术人员可使用多种合成途径来制备本发明化合物和用于制备所述化合物的相关中间体。以下方案示出了制备本发明化合物和关键中间体的一般方法。除非另作说明,以下方案中的缩写具有以下含义:R=烷基或者另外的非干扰性基团,LG=离去基团(例如卤化物、甲苯磺酸酯基团),Cyc=碳环或者杂环,H(Ar)=芳基或者杂芳基环,LDA=二异丙基氨基锂,THF=四氢呋喃,X=O、NP、CH2、CHR、CRR,P=保护基(例如BOC),且n=1至6。
方案1示例说明了针对合成用于制备式I的化合物的2-氯嘌呤中间体的一般合成方法。通过例如使用R-LG进行烷基化来进行二氯嘌呤(i)的N-9氮原子的取代,接着将C-6氯基团用吗啉代或者另外的氨基置换,得到C-6氨基取代的化合物iii。通过首先将化合物iii进行卤化来进行化合物iii的C-8位的取代,得到中间体化合物iv。随后将化合物iv用硼酸芳基酯、硼酸杂芳基酯、硼酸环烷基酯或者硼酸杂环烷基酯进行钯介导的交叉偶联(例如Suzuki偶联)得到C-8取代产物中间体(即化合物v-a或者v-b)。可替换地,将化合物iii使用强碱进行脱保护,接着将所得的阴离子用亲电子试剂诸如环状酮进行淬灭得到另外的C-8取代产物中间体,例如化合物vi。可使用氟化剂诸如二乙基氨基三氟化硫(DAST)来完成将化合物vi的羟基官能团转化为氟基团(如在化合物vii中)。
方案1
方案2示例说明了制备其中嘌呤的N-9位和C-8位的取代顺序相反的本发明中间体化合物的一般方法。首先,将二氯嘌呤(i)的N-9氮原子用THP保护基在酸性条件下进行保护得到化合物viii。将C-6氯基团用吗啉代或者另外的氨基进行置换得到C-6氨基取代的(例如吗啉代取代的)产物ix。通过将化合物ix进行脱质子化来将C-8位进行烷基化,接着用亲电子试剂进行淬灭得到化合物x。将化合物x用硼酸芳基酯试剂进行钯介导的交叉偶联(例如Suzuki偶联)得到芳基化产物xi。在酸性条件下除去N-9保护基,接着取代(例如使用R-LG进行烷基化)所得的N-9脱保护的产物xii得到化合物xiii。化合物xiii的硝基进行氢化得到氨基中间体xiv,其可使用本申请实施例部分进一步所述的方法进一步修饰为式I的化合物。
方案2
方案3示例说明了修饰嘌呤中间体的C-2位以得到本发明化合物的一般方法。如在方案3-A中显示,使用氯化合物xv和苯基脲-硼酸酯化合物进行钯交叉偶联反应得到脲化合物xvi。如在方案3-B中显示,氢化化合物xvii,接着将氨基化合物xviii用三光气进行酰化,且使所得的氨基甲酰基化合物与胺反应,提供了用于制备具有苯基脲基团的式I的化合物的替代方法。方案3-C示例说明了使用芳基氯交叉偶联试剂进行钯介导的交叉偶联反应(Buchwald-Hartwig偶联)得到式I的化合物。
方案3
药物组合物
除上述一种或多种化合物(或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物或药用盐或前药)外,用于调节人和动物中mTOR活性的组合物通常含有药用载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。
本申请使用的术语"组合物"意在包括包含指定量的指定成分的产物及由指定量的指定成分的组合直接或间接得到的任意产物。术语"药用"是指载体、稀释剂或赋形剂必须与制剂中其它成分相容且对接受者并非有毒的。
为了使用本发明化合物用于对哺乳动物(包括人类)进行治疗性处置(包括预防性处置),通常根据标准制药实践将其配制为药物组合物。本发明该方面提供了药物组合物,其包含本发明化合物及结合有药用稀释剂、载体或赋形剂。
典型的制剂通过将本发明化合物与载体、稀释剂或赋形剂混合来制备。合适的载体、稀释剂和赋形剂是本领域技术人员公知的且包括以下物质:如碳水化合物、蜡、水溶性聚合物和/或可溶胀聚合物(swellable polymer)、亲水性物质或疏水性物质、明胶、油、溶剂、水等。所用的具体载体、稀释剂或赋形剂将取决于应用本发明化合物的方式和目的。通常基于本领域技术人员认为给予哺乳动物是安全的溶剂(GRAS)来选择溶剂。通常,安全溶剂为无毒性含水溶剂如水和可在水中溶解或与水混溶的其它无毒性溶剂。合适的含水溶剂包括水、乙醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇(例如PEG 400、PEG 300)等及它们的混合物。所述制剂还可包含一种或多种缓冲剂、稳定剂、表面活性剂、润湿剂、润滑剂、乳化剂、助悬剂、防腐剂、抗氧化剂、遮光剂(opaquing agent)、助流剂(glidants)、加工助剂(processing aid)、着色剂、增甜剂、芳香剂、矫味剂和提供药物(即本发明化合物或其药物组合物)优质外观或辅助药物产品(即药品)制造的其它已知添加剂。
制剂可使用常规溶解和混合操作来制备。例如,将松散的(bulk)药物物质(即本发明化合物或所述化合物的经稳定形式(例如与环糊精衍生物或其它已知复合剂(complexation agent)结合在一起的复合物))在一种或多种上述赋形剂存在下溶于合适的溶剂中。通常将本发明化合物配制成药物剂型以提供可容易控制的药物剂量且使患者对所开处的方案具有顺从性。
取决于用于给药药物的方法,应用的药物组合物(或制剂)可用多种方式来包装。一般地,用于分配的制品包括容器,所述容器已在其中放置有合适形式的药物制剂。合适的容器是本领域技术人员公知的且包括以下容器:如瓶(塑料瓶和玻璃瓶)、小袋(sachet)、安瓿、塑料袋、金属圆筒(metal cylinders)等。所述容器还可包括防止轻率接触包装内含物的防干扰包装(tamper-proofassemblage)。另外,所述容器已在其上设置有描述容器内含物的标签。所述标签还可包括合适的注意事项。
为用于多种给药途径和类型,可制备本发明化合物的药物制剂。例如,具有所期望纯度的本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)可任选与药用稀释剂、载体、赋形剂或稳定剂混合(参见Remington:The Science and Practice ofPharmacy:Remington the Science and Practice of Pharmacy(2005)21stEdition,Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,Philidelphia,PA),呈冻干制剂、研细粉末剂或含水溶液剂的形式。配制可如下进行:在环境温度在合适的pH及在所期望的纯度与生理学可接受的载体(即在所用剂量和浓度时对接受者是无毒性的载体)混合。所述制剂的pH主要取决于具体的用途和化合物的浓度,但范围可以是约3至约8。在乙酸盐缓冲液中的pH为5的制剂是合适的实施方案。
用于本申请的本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)优选是无菌的。具体地,用于体内给药的制剂必须是无菌的。这样的灭菌可容易地通过经过无菌滤膜过滤来实现。
本发明化合物通常可按固体组合物、冻干制剂或水溶液剂的形式贮存。
本发明药物组合物将按照这样一种方式即与良好医药实践相一致的量、浓度、时间安排、过程、媒介物和给药途径来配制、确定剂量和给药。在此背景下考虑的因素包括所治疗的具体障碍、所治疗的具体哺乳动物、个体患者的临床情况、病因、药剂的递送位点、给药的方法、给药的时间安排和医药实践者已知的其它因素。待给药的所述化合物的“治疗有效量”将取决于所考虑的这些因素且是预防、改善或治疗凝血因子所介导的障碍所需要的最小量。所述量优选低于对宿主具有毒性或使得宿主显著更易于出血的量。
作为一般建议,肠胃外给药的本发明抑制剂化合物的最初药物有效量在每剂中可以是约0.01-100mg/kg,即约0.1至20mg/kg患者体重/日,其中所使用的化合物的典型最初范围为0.3至15mg/kg/日。
可接受的稀释剂、载体、赋形剂和稳定剂在所用的剂量和浓度时对接受者是无毒性的且包括缓冲剂,如磷酸盐、枸橼酸盐及其它有机酸;抗氧化剂,包括抗坏血酸和蛋氨酸(methionine);防腐剂(如十八烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵;氯化六甲双铵(hexamethonium chloride);苯扎氯铵、苄索氯铵;苯酚、丁醇或苄醇;尼泊金烷基酯,如尼泊金甲酯或尼泊金丙酯;儿茶酚;间苯二酚(resorcinol);环己醇;3-戊醇;和间甲酚);低分子量(少于约10个残基)多肽;蛋白质,如血清白蛋白、明胶或免疫球蛋白;亲水性聚合物,如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮;氨基酸,如甘氨酸、谷氨酰胺、天冬酰胺、组氨酸、精氨酸或赖氨酸;单糖、二糖及其它碳水化合物,包括葡萄糖、甘露糖或糊精;螯合剂,如EDTA;糖,如蔗糖、甘露醇、海藻糖或山梨醇;形成盐的抗衡离子,如钠;金属复合物(例如Zn-蛋白质复合物);和/或非离子型表面活性剂,如TWEENTM、PLURONICSTM或聚乙二醇(PEG)。本发明活性药物成分(例如式I的化合物)还可包埋在例如通过凝聚技术或通过界面聚合而制备的微胶囊中,例如在胶体药物递送系统(例如脂质体、白蛋白微球、微乳、纳米粒和纳米囊)中或在巨乳液(macroemulsion)中分别为羟甲基纤维素或明胶微胶囊和聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)微胶囊。这样的技术披露在Remington:The Scienceand Practice of Pharmacy:Remington the Science and Practice of Pharmacy(2005)21st Edition,Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,Philidelphia,PA中。
可制备本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)的持续释放制剂。持续释放制剂的合适实例包括固态疏水性聚合物的半透性基质,其含有I的化合物,所述基质以成形制品的形式(例如膜或微胶囊)存在。持续释放基质的实例包括聚酯、水凝胶(例如聚(甲基丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯)或聚(乙烯醇))、聚丙交酯(美国专利3,773,919)、L-谷氨酸和γ-乙基-L-谷氨酸的共聚物、不可降解的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯、可降解的乳酸-羟乙酸共聚物如LUPRON DEPOTTM(由乳酸-羟乙酸共聚物和醋酸亮丙瑞林构成的可注射微球)和聚D-(-)-3-羟基丁酸。
所述制剂包括适于本申请详述的给药途径的那些制剂。所述制剂可适宜地以单位剂量形式存在并可通过药学领域公知的任意方法来制备。技术和制剂通常参见Remington:The Science and Practice of Pharmacy:Remington theScience and Practice of Pharmacy(2005)21st Edition,Lippincott Williams &Wilkins,Philidelphia,PA。所述方法包括使活性成分与构成一种或多种助剂(accessory ingredient)的载体混合的步骤。所述制剂通常如下制备:使活性成分与液态载体或微细分散的固态载体或与这两种载体均匀和紧密地混合,然后必要时,对产品进行成形。
适于口服给药的本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)的制剂可制备成离散的单位,如各自含有预定量的本发明化合物的丸剂、胶囊剂、扁囊剂或片剂。
压制片可如下制备:在合适的机器中对活性成分进行压制,所述活性成分呈自由流动的形式,如粉末或颗粒,其任选混合有粘合剂、润滑剂、惰性稀释剂、防腐剂、表面活性剂或分散剂。模制片可如下制备:在合适的机器中对用惰性液态稀释剂润湿的粉末状活性成分的混合物进行模制。可任选对片剂进行包衣或压痕并任选进行配制以提供活性成分从所述片剂中的缓慢或控制释放。
可制备片剂、含片、锭剂、水性或油性混悬剂、可分散粉末剂或颗粒剂、乳剂、硬胶囊剂或软胶囊剂例如明胶胶囊、糖浆剂或酏剂,用于口服。预期用于口服的本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)的制剂可根据制备药物组合物领域已知的任意方法来制备且所述组合物可含有一种或多种物质,包括增甜剂、矫味剂、着色剂和防腐剂,以便提供适口的制剂。含有与适于制备片剂的无毒性生理学可接受的赋形剂混合在一起的活性成分的片剂是可接受的。这些赋形剂可以是例如惰性稀释剂,如碳酸钙或碳酸钠、乳糖、磷酸钙或磷酸钠;制粒剂和崩解剂,如玉米淀粉或海藻酸;粘合剂,如淀粉、明胶或阿拉伯胶;及润滑剂,如硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸或滑石。片剂可不包衣或可通过已知技术(包括微胶囊化)来包衣,以延迟在胃肠道中的崩解和吸收,因此提供历时较长时间的持续作用。例如,可使用时间延迟物质,如单独的或与蜡在一起的单硬脂酸甘油酯或二硬脂酸甘油酯。
对于治疗眼或其它外部组织如嘴和皮肤而言,所述制剂优选以局部软膏剂或乳膏剂的形式施用,其含有的一种或多种活性成分的量为例如0.075至20%w/w。当配制成软膏剂时,所述活性成分可与石蜡性或水混溶性软膏基质一起使用。可选择地,所述活性成分可与水包油型乳膏基质一起配制成乳膏剂。
当需要时,乳膏基质的水相可包括多元醇,即具有两个或更多个羟基的醇,如丙二醇、丁-1,3-二醇、甘露醇、山梨醇、甘油和聚乙二醇(包括PEG 400)及它们的混合物。局部制剂可预期包括促进活性成分通过皮肤或其它作用区域吸收或渗透的化合物。所述皮肤渗透促进剂的实例包括二甲基亚砜和相关类似物。
本发明乳剂的油相可由已知成分以已知方式构成。尽管所述相可仅包含乳化剂,但期望其包含至少一种乳化剂与脂肪或油或与脂肪和油两者的混合物。优选地,亲水性乳化剂与作为稳定剂的亲脂性乳化剂包括在一起。还优选的是包括油和脂肪两者。含有或不含有一种或多种稳定剂的一种或多种乳化剂一起构成了所谓的乳化蜡且所述蜡与油和脂肪一起构成了形成软膏制剂的油性分散相的所谓的乳化软膏基质。适用于本发明制剂的乳化剂和乳剂稳定剂包括 十八烷基醇/十六烷基醇、苄醇、肉豆蔻醇、单硬脂酸甘油酯和月桂基硫酸钠。
本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)的水性混悬剂含有与适于制备水性混悬剂的赋形剂混合在一起的活性物质。所述赋形剂包括助悬剂,如羧甲基纤维素钠、交联羧甲基纤维素、聚维酮、甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、海藻酸钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、西黄蓍胶和阿拉伯胶;及分散剂或润湿剂,如天然存在的磷脂(例如卵磷脂)、烯化氧与脂肪酸的缩合产物(例如聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯)、氧化乙烯与长链脂肪醇的缩合产物(例如十七亚乙氧基十六烷基醇)、氧化乙烯与从脂肪酸和己糖醇酐衍生的偏酯的缩合产物(例如聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单油酸酯)。所述水性混悬剂还可含有一种或多种防腐剂如对羟基苯甲酸乙酯或对羟基苯甲酸正丙酯、一种或多种着色剂、一种或多种矫味剂和一种或多种增甜剂如蔗糖或糖精。
本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)的药物组合物可呈无菌可注射制剂如无菌可注射水性或油性混悬剂的形式。所述混悬剂可根据本领域已知方法使用上文已提及的那些合适的分散剂或润湿剂和助悬剂来配制。无菌可注射制剂还可以是在无毒性的肠胃外可接受的稀释剂或溶剂中的无菌可注射溶液剂或混悬剂,如在1,3-丁二醇中的溶液剂,或制备成冻干粉末剂。可使用的可接受媒介物和溶剂包括水、林格溶液(Ringer’s solution)和等渗氯化钠溶液。另外,无菌不挥发油通常可用作溶剂或助悬介质。出于此目的,可使用任意温和的不挥发油,包括合成的甘油一酯或甘油二酯。另外,脂肪酸如油酸同样可用于制备注射剂。
可与载体物质组合以制备单一剂量形式的活性成分的量将取决于所治疗的宿主和具体的给药模式而变化。例如,意在用于口服给药至人类的定时释放制剂可含有约1至1000mg活性物质及混合有合适和适宜量的载体物质,所述载体物质可占总组合物的约5至约95%(重量:重量)。可制备所述药物组合物以提供可容易测量的给药量。例如,意在用于静脉内输注的水性溶液剂在每毫升溶液中可含有约3至500μg活性成分,从而可出现速率为约30mL/hr的合适体积的输注。
适于肠胃外给药的制剂包括水性和非水性无菌注射溶液剂,其可含有抗氧化剂、缓冲剂、抑菌剂和使得所述制剂与所预期受体的血液等渗的溶质;及水性和非水性无菌混悬剂,其可包括助悬剂和增稠剂。
适于局部给药至眼的制剂还包括滴眼剂,其中将活性成分溶于或混悬于合适的载体(尤其是用于活性成分的含水溶剂)中。存在于所述制剂中的活性成分的浓度优选为约0.5至20%w/w,例如约0.5至10%w/w,例如约1.5%w/w。
适于在口中局部给药的制剂包括糖锭,其含有处于矫味基质(通常是蔗糖和阿拉伯胶或西黄蓍胶)中的活性成分;锭剂,其含有处于惰性基质(如明胶和甘油,或蔗糖和阿拉伯胶)中的活性成分;及口腔清洗剂,其包含处于合适液态载体中的活性成分。
适于直肠给药的制剂可按含有合适基质(其包含例如可可脂或水杨酸酯)的栓剂的形式存在。
适于肺内或经鼻给药的制剂具有例如范围为0.1至500微米的粒度(包括范围为0.1至500微米的、增量微米数为例如0.5、1、30、35微米等的粒度),其通过经鼻道快速吸入来给药或通过经口吸入来给药,以便到达肺泡囊(alveolar sacs)。合适的制剂包括活性成分的水性或油性溶液剂。适于气雾给药或干粉给药的制剂可根据常规方法来制备并可与其它治疗药物(如迄今用于预防或治疗下文所述病症的化合物)一起递送。
适于阴道给药的制剂可按阴道栓剂、棉塞、乳膏剂、凝胶剂、糊剂、泡沫剂或喷雾剂的形式存在,这些制剂除活性成分外还含有本领域已知是合适的载体。
所述制剂可包装在单位剂量容器或多剂量容器例如密封的安瓿或小瓶中且可在冷冻干燥(冻干)条件下贮存,仅需要恰在使用前加入无菌液态载体例如水用于注射。即用型注射溶液剂和混悬剂从前述种类的无菌粉末剂、颗粒剂和片剂来制备。优选的单位剂量制剂是含有本申请上文所述的日剂量或单位日亚剂量或其合适分数的活性成分的那些制剂。
本发明还提供了兽用组合物,因此其含有上文定义的至少一种活性成分(例如式I的化合物)及兽用载体。兽用载体是可用于给药所述组合物这一目的物质并可以是固态、液态或气态物质,这些物质在兽医领域中要么是惰性的要么是可接受的且与所述活性成分是相容的。这些兽用组合可通过肠胃外、口服或任意其它期望的途径来给药。
方法
在另一方面,本发明提供本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物或药用盐或前药,其用于抑制mTOR激酶的活性。在一个实施方案中,本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物或药用盐或前药抑制mTORC1和mTORC2的活性。在另一实施方案中,本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物或药用盐或前药,用于抑制mTORC1的活性。在另一实施方案中,本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物或药用盐或前药,用于抑制mTORC2的活性。在一些实施方案中,式I的化合物选择性抑制mTORC1的活性优于抑制mTORC2的活性达1x、2x、3x、4x、5x、6x、7x、8x、9x、10x、11x、12x、13x、14x、15x、16x、17x、18x、19x、20x、25x、30x、40x、50x、60x、70x、80x、90x、100x、200x、300x、400x、500x、600x、700x、800x、900x或者1000x。在一些其它实施方案中,式I的化合物选择性抑制mTORC2的活性优于抑制mTORC1的活性达1x、2x、3x、4x、5x、6x、7x、8x、9x、10x、11x、12x、13x、14x、15x、16x、17x、18x、19x、20x、25x、30x、40x、50x、60x、70x、80x、90x、100x、200x、300x、400x、500x、600x、700x、800x、900x或者1000x。在一些实施方案中,本发明化合物选择性抑制mTORC1和/或者mTORC2的活性优于抑制相关PI3脂质激酶的活性。在一些实施方案中,式I的化合物选择性抑制mTOR激酶(例如mTORC1、mTORC2)的活性优于抑制PI3K脂质激酶的活性达1x、2x、3x、4x、5x、6x、7x、8x、9x、10x、11x、12x、13x、14x、15x、16x、17x、18x、19x、20x、25x、30x、40x、50x、60x、70x、80x、90x、100x、200x、300x、400x、500x、600x、700x、800x、900x或者1000x。
在上述各实施方案中,在一个具体方面,本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物或药用盐或前药被配制成药物组合物。
本发明还提供抑制细胞中mTOR活性的方法,所述方法包括使所述细胞接触有效量的本发明活性化合物(例如式I的化合物)或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物或药用盐或前药。本发明还提供抑制细胞增殖的方法,所述方法包括使所述细胞接触式I的化合物或其亚类。所述方法可在体内或体外进行。
本发明化合物或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物或药用盐或前药可用于治疗以下疾病、病症和/或障碍,包括但不限于以PIKK激酶,例如mTOR激酶的过度表达为特征的那些。因此,本发明另一方面包括治疗可通过抑制mTOR激酶而治疗的疾病和病症的方法。在一个实施方案中,所述方法包括对有此需要的哺乳动物给药治疗有效量的本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物或药用盐或前药。在上述实施方案中,在一个具体方面,本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物或药用盐或前药被配制成药物组合物。
本发明化合物可通过任意对待治疗病症合适的途径来给药。合适的途径包括口服、肠胃外(包括皮下、肌内、静脉内、动脉内、皮内、鞘内和硬膜外)、经皮、直肠、经鼻、局部(包括含服和舌下)、阴道、腹膜内、肺内和鼻内。对于局部免疫抑制性治疗而言,所述化合物可通过病灶内给药(包括灌注或在移植前使移植物与抑制剂接触)来给药。应该理解的是,优选的途径可随例如受体的情况而变化。当所述化合物口服给药时,可将其与药用载体或赋形剂一起配制成丸剂、胶囊剂、片剂等。当所述化合物肠胃外给药时,如下文详述可将其与药用肠胃外媒介物一起配制且配制成单位剂量可注射形式。
治疗哺乳动物(例如人类)的剂量可以是约10mg至约1000mg的式I化合物。典型的剂量可以是约100mg至约300mg的所述化合物。剂量可每日给药一次(QID)、每日给药两次(BID)或更频繁地给药,这取决于具体化合物的药物代谢动力学性质和药效学性质,包括具体化合物的吸收、分布、代谢和排泄。另外,毒性因素可影响剂量和给药方案。当口服给药时,丸剂、胶囊剂或片剂可每日服用,或频率更低地每隔一段特定时间来服用。所述方案可重复多个治疗周期。
根据本发明方法可治疗的患者的疾病和病症包括但不限于癌症、中风、糖尿病、肝大、心血管疾病、阿尔兹海默病、囊性纤维化病、病毒疾病、自身免疫性疾病、动脉粥样硬化、再狭窄、牛皮癣、变态反应性疾病、炎症性疾病、神经障碍、激素相关疾病、与器官移植相关的病症、免疫缺陷性病症、破坏性骨疾病、增殖性病症、感染性疾病、与细胞死亡相关的病症、凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集、慢性髓细胞性白血病(CML)、肝病、普-杰二氏综合征(Peutz-Jegher syndrome)、结节性硬化症、涉及T细胞活化的病理性免疫病症和CNS病症,以及衰老。在一个实施方案中,用本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)和药用载体、辅料或媒介物来治疗人类患者,其中本发明化合物以可可检测地抑制mTOR激酶活性的量存在。
根据本发明方法可治疗的癌症包括但不限于乳腺癌、卵巢癌、宫颈癌、前列腺癌、睾丸癌、生殖泌尿道(genitourinary tract)癌、食管癌、喉(larynx)癌、成胶质细胞瘤、成神经细胞瘤(neuroblastoma)、胃癌、皮肤癌、角化棘皮瘤(keratoacanthoma)、肺癌、表皮样癌(epidermoid carcinoma)、大细胞癌(large cell carcinoma)、非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)、小细胞癌(small cellcarcinoma)、肺腺癌(lung adenocarcinoma)、骨癌、结肠癌、腺瘤(adenoma)、胰腺癌、腺癌(adenocarcinoma)、甲状腺癌、滤泡性癌(follicular carcinoma)、未分化癌(undifferentiated carcinoma)、乳头状癌、精原细胞瘤(seminoma)、黑素瘤、肉瘤、膀胱癌、肝癌(liver carcinoma)和胆道癌、肾癌(kidney carcinoma)、骨髓性障碍(myeloid disorder)、淋巴性障碍(lymphoid disorder)、毛细胞癌、口腔癌和咽(口部)癌、唇癌、舌癌、嘴(mouth)癌、咽癌、小肠癌、结肠直肠癌、大肠癌、直肠癌、脑癌和中枢神经系统癌及霍奇金病(Hodgkin’s)和白血病。在一些实施方案中,本发明化合物用于治疗选自下述的癌症:乳腺癌、非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)、小细胞癌、肝癌、淋巴性障碍、肉瘤、结肠直肠癌、直肠癌和白血病。
根据本发明方法可治疗的心血管疾病包括但不限于再狭窄、心脏肥大、动脉粥样硬化、心肌梗塞和充血性心力衰竭。
根据本发明方法可治疗的神经变性疾病包括但不限于阿尔兹海默病、帕金森病、肌萎缩性侧索硬化(amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)、亨廷顿病和脑缺血及由创伤性损伤、谷氨酸神经毒性和缺氧引起的神经变性疾病。
根据本发明方法可治疗的炎症性疾病包括但不限于类风湿性关节炎、牛皮癣、接触性皮炎和迟发型超敏反应。
本发明另一方面提供本发明化合物或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物或药用盐或前药,用于在患有本申请描述的疾病或病症的哺乳动物(例如人类)中治疗所述疾病或病症。本申请也提供了本发明化合物或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物或药用盐或前药在制备用于在患有本申请描述的疾病或病症的哺乳动物(例如人类)中治疗所述疾病或病症的药物中的用途。
在一个实施方案中,本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物或药用盐或前药用作抗癌剂或用作癌症的联合治疗中的辅助剂。本领域的普通技术人员将可确定是否单独或联合采用候选化合物来治疗任意具体细胞类型的癌病症。在该实施方案的一些方面,本发明化合物与其它治疗(包括常规手术、放射治疗和化学治疗)一起用于治疗癌症。所述化学治疗可包括但不限于本申请所述的一种或多种化学治疗药物。
联合治疗可按同时(simultaneous)方案或先后(sequential)方案的形式来给药。当先后给药时,所述组合可在两次或更多次给药中来给药。联合给药包括使用分开的制剂或单一的药物制剂来同时给药,和以任一顺序相继给药,其中优选的是两种(或所有)活性药物在一段时间内同时发挥它们的生物活性。
任意上述同时给药的药物的合适剂量是目前所用的那些剂量且由于新鉴定的药物及其它化学治疗药物或治疗的联合作用(协同作用),所述剂量可降低。
联合治疗可提供“协同作用(synergy)”及证实是“具有协同作用的(synergistic)”,即当活性成分一起使用时实现的作用大于分别使用这些化合物所得作用的总和。当活性成分(1)在所组合的单位剂量制剂中同时配制及同时给药或递送;(2)以分开制剂的形式交替或平行递送;或(3)通过一些其它方案给药时,可达到协同作用。当在交替治疗中递送时,当化合物例如通过在分开注射器中的不同注射剂、分开的丸剂或胶囊剂或分开的输注剂来先后给药或递送时,可得到协同作用。通常,在交替治疗期间,将有效剂量的各种活性成分先后(即顺次)给药,而在联合治疗中,将有效剂量的两种或更多种活性成分一起给药。
实施例
这些实施例不是意在限制本发明范围,而是向本领域技术人员提供指导以制备和使用本发明化合物、组合物和方法。尽管描述了具体的本发明实施方案,但本领域技术人员将认识到的是,可在不偏离本发明主旨和范围的情况下进行各种修改和变化。
可容易地对所述实施例中的化学反应进行调整以制备本发明多种其它mTOR抑制剂且制备本发明化合物的可选方法被认为在本发明范围内。例如,本发明非实施例化合物可通过对于本领域技术人员是显而易见的变化形式来成功地合成,例如通过对干扰基团进行合适的保护,通过使用本领域已知的其它合适试剂而非所描述的那些试剂,和/或通过对反应条件进行常规变化。可替换地,本申请披露的或本领域已知的其它反应将被认识到可用于制备本发明其它化合物。因此,所提供的以下实施例用于说明本发明而非限制本发明。
在以下描述的实施例中,除非另有说明,所有温度以摄氏度给出。除非另有说明,试剂购自商业供应商例如Aldrich Chemical Company、Lancaster、TCI或Maybridge且不经进一步纯化就使用。下述反应通常在氮气正压或氩气正压下或在使用干燥管的情况下(除非另有说明)在无水溶剂中进行且反应烧瓶通常配备有用于经由注射器而加入底物和试剂的橡胶隔片。对玻璃器皿进行烘干和/或加热干燥。柱色谱在具有硅胶柱的Biotage系统(制造商为Dyax Corporation)上或在硅胶柱(Waters)上进行;或可选择地,柱色谱在具有硅胶柱的ISCO色谱系统(制造商为Teledyne ISCO)上进行。1HNMR光谱在以400MHz运行的Varian仪器上记录。1H NMR光谱在氘代CDCl3、d6-DMSO、CH3OD或d6-丙酮溶液中得到(以ppm报道),其中使用氯仿作为参考标准品(7.25ppm)。当报道峰多重性时,使用以下缩写:s(单峰)、d(二重峰)、t(三重峰)、m(多重峰)、br(宽峰)、dd(双二重峰)、dt(双三重峰)。偶合常数,当给出时,以赫兹(Hz)报道。
当可行时,反应混合物中的产物形成通过LC/MS来监测。使用一种或多种以下方法来进行用于确定保留时间(RT)和相关质量离子的高效液相色谱-质谱(LCMS)试验。方法A:在与Shimadzu LC-10AD LC系统连接的具有二极管阵列检测器和225位自动采样器的PE Sciex API 150EX四极质谱计(使用Kromasil C1850x 4.6mm柱和3ml/分钟的流速)上进行试验。溶剂系统具有以下梯度:起始于含有0.05%TFA的100%水(溶剂A)和含有0.0375%TFA的0%乙腈(溶剂B),骤变为10%溶剂A和90%溶剂B,历时4分钟。最终溶剂系统保持恒定达0.50分钟。方法B:在与Agilent Technologies Series1200LC系统连接的具有二极管阵列检测器的Agilent Technologies液相色谱质谱计(使用Zorbax 1.8微米SB-C1830x 2.1mm柱,1.5ml/分钟的流速)上进行试验。方法B1:初始溶剂系统为含有0.05%三氟乙酸的95%水(溶剂A)和含有0.05%三氟乙酸的5%乙腈(溶剂B),接着梯度变为5%溶剂A和95%溶剂B,历时1.5分钟。最终溶剂系统保持恒定达1分钟。方法B2:初始溶剂系统为含有0.05%三氟乙酸的95%水(溶剂A)和含有0.05%三氟乙酸的5%乙腈(溶剂B),接着梯度变为5%溶剂A和95%溶剂B,历时3.0分钟。最终溶剂系统保持恒定达1分钟。方法C:在与Agilent Technologies Series 1200LC系统连接的具有二极管阵列检测器的Agilent Technologies液相色谱质谱计(使用Zorbax 1.8微米SB-C1830x 2.1mm柱,0.6ml/分钟的流速)上进行试验。初始溶剂系统为含有0.05%三氟乙酸的95%水(溶剂A)和含有0.05%三氟乙酸的5%乙腈(溶剂B),接着梯度变为5%溶剂A和95%溶剂B,历时9.0分钟。最终溶剂系统保持恒定达1分钟。在反应混合物中形成的产物可通过反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)使用下述条件来纯化:反相HPLC在Gemini-NX柱(100x30mm,10微米)上进行;5-85%ACN,历时10分钟梯度,0.1%FA或者0.1%NH4OH,60ml/min,254nm,;或者在Zymor Pegasus柱(150x21.2mm,5微米)上进行;5-60%甲醇,70ml/min,254nm。
用于描述所用试剂、反应条件或装置的所有缩写与Journal of OrganicChemistry(美国化学会期刊)每年出版的"List of standard abbreviations andacronyms"中列出的定义一致。本发明具体化合物的化学命名使用结构命名特性ChemBioDraw版本11.0或者Accelrys’Pipeline Pilot IUPAC化合物命名程序来获得。
实施例1
合成(S)-4-(2-氯-8-环丙基-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉(a-1):
步骤1:制备2,6-二氯-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤和2,6-二氯-7-甲基-7H-嘌呤(a-2):
向2,6-二氯嘌呤(1.10g,5.82mmol)在无水THF(5.0mL)中的溶液加入四正丁基氟化铵(0.58mL,10.58mmol,1.8当量;1M,在THF中)。加入甲基碘(0.40mL,6.42mmol,1.1当量),并将反应混合物在氮气下于室温搅拌30分钟。然后用乙酸乙酯(250mL)稀释反应混合物。将有机层用硫代硫酸钠饱和水溶液、水和盐水洗涤,然后干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并真空蒸发。所得残留物通过柱色谱法纯化(Si-PPC,5-100%乙酸乙酯/己烷的梯度),得到2,6-二氯-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤(a-2),为白色固体(780mg,66%),接着为0-30%甲醇/乙酸乙酯的梯度,得到2,6-二氯-7-甲基-7H-嘌呤(a-3),为白色固体(346mg,29.3%)。2,6-二氯-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤的1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δppm8.75(s,1H),3.83(s,3H)。2,6-二氯-7-甲基-7H-嘌呤的1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δppm 8.80(s,1H),4.09(s,3H)。
步骤2:制备(S)-4-(2-氯-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉(a-4):
向2,6-二氯-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤(1.41g,6.96mmol)和(S)-3-甲基吗啉(817mg,8.08mmol,1.16当量)在无水乙醇(60mL)和无水DMF(5.0mL)中的搅拌的溶液加入N,N-二异丙基乙基胺(1.8mL,10.43mmol,1.5当量),并将反应混合物在氮气下于室温搅拌3天。用1:1v/v乙醚:乙酸乙酯稀释反应混合物。将有机层用碳酸氢钠饱和水溶液、水和盐水洗涤,然后干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并真空蒸发。所得残留物通过柱色谱法纯化(Si-PPC,0-80%乙酸乙酯/己烷的梯度),得到希望的化合物(a-4),为固体(1.59g,85.2%)。1H NMR(CDCl3,500MHz)δppm 7.65(s,1H),5.34(宽二重峰,2H),3.99(m,1),3.76(m,5H),3.61(ddd,1H),3.36(宽单峰,1H),1.39(d,3H).
步骤3:制备(S)-4-(2-氯-8-碘-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基-吗啉(a-5):
在氮气下于-78°C,向(S)-4-(2-氯-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉(750.0mg,2.80mmol)在无水THF(16mL)中的溶液加入新鲜制备的二异丙基氨基锂在THF(2.0当量)中的溶液。在-78°C搅拌所得深红色反应混合物。在1小时后,加入一氯化碘于二氯甲烷中的溶液(4.2mL,4.2mmol,1.0M,1.5当量)并在室温搅拌16小时。用硫代硫酸钠饱和水溶液淬灭反应混合物。然后真空蒸发挥发性溶剂,并用乙酸乙酯稀释粗产物。将有机层用碳酸氢钠饱和水溶液、水和盐水洗涤,然后干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并真空蒸发。所得残留物通过柱色谱法纯化(Si-PPC,0-100%乙酸乙酯/己烷的梯度),得到希望的化合物,为固体(446.4mg,40.5%)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 5.28(宽单峰,2H),3.99(m,1H),3.75(m,2H),3.67(s,3H),3.59(m,1H),3.49(宽单峰,1H),1.38(d,3H);LC-MS m/z(方法A)=394/396[M+H]+,RT=1.92分钟
步骤4:制备(S)-4-(2-氯-8-环丙基-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基-吗啉(a-1):
在高压容器中加入(S)-4-(2-氯-8-碘-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉(78.2mg,0.20mmol)、环丙基硼酸(25.8mg,0.30mmol,1.5当量)、磷酸钾(127.4mg,0.60mmol,3.0当量)、[1,1’-二-(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]二氯化钯(II)与二氯甲烷的络合物(1:1)(4.9mg,0.006mmol,0.03当量)和1,4-二噁烷(1.0mL)。将反应混合物脱气15分钟。紧紧密封容器管,并在100°C搅拌反应混合物。在18小时后,将反应混合物冷却至室温并用乙酸乙酯稀释。将有机层用水和盐水洗涤,然后干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并真空蒸发。所得残留物通过柱色谱法纯化(Si-PPC,0-80%乙酸乙酯/己烷的梯度),得到希望的化合物,为泡沫状物(43.7mg,71%)。TLC(40%乙酸乙酯/己烷),Rf=0.41;LC-MSm/z(方法B2)=308[M+H]+,RT=1.94分钟
实施例2
合成(S)-4-(2-氯-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)四氢-2H-吡喃-4-醇(b-1):
在氮气下于-78°C,向(S)-4-(2-氯-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉(100.0mg,0.374mmol)在无水THF(4.0mL)中的溶液加入新鲜制备的二异丙基氨基锂在THF(2.0当量)中的溶液,并在-78°C搅拌反应混合物。在搅拌2小时后,加入四氢-4H-吡喃-4-酮(68.6μL,0.75mmol,2.0当量)。然后将反应混合物在室温搅拌16小时,并用氯化钠/氯化铵(sodium ammonium chloride)饱和水溶液淬灭。真空蒸发挥发性溶剂,并用乙酸乙酯稀释粗产物。将有机层用碳酸氢钠饱和水溶液、水和盐水洗涤,然后干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并真空蒸发。所得残留物通过柱色谱法纯化(Si-PPC,5-100%乙酸乙酯/己烷的梯度)。由乙醚-己烷结晶,得到产物(b-1),为固体(111.3mg,81.0%)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 5.3(宽单峰,1H),4.98(宽单峰,1H),4.00(dd,J=3.4Hz,1H),3.97-3.79(m,7H),3.79-3.71(m,2H),3.60(td,J=11.6,2.7Hz,1H),3.45(宽单峰,1H),2.39(m,2H),1.86(d,J=13.2Hz,2H),1.38(d,J=6.8Hz,3H);LC-MS m/z(方法A)=368/370[M+H]+,RT=1.93分钟
实施例3
合成(S)-3-(2-氯-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)-3-羟基氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(c-1):
该化合物(c-1)以类似于(S)-4-(2-氯-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)四氢-2H-吡喃-4-醇的方式,使用3-氧代氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯作为起始物质制备。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)ppm 5.17(宽二重峰,2H),4.56(dd,J=16.9,9.48Hz,2H),4.21(dd,J=9.48。2.56Hz,1H),4.04-3.96(m,1H),3.82-3.71(m,5H),3.59(td,J=11.6,2.6Hz,1H),3.47(宽单峰,1H),2.02(s,1H),1.43(s,9H),1.40-1.36(m,4H);LC-MS(方法A)=439/441[M+H]+,RT=2.56分钟
实施例4
合成(S)-3-(2-氯-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)氧杂环丁烷-3-醇(d-1):
该化合物以类似于(S)-4-(2-氯-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)四氢-2H-吡喃-4-醇的方式,使用3-氧杂环丁烷酮作为起始物质制备。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 5.35(宽单峰,2H),5.15(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),4.96(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),4.00(dd,J=11.2,3Hz,1H),3.84(s,3H),3.81-3.71(m,2H),3.59(td,J=11.6,2.7Hz,1H),3.47(宽单峰,1H),1.39(d,J=6.8Hz,3H);LC-MS m/z(方法B2)=340/342[M+H]+,RT=1.59分钟
实施例5
合成(S)-4-(2-氯-8-(3-氟氧杂环丁烷-3-基)-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉(e-1):
在氮气下于-78°C,向(S)-3-(2-氯-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)氧杂环丁烷-3-醇(127.6mg,0.364mmol)在无水DCM(8.0mL)中的搅拌的溶液加入二乙基氨基三氟化硫(59.5μL,0.436mmol,1.2当量)。历时3小时将反应混合物温热至0°C,在室温搅拌2小时,并用1N氢氧化钠溶液淬灭。用乙酸乙酯稀释反应混合物。分离两相,并将有机层用水和盐水洗涤,然后干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并真空蒸发。所得残留物通过柱色谱法纯化(Si-PPC,0-100%乙酸乙酯/己烷的梯度),得到产物,为泡沫状物(79.6mg,62.0%)。1HNMR(CDCl3,500MHz)δppm 6.10-4.40(宽单峰,2H),5.30-5.19(m,2H),5.10(dd,J=20.7,7.8Hz,2H),4.04-3.98(m,1H),3.83-3.73(m,2H),3.68(d,J=1.5Hz,3H),3.61(td,J=11.6,2.8Hz,1H),3.48(宽单峰,1H),1.40(d,J=6.8Hz,3H);LC-MS m/z(方法A)=342[M+H]+,RT=2.36分钟
实施例6
合成(S)-4-(2-氯-8-环丙基-9-乙基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉(f-1):
步骤1:制备2,6-二氯-9-乙基-9H-嘌呤和2,6-二氯-7-乙基-7H-嘌呤(f-2):
所述化合物分别以类似于2,6-二氯-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤和2,6-二氯-7-甲基-7H-嘌呤的方式,用碘乙烷替代碘甲烷制备,得到(f-2)和(f-3)。2,6-二氯-9-乙基-9H-嘌呤(f-2)的1H NMR:(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δppm 8.77(s,1H),4.28(q,2H),1.44(t,3H)。2,6-二氯-7-乙基-7H-嘌呤的1H NMR:(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δppm 8.91(s,1H),4.49(q,2H),1.46(t,3H).
步骤2:制备(S)-4-(2-氯-9-乙基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉(f-4):
所述化合物(f-4)以类似于(S)-4-(2-氯-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉的方式,使用2,6-二氯-9-乙基-9H-嘌呤作为起始物质制备。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 7.71(s,1H),5.41(宽单峰,1H),5.00(宽单峰,1H),4.19(q,J=7.4Hz,2H),4.00(dd,J=7.8,3.6Hz,1H),3.76(m,2H),3.61(td,J=11.6,2.6Hz,1H),3.48(宽单峰,1H),1.48(t,J=7.2Hz,3H),1.41(d,J=6.8Hz,3H);LCMS m/z(方法A)=284[M+H]+,RT=2.06分钟
步骤3:制备(S)-4-(2-氯-9-乙基-8-碘-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基-吗啉(f-5):
在氮气下于-78°C,向(S)-4-(2-氯-9-乙基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉(465.0mg,1.65mmol)在无水THF(6.7mL)中的溶液加入新鲜制备的二异丙基氨基锂在THF(2.0当量)中的溶液。将反应混合物在氮气下于-78°C搅拌2小时,并加入1-氯-2-碘乙烷(1.01g,5.78mmol,3.5当量)。然后将反应混合物在室温搅拌3天,然后用氯化钠/氯化铵饱和水溶液在0°C淬灭。然后真空蒸发挥发性溶剂,并用乙酸乙酯稀释粗产物。将有机层用碳酸氢钠饱和水溶液、水和盐水洗涤,然后干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并真空蒸发。所得残留物通过柱色谱法纯化(Si-PPC,0-100%乙酸乙酯/己烷的梯度),得到希望的化合物,为泡沫状物(610.0mg,90.7%)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 5.28(宽单峰,2H),4.17(q,J=7.4Hz,2H),4.00(dd,J=11.3,3.4Hz,1H),3.75(m,2H),3.59(m,1H),3.48(宽单峰,1H),1.37(m,6H);LC-MS m/z(方法B2)=408[M+H]+,RT=2.06分钟
步骤3:制备(S)-4-(2-氯-8-环丙基-9-乙基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基-吗啉(f-1):
所述化合物(f-1)以类似于(S)-4-(2-氯-8-环丙基-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉的方式,使用(S)-4-(2-氯-9-乙基-8-碘-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉作为起始物质制备。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 5.31(宽单峰,1H),5.00(宽单峰,1H),4.26(q,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.97(dd,J=11.3,3.4Hz,1H),3.74(m,2H),3.58(td,J=12.2,2.7,1H),3.43(宽三重峰,1H),1.92(m,1H),1.41(t,J=7.2Hz,3H),1.34(d,J=6.2Hz,3H),1.12(m,2H),1.06(m,2H);LC-MSm/z(方法A)=322[M+H]+,RT=2.81分钟
实施例7
合成(S)-4-(2-氯-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)四氢-2H-吡喃-4-醇(g-1):
该化合物(g-1)以类似于(S)-4-(2-氯-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)四氢-2H-吡喃-4-醇的方式,使用(S)-4-(2-氯-9-乙基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉作为起始物质制备。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 5.65-4.75(宽二重峰,2H),4.46(q,2H),4.05-3.85(m,5H),3.83-3.73(m,2H),3.62(dt,J=11.6Hz,2.6Hz,1H),3.55-3.39(宽单峰,1H),2.59(s,1H),2.46-2.34(m,2H),1.87(d,J=12.8Hz,2H),1.45(t,J=7.2Hz,3H),1.40(d,J=6.8Hz,3H);LC-MS m/z(方法B2)=382/384[M+H]+,RT=1.79分钟
实施例8
合成(S)-4-(2-氯-9-乙基-8-(4-氟四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉(h-1):
该化合物(h-1)以类似于(S)-4-(2-氯-8-(3-氟氧杂环丁烷-3-基)-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉的方式,使用(S)-4-(2-氯-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)四氢-2H-吡喃-4-醇作为起始物质制备。1H NMR(CDCl3,500MHz)δppm 5.90-4.60(宽单峰,2H),4.37(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),4.02(dd,J=11.4Hz,3.4Hz,1H),3.98-3.86(m,4H),3.78(dt,J=11.7Hz,7.1Hz,2H),3.62(td,J=11.9Hz,2.8Hz,1H),3.48(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),2.55-2.35(m,2H),2.22-2.06(m,2H),1.43(t,J=7.1Hz,3H),1.40(d,J=6.8Hz,3H);LC-MSm/z(方法B2)=384[M+H]+,RT=2.10分钟
实施例9
合成(S)-3-(2-氯-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)氧杂环丁烷-3-醇(i-1):
该化合物(i-j)以类似于(S)-4-(2-氯-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)四氢-2H-吡喃-4-醇的方式,使用3-氧杂环丁烷酮作为起始物质制备。1HNMR(CDCl3,500MHz)δppm 5.70-4.70(宽单峰,2H),5.20(dd,J=12.1Hz,7.2Hz,2H),4.95(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),4.31(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),4.02(dd,J=11.3,3.2Hz,1H),3.78(dt,J=11.7Hz,7.2Hz,2H),3.61(td,J=11.9Hz,2.7Hz,1H),3.47(s,2H),1.46(t,J=7.2Hz,3H),1.41(d,J=6.8Hz,3H);LC-MS m/z(方法B2)=354/356[M+H]+,RT=1.71分钟
实施例10
合成(S)-4-(2-氯-9-乙基-8-(3-氟氧杂环丁烷-3-基)-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉(j-1):
该化合物以类似于(S)-4-(2-氯-8-(3-氟氧杂环丁烷-3-基)-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉的方式,使用(S)-3-(2-氯-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)氧杂环丁烷-3-醇作为起始物质制备。LC-MS m/z(方法C)=356/358[M+H]+,RT=2.62分钟;TLC(1:1庚烷:乙酸乙酯):Rf=0.58.
实施例11
合成(S)-4-(2-氯-9-乙基-8-(嘧啶-5-基)-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉(k-1):
在配备有搅拌子的5-mL微波容器中,加入(S)-4-(2-氯-9-乙基-8-碘-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基-吗啉(30mg,0.074mmol)、5-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼杂环戊烷-2-基)嘧啶(22.7mg,0.110mmol,1.5当量)、磷酸钾(46.9mg,0.22mmol,3.0当量)、1,1'-二(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]二氯化钯(II)与二氯甲烷的络合物(1:1)(3.0mg,0.0037mmol,0.05当量)和脱气的1,4-二噁烷(3.0mL)。封盖微波管,并将反应混合物在微波辐射(300瓦特,120°C)下加热15分钟。将反应混合物用乙酸乙酯(10mL)稀释并经硅藻土填料滤过。将有机层用水和盐水洗涤,然后干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并真空蒸发。所得残留物通过柱色谱法纯化(Si-PPC,0-100%乙酸乙酯/庚烷的梯度),得到希望的化合物(k-1),为泡沫状物(20.6mg,77.8%)。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 9.34(s,1H),9.13(s,2H),6.00-4.60(宽单峰,2H),4.42-4.28(m,2H),4.11-3.97(m,1H),3.87-3.72(m,2H),3.71-3.59(m,1H),3.59-3.40(宽单峰,1H),1.51-39(m,6H);LC-MS m/z(方法A):RT=2.21分钟,[M+H]+=360.
实施例12
合成6-(苄基氧基)-N-(4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼杂环戊烷-2-基)苯基)吡啶-2-胺(l-1):
向2-溴-6-苄基氧基吡啶(1.10g,4.15mmol)和4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼杂环戊烷-2-基)苯胺(1.00g,4.57mmol,1.1当量)在叔丁醇(20mL)中的混合物加入叔丁醇钠(556mg,5.78mmol,1.40当量)、2-二环己基膦基-2′-(N,N-二甲基氨基)联苯(98mg,0.25mmol,0.06当量)和二(二亚苄基丙酮)钯(0)(96mg,0.17mmol,0.04当量)。将反应混合物用氮气净化数分钟,并将深橙色反应混合物在微波辐射(300瓦特,120°C)下加热15分钟。将反应混合物用10%枸橼酸水溶液淬灭并倒入乙酸乙酯中。将有机层用水和盐水洗涤,然后干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并真空蒸发。所得残留物通过柱色谱法纯化(Si-PPC,0-100%乙酸乙酯/庚烷的梯度),得到希望的产物(l-1)(1.08g,65%收率),为略微棕色的固体。1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 7.75(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.49-7.41(m,3H),7.41-7.34(m,4H),7.34-7.27(m,1H),6.46(s,1H),6.44(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.30(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),5.37(s,2H),1.34(s,12H).
实施例13
合成(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(8-(3-羟基氧杂环丁烷-3-基)-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲(m-1):
在配备有搅拌子的5-mL微波容器中,加入(S)-3-(2-氯-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)氧杂环丁烷-3-醇(100mg,0.29mmol)、[4-乙基脲基)苯基]硼酸频哪醇酯(104.2mg,0.36mmol,1.22当量)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(21.0mg,0.018mmol,0.062当量)、碳酸钠(47.7mg,0.45mmol,1.53当量)和乙酸钾(47.0mg,0.48mmol,1.63当量)。加入脱气的乙腈(3.6mL)和水(1.2mL)。封盖微波瓶,并将反应混合物在微波辐射(300瓦特,120°C)下加热15分钟。将反应混合物用乙酸乙酯(10mL)稀释并经填料滤过。将有机层用水和盐水洗涤,然后干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并真空蒸发。所得残留物通过反相HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(m-1),为白色固体(76.8mg,55.8%)。1HNMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δppm 8.62(s,1H),8.27(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.48(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.87(s,1H),6.14(t,J=5.6Hz,1H),5.46(宽单峰,1H),5.23-5.06(m,3H),4.78(d,J=6.6Hz,2H),4.01(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.84-3.77(m,1H),3.73(dd,J=11.0Hz,2.3Hz,1H),3.71(s,3H),3.62-3.52(m,1H),3.51-3.39(m,1H),3.18-3.07(m,2H),1.34(t,J=7.7Hz,3H),1.07(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);LC-MS m/z(方法C)=468.2[M+H]+,RT=3.77分钟
实施例14
合成(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(8-(4-羟基四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲(n-1):
标题化合物(n-1)根据实施例13所述的操作制备。使用(S)-4-(2-氯-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)-四氢-2H-吡喃-4-醇得到标题化合物(n-1)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δppm 8.65(s,1H),8.26(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.48(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.17(t,J=5.6Hz,1H),5.74(s,1H),5.45(宽单峰,1H),5.07(宽单峰,1H),4.00(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),3.95(s,3H),3.85-3.66(m,6H),3.56(t,J=10.6Hz,1H),3.48-3.35(m,1H),3.17-3.07(m,2H),2.28-2.12(m,2H),1.89(d,J=13.6Hz,2H),1.32(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),1.06(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);LC-MS m/z(方法C)=496.3[M+H]+,RT=3.94分钟
实施例15
合成(S)-1-(4-(8-环丙基-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)-3-乙基脲(o-1):
(o-1)
标题化合物(o-1)根据实施例13所述的操作制备。使用(S)-4-(2-氯-8-环丙基-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基-吗啉得到标题化合物。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δppm 8.62(s,1H),8.25(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.47(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.15(t,J=5.5Hz,1H),5.38(宽单峰,1H),5.03(宽单峰,1H),4.04-3.92(m,1H),3.81(s,3H),3.77(d,J=11.7Hz,1H),3.69(dd,J=11.5Hz,2.9Hz,1H),3.58-3.48(m,1H),3.43-3.33(m,1H),3.19-3.04(m,2H),2.27-2.17(m,1H),1.28(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),1.06(t,J=7.2Hz,4H),0.94(t,J=7.1Hz,3H);LC-MS m/z(方法C)=436.2[M+H]+,RT=4.41分钟
实施例16
合成(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(8-(3-氟氧杂环丁烷-3-基)-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲(p-1):
标题化合物(p-1)根据实施例13所述的操作制备。使用(S)-4-(2-氯-8-(3-氟氧杂环丁烷-3-基)-9-甲基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉得到标题化合物。1HNMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δppm 8.69(s,1H),8.28(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.49(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.18(t,J=5.7Hz,1H),5.48(宽单峰,1H),5.36to5.22(m,2H),5.19-5.02(m,3H),4.02(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),3.81(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),3.76-3.66(m,4H),3.57(t,J=10.6Hz,1H),3.46(宽单峰,1H),3.17-3.06(m,2H),1.35(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),1.06(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);LC-MS m/z(方法C)=470.2[M+H]+,RT=4.59分钟
实施例17
合成(S)-1-(4-(8-环丙基-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)-3-乙基脲(q-1):
(q-1)
标题化合物(q-1)根据实施例13所述的操作制备。使用(S)-4-(2-氯-8-环丙基-9-乙基-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基-吗啉得到标题化合物。1HNMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δppm 8.63(s,1H),8.23(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.47(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.16(t,J=5.6Hz,1H),5.37(宽单峰,1H),5.04(宽单峰,1H),4.35(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),4.03-3.93(m,1H),3.77(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.68(dd,J=11.4Hz,2.8Hz,1H),3.60-3.48(m,1H),3.43-3.30(m,1H),3.17-3.06(m,2H),2.30-2.20(m,1H),1.39(t,J=7.2Hz,3H),1.29(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),1.09-0.95(m,7H);LC-MS m/z(方法C)=450.2[M+H]+,RT=4.73分钟
实施例18
合成(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(9-乙基-8-(4-羟基四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲(r-1):
标题化合物(r-1)根据实施例13所述的操作制备。使用(S)-4-(2-氯-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)-四氢-2H-吡喃-4-醇得到标题化合物。1HNMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δppm 8.62(s,1H),8.25(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.48(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.14(t,J=5.6Hz,1H),5.78(s,1H),5.44(宽单峰,1H),5.10(宽单峰,1H),4.51(q,J=6.8Hz,2H),4.00(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.86-3.65(m,6H),3.55(t,J=10.5Hz,1H),3.47-3.34(m,1H),3.17-3.07(m,2H),2.28-2.13(m,2H),1.88(d,J=13.5Hz,2H),1.43(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),1.33(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),1.06(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);LC-MS m/z(方法C)=510.2[M+H]+,RT=4.18分钟
实施例19
合成(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(9-乙基-8-(4-氟四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲(s-1):
标题化合物(s-1)根据实施例13所述的操作制备。使用(S)-4-(2-氯-9-乙基-8-(4-氟四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉得到标题化合物。1HNMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δppm 8.77(s,1H),8.25(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.49(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.29(t,J=5.5Hz,1H),5.40(宽单峰,1H),5.08(宽单峰,1H),4.41(q,J=6.8Hz,2H),4.00(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),3.92-3.68(m,6H),3.63-3.50(m,1H),3.49-3.36(m,1H),3.17-3.07(m,2H),2.46-2.26(m,2H),2.19(t,J=12.7Hz,2H),1.41(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),1.34(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),1.06(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);LC-MS m/z(方法C)=512.3[M+H]+,RT=5.20分钟
实施例20
合成(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(9-乙基-8-(3-羟基氧杂环丁烷-3-基)-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲(t-1):
标题化合物(t-1)根据实施例13所述的操作制备。使用(S)-3-(2-氯-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)-氧杂环丁烷-3-醇得到标题化合物。1HNMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δppm 8.65(s,1H),8.25(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.48(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.96(s,1H),6.15(t,J=5.6Hz,1H),5.45(宽单峰,1H),5.29-4.99(m,3H),4.77(d,J=6.4Hz,2H),4.15(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),4.01(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.81(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.72(d,J=11.4Hz,1H),3.56(t,J=10.5Hz,1H),3.50-3.37(m,1H),3.18-3.06(m,2H),1.39(t,J=7.1Hz,3H),1.35(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.06(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);LC-MS m/z(方法C)=482.2[M+H]+,RT=4.01分钟
实施例21
合成(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(9-乙基-8-(3-氟氧杂环丁烷-3-基)-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲(u-1):
标题化合物(u-1)根据实施例13所述的操作制备。使用(S)-4-(2-氯-9-乙基-8-(3-氟氧杂环丁烷-3-基)-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉得到标题化合物。1HNMR(MeOD,500MHz)δppm 8.33(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.45(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),5.57(宽单峰,1H),5.40-3.28(m,2H),5.26(宽单峰,1H),5.11(dd,J=21.1Hz,8.1Hz,2H),4.23(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),4.11-4.01(m,1H),3.92-3.80(m,2H),3.69(t,J=10.5Hz,1H),3.60-3.49(m,1H),3.25(q,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.50-1.41(m,6H),1.17(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);LC-MS m/z(方法C)=484.2[M+H]+,RT=4.93分钟
实施例22
合成(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-8-(嘧啶-5-基)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲(v-1):
标题化合物(v-1)根据实施例13所述的操作制备。使用(S)-4-(2-氯-9-乙基-8-(嘧啶-5-基)-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉得到标题化合物。1H NMR(MeOD,500MHz)δppm 9.29(s,1H),9.23(s,2H),8.33(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.44(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),5.59(宽单峰,1H),5.24(宽单峰,1H),4.47(q,J=7.2Hz,2H),4.11-4.01(m,1H),3.92-3.81(m,2H),3.69(td,J=11.9,2.6,1H),3.62-3.49(m,1H),3.28-3.20(m,2H),1.49(t,J=7.2Hz,3H),1.45(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.17(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);LC-MS m/z(方法C)=488.2[M+H]+,RT=4.50分钟
实施例23
合成(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(8-(3-羟基氮杂环丁烷-3-基)-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲(w-1):
步骤1:制备(S)-3-(2-(4-(3-乙基脲基)苯基)-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)-3-羟基氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(w-2):
该化合物(w-2)以类似于(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(8-(3-羟基氧杂环丁烷-3-基)-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲的方式,使用(S)-3-(2-氯-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)-3-羟基氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯作为起始物质制备。LC-MS m/z(方法A)=567.4[M+H]+,RT=2.44分钟
步骤2:制备标题化合物(w-1):
在0°C向(S)-3-(2-(4-(3-乙基脲基)苯基)-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基-吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-8-基)-3-羟基氮杂环丁烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(45.2mg,0.08mmol)在无水二氯甲烷(3.0mL)和无水甲醇(3.0mL)中的溶液加入4M氯化氢在1,4-二噁烷中的溶液(0.20mL,0.80mmol,10.0当量)。将反应混合物在氮气下于室温搅拌16小时。加入三氟乙酸(0.20mL)并将反应混合物在氮气下于40°C搅拌24小时。然后将反应混合物冷却至室温。真空浓缩反应混合物,并用乙酸乙酯稀释残留物。将有机层用碳酸氢钠饱和水溶液、水和盐水洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并真空浓缩。粗产物通过反相HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物,为白色固体(7.8mg,21%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δppm 8.70(s,1H),8.27(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.95(s,1H),7.48(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.44(s,1H),6.22(t,J=5.5Hz,1H),5.48(宽单峰,1H),5.15(宽单峰,1H),4.14(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),4.08(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),4.01(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.84-3.67(m,7H),3.61-3.52(m,1H),3.50-3.39(m,1H),3.17-3.07(m,2H),1.34(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),1.06(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);LC-MS m/z(方法C)=467.2[M+H]+,RT=3.21分钟
实施例24
合成(S)-6-(4-(8-环丙基-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基氨基)吡啶-2(1H)-酮(x-1):
步骤1:制备(S)-6-(苄基氧基)-N-(4-(8-环丙基-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)吡啶-2-胺(x-2):
该化合物(x-2)以类似于(S)-1-(4-(8-环丙基-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)-3-乙基脲的方式,使用6-(苄基氧基)-N-(4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼杂环戊烷-2-基)苯基)吡啶-2-胺作为起始物质制备。1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δppm 8.40(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.54-7.28(m,8H),6.58(宽单峰,1H),6.48(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),6.29(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),5.49(宽单峰,1H),5.39(s,2H),5.20(宽单峰,1H),4.40(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),4.04(dd,J=11.2Hz,3.1Hz,1H),3.91-3.78(m,2H),3.69(td,J=11.9Hz,2.7Hz,1H),3.59-3.46(m,1H),2.05-1.93(m,1H),1.50(t,J=7.2Hz,3H),1.41(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.20-1.13(m,2H),1.11-1.04(m,2H);LC-MS m/z(方法A)=562.3[M+H]+,RT=3.74分钟
步骤2:制备标题化合物(x-1):
向(S)-6-(苄基氧基)-N-(4-(8-环丙基-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)吡啶-2-胺(100mg,1.78mmol)在无水MeOH(4mL)和EtOAc(4mL)中的溶液加入20wt% Pd(OH)2/炭(10.0mg)。将反应混合物用真空排空并用H2(3x)净化,然后在H2气氛下搅拌2小时。然后将反应混合物经填料滤过。真空浓缩滤液并通过柱色谱法纯化粗产物(Si-PPC,0-30%甲醇/二氯甲烷的梯度)。由乙醚-庚烷结晶,得到标题化合物(x-1)(8.6mg,10.2%),为固体。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,500MHz)δppm 10.16(宽单峰,1H),9.05(宽单峰,1H),8.27(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.76(宽单峰,2H),7.41(t,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.29(宽单峰,1H),5.98(d,J=6.3Hz,1H),5.36(宽单峰,1H),5.06(宽单峰,1H),4.36(q,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.98(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),3.78(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),3.69(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),3.54(t,J=10.6Hz,1H),3.44-3.33(m,1H),2.30-2.19(m,1H),1.40(t,J=7.1Hz,3H),1.29(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),1.12-0.93(m,4H);LC-MS m/z(方法C)=472.2[M+H]+,RT=4.93分钟
实施例25
合成(S)-1-(4-(8-环丙基-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)-3-(氧杂环丁烷-3-基)脲(y-1):
步骤1:制备(S)-4-(8-环丙基-9-乙基-2-(4-硝基苯基)-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉(y-2):
该化合物(y-2)以类似于(S)-1-(4-(8-环丙基-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)-3-乙基脲的方式,使用4-硝基苯基硼酸频哪醇酯作为起始物质制备。LC-MS m/z(方法B2)=409.3[M+H]+,RT=2.45分钟
步骤2:制备(S)-4-(8-环丙基-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯胺(y-3):
用连续流动氢化装置(H-Cube:10% Pd/C柱,1.0mL/min流量)处理(S)-4-(8-环丙基-9-乙基-2-(4-硝基苯基)-9H-嘌呤-6-基)-3-甲基吗啉(76.0mg,0.186mmol)在无水甲醇(3.0mL)和无水THF(4.6mL)中的溶液。将粗产物真空浓缩并通过柱色谱法纯化(Si-PPC,20-100%乙酸乙酯/庚烷的梯度),得到希望的产物,为白色固体(52.0mg,73.8%)。1H NMR(CDCl3,500MHz)δppm8.28(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),6.73(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),5.47(宽单峰,1H),5.17(宽单峰,1H),4.40(宽单峰,2H),4.03(dd,J=11.3Hz,3.3Hz,1H),3.89-3.77(m,2H),3.68(td,J=12.0Hz,2.8Hz,1H),3.50(t,J=11.7Hz,1H),2.02-1.91(m,1H),1.48(t,J=7.2Hz,3H),1.39(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.33-1.22(m,2H),1.20-1.10(m,2H),1.06(dd,J=8.0Hz,3.1Hz,2H);LC-MS m/z(方法A)=379.3[M+H]+,RT=1.96分钟
步骤3:制备标题化合物(y-1):
向(S)-4-(8-环丙基-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯胺(52.0mg,0.14mmol)在无水1,2-二氯乙烷(3.0mL)中的搅拌的溶液加入三乙胺(0.063mL,0.45mmol,3.3当量)。将反应混合物冷却至0°C并加入一份三光气(40.8mg,0.14mmol,1.0当量)。在氮气下于0°C搅拌5分钟后,将反应混合物在70°C搅拌1小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温,然后加入3-氧杂环丁烷基胺(50.2mg,0.69mmol,5.0当量)。将反应混合物在氮气下于室温搅拌16小时,然后用乙酸乙酯(25mL)稀释。将有机层用水和盐水洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并真空浓缩。粗产物通过反相HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物,为白色固体(30.5mg,46.5%)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δppm 8.78(s,1H),8.24(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.47(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.97(d,J=6.7Hz,1H),5.37(宽单峰,1H),5.03(宽单峰,1H),4.86-4.69(m,3H),4.44(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),4.35(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),3.97(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),3.77(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),3.68(dd,J=11.4Hz,2.6Hz,1H),3.53(t,J=10.5Hz,1H),3.44-3.33(m,1H),2.30-2.19(m,1H),1.39(t,J=7.2Hz,3H),1.28(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),1.10-0.95(m,4H);LC-MS m/z(方法C)=478.2[M+H]+,RT=4.44分钟
实施例26
化合物的生物学评价:
a.体外mTOR激酶测定
mTOR激酶活性如下评价:将经纯化的重组酶(mTOR(1360-2549)+GBL,自制)在含有ATP、MnCl2和经荧光标记的mTOR底物例如GFP-4E-BP1(Invitrogen,产品#PR8808A)的反应混合物中孵育。反应如下终止:加入经铽标记的磷酸化特异性抗体例如经Tb标记的抗p4E-BP1T37/T46(Invitrogen,产品#PR8835A)、EDTA和TR-FRET缓冲溶液(Invitrogen,产品#PR3756B)。产物的形成通过时间分辨荧光共振能量转移(TR-FRET)来检测,当磷酸化的底物和经标记的抗体由于磷酸化特异性结合而紧密靠近时,发生所述时间分辨荧光共振能量转移。使用Perkin Elmer Envision读板器将酶活性测量为TR-FRET信号的增加。测定在384孔Proxiplate Plus(PerkinElmer.产品#6008269)中进行,其中使用以下操作:
在始于最高终浓度10μM的10点剂量曲线中测试化合物活性。将化合物在100%DMSO中连续稀释,然后用测定缓冲液进一步稀释。将含有0.25nMmTOR+GBL酶、400nM GFP-4E-BP 1、8μM ATP、50mM Hepes(pH 7.5)、0.01%Tween 20、10mM MnCl2、1mM EGTA、1mM DTT、1%DMSO(+/-化合物)的反应混合物(8μL)在室温孵育30分钟。然后加入8μL含有2nM Tb-抗p4E-BP1抗体和10mM EDTA稀TR-FRET缓冲液的溶液,孵育30分钟以终止反应。板用Envision读板器扫描。在Assay Explorer中使用针对Ki表观测定的MorrisonATP竞争性紧密结合方程式来计算Ki值。
本发明化合物(例如式I的化合物)在mTOR激酶测定中具有的活性水平(Ki)在约0.0001nM和约5μM之间,且在一些实施方案中在约0.0001nM和约1μM之间,且在一些其它实施方案中在小于约0.0001nM和约0.5μM之间。表1中的本发明化合物101-113分别具有下述活性水平(μM):0.007、0.008、0.005、0.004、0.074、0.008、0.003、0.003、0.003、0.005、0.004、0.006和0.008。
b.体外磷酸-AKT丝氨酸473细胞测定
该测定测量在源自人前列腺腺癌PC-3(ATCC CRL-1435)细胞(其已用表皮生长因子(EGF)刺激)中测试化合物对AKT丝氨酸-473磷酸化的抑制。
将PC-3细胞系保持在37℃5%CO2增湿孵育箱中的RPMI1640培养基中,所述培养基补充有10%FBS、2mM谷氨酰胺和10mM HEPES(pH 7.4)。
将细胞接种在于50μl生长培养基中的384孔板上,密度为7,000细胞/孔。24小时后,取出生长培养基,用不含FBS的RPMI1640替换。细胞用10种浓度的测试化合物或作为对照的单独DMSO(DMSO的终浓度为0.5%)处理且在37℃孵育30分钟。细胞用100ng/ml EGF(终浓度)刺激10分钟。为观察刺激的细胞和未刺激的细胞之间的信号比例,一列对照物未用EGF刺激。10分钟后,取出化合物和刺激培养基,用25μl含有蛋白酶抑制剂和磷酯酶抑制剂的溶解缓冲液替换。该缓冲液含有洗涤剂以使细胞破碎。细胞完全破碎后,将20μl溶胞产物转移至MesoScale Discovery 384孔4点板上,所述板涂覆有AKT的抗体(MesoScale Discovery(MSD)产品K211CAD-2),该抗体已用3%牛血清白蛋白在Tris缓冲的盐水中阻断。将溶胞产物转移至MSD板中后,通过在振荡器上在4℃孵育16小时,将溶胞产物中的AKT捕获在涂覆的抗体上。捕获步骤后,洗涤板,与S473磷酸化的AKT的抗体孵育2小时,其中所述S473磷酸化的AKT与磺基-标签(sulfo-tag)缀合。该标签当基于MSD板与电极接近时产生信号。在MSD读数计上检测标记的抗体与捕获的蛋白的结合。
将EC50定义为给定的化合物使S473AKT磷酸化的测量水平降低50%的浓度。EC50值使用以可变的斜率拟合S形曲线的MDL Assay Explorer3.0.1.8来计算。
表1中所述的化合物101-113分别具有以下EC50活性水平(μM):0.030、0.037、0.029、0.01、N/A、0.015、0.007、0.009、0.008、0.005、0.004、0.006和0.008。
c.体外细胞增殖测定
式I的化合物的功效通过采用以下方案进行细胞增殖测定来测量:
1.将等份的20μl细胞培养物(在培养基中含有约103细胞(PC3或MDAMB361.1))置于384孔不透明壁板的每孔中。
2.制备含有培养基以及不含细胞的对照孔;使细胞沉降过夜。
3.将化合物加至实验孔中,然后孵育3天。
4.将板平衡至室温并保持约30分钟。
5.加入体积与每孔中存在的细胞培养基的体积相同的CellTiter-Glo试剂。
6.将内含物在定轨振荡器(orbital shaker)中混合2分钟以诱导细胞溶解。
7.将板在室温孵育20分钟以稳定发光信号。
8.记录发光信号并以图表形式报道,发光信号单位为RLU=相对发光单位。
可供选择地,将细胞以最佳密度接种于96孔板中,然后在测试化合物的存在下孵育4天。随后将Alamar BlueTM加到测定培养基中,将细胞孵育6h,然后在544nm激发、590nm发射读数。使用S形剂量响应曲线拟合计算IC50值。表1中所述的前面的化合物的IC50值为(以μM计,用PC3细胞):0.282、0.207、0.12、0.115、N/A、0.441、0.112、0.232、0.218、0.163、0.269、0.853和1.7。
d.p110α(α)PI3K结合测定
结合测定:初始偏振实验在Analyst HT 96-384(Molecular Devices Corp,Sunnyvale,CA.)上进行。用于荧光偏振亲和力测量的试样如下制备:将1:3连续稀释的p110αPI3K(Upstate Cell Signaling Solutions,Charlottesville,VA),由20μg/毫升于偏振缓冲液(10mM Tris pH 7.5、50mM NaCl、4mM MgCl2、0.05%Chaps和1mM DTT)中的最终浓度开始,加至10mM PIP2(Echelon-Inc.,Salt Lake City,UT.)的最终浓度。在室温孵育30分钟后,反应通过分别加入GRP-1和PIP3-TAMRA探针(Echelon-Inc.,Salt Lake City,UT.)至100nM和5nM的最终浓度来停止。在384孔黑色低容量Proxiplate(PerkinElmer,Wellesley,MA.)中针对罗丹明荧光团(rhodamine fluorophore)(λex=530nm;λem=590nm)用标准截止滤波器(cut-off filter)进行读数。将荧光偏振值描绘为蛋白质浓度的函数,EC50值通过使用KaleidaGraph软件(Synergy software,Reading,PA)将数据拟合成4-参数方程来获得。该实验还确立了在随后与抑制剂的竞争实验中使用的适当蛋白质浓度。
抑制剂的IC50值如下确定:将结合有PIP2(10mM最终浓度)的0.04毫克/毫升p110αPI3K(最终浓度)加至孔中,所述孔中含有1:3连续稀释的拮抗剂,在偏振缓冲液中的最终浓度为25mM ATP(Cell Signaling Technology,Inc.,Danvers,MA)。在室温孵育30分钟后,反应通过分别加入GRP-1和PIP3-TAMRA探针(Echelon-Inc.,Salt Lake City,UT.)至100nM和5nM的最终浓度来停止。在384孔黑色低容量Proxiplates(PerkinElmer,Wellesley,MA.)中针对罗丹明荧光团(λex=530nm;λem=590nm)用标准截止滤波器进行读数。将荧光偏振值描绘为拮抗剂浓度的函数,IC50值通过在Assay Explorer软件(MDL,San Ramon,CA.)中将数据拟合成4-参数方程来获得。
前述说明书视为仅对本发明的原则的阐述。此外,由于多种修改和变化对本领域技术人员是容易显而易见的,因此,不期望将本发明限制为如上所述的精确解释和方法。因此,所有合适的变化和等价物都可视为落入由随后的权利要求定义的本发明的范围内。
Claims (33)
1.式I化合物:
其中,
R1选自6-至10-元芳基、5-至9-元杂芳基、3-至12-元杂环烷基、3-至12-元环烷基,其中R1取代有0至5个选自以下的RR1取代基:卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NRaRb、-SRa、-ORa、-C(O)ORa、-C(O)NRaRb、-C(O)Ra、-NRaC(O)Rb、-OC(O)Rc、-NRaC(O)NRaRb、-OC(O)NRaRb、-NRaS(O)2NRaRb、-S(O)2Ra、-S(O)2NRaRb、-Rc、-NO2、-N3、=O、-CN、Rc1、-X1-NRaRb、-X1-SRa、-X1-ORa、-X1-C(O)ORa、-X1-C(O)NRaRb、-X1-C(O)Ra、-X1-NRaC(O)Rb、-X1-OC(O)Ra、-X1-NRaC(O)NRaRb、-X1-OC(O)NRaRb、-X1-NRaS(O)2NRaRb、-X1-S(O)2Ra、-X1-S(O)2NRaRb、-X1-NO2、-X1-N3、-X1-CN和X1-Rc1;其中Ra和Rb各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基,任选地,Ra和Rb在与同一氮原子连接时合起来形成3-至6-元杂环,所述3-至6-元杂环包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子;Rc选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基;X1选自C1-4亚烷基、C2-4亚烯基和C2-4亚炔基;以及Rc1选自苯基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、咪唑-2-基、吲哚-2-基、萘-1-基、萘-2-基、噻吩-2-基、噻吩-3-基、吡咯-2-基、呋喃-2-基和呋喃-3-基,以及其中Rc1取代有0-3个选自以下的取代基:F、Cl、Br、I、-NRaRb、-SRa、-ORa、-S(O)2Ra、-S(O)2NRaRb、-NO2、-N3、=O、-CN、吡啶基、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基和C1-6杂烷基;
R2选自氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6杂烷基、6-至10元芳基、5-至10-元杂芳基、3-至12-元杂环烷基、3-至12元环烷基、-L-C6-10芳基、-L-C1-9杂芳基、-L-C3-12环烷基和-L-C2-12杂环烷基,其中L选自C1-6亚烷基、C2-6亚烯基、C2-6亚炔基和C1-6杂亚烷基,以及其中R2取代有0至5个选自以下的RR2取代基:卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NRdRe、-SRd、-ORd、-C(O)ORd、-C(O)NRdRe、-C(O)Rd、-NRdC(O)Re、-OC(O)Rf、-NRdC(O)NRdRe、-OC(O)NRdRe、-NRdS(O)2NRdRe、-S(O)2Rd、-S(O)2NRdRe、-Rf、-NO2、-N3、=O、-CN、-X2-NRdRe、-X2-SRd、-X2-ORd、-X2-C(O)ORd、-X2-C(O)NRdRe、-X2-C(O)Rd、-X2-NRdC(O)Re、-X2-OC(O)Rd、-X2-NRdC(O)NRdRe、-X2-OC(O)NRdRe、-X2-NRdS(O)2NRdRe、-X2-S(O)2Rd、-X2-S(O)2NRdRe、-X2-NO2、-X2-N3和-X2-CN;其中Rd和Re各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基,任选地,Rd和Re在与同一氮原子连接时合起来形成3-至6-元杂环,所述3-至6-元杂环包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子;Rf选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基;以及X2选自C1-4亚烷基、C2-4亚烯基和C2-4亚炔基;
R3为5-至12-元单环的或桥连的杂环烷基环,其中所述R3基团取代有0-3个选自以下的RR3取代基:-C(O)ORg、-C(O)NRgRh、-NRgRh、-ORg、-SRg、-S(O)2Ri、-S(O)Ri、-Ri、卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NO2、-CN和-N3,其中Rg和Rh各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C2-6烯基和C3-6环烷基,其中任选地,Rg和Rh与各自连接的氮原子一起合起来形成3-至6-元杂环,所述3-至6-元杂环包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子,以及Ri选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C3-6环烷基;以及如果R3为单环的杂环烷基环,那么与R3的相同原子连接的任何两个RR3基团任选合起来形成3-至7-元碳环或包含1至2个选自N、O和S的原子作为环原子的3-至7-元杂环;
A1、A2、A3和A4各自为独立选自N、C(RA)或C(H)的成员,其中A1、A2、A3和A4中的至少三个各自独立地为C(H)或C(RA),其中RA在每次出现时独立选自F、Cl、Br、I、-NO2、-CN、C1-4烷基、C2-4烯基、C2-4炔基,或者与相邻原子连接的任何两个RA基团任选合起来形成包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子作为环原子的C2-6杂环、C3-7环烷基环、包含1-4个选自N、O和S的杂原子作为环原子的C1-5杂芳基环或苯环;以及
D为选自以下的成员:-NR4C(O)NR5R6、-NR5R6、-C(O)NR5R6、-OC(O)OR5、-OC(O)NR5R6、-NR4C(=N-CN)NR5R6、-NR4C(=N-OR5)NR5R6、-NR4C(=N-NR5)NR5R6、-NR4C(O)R5、-NR4C(O)OR5、-NR4S(O)2NR5R6和-NR4S(O)2R5,其中R4选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基和C2-6烯基;R5和R6各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-10环烷基、C2-10杂环烷基、C6-10芳基和C1-9杂芳基,以及R5和R6在与同一氮原子连接时任选合起来形成5-至7-元杂环或5-至9-元杂芳基环,所述5-至7-元杂环或5-至9-元杂芳基环包含1-3个选自N、O和S的杂原子作为环原子并取代有0-3个RD取代基;以及其中R4、R5和R6还取代有0-3个RD取代基,其中RD独立选自卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NO2、-CN、-NRjRk、-ORj、-SRj、-C(O)ORj、-C(O)NRjRk、-NRjC(O)Rk、-NRjC(O)ORm、-X3-NRjRk、-X3-ORj、-X3-SRj、-X3-C(O)ORj、-X3-C(O)NRjRk、-X3-NRjC(O)Rk、-X3-NRjC(O)ORk、-X3-CN、-X3-NO2、-S(O)Rm、-S(O)2Rm、=O和-Rm;其中Rj和Rk选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6杂烷基、C3-7环烷基、C3-7杂环烷基、C6-10芳基、C1-9杂芳基;以及Rm在每次出现时独立选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C3-7环烷基、C3-7杂环烷基、C6-10芳基和C1-9杂芳基;X3选自C1-4亚烷基、C2-4亚烯基和C2-4亚炔基;以及其中D和连接至与D所连接的原子相邻的原子的RA取代基任选合起来形成任选取代的5-至6-元杂环或杂芳基环,所述任选取代的5-至6-元杂环或杂芳基环取代有0-4个RD取代基。
3.权利要求1或2的化合物,其中R3选自吗啉-4-基、3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基、3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基、四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基、1,4-氧氮杂环庚烷-4-基、2-氧杂-5-氮杂二环[2.2.1]庚-5-基、3-氧杂-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-8-基、哌啶-1-基和8-氧杂-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基,其中所述R3基团取代有0-3个选自以下的RR3取代基:-C(O)ORg、-C(O)NRgRh、-NRgRh、-ORg、-SRg、-S(O)2Ri、-S(O)Ri、-Ri、卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NO2、-CN和-N3,其中Rg和Rh各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C2-6烯基和C3-6环烷基,其中任选地,Rg和Rh与各自连接的氮原子一起合起来形成3-至6-元杂环,所述3-至6-元杂环包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子,以及Ri选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C3-6环烷基;以及如果R3为单环的杂环烷基环,那么与R3的相同原子连接的任何两个RR3基团任选合起来形成3-至7-元碳环或包含1至2个选自N、O和S的原子作为环原子的3-至7-元杂环。
4.权利要求1-3中的任一项的化合物,其中R3取代有0-2个选自-NRgRh、-ORg和Ri的RR3取代基,以及如果R3为单环的杂环烷基环,那么与R3的相同原子连接的任何两个RR3基团任选合起来形成3-至7-元碳环或包含1至2个选自N、O和S的原子作为环原子的3-至7-元杂环。
5.权利要求1-3中的任一项的化合物,其中R3选自吗啉-4-基、3(R)-甲基-吗啉-4-基、3(S)-甲基-吗啉-4-基、3(R)-乙基-吗啉-4-基、3(S)-乙基-吗啉-4-基、3(R)-异丙基-吗啉-4-基、3(S)-异丙基-吗啉-4-基、3,3-二甲基-吗啉-4-基、3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基、3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基、四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基、1,4-氧氮杂环庚烷-4-基、哌啶-1-基、2-氧杂-5-氮杂二环[2.2.1]庚-5-基、3-氧杂-8-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-8-基、4-甲氧基-哌啶-1-基和8-氧杂-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛-3-基。
6.权利要求1-5中的任一项的化合物,其中D选自-NR4C(O)NR5R6、-NR5R6、-C(O)NR5R6、-NR4C(=N-CN)NR5R6、-NR4C(O)R5、-NR4C(O)OR5、-NR4S(O)2NR5R6和-NR4S(O)2R5。
7.权利要求1-6中的任一项的化合物,其中D为-NR4C(O)NR5R6或-NR5R6,其中R4为氢,R5和R6各自独立地为任选取代的选自以下的基团:氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、C6-10芳基和C1-9杂芳基,以及R5和R6在与同一氮原子连接时任选合起来形成5-至7-元杂环或5-至9-元杂芳基环,所述5-至7-元杂环或5-至9-元杂芳基环包含1-3个选自N、O和S的杂原子作为环原子并取代有0-3个RD取代基。
8.权利要求1-7中的任一项的化合物,其中D为-NR5R6,其中R5为氢或C1-3烷基,以及R6为任选取代的C6-10芳基、C1-9杂芳基或C3-7杂环烷基。
10.权利要求1-9中的任一项的化合物,其中D选自
11.权利要求1-7中的任一项的化合物,其中D为-NR5R6,其中R5和R6合起来形成任选取代的选自以下的5-元杂芳基环:吡咯基、吡唑基、咪唑基和三唑基。
12.权利要求1-7中的任一项的化合物,其中D为-NR4C(O)NR5R6,其中R4为氢;R5和R6各自独立地为任选取代的选自以下的基团:氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C3-7环烷基、C3-7杂环烷基、5-至6-元杂芳基和任选取代的苯基。
13.权利要求12的化合物,其中R5和R6中的一个为氢。
14.权利要求12-13中的任一项的化合物,其中R4和R5各自为氢以及R6为任选取代的选自以下的基团:C1-6烷基和C1-6卤代烷基。
15.权利要求12-14中的任一项的化合物,其中R6选自
16.权利要求12-15中的任一项的化合物,其中R6为乙基。
17.权利要求12的化合物,其中R4为氢以及R5为氢或C1-3烷基以及R6为任选取代的选自以下的基团:任选取代的异噁唑-3-基、异噁唑-4-基、异噁唑-5-基、噁唑-2-基、噁唑-4-基、噁唑-5-基、吡唑-3-基、吡唑-4-基、吡唑-5-基、1,2,3-噁二唑-4-基、1,2,3-噁二唑-5-基、1,3,4-噁二唑-2-基、1,3,4-噁二唑-5-基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、吡啶-5-基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、氮杂环庚烷-2-基、氮杂环庚烷-3-基、四氢呋喃-2-基、四氢呋喃-3-基和苯基。
18.权利要求17的化合物,其中R6独立地取代有0-3个选自以下的取代基:F、Cl、Br、I、-CN、-Rm、-NRjRk和-ORj。
20.权利要求1-19中的任一项的化合物,其中R1选自苯基、5-至6-元杂芳基、3-至7-元杂环烷基、3-至7-元环烷基,其中R1取代有0至5个选自以下的RR1取代基:卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NRaRb、-SRa、-ORa、-C(O)ORa、-C(O)NRaRb、-C(O)Ra、-NRaC(O)Rb、-OC(O)Rc、-NRaC(O)NRaRb、-OC(O)NRaRb、-NRaS(O)2NRaRb、-S(O)2Ra、-S(O)2NRaRb、-Rc、-NO2、-N3、=O、-CN、Rc1、-X1-NRaRb、-X1-SRa、-X1-ORa、-X1-C(O)ORa、-X1-C(O)NRaRb、-X1-C(O)Ra、-X1-NRaC(O)Rb、-X1-OC(O)Ra、-X1-NRaC(O)NRaRb、-X1-OC(O)NRaRb、-X1-NRaS(O)2NRaRb、-X1-S(O)2Ra、-X1-S(O)2NRaRb、-X1-NO2、-X1-N3、-X1-CN和X1-Rc1;其中Ra和Rb各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基,任选地,Ra和Rb在与同一氮原子连接时合起来形成3-至6-元杂环,所述3-至6-元杂环包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子;Rc选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基;X1选自C1-4亚烷基、C2-4亚烯基和C2-4亚炔基;以及Rc1选自苯基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、咪唑-2-基、吲哚-2-基、萘-1-基、萘-2-基、噻吩-2-基、噻吩-3-基、吡咯-2-基、呋喃-2-基和呋喃-3-基,以及其中Rc1取代有0-3个选自以下的取代基:F、Cl、Br、I、-NRaRb、-SRa、-ORa、-S(O)2Ra、-S(O)2NRaRb、-NO2、-N3、=O、-CN、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基和C1-6杂烷基;以及R2选自氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6杂烷基、3-至6-元杂环烷基、3-至6元环烷基,以及其中R2取代有0-3个选自以下的RR2取代基:卤素、F、Cl、Br、I、-NRdRe、-SRd、-ORd、-C(O)ORd、-C(O)NRdRe、-C(O)Rd、-NRdC(O)Re、-OC(O)Rf、-NRdC(O)NRdRe、-OC(O)NRdRe、-NRdS(O)2NRdRe、-S(O)2Rd、-S(O)2NRdRe、-Rf、-NO2、-N3、=O、-CN、-X2-NRdRe、-X2-SRd、-X2-ORd、-X2-C(O)ORd、-X2-C(O)NRdRe、-X2-C(O)Rd、-X2-NRdC(O)Re、-X2-OC(O)Rd、-X2-NRdC(O)NRdRe、-X2-OC(O)NRdRe、-X2-NRdS(O)2NRdRe、-X2-S(O)2Rd、-X2-S(O)2NRdRe、-X2-NO2、-X2-N3和–X2-CN;其中Rd和Re各自独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6杂烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基,任选地,Rd和Re在与同一氮原子连接时合起来形成3-至6-元杂环,所述3-至6-元杂环包含1-2个选自N、O和S的杂原子;Rf选自C1-6烷基、C1-6卤代烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-7环烷基、C2-7杂环烷基、苯基和-(CH2)1-4-苯基;以及X2选自C1-4亚烷基、C2-4亚烯基和C2-4亚炔基。
21.权利要求1-20中的任一项的化合物,其中R1选自环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、氮杂环丁烷-1-基、氮杂环丁烷-2-基、氮杂环丁烷-3-基、吡咯烷-1-基、吡咯烷-2-基、吡咯烷-3-基、哌啶-1-基、哌啶-2-基、哌啶-3-基、哌啶-4-基、氧杂环丁烷-2-基、氧杂环丁烷-3-基、四氢呋喃-2-基、四氢呋喃-3-基、四氢吡喃-2-基、四氢吡喃-3-基和四氢吡喃-4-基、氧杂环庚烷-2-基、氧杂环庚烷-3-基、氧杂环庚烷-4-基、苯基、吡咯-2-基、吡咯-3-基、吡唑-3-基、吡唑-4-基、吡唑-5-基、呋喃-2-基、呋喃-3-基、噻吩-2-基、噻吩-3-基、噻唑-2-基、噻唑-3-基、噻唑-4-基、咪唑-1-基、咪唑-4-基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、嘧啶-1-基、嘧啶-2-基、嘧啶-3-基、吡嗪-2-基、哒嗪-2-基、哒嗪-3-基和三嗪-2-基,其中R1取代有0-3个RR1取代基;以及R2选自氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6杂烷基并取代有0-3个RR2取代基。
22.权利要求1-21中的任一项的化合物,其中R1选自:
25.权利要求1-24中的任一项的化合物,其中R2选自氢、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、环丙基甲基和甲氧基乙基。
26.权利要求1的化合物,其中所述化合物选自(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(8-(3-羟基氧杂环丁烷-3-基)-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲;(S)-1-(4-(8-环丙基-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)-3-乙基脲;(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(8-(4-羟基四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲;(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(9-乙基-8-(4-羟基四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲;(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(8-(3-羟基氮杂环丁烷-3-基)-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲;(S)-1-(4-(8-环丙基-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)-3-乙基脲;(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-8-(嘧啶-5-基)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲;(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(8-(3-氟氧杂环丁烷-3-基)-9-甲基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲;(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(8-(3-氟氧杂环丁烷-3-基)-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲;(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(9-乙基-8-(4-氟四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲;(S)-1-乙基-3-(4-(9-乙基-8-(3-羟基氧杂环丁烷-3-基)-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)脲;(S)-6-(4-(8-环丙基-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基氨基)吡啶-2(1H)-酮;和(S)-1-(4-(8-环丙基-9-乙基-6-(3-甲基吗啉代)-9H-嘌呤-2-基)苯基)-3-(氧杂环丁烷-3-基)脲。
27.药物组合物,其包含权利要求1-26中的任一项的化合物和药用稀释剂、载体或赋形剂。
28.治疗哺乳动物中的选自乳腺癌、NSCLC、小细胞癌、肝癌、淋巴性障碍、肉瘤、结肠直肠癌、直肠癌和白血病的癌症的方法,所述方法包括向所述哺乳动物给药治疗有效量的权利要求1-26中的任一项的化合物。
29.权利要求28的方法,其中将权利要求1-26中的任一项的化合物与另一种化学治疗剂联合给药。
30.权利要求28的方法,其中所述患者为人类。
31.权利要求1-26中的任一项的化合物在制备用于治疗癌症的药物中的用途。
32.权利要求1-26中的任一项的化合物,其用于治疗癌症。
33.如本申请上文所述的本发明。
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CN111875606A (zh) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-03 | 武汉工程大学 | 一种基于虚拟对接获得的嘌呤类化合物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN111875606B (zh) * | 2020-07-20 | 2023-04-07 | 武汉工程大学 | 一种基于虚拟对接获得的嘌呤类化合物及其制备方法和应用 |
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JP5579864B2 (ja) | 2014-08-27 |
BR112012011188A2 (pt) | 2021-06-29 |
RU2607635C2 (ru) | 2017-01-10 |
MX2012005463A (es) | 2012-09-12 |
HK1176556A1 (zh) | 2013-08-02 |
EP2498780B1 (en) | 2016-09-07 |
EP2498780A2 (en) | 2012-09-19 |
KR101469334B1 (ko) | 2014-12-04 |
CA2778686C (en) | 2015-07-21 |
US8288381B2 (en) | 2012-10-16 |
US20110086841A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
KR20120105468A (ko) | 2012-09-25 |
CN102711766B (zh) | 2014-06-04 |
ES2596654T3 (es) | 2017-01-11 |
WO2011058027A2 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
WO2011058027A3 (en) | 2011-09-09 |
RU2012123956A (ru) | 2013-12-20 |
JP2013510819A (ja) | 2013-03-28 |
CA2778686A1 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
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