CN102668340A - 使用线圈冷却的水电涡轮机 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/24—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors with channels or ducts for cooling medium between the conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
- H02K9/197—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil in which the rotor or stator space is fluid-tight, e.g. to provide for different cooling media for rotor and stator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/12—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas
- H02K5/132—Submersible electric motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
- H02K7/086—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotor around a fixed spindle; radially supporting the rotor directly
- H02K7/088—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotor around a fixed spindle; radially supporting the rotor directly radially supporting the rotor directly
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供具有定子和转子、固定至转子的磁体阵列和固定至定子的对应线圈阵列的所设置的水电涡轮机,所述涡轮机进一步包括在涡轮机的操作期间用于冷却线圈的构件,所述冷却构件优选地为穿过定子、接近线圈的一个或多个沟槽的形式,以便允许流体流经用于冷却线圈的沟槽。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及水电涡轮机,尤其为用于在潮汐位置中的部署,从而利用潮汐的能量以产生电流,将所述涡轮机改进以提供改善的性能和/或可靠性。
背景技术
由于全球变暖和其它相关问题的威胁,随着大量资源和投资被引入以发展可再生能量的新的或改善的形式,最近几年已观察到可再生能量的领域的显著进展。保留重大潜能的一个特定的领域为在潮汐能的利用中,尤其为通过部署水电涡轮机的海底的使用。以递送始终如一的能量和在没有任何环境影响或其它缺点下,这些涡轮机基本上能每天运行二十四小时。
然而,利用潮汐能提供它自身的挑战,尤其是关于潮汐发电机的安装和维护,例如水-电涡轮机,通过其操作的性质使其必须位于相对快速流动潮汐流中,并且很有可能位于海底上。此外,为了经济上可行,必须将这些涡轮机以大规模制造。因此,涡轮机和相关的基底/支撑体为大的和笨重的组件,并且需要重大的重型吊装和转移设备以达到部署和用于维修目的的取回。这些重型吊装设备的使用通常为危险的任务,以及当将该设备在困难和不稳定的条件的海下操作时,其被认定为更危险。因此,取回过程可能花费一些时间来完成。而且,当将涡轮机定位于海底上时,实施对涡轮机的连续的视觉监控以检查对涡轮机的损害,这通常是可能的或至少经济上可行的。因此,高度期望这些水电涡轮机为相对简单的机器,因此为可靠的,以及其的工作组件具有相当长的使用寿命。最可能遭受损害的组件之一为在电磁回路中使用的线圈,由于大量原因,所述线圈能过热和发生故障,这导致对电磁回路和潜在的涡轮机的其它区域的可能的损害。这会至少导致涡轮机的功率输出的降低,以及可导致涡轮机的完全停止运行或不可操作,因而需要将涡轮机取回和修理。
因此,本发明的目的为克服上述问题。
发明概述
根据本发明,有设置的水电涡轮机,所述水电涡轮机包括定子和转子;固定至所述定子或所述转子之一的磁体阵列;固定至所述定子或所述转子的另一的对应线圈阵列;以及在所述涡轮机的操作期间用于冷却所述线圈的构件。
优选地,所述冷却构件适于利用周围的水以实现所述线圈的冷却。
优选地,所述冷却构件适于促进水流通过或接近所述线圈以实现来自所述线圈的传热。
优选地,将所述定子和所述转子相对彼此来定位以限定它们之间的间隙,以及所述线圈和所述磁体位于所述间隙的相反侧,并且其中所述冷却构件包括适于促进水流经间隙的一个或多个导件。
优选地,将所述一个或多个导件固定至所述转子。
优选地,使用所述涡轮机的一个或多个轴承完整地形成所述一个或多个导件。
优选地,所述轴承包括用于承载轴向负荷的轴承座的环形阵列、一个或多个所述轴承座的前缘或面,在所述转子和所述定子之间相对旋转期间所述轴承的轮廓促进水流经所述间隙。
优选地,将所述线圈安装至所述定子,以及所述冷却构件包括在所述定子中形成的以及穿过接近所述线圈的一个或多个沟槽,所述一个或多个沟槽在各末端对所述周围的水开口以允许水由此流过。
优选地,使用位于潮汐流中所述水电涡轮机将所述一个或多个沟槽定向以延伸至基本上与所述潮汐流的方向成直线。
优选地,所述一个或多个沟槽的末端均位于所述定子的相同侧或表面。
优选地,在所述磁体阵列的相邻磁体之间设置间隙。
附图简述
图1示出根据本发明的第一实施方案的水电涡轮机的截面的示意图;
图2示出在图1中示出的涡轮机的透视图;
图3示出根据本发明的涡轮机的可选择的实施方案的示意图;以及
图4图示根据本发明的水电涡轮机的进一步可选择的实施方案。
发明详述
现参照附图的图1和2,有通常指示为10的示出的水电涡轮机的第一实施方案,其适于设置为对于形成涡轮机10的部分电磁回路的电磁的线圈(未显示)的冷却。
涡轮机10的主要组件为定子12,将转子14安装在所述定子12内用于旋转。如本领域众所周知,通常将涡轮机10配置使得在定子12和转子14之一或另一者上设置线圈阵列(未显示),定子12和转子14的另一者对应系列的磁体(未显示)来设置。将线圈和磁体布置在定子12和转子14之间设置的间隙16的相反侧上。转子14包括外轮缘18和内轮缘20,在它们之间安装有桨叶阵列22。在定子12内将外轮缘18有效地封闭,从而通过间隙16将所述外轮缘18隔离。在涡轮机10的操作期间,在定子12和转子14之间的相对运动驱使磁体和线圈彼此通过,这在线圈中引起电流,然后以任何合适的方式将所述电流从涡轮机10中引出。通过涡轮机10的线圈的电流导致在线圈中产生热,热量的水平越高,线圈的效率越低,并且损坏线圈或周围组件的风险越大。
因此,本发明的涡轮机10适于诱导水流通过或接近上述的线圈以实现线圈的冷却,因此保证其一致的和有效的操作。在外轮缘18上设置轴承座24的阵列,其一起限定在定子12和转子14之间的主要的径向轴承以防在操作时它们之间的接触。至少一些、以及优选为所有的轴承座24形成涡轮机10的冷却构件,因此在转子14相对于定子12的旋转期间适于迫使水通过间隙16以实现线圈的冷却。轴承座24设置具有倾斜的或有轮廓的前缘26,所述前缘26用于驱使周围的水向上和越过轴承座24以及穿过间隙16。在涡轮机10的外轮缘18或任何其它部分上的另外的叶片(未显示)或表面形成物可设置为改善或增加轴承座24的该功能。此外,磁体阵列的相邻的磁体彼此稍微隔离,并且相邻的磁体之间的该空间有助于促进水流通过间隙16。
现在回到图3,其描述通常指示为110的根据本发明的水电涡轮机的可选择的实施方案。在该可选择的实施方案中,类似的组件记录为类似的附图标记,以及除非另有说明其执行类似的功能。涡轮机110还包括定子112和转子114,所述转子114安装以相对于定子112旋转。通过间隙116将定子112和转子114分离,所述间隙116对周围的水开口。转子114包括外轮缘118和内轮缘120,桨叶122的环形阵列安装在它们之间。线圈阵列30安装在定子112上,并且朝向穿过间隙116的外轮缘118。因此,对应磁体阵列(未显示)安装在外轮缘118上。
涡轮机110进一步包括以在定子112中形成的沟槽32的形式的冷却构件,所述沟槽32从定子112的一侧延伸至另一侧,以允许水由此流过。沟槽32定位于接近线圈的背面,从而允许水流经沟槽32以使热量从线圈30中消耗。因此,该实施方案提供线圈30的被动冷却,因为未将水驱使通过沟槽32,而是在潮汐的影响下简单地由此流过。然而,理解,能将构件设置为主动地驱使或泵送水通过沟槽32。通过涡轮机110产生的动力还能以机械或电力的方式为这些泵送构件提供动力。
现在回到图4,其描述通常指示为210的水电涡轮机的进一步可选择的实施方案。在该实施方案中,类似的组件再次记录为类似的附图标记,以及除非另有说明其执行类似的功能。涡轮机210包括定子212和转子214,通过间隙216将它们彼此分离。转子214包括外轮缘218和内轮缘220,桨叶222的环形阵列安装在它们之间。
在定子212中形成一对沟槽232,所述沟槽232基本上为U形的,各沟槽232的末端均在定子212的相同面上开口。沟槽232延伸至接近线圈(未显示)的后面的位置以使在涡轮机210的操作期间来自线圈的热量传递最大化。沟槽232可部分或全部为螺旋状以增加沟槽232的有效长度,从而改善其热量传递能力。
因此,应当理解,本发明的涡轮机10,110,210提供在操作期间从线圈中消耗热量的简单但有效的构件。冷却构件通常不需要任何另外的移动部件,从而维持涡轮机10,110,210的简单性以及因此维持可靠性。
Claims (11)
1.一种水电涡轮机,包括定子和转子;固定至所述定子或所述转子之一的磁体阵列;固定至所述定子或所述转子的另一的对应线圈阵列;以及在所述涡轮机的操作期间用于冷却所述线圈的构件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水电涡轮机,其中所述冷却构件适于利用周围的水以实现所述线圈的冷却。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的水电涡轮机,其中所述冷却构件适于促进水流通过或接近所述线圈以实现来自所述线圈的传热。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的水电涡轮机,其中将所述定子和所述转子相对彼此来定位以限定它们之间的间隙,以及所述线圈和所述磁体位于所述间隙的相反侧,并且其中所述冷却构件包括适于促进水流经间隙的一个或多个导件。
5.根据权利要求4所述的水电涡轮机,其中将所述一个或多个导件固定至所述转子。
6.根据权利要求5所述的水电涡轮机,其中使用所述涡轮机的一个或多个轴承完整地形成所述一个或多个导件。
7.根据权利要求6所述的水电涡轮机,其中所述轴承包括用于承载轴向负荷的轴承座的环形阵列、一个或多个所述轴承座的前缘或面,在所述转子和所述定子之间相对旋转期间所述轴承的轮廓促进水流经所述间隙。
8.根据前述权利要求所述的水电涡轮机,其中将所述线圈安装至所述定子,以及所述冷却构件包括在所述定子中形成的以及穿过接近所述线圈的一个或多个沟槽,所述一个或多个沟槽在各末端对所述周围的水开口以允许水由此流过。
9.根据权利要求8所述的水电涡轮机,其中使用位于潮汐流中所述水电涡轮机将所述一个或多个沟槽定向以延伸至基本上与所述潮汐流的方向成直线。
10.根据权利要求8所述的水电涡轮机,其中所述一个或多个沟槽的末端均位于所述定子的相同侧或表面。
11.根据前述权利要求所述的水电涡轮机,其中在所述磁体阵列的相邻磁体之间设置间隙。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP09171671.2 | 2009-09-29 | ||
EP09171671A EP2302766B1 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2009-09-29 | A hydroelectric turbine with coil cooling |
PCT/EP2010/064477 WO2011039267A2 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-29 | A hydroelectric turbine with coil cooling |
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CN102668340A true CN102668340A (zh) | 2012-09-12 |
CN102668340B CN102668340B (zh) | 2014-09-17 |
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CN201080043239.7A Expired - Fee Related CN102668340B (zh) | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-29 | 使用线圈冷却的水电涡轮机 |
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US (1) | US8933598B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2302766B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5735514B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101777759B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102668340B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2010303017B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2775659C (zh) |
MY (1) | MY154218A (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ598955A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2011039267A2 (zh) |
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- 2010-09-29 MY MYPI2012001346A patent/MY154218A/en unknown
- 2010-09-29 AU AU2010303017A patent/AU2010303017B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2010-09-29 NZ NZ598955A patent/NZ598955A/en unknown
- 2010-09-29 CN CN201080043239.7A patent/CN102668340B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2010-09-29 JP JP2012530296A patent/JP5735514B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-09-29 KR KR1020127010380A patent/KR101777759B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20120091108A (ko) | 2012-08-17 |
US8933598B2 (en) | 2015-01-13 |
CA2775659A1 (en) | 2011-04-07 |
AU2010303017B2 (en) | 2016-07-28 |
CA2775659C (en) | 2017-12-05 |
EP2302766B1 (en) | 2013-03-13 |
WO2011039267A2 (en) | 2011-04-07 |
AU2010303017A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
JP5735514B2 (ja) | 2015-06-17 |
MY154218A (en) | 2015-05-15 |
EP2302766A3 (en) | 2011-04-27 |
KR101777759B1 (ko) | 2017-09-12 |
CN102668340B (zh) | 2014-09-17 |
US20120235412A1 (en) | 2012-09-20 |
WO2011039267A3 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
EP2302766A2 (en) | 2011-03-30 |
NZ598955A (en) | 2014-02-28 |
JP2013506393A (ja) | 2013-02-21 |
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