CN102666071B - 将附件固定到玻璃或异型带饰上的方法、用于该件的固定的固定装置以及通过该方法获得的玻璃 - Google Patents

将附件固定到玻璃或异型带饰上的方法、用于该件的固定的固定装置以及通过该方法获得的玻璃 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102666071B
CN102666071B CN201080054718.9A CN201080054718A CN102666071B CN 102666071 B CN102666071 B CN 102666071B CN 201080054718 A CN201080054718 A CN 201080054718A CN 102666071 B CN102666071 B CN 102666071B
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lding
glass
extension
hole
special
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CN102666071A (zh
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A.韦拉
L.弗鲁瓦萨尔
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
    • B29C65/606—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
    • B29C65/606—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking
    • B29C65/607—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking the integral rivets being hollow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/64—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force
    • B29C65/645—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force using friction or ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7315—Mechanical properties
    • B29C66/73151—Hardness
    • B29C66/73152—Hardness of different hardness, i.e. the hardness of one of the parts to be joined being different from the hardness of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/746—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29C66/742 - B29C66/744
    • B29C66/7465—Glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B29C66/81429—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J10/00—Sealing arrangements
    • B60J10/20—Sealing arrangements characterised by the shape
    • B60J10/26—Sealing arrangements characterised by the shape characterised by the surface shape
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J10/00—Sealing arrangements
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
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    • B29C66/14—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections the joint having the same thickness as the thickness of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
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    • B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
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  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于将塑料制成的附件(2)如装饰件固定到玻璃(1)的周边尤其是固定到该玻璃(1)的周边上的异型带饰(3)上的方法，所述附件(2)具有包括用来将其固定到所述玻璃(1)或所述异型带饰(3)上的固定装置的后表面(21)。本发明的特征在于该后表面(21)包括多个延伸部分(22,22’)，这些延伸部分每一个均穿入设置在所述异型带饰(3)或所述玻璃(1)中并分别在异型带饰(3)或玻璃(1)的相对的两个表面上的其两个末端处开口的孔(10,10’)中，各延伸部分的远端(23,23’)通过临时软化而变形，优选地通过应用超声波，以便在孔(10,10’)的周边处且优选地在孔(10,10’)的整个周边上与所述异型带饰或所述玻璃的后表面(31)形成接触。

Description

将附件固定到玻璃或异型带饰上的方法、用于该件的固定的 固定装置以及通过该方法获得的玻璃
技术领域
本发明涉及在玻璃上实现异型带饰的领域。
其还尤其涉及将塑料的附件如装饰件固定到玻璃的周边上。
本发明因而涉及将塑料的附件如装饰件固定到玻璃的周边上、且尤其是固定在玻璃的周边上的异型带饰的一部分上的方法，所述附件具有包括用于将其固定到所述玻璃或所述异型带饰上的固定装置的后表面。
背景技术
现有技术中已知国际专利申请No. WO 2007/003823，其涉及一种使用柔性夹的用于异型带饰的异型装饰件的夹持系统，该柔性夹用于将附件固定到玻璃上。
根据该文献，上面的配合部分包括至少一个突出的公元件或凹陷的母元件，此元件分别与设置在异型带饰中的凹陷的母元件或突出的公元件配合，所述凹陷的母元件具有至少部分地小于所述突出的公元件的外部尺寸的内部尺寸。
此配合因而为“榫头-榫眼”型，在元件的表面的至少一部分之间具有摩擦效果。
此装置的一个重要优点在于固定系统的可靠性：其允许将处于尤其是振动的极端条件下的异型装饰件保持就位。
然而，此系统使异型带饰的设计复杂化，并必须构思具有特殊公区域或母区域的特殊异型带饰。
尤其是，此系统必须以大精度定位夹子，使得上面的配合部分与设置在异型带饰中的对应部分正确地配合，而这样的精确定位是难以机械化的(其仅能手动实现)，这造成实施时的超额费用。
现有技术还已知国际专利申请No. WO 2008/084076，其涉及将装饰件直接固定在异型带饰上的系统，没有中间件，此固定通过用位于装饰件的后表面上并具有箭头形状的延伸部分刺破异型带饰而实施。
为了将装饰件固定在异型带饰上，则需要精确地将装饰件相对于异型带饰定位并在装饰件的外表面(装饰性的)上产生压力以便箭头穿过该异型带饰。
然而，由于异型带饰的材料确保密封功能，因此其必须具有相当高的机械耐力，且用于引起穿透的压力也必须非常高。
要实施此系统是复杂的，因为装饰件抵靠异型带饰的压力必须很高但同时又是精确的，以使得该箭头正确地穿透带饰，在压力的作用下不会弯曲。其同样是非常难以机械化的。
另外，其难以不冒损坏装饰件的前表面(装饰性的)的风险而实施。
发明内容
本发明的目的是通过提出一种将附件如装饰件固定到异型带饰或直接固定到玻璃上的系统来弥补现有技术的缺点，其不需要在装饰件的固定期间将装饰件相对于异型带饰或玻璃非常精确地定位，且其是机械化的，就是说装饰件组件可以通过单个自动装置以单次工业操作进行固定。
所追求的一个本质目标因而是提供一个台位，其允许以单次操作固定要固定在至少一个玻璃、甚至同时固定在多个玻璃上的一个(或一些)附件。
根据本发明的此解决方案此外是易于实施且同时是可靠的(装饰件在其固定之后不会容易被取下)。
本发明因而在其最广的含义内涉及根据权利要求1所述的一种方法。其因而涉及将塑料的附件如装饰件固定到玻璃的周边上(塑料玻璃或穿孔玻璃的情形)、且尤其是固定在玻璃的周边上的异型带饰的一部分上的方法，所述附件具有包括用于将其固定到所述玻璃或所述异型带饰上的固定装置的后表面。所述后表面包括多个延伸部分，其每个都伸入设置在所述异型带饰或所述玻璃中、并且分别在所述异型带饰或所述玻璃的两个相对的面上(该附件的前表面和后表面)的末端处开口的孔中，每个延伸部分的远端(就是说与连接到后表面上的末端相对的延伸部分的末端)分别突出限定该孔的所述异型带饰或所述玻璃的后表面(且更确切地说孔的周边的至少一部分)，且每个延伸部分的所述远端通过临时软化优选通过应用超声波而变形，以在孔的周边处且优选地在孔的整个周边上与所述异型带饰或所述玻璃的后表面形成接触。
此处使用的前/后的概念并不指代安装根据本发明的玻璃的车辆的前进方向，而是要理解为指代车辆的车身：前表面指朝向车辆的外部定向的面，而后表面指朝向车辆的内部定向的面。
根据本发明，在延伸部分的远端的软化期间，位于此远端和延伸部分连接到附件上的末端之间的元件(异型带饰或玻璃本身)被容纳并阻挡在软化的远端和附件的后表面之间。
此软化为使得穿过元件(异型带饰或玻璃本身)中预先设置的孔的延伸部分的远端产生变形，从而使此远端不能再重新穿过该孔：其外截面变得大于孔的内截面。
当然，该软化然后在软化源被撤除后随之是延伸部分材料的硬化，且该远端因而固定在其变形的形状上。
当附件直接固定在异型带饰上时，在此软化期间，附件的硬塑料因而将异型带饰的软塑料“夹在”附件的后表面与延伸部分的软化的远端之间。在变形的远端硬化后，此作用导致异型带饰压缩，并降低在附件和异型带饰之间出现游隙的风险；实际上，这样的游隙是有害的，因为它会使得附件在某些摆动的作用下开始震动，并且这对于玻璃以及包括该玻璃的车辆的美观而言是不可接受的。
通常，在此处认为软塑料为那些在工作后具有等于或小于110肖氏A(通常在50到110肖氏A的范围内，包括这些值)硬度的材料，例如TPE, PVC, PU, EPDM, ...；硬塑料为那些在工作后具有大于110肖氏A硬度或包括在30到100肖氏D范围内(包括这些值)硬度的材料，例如PC, ABS, ABS-PC, ...。
延伸部分固定在附件的后表面上；其相对于此附件不可移动；在软化期间其仅减小长度且其远端的外截面增大。延伸部分与附件形成一体：其与附件同时生产(例如通过模制)，或者非常牢固地固定在附件上。
延伸部分具有伸长的形状并因此沿其长度具有两个末端。其与附件同时生产，尤其是在附件通过模制生产时，或者固定在附件的内表面上，例如通过焊接或粘接。
延伸部分的一端(近端)因此连接在附件的内表面上。本发明上下文中称为“远端”的是远离附件的内表面的延伸部分的末端，且其不连接到附件的内表面上。
延伸部分的远端指突出设置在异型带饰或玻璃本身中的孔的延伸部分的任何部分，且其中延伸部分是部分隐藏的。
根据本发明，附件的每个延伸部分在软化随后硬化之后在突出的远端和附件的后表面之间具有轻微的拉伸应力。
延伸部分的远端的软化优选地通过应用处于25到70kHz频段内且又优选地处于30到35kHz的频段内的超声波而实施。
然而，对于延伸部分的远端的软化也可能通过利用热源通过热传导进行加热而实现，该热源例如处于大约150到200℃温度下的金属杆。
在该方法的一个特定变型中，至少在软化的一部分时间期间且优选在软化的整个期间、甚至在更长的期间在所述远端上施加机械压力(且特别地，该压力可在撤除软化源之后维持1到10秒的时间；此机械压力可能造成延伸部分的远端被压平)。
在该方法的一个完全特定的变型中，多个延伸部分(且优选地附件的所有延伸部分)的远端通过临时软化(优选地也通过应用超声波)同时变形，以同时在孔的周边(且优选地在孔的整个周边)处与所述异型带饰或所述玻璃的后表面形成接触。
本发明还涉及用于实施根据本发明的方法的装置，其包括至少一个软化源，且尤其是至少一个超声波源，且优选地包括可同时工作的多个软化源。
本发明因而还涉及利用软化源且尤其是至少一个超声波源，甚至利用同时工作的多个软化源以实施根据本发明的方法。
本发明还涉及一种玻璃，尤其是通过根据本发明的方法获得的玻璃，其包括塑料的附件，诸如装饰件，其固定在玻璃的周边上，且其尤其固定在异型带饰的一部分上，该异型带饰本身固定在玻璃的周边上，所述附件具有包括固定装置的后表面，固定装置用于将附件固定在所述玻璃或所述异型带饰上。附件的所述后表面包括多个延伸部分，延伸部分的每一个穿入设置在所述异型带饰或所述玻璃中、并且分别在所述异型带饰或所述玻璃的两个相对的面上的末端处开口的孔中，所述延伸部分的远端突出限定该孔的所述玻璃或所述异型带饰的后表面，并且各延伸部分的所述远端通过软化(优选地通过应用超声波)而变形，以在孔的周边处且优选地在孔的整个周边上与所述玻璃或所述异型带饰的所述后表面形成接触。
远端已通过软化变形的事实可通过简单地查看玻璃而肯定地确定，因为如此变形的远端不能穿过孔，并且不会见到任何纯粹机械变形的痕迹(例如尖点或折叠线)；此外，通过软化的变形优选地对远端表面的外观以及隆起的出现和/或颜色的改变造成变化。
塑料的附件优选地仅通过根据本发明的延伸部分固定在玻璃的周边上。
根据本发明的一个变型，多个孔(且优选地延伸部分穿过其中的所有孔)沿空间上平行的轴线A, A’定向。
根据本发明的一个变型，多个延伸部分(且优选地附件的所有延伸部分)沿空间上平行的轴线B, B’定向。包括孔的元件(异型带饰或玻璃)，如果其通过模制生产，则易于脱模。
在本发明的一个变型中，多个延伸部分(且优选地附件的所有延伸部分)每一个均沿轴线B定向，大体上垂直于所述附件的所述后表面。
在本发明的另一个变型中，所述附件具有非平坦的形状，在延伸部分的部位具有延伸部分的轴线B与所述附件的后表面之间的角度α，其不同于在另一个延伸部分的部位此另一个延伸部分的轴线B’和所述附件的后表面之间的角度α’。
根据本发明的一个变型，一个(且优选地每个)延伸部分具有优选中空的截面以及圆形、椭圆形、矩形或正方形的外截面，且所述(且优选每个)孔具有形状分别与所述延伸部分的外截面形状相同的内截面。
根据本发明的一个变型，该(且优选地每个)孔的内截面至少在其远端处(甚至在若干毫米的部分上)与所述延伸部分在此末端附近的外截面大致相同(在异型带饰中的孔的情况下甚至略小)，且优选地该(且优选每个)孔的内截面在所述孔的整个厚度上与所述延伸部分的外截面大致相同(在异型带饰中的孔的情况下甚至略小)。
根据本发明的一个变型，至少在该(且优选地每个)孔的周边处，所述异型带饰或所述玻璃的所述前表面大致平行于所述附件的所述后表面。从而可能将附件的后表面压靠在异型带饰或玻璃的前表面上，且附件的主要部分从而分别压靠在异型带饰或玻璃上而没有延伸部分的拉伸内部应力作用。
根据本发明的一个变型，在该孔的部位的所述异型带饰或所述玻璃的所述后表面垂直于孔的轴线，甚至延伸部分的轴线。
根据本发明的一个变型，所述附件具有伸长的形状并且优选地所述延伸部分具有沿所述附件的伸长方向延伸的伸长截面。
根据本发明的一个变型，该(且优选地每个)孔的远端在该孔的周边处在其周边的至少一部分(且优选地在其整个周边)上包括相对于所述玻璃或所述异型带饰的后表面突出定位的隆起。
根据本发明的一个变型，该(且优选地每个)孔的远端在该孔的周边处在其周边的至少一部分(且优选地在其整个周边)上包括相对于所述玻璃或所述异型带饰的后表面收缩定位的凹陷。
本发明的一个重大优点在于如下事实，即其不需要以高精度将附件定位在异型带饰或玻璃本身对面(如果它直接定位成穿过该玻璃)；当延伸部分组件穿过相关的孔时，附件自然地被引向异型带饰或玻璃。
本发明的另一个重大优点在于如下事实，即从而非常可靠地实现固定，同时易于操作：其易于重复，易于自动化(部分或完全)，同时允许将附件相对于异型带饰或玻璃本身牢固地保持就位。与如专利申请WO 2008/084076中所述的那样试图使箭头穿过异型带饰的材料相比，使延伸部分在已有的孔中穿过更简单。
此外，此固定对于震动非常容忍：传播至异型带饰和玻璃的震动对于附件的固定没有任何影响，且当然不会使异型带饰(或玻璃本身)与附件之间的连接劣化。
此外，虽然异型带饰(或玻璃本身)与附件之间的连接是可靠的，但它也易于拆除以便回收玻璃：一旦玻璃从车身脱离，易于再一次临时软化该远端以取下附件。
所有这些优点在附件仅通过延伸部分固定到玻璃的周边上，而没有任何其它机械固定装置或任何其它化学固定装置(胶水)时是特别有意义的。
有利的是，根据本发明的系统允许实现至少一个中间件在异型带饰或玻璃上的固定，而该异型带饰没有对于附件任何特别的复杂形状，因为此特异性该形状难以设计和实现(尤其是对于模制)，且不需要在附件和异型带饰或玻璃之间存在中间件。
附图说明
在阅读以下非限制性实施例以及附图的详细说明之后，将更好地理解本发明：
－图1图示了车辆的后左方安装的玻璃的透视图，其具有安装在异型带饰上的异型装饰件，该异型装饰件以及异型带饰在玻璃的下前部以切面图示；
－图2和3图示了实心圆柱形延伸部分分别在其通过临时软化变形前后的轴向剖切视图；
－图4图示了在将该装饰件固定到异型带饰上之前沿图1的玻璃的底侧面的剖切视图；
－图5图示了在将该装饰件固定到异型带饰上之后沿图1的玻璃的底侧面的剖切视图；
－图6图示了车辆的后右方安装的玻璃的透视图，其具有安装在异型带饰上的异型装饰件，该玻璃在前部部分地剖切；
－图7图示了沿图6的剖面线S1和S2的截面；
－图8图示了图6的附件的并列的两个剖面S1和S2的侧面视图；
－图9图示了本发明的另一个实施例；
－图10用五个步骤图示了中空延伸部分的远端的临时软化；
－图11和12分别图示了伸长的延伸部分在其通过临时软化变形前的剖切视图和透视图；
－图13图示了图11和12的延伸部分在其通过临时软化变形后的透视图；
－图14图示了管状延伸部分在其通过临时软化变形之前的剖切视图；
－图15和16图示了图14的延伸部分的两种可能变形，分别具有施加的机械压力以及没有施加的此类压力；以及
－图17到19图示了孔的远端的三个实施例。
这些附图中，为了便于阅览，没有严格遵循不同元件之间的比例，且背景中的元件通常没有表现。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及将附件2(如装饰件)安装并固定到玻璃1的周边上，且尤其是车辆的玻璃。
根据本发明，有两种可能的方式将附件安装到玻璃上：
－情形C，该附件直接固定在玻璃1的玻璃元件5上，
－情形D，该附件通过异型带饰3间接固定在玻璃1上。
图1图示了装配有固定在车辆的车身4上的玻璃1的机动车辆后端，且在玻璃的周边上实施了本发明意义上的软塑料异型带饰3。
构成异型带饰3的聚合物材料可为热塑性材料(PVC, TPE, ...)，聚氨酯或者备选地EPDM型的合成橡胶，或者可为任何其它适当的软塑料。
异型带饰3通过实施称为“封装”的制造方法而生产，因为该方法包括在模制装置中在两个模制元件之间模制异型带饰3的步骤，一个模制元件接纳玻璃的内表面，一个模制元件接纳玻璃的外表面，这两个模制元件在模制步骤期间一个在另一个之上而再闭合。
在图1中，异型带饰3设置在玻璃1的整个周边上，但此异型带饰可能只定位在玻璃的周边的一部分上，或者玻璃的任意部分上。图1中可见的玻璃的表面是玻璃的外表面。
为了改善玻璃的美学外观，从车辆的外部可见的异型带饰3的一部分通过异型装饰件遮罩，该异型装饰件在此仅在玻璃的底部设置，但其也可在玻璃的整个周边上和/或在玻璃的任意部分上设置。
在此用作异型装饰件的附件2为本发明意义上的硬塑料，且例如可基于苯乙烯丁腈橡胶(ABS)，聚碳酸苯乙烯丁腈橡胶(ABS-PC)，聚酰胺苯乙烯丁腈橡胶(ABS-PA)，聚丙烯(PP)，丙烯腈苯乙烯丙烯酸(ASA)，聚碳酸酯(PC)，聚酰胺(PA)，……或者任何其它合适的硬塑料。附件2基于塑料且因而可包括填料尤其是矿物填料，如玻璃纤维，或者在其前表面上覆盖一(或多)层且尤其是一层装饰物。
附件2具有从外部看为装饰性表面的前表面20；此前表面例如可覆盖面层，该面层赋予金属外观且尤其是铬金属。
附件2此外具有朝向内部定向的后表面21。此后表面包括固定装置，用于将附件直接固定到所述玻璃1上(情形C，通过与玻璃的玻璃元件的直接接触)或者用于通过异型带饰3间接固定到玻璃上(情形D)。
玻璃1的玻璃元件5是单片玻璃元件，就是说由单一的材料薄片构成，或者是复合玻璃元件，就是说由多个材料薄片构成，薄片之间在层状玻璃的情况下插入至少一个粘附材料层，或者在多层玻璃的情况下(双层玻璃、三层玻璃……)至少一个插入空间。该(或那些)材料薄层可以为矿物质，尤其是玻璃质，或者有机物，尤其是塑料。
在用于车辆的玻璃的情况下，该玻璃通常至少部分地在其周边具有装饰带M。此装饰带通常来自珐琅质的沉积，该沉积在玻璃的内表面上或用于复合玻璃的玻璃的插入表面上实施，而其也可来自所使用的材料的薄片的部分和/或周边的着色，尤其是有机材料的薄片。
根据本发明，为了将塑料的附件2固定到玻璃1的周边上，一方面在附件的后表面21上形成延伸部分22，另一方面预先直接在玻璃的玻璃元件中(情形C)或者异型带饰3中(情形D)形成孔10；为了固定附件2，延伸部分被引入这些孔10，随后突出孔之外的每个延伸部分的远端通过临时软化变形，以便在孔10的周边处对应于那些延伸部分所处的位置与玻璃元件的后表面形成接触(情形C)，或者在孔10的周边处对应于延伸部分所处的位置与异型带饰3的后表面形成接触(情形D)。
为了能够将延伸部分22引入孔10，需要孔10在其两个末端处在玻璃1的所述玻璃元件(情形C)或所述异型带饰3(情形D)的两个相对表面上开口：
－情形C：孔10在其近端14处开口，该末端最靠近附件的后表面21，通向玻璃元件的前表面(此情形同样发生在朝向外部的表面上)并且在其远端13处开口通向玻璃元件的后表面(此情形同样发生在朝向内部的表面上)；
－情形D：孔10在其近端14处开口，该末端最靠近附件的后表面21，通向异型带饰3的前表面30(此情形同样发生在朝向外部的表面上)并且在其远端13处开口通向异型带饰3的后表面31(此情形同样发生在朝向内部的表面上)。
孔10优选是预先实现的，因为其在将延伸部分引入其中之前存在于玻璃(情形C)或异型带饰(情形D)中；它们优选地在分别制造玻璃或异型带饰时实现。在玻璃质的玻璃元件的情况下，这些孔在玻璃薄板的制造之后而在引入延伸部分之前穿孔。
这些孔10可以具有圆形或椭圆形的内截面15。因为在其中产生它们的元件通常本身通过模制制造，这些孔需要易于脱模。这些孔10也具有轴线A。
为了能够进行头部操作，就是说通过延伸部分22的远端23的临时软化进行变形，每个延伸部分22的远端23均突出在限定孔10的周界的玻璃元件(情形C)或异型带饰3(情形D)的后表面之外。
该头部操作优选地通过应用处于25到70kHz频段内且又优选地处于30到35kHz的频段内的超声波而实施。
延伸部分22通常形成为附件的整体部分，就是说整个附件，连同其延伸部分，均通过模制一起形成；然而，其不排除延伸部分本身独立于附件的主要部分而制造，并且然后例如通过粘附贴靠在附件的后表面21上。
头部操作优选地在每个孔的整个周边上实施，就是说延伸部分22的远端23在其整个周界上变形，以便远端的材料在变形后存在于每个孔10的整个周界上。
根据本发明的一个特定方面，附件仅通过在其远端处头部化的延伸部分而固定在玻璃的周边上，这些远端突出玻璃元件(情形C)或异型带饰3(情形D)的孔之外。
为了简单，在本说明书的后文，仅描述情形D，即通过将延伸部分置于设置在异型带饰中的孔10中来间接将附件固定到玻璃上，但应该理解的是孔10也可直接设置在玻璃元件中(情形C)。
在通过模制制造附件期间，位于此附件的前表面和后表面之间的主要部分不一定沿其整个长度具有相同的厚度。因而可能该主要部分在遭受最密集的应力的部位更厚，且在遭受较少应力的部位更薄。
每个孔10的内截面15至少在其远端13处与接近孔10的此远端13的所述延伸部分22的外截面25是大致相同的(在异型带饰3中的孔的情形D下甚至稍小)。
也可能在若干毫米(1到5mm)的部分上，各孔10的内截面15与所述延伸部分22在所述孔10的整个深度p上的外截面25大致相同(在异型带饰3中的孔的情形D下甚至稍小)。
该延伸部分22(且优选地附件的每个延伸部分)在相对其轴线B的横截面上可具有可为圆形、椭圆形、矩形或正方形的外截面25。接纳此延伸部分的孔10(且优选地接纳这样的延伸部分的每个孔)优选地具有分别与延伸部分22的外截面25相同的圆形、椭圆形、矩形或正方形的内截面15。
图2图示了具有完整圆形截面的简单的延伸部分22，其在延伸部分的周边处大体上垂直于附件2的后表面而延伸。延伸部分正好定位于在引入延伸部分之前形成的孔10中，且延伸部分的轴线B与孔10的轴线A重合。
然而，如果孔具有大于延伸部分的横截面的横截面且又假设附件的至少一个延伸部分为使得在定位在孔10中之后，延伸部分的轴线B不与孔10的轴线A重合的情况下，也可能将附件的其中一个(或数个)延伸部分制造成使得在定位在孔10中之后，延伸部分的轴线B不与孔10的轴线A重合。此可能性在此未图示。
图3图示了在头部操作之后延伸部分22的远端23。因为软化的材料容纳在半球形的靠模中，进行了头部操作的远端23具有半球形的形状(半个球体或者小于半个球体)。
如对照图2和3可见的，头部的形成具有将附件2的后表面21向异型带饰3的前表面30拉得更近的效果。延伸部分22因而在头部操作后的远端23与后表面21之间具有轻微的内部拉伸应力，且异型带饰3因而在其与后表面21接触的外表面30和与头部操作后的远端23接触的内表面31之间存在轻微的内部挤压应力。
此效应也可在延伸部分22被引入直接设置在玻璃元件中的孔(情形C)期间且远端23直接在穿孔的玻璃元件的后表面上进行头部操作时获得。
附件2在将玻璃固定在车身的窗洞中之前被固定在玻璃上。车身4在图5中图示为用于安装远端23且该远端23不妨碍将玻璃固定在车身的窗洞中。
在图4中所示的版本中，远端23的长度t在头部操作前为4mm左右，且所述孔10的深度u从其近端到其远端为最少2mm(此处为6mm)。
为了能够将附件的所有延伸部分引入对应的孔，孔10可为共轴的：它们全部具有轴线且孔10的所有轴线在空间上平行。
这对于图4和5的此变型是相对容易的，因为延伸部分22每个都沿轴线B定向，大体上垂直于附件2的后表面21。
当孔的轴线A不垂直于附件2的后表面21且相对于附件2的后表面都具有相同的角度时，情形会更加复杂。
当孔的轴线A相对于附件2的后表面21具有不同的角度时，情形又会更复杂。
联系图6到8所示的本发明的变型这尤其可见。
在本发明的此变型中，附件具有不平坦的复杂形状：在延伸部分22的部位附件2具有延伸部分22的轴线B和所述附件2的后表面21之间的角度α，其不同于在另一个延伸部分22’的部位此另一个延伸部分22’的轴线B’与所述附件2的后表面21之间的角度α’。
在图7中，尚未形成头部。
在实施此变型期间，不管孔10,10’的轴线A, A’在空间中相对于附件2的后表面的定向如何，延伸部分22在孔10中的引入方向为在空间上是平行的轴线A, A’的方向；轴线B,B’在空间上也是平行的，并且在将延伸部分引入孔中之后与孔的轴线重合。
在此情况下，软化源的应用方向优选地为轴线A的方向。
在图9图示的变型中，异型带饰3是不同时制造的两个部分。
异型带饰3的第一部分3a不通过在玻璃上封装制造，而是预制的，并且具有接纳玻璃的侧面的凹陷(顶部的图)；而玻璃的整个周界插入在异型带饰的凹陷中(从上面数的第2幅图)。
此第一部分3a包括一部分孔10，此处仅呈现了一个孔。
将可能将附件定位成使得延伸部分穿过孔，随后临时软化这些延伸部分的远端以形成头部。
然而，在此处，抵靠异型带饰的第一部分3a的外表面定位异型带饰3的第二部分，以便增加完整的异型带饰(由第一部分3a和第二部分3b构成)的内表面31与其外表面30之间的距离(从上面数的第3幅图)。
此第二部分3b可另外允许实现底部，附件可以支承在该底部上。该第二部分3b也具有用于通过延伸部分的孔。其可由甚至比第一部分3a更软的材料制成。
因而可以根据一方面对由软塑料制成的异型带饰3的第一部分3a且另一方面对由软塑料制成的异型带饰3的第二部分3b的要求而结合具有不同特性的两种材料。
之后(从上面数第4幅图)附件定位在第二部分3b上，以使得延伸部分穿过孔，而延伸部分的远端被临时软化以便形成头部(从上面数第5幅图)。
在此构造中，如图9的图案中可见的，延伸部分22是实心的且大体上垂直于所述附件2的后表面21延伸。
此外在此构造中，如图9的图案中可见的，异型带饰的后表面31(尽管这也可能是玻璃本身的后表面)至少在孔10的周边处大体上平行于所述附件2的后表面21(且优选地在每个孔的周边处大体上平行于后表面21)。
在图9的此变型中，有可能第一部分3a通过封装制造而第二部分3b也通过封装而后制造。
在此构造中，同样异型带饰在附件的后表面和延伸部分的软化远端之间产生挤压。
图10图示了用于实施根据本发明的方法的装置8以及如何操作该装置。
此装置包括软化源9，其为超声波源，对于所有延伸部分都是同一个。该源的工作频率为35kHz且发生器的功率为400W。
此处附件由具有80肖氏D硬度的ABS-PC制成。延伸部分22是管状的，在其整个长度上具有恒定的截面，具有6mm的外直径以及厚度为1mm的壁。远端在软化前具有4mm的长度。异型带饰的塑料为具有60肖氏A硬度的聚氨酯。
图形10.1图示了将超声波源靠近远端23。
图形10.2图示了使超声波源与远端23形成接触。
图形10.3图示了没有超声波作用的远端23的临时软化的开始。
图形10.4图示了没有超声波作用的远端23的临时软化的结束。
图形10.5图示了进行头部操作后的远端23，就是说在临时软化且远端的材料硬化之后。远端23的变形在撤除软化源9之后是永久性的。
这些图形还描绘了在图示的情形中，软化的材料包含在金属的靠模中；此靠模形成半球形的头部化的远端23，且在其中心具有圆形的孔。将此靠模抵靠在远端上应用4到5秒钟的时间，从而获得图10.5中可见的软化。
在本发明的另一个版本中，装置8包括多个软化源，这些软化源被同时应用，以同时对附件的所有远端进行头部操作。
软化源的应用方向P优选地为对于每个延伸部分而言延伸部分的轴线B的方向。
图11和12图示了一个变型，根据该变型所述附件2具有伸长的形状，且延伸部分22也具有伸长的截面，其沿着所述附件的伸长方向延伸。在此情况下优选的是，附件的所有延伸部分都具有伸长的截面，其沿着所述附件的伸长的方向延伸。
在此变型中，延伸部分22的远端23因而沿伸长的方向被头部化。
图13图示了在头部操作后具有正方形截面的延伸部分22的远端23。
图14图示了一种变型，根据该变型延伸部分22(且优选地附件的每个延伸部分)具有中空的截面。
在此变型中，延伸部分的外截面25可为圆形、椭圆形、矩形或正方形。接纳此延伸部分的孔10(且优选地接纳这样的延伸部分的每个孔)优选地具有分别与延伸部分22的外截面25相同的内截面15。
图15图示了被头部化的远端23的第一实施变型：至少在软化的一部分时间期间将机械压力施加在所述远端23上，(且此处在整个软化期间)；此机械压力导致头部化的远端23的变平。
图16图示了图14的被头部化的远端23的第二实施变型：在软化的一部分时间期间在所述远端23上没有施加任何机械压力；然而，软化的材料被包含在靠模中，如图2中所示；此靠模形成了半球形的头部化远端23，且在其中心具有圆形的孔。
图17图示了一种变型，根据该变型孔10(且优选地异型带饰或玻璃的每个孔10)的远端13在其周边的至少一部分上(且优选地在其整个周边上)在孔10的周边处包括相对于所述玻璃或所述异型带饰的后表面31突出定位的隆起37。该隆起例如可具有包括在玻璃或异型带饰在孔10的周边处的厚度的大约五分之一和一倍之间的厚度。
在此变型中，延伸部分22的远端23抵靠异型带饰或玻璃本身的厚度余量被头部化，这允许降低异型带饰或玻璃本身在孔10附近断裂的风险。
图18图示了一种变型，根据该变型孔10(且优选地异型带饰或玻璃的每个孔10)的远端13在其周边的至少一部分上(且优选地在其整个周边上)在孔10的周边处包括相对于所述玻璃或所述异型带饰的后表面31收缩定位的凹陷38。该凹陷例如可具有包括在玻璃或异型带饰在孔10的周边处的厚度的大约一半和五分之一之间的深度。
在此变型中，延伸部分22的远端23因而在凹陷中被头部化，且在孔10的周边处不超出或稍稍超出异型带饰或玻璃的后表面。这因而限制了突出孔10的远端的大小。
图19图示了一种变型，其为之前两种变型的组合：孔10(且优选地异型带饰或玻璃的每个孔10)的远端13在其周边的至少一部分上(且优选地在其整个周边上)同时包括隆起37和凹陷38。此隆起和凹陷可具有相同的厚度。此隆起和凹陷优选是同轴的，隆起比凹陷更靠近孔的轴线A。在此变型中，延伸部分22的远端23在纵剖面上(沿轴线B)具有蘑菇形状。延伸部分22的远端23因而抵靠异型带饰或玻璃本身的厚度余量被头部化，同时相对于异型带饰或玻璃的后表面部分地凹陷。该固定因而是牢固的，和图17的变型的情形一样，同时和图18中的情形一样限制了大小。
本发明在前文中通过示例进行了描述。当然本领域技术人员将能够实施不同的变型而不背离如由权利要求所限定的本专利的范围。

Claims (20)

1.一种将塑料的装饰件附件(2)固定到玻璃(1)的周边上的聚合物制成的异型带饰(3)的一部分上的方法，所述装饰件附件(2)具有包括用于将其固定到所述异型带饰(3)上的固定装置的后表面(21)，其特征在于，所述后表面(21)包括多个延伸部分(22, 22’)，所述多个延伸部分(22, 22’)每个均穿入设置在所述异型带饰(3)中并在所述异型带饰(3)的相对的两个表面上的其两个末端处开口的孔(10, 10’)中，各延伸部分的远端(23, 23’)从限定所述孔(10, 10’)的所述异型带饰的后表面(31)突出，且各延伸部分的所述远端(23, 23’)通过临时软化而变形，以在孔(10,10’)的周边处在孔(10,10’)的整个周边上与所述异型带饰的所述后表面(31)形成接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的固定方法，其特征在于，所述软化通过应用处于25到70kHz频段内的超声波而实施。
3.根据权利要求2所述的固定方法，其特征在于，所述软化通过应用处于30到35kHz频段内的超声波而实施。
4.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的固定方法，其特征在于，在软化时间期间，在所述远端(23,23’)上施加机械压力。
5.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的固定方法，其特征在于，多个延伸部分(22,22’)的远端(23,23’)通过临时软化而同时变形，以在孔(10, 10’)的周边处与所述异型带饰的后表面(31)同时形成接触。
6.一种用于实施根据权利要求1到5的任一项的方法的装置(8)，其包括至少一个软化源。
7.根据权利要求6所述的装置(8)，其特征在于，其包括至少一个超声波源。
8.根据权利要求6所述的装置(8)，其特征在于，其包括同时工作的多个软化源。
9.一种通过根据权利要求1到5的任一项的方法获得的玻璃(1)，其包括塑料的装饰件附件(2)，其固定在聚合物制成的异型带饰(3)的一部分上，所述异型带饰(3)本身固定在玻璃(1)的周边上，所述附件(2)具有包括用于将其固定到所述异型带饰(3)上的固定装置的后表面(21)，其特征在于，所述后表面(21)包括多个延伸部分(22, 22’)，所述多个延伸部分(22, 22’)每个均穿入设置在所述异型带饰(3)中并在所述异型带饰(3)的相对的两个表面上的其两个末端处开口的孔中，所述延伸部分的远端(23, 23’)从限定所述孔(10)的所述异型带饰的后表面(31)突出，且各延伸部分的所述远端(23, 23’)通过软化而变形，以在孔(10)的周边处在孔(10)的整个周边上与所述异型带饰的所述后表面(31)形成接触。
10.根据权利要求9所述的玻璃(1)，其特征在于，多个孔(10)沿在空间上平行的轴线A定向。
11.根据权利要求10所述的玻璃(1)，其特征在于，多个延伸部分(22,22’)沿在空间上平行的轴线B, B’定向。
12.根据权利要求11所述的玻璃(1)，其特征在于，多个延伸部分(22,22’)每一个均沿轴线B定向，大体上垂直于所述附件(2)的所述后表面(21)。
13.根据权利要求11所述的玻璃(1)，其特征在于，所述附件(2)具有非平坦的形状，在延伸部分的部位具有延伸部分(22)的轴线B与所述附件(2)的后表面(21)之间的角度α，其不同于在另一个延伸部分(22’)的部位此另一个延伸部分的轴线B’和所述附件(2)的后表面(21)之间的角度α’。
14.根据权利要求9所述的玻璃(1)，其特征在于，延伸部分(22)具有中空的截面以及圆形、椭圆形、矩形或正方形的外截面(25)，且所述孔(10)具有分别与所述延伸部分(22)的外截面(25)的形状相同的形状。
15.根据权利要求9所述的玻璃(1)，其特征在于，所述孔(10)的内截面(15)至少在其远端(13)处与靠近此末端的所述延伸部分(22)的外截面(25)大体相同。
16.根据权利要求9所述的玻璃(1)，其特征在于，所述异型带饰的前表面(30)至少在所述孔(10)的周边处大体上平行于所述附件(2)的所述后表面(21)。
17.根据权利要求9所述的玻璃(1)，其特征在于，所述异型带饰的所述后表面(31)在所述孔(10)的部位垂直于所述孔的轴线甚至所述延伸部分的轴线。
18.根据权利要求9所述的玻璃(1)，其特征在于，所述附件(2)具有伸长的形状，且所述延伸部分(22)具有沿所述附件的伸长方向延伸的伸长的截面。
19.根据权利要求9所述的玻璃(1)，其特征在于，所述孔(10)的所述远端(13)在其周边的至少一部分上在所述孔(10)的周边处包括相对于所述异型带饰的后表面(31)突出定位的隆起(37)。
20.根据权利要求9所述的玻璃(1)，其特征在于，所述孔(10)的所述远端(13)在其周边的至少一部分上在所述孔(10)的周边处包括相对于所述异型带饰的后表面(31)收缩定位的凹陷(38)。
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KR101804414B1 (ko) 2017-12-04
PT2483057T (pt) 2018-10-01
EA201270488A1 (ru) 2012-11-30
TR201810195T4 (tr) 2018-08-27
BR112012007383A2 (pt) 2016-04-19
FR2950832B1 (fr) 2017-01-27
ES2679270T3 (es) 2018-08-23
EP2483057A1 (fr) 2012-08-08
WO2011039490A1 (fr) 2011-04-07
US20120237724A1 (en) 2012-09-20
EA033353B1 (ru) 2019-10-31
MX2012003890A (es) 2012-06-01
CA2776315C (fr) 2018-04-03
MA33650B1 (fr) 2012-10-01
CN102666071A (zh) 2012-09-12
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MX338659B (es) 2016-04-27
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