CN102657059A - Seedling cultivation method - Google Patents
Seedling cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102657059A CN102657059A CN2012100752146A CN201210075214A CN102657059A CN 102657059 A CN102657059 A CN 102657059A CN 2012100752146 A CN2012100752146 A CN 2012100752146A CN 201210075214 A CN201210075214 A CN 201210075214A CN 102657059 A CN102657059 A CN 102657059A
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Abstract
The invention provides a seedling cultivation method which is to cultivate seedlings based on the season and to give different nourishments. By adopting the seedling cultivation method provided by the invention, a seedling is cultivated and fertilized according to the season and by using different products from oil crops. Stalks of the oil crops, and shells, seeds and oil meal of fruits of the oil crops are crushed and fermented to produce nourishments for seedling cultivation, which can provide a grease fertilizer and a fiber fertilizer for seedlings, especially for newly transplanted seedlings and seedlings subjected to serious injuries such as oxygen deficit and water shortage, and can provide sufficient nutrition for roots, branches, and leaves of the seedlings, promote the growth of root systems, and have obvious repairing and growth-promoting effects on the seedlings subjected to severe injuries. Meanwhile, the nourishments can enable the seedlings to better absorb various trace elements in the soil, thus achieving the purpose of speeding up growth of the seedlings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nursery stock and cultivate the field, be specifically related to a kind of nursery stock cultivating method.
Background technology
March 12 was the plant joint of China, and national legislation confirms that be in order to excite people to like the emotion of woods, afforestation, to improve the understanding of people to the forest function, promote the territory greening, reaching the purpose of liking that woods is protected a forest and enlarges the forest resources, improves the ecological environment this red-letter day.But visit and investigate according to the applicant, although the annual quantity of planting trees of China is very surprising, nursery stock has wherein also accounted for about 40% of tree planting total amount, and the survival rate of sapling is unsatisfactory, the survival rate in some areas even less than 20%.
The applicant is after being directed against the vegetation growth condition survey of knob, the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River; It is following to sum up the not high reason of survival rate of planting: the one, and the knob surface soil layer is main with red-yellow soil, white yellow earth and black yellow earth; Acid-base value that is contained in these three kinds of soil and trace element etc. all have tangible difference; Since not enough to the understanding of nursery stock institute planting soil, lack or seriously lack various trace elements in the soil, cause survival rate low like phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc, boron etc.
The 2nd, there is the cruel administration weather that reaches surplus in the of 40 day every year the knob, and as meeting with drought, rainwater can not normal supply, is prone to cause nursery stock withered.And also be the major reason that is lowered into motility rate for the mismanagement of nursery stock before plantation, in narrow seedling canopy, long-time anoxic lack of water causes many nursery stocks to receive grievous injury like the long-term pile-up of bundled nursery stock, and is half-dead.
The 3rd, perfect inadequately to the labor management behind the seedling growth, like draining, weeding, loosen the soil and administer management work such as damage by disease and insect and do not accomplish crucial point, simultaneously because the long-term use of chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals and weed killer herbicide also makes soil be subjected to pollution in various degree.
Summary of the invention
To the problem that exists in the above prior art, the invention provides a kind of to new transplanted plantlet and receive the cultivating method of grievous injury nursery stocks such as anoxic lack of water.
The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
A kind of nursery stock cultivating method, said method divide carry out season:
1) spring: the nursery stock to new transplanting is adopted the pouring method, nutriment is converted after water is mixed thoroughly the nursery stock of new transplanting is watered;
To vegetative period the nursery stock more than a year, adopt the method for directly topdressing, locate the groove that topdresses is set apart from 5～10 centimeters of roots at every young plant wood, in groove, directly apply nutriment;
2) summer: adopt the method for directly topdressing, locate the groove that topdresses is set apart from 5～10 centimeters of roots, in groove, directly apply nutriment at every young plant wood;
3) autumn: adopt the method for directly topdressing, locate the groove that topdresses is set apart from 5～10 centimeters of roots, in groove, directly apply nutriment at every young plant wood;
Wherein employed nutriment for adopt should season the bars of oil crop, and the product of processing is pulverized, ferments, dried to warps such as the shell of oil crop fruit, seed, oil meal.
Said spring is to the pouring of the nursery stock of new transplanting, the pouring of every young plant wood convert about 1 kilogram of water nutriment, cover pouring place with thin soil again.
Said spring to vegetative period the nursery stock more than a year, when the nursery stock diameter is 2～3 centimeters, every strain applies about 100 grams of nutriment; When 2～3 centimeters of nursery stock diameter increases, the nutriment that every strain applies increases about 50～100 grams; Cover reinforced place with fine earth again.
Directly topdress to nursery stock said summer, and when the nursery stock diameter is more than 6～8 centimeters, every strain applies about 250～300 grams of nutriment; When the nursery stock diameter surpasses 10 centimeters, every strain applies nutriment increases about 100～150 grams; Cover reinforced place with fine earth again.
The nutriment that uses said spring as spring oil crop be rape, wherein rape straw 10～30%, rapeseed hull 5～20%, the rape seed dregs of rice 10～30%, stand oil vegetable seed 20～40%, ripe melon seeds 10～30% (percentage by weight).
The nutriment that uses said summer as summer oil crop be soybean, wherein soybean bar 10～30%, soybean peel 5～20%, big dregs of beans 10～30%, ripe soybean 20～40%, ripe melon seeds 10～30% (percentage by weight).
The oil crop in autumn of using said autumn are sesame, wherein sesame straw 10～30%, oriental sesame pericarp 5～20%, sesame seed meal 10～30%, ripe sesame 20～40%, ripe melon seeds 10～30% (percentage by weight).
Said spring oil crop nutriment in add the elements such as iron, zinc of trace.
Said summer oil crop nutriment in add the elements such as calcium, magnesium of trace.
Said autumn oil crop nutriment in add the elements such as iron, sulphur of trace.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: distinguish different seasonal; It is reinforced to adopt different oil crop products that nursery stock is cultivated, and with the bar of oil crop, and warps such as the shell of oil crop fruit, seed, oil meal are pulverized, fermentation is processed and is used for the nutriment that nursery stock is cultivated; Be the especially new transplanted plantlet of nursery stock; With the nursery stock that receives grievous injuries such as anoxic lack of water, provide grease fertilizer and fiber fertile, foster part of abundance is provided for root, branch, the leaf of nursery stock; Impel root system development, seedling is received obvious maintenance of having of grievous injury and growth promotion effect.The effect of nutriment simultaneously can also impel nursery stock to absorb the various trace elements in the soil better, to reach the purpose of speed-raising growth.
Adopt last year or then should season oil crop, not only reduced the cultivation cost effectively, also convenient discarded object after the oil crop oil expression is carried out the reviviscence utilization; Not only obtained very valuable cultivation resource; The agriculture and forestry organic waste material that has also solved present vast rural area is handled difficult problem, kills two birds with one stone, and has both promoted the quick growth of nursery stock; Reduce the pollution of environment again, promoted ecological benign cycle.Simultaneously, also avoid the phenomenon of open incineration, thereby eliminated the hidden danger of traffic accident.
Embodiment
One, spring
After the Spring Festival, generally be selected in the initial stage that during the warmth of spring, all the flowers bloom, to the seedling wood employing pouring method of new transplanting, every nursery stock is watered 1 kilogram, and covers the very thin fine earth of last layer at the place of watering, to keep the required moisture of tree root and to take precautions against trace element by the weathering of burning sun sunlight institute.
To the nursery stock (2～3 centimeters of diameters) that grows more than a year; Take the method for directly topdressing, promptly locate to be provided with the groove that topdresses apart from 5～10 centimeters of roots, all be sprinkling upon nutriment (executing 100 grams) in the groove by every strain every nursery stock; Adopt fine earth to cover then, fine earth effect herein can be preserved moisture and can be taked precautions against drought.To the nursery stock of 6～8 centimeters of diameters with nutriment 150～200 grams, diameter more than 9～10 centimeters consumption be 250～300 grams.By that analogy, 2 centimeters of the every increases of the diameter of all trees, the consumption of nutriment should appropriateness strengthen, and the nutriment that every strain applies increases about 50～100 grams.
Spring employed should season nutriment be the oil crop of last year; Like rape; Wherein rape straw 10～30%, rapeseed hull 5～20%, the rape seed dregs of rice 10～30%, stand oil vegetable seed 20～40%, ripe melon seeds 10～30% (percentage by weight); In addition, can also add elements such as micro-iron, zinc in the nutriment.
The preparation method of nutriment may further comprise the steps:
1) with the bars of oil crop, and the shell of oil crop fruit, seed, oil meal etc. mix and pulverize;
2) with in the mixture tank filling, 60～100 ℃ environmental temperature bottom fermentations 10～25 days;
3) the fermentation product taking-up is dried, be processed into Powdered;
4) with the powdery product room storage;
5) one or more in the trace elements such as the iron of adding trace, zinc, calcium, magnesium, sulphur in powdery product.
Two, summer
Be the best period of seedling growth summer.Because of the sunlight in this season is strong, the moisture in the air is heavy, and temp. and humidity is high.Nursery stock is in required a large amount of foster part in this period.All nursery stocks are increased execute nutriment,, impel root system development, especially seedling is received the positive effect that has of heavy losses for root, branch, the leaf of nursery stock provides sufficient foster part.Simultaneously can also impel nursery stock to absorb the various trace elements in the soil better, to reach the purpose of speed-raising growth.
To using nutriment method and vernal aspect together.And be that diameter is reached the nursery stock more than 6～8 centimeters to different, in that increase must be an amount of when executing nutriment, can not be excessive; Can not be very few; General every tree is executed nutriment 250-300 gram, and when the nursery stock diameter surpasses 10 centimeters, every strain applies nutriment increases about 100～150 grams; Equally by that analogy, appropriate dosage.
Summer employed should season nutriment be oil crop last year; Like soybean; Wherein soybean bar 10～30%, soybean peel 5～20%, big dregs of beans 10～30%, ripe soybean 20～40%, ripe melon seeds 10～30% (percentage by weight) in addition, can also add elements such as micro-calcium, magnesium in the nutriment.The nutriment preparation method is the same.
Three, autumn
To autumn,, the growth of nursery stock was remained for second golden season though temperature and illumination decrease drastically.Increase again in this season for this reason and execute nutriment, can again play better growth promoting effect, make the overall image growth of nursery stock obtain further sturdy and graceful the growth of nursery stock.Increase simultaneously and execute nutriment, play resting stage cold-resistant, freeze proof and the shortening nursery stock in the time of can also passing the winter to nursery stock, with the effects such as immunity of speed-raising growth and raising nursery stock.
Autumn employed should season nutriment be oil crop last year; Like sesame; Wherein sesame straw 10～30%, oriental sesame pericarp 5～20%, sesame seed meal 10～30%, ripe sesame 20～40%, ripe melon seeds 10～30% (percentage by weight) in addition, can also add elements such as micro-iron, sulphur in the nutriment.The nutriment preparation method is the same.
The present invention is applicable to multiple nursery stock; No matter be the new nursery stock of transplanting; Still receive the nursery stock of grievous injuries such as anoxic lack of water, but as long as be suitable for suitable nutriment in suitable season, morbid state of various nursery stocks and long term growth problem can get at all and solve; The not only new nursery stock of transplanting has had obvious growth situation, can also impel the annual speed-raising growth of all kinds of nursery stocks to reach 25%～35%.Plant experience for many years according to the applicant, it is also more sturdy than the nursery stock in 10 years of self-sow that all plantations reach the nursery stock in 7 years, and the image of tree is more graceful, the dark green light of the color and luster of leaf, and growing way is very gratifying.The present invention has solved plant transplantation admirably and has not lived and the low problem of survival rate, can be extensively and in the afforestation cause that is effectively applied to enlarge the forest resources, improve the ecological environment.
Claims (10)
1. nursery stock cultivating method is characterized in that said method divides carry out season:
1) spring: the nursery stock to new transplanting is adopted the pouring method, nutriment is converted after water is mixed thoroughly the nursery stock of new transplanting is watered;
To vegetative period the nursery stock more than a year, adopt the method for directly topdressing, locate the groove that topdresses is set apart from 5～10 centimeters of roots at every young plant wood, in groove, directly apply nutriment;
2) summer: adopt the method for directly topdressing, locate the groove that topdresses is set apart from 5～10 centimeters of roots, in groove, directly apply nutriment at every young plant wood;
3) autumn: adopt the method for directly topdressing, locate the groove that topdresses is set apart from 5～10 centimeters of roots, in groove, directly apply nutriment at every young plant wood;
Wherein employed nutriment for adopt should season the bars of oil crop, and the product of processing is pulverized, ferments, dried to warps such as the shell of oil crop fruit, seed, oil meal.
2. nursery stock cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that said spring to the pouring of the nursery stock of new transplanting, the pouring of every young plant wood convert about 1 kilogram of water nutriment, cover pouring place with thin soil again.
3. nursery stock cultivating method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said spring to vegetative period the nursery stock more than a year, when the nursery stock diameter is 2～3 centimeters, every strain applies about 100 grams of nutriment; When 2～3 centimeters of nursery stock diameter increases, the nutriment that every strain applies increases about 50～100 grams; Cover reinforced place with fine earth again.
4. nursery stock cultivating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that said summer nursery stock directly being topdressed, and when the nursery stock diameter is more than 6～8 centimeters, every strain applies about 250～300 grams of nutriment; When the nursery stock diameter surpasses 10 centimeters, every strain applies nutriment increases about 100～150 grams; Cover reinforced place with fine earth again.
5. according to claim 1,2 or 3 arbitrary described nursery stock cultivating methods; The nutriment that it is characterized in that using said spring as spring oil crop be rape, wherein rape straw 10～30%, rapeseed hull 5～20%, the rape seed dregs of rice 10～30%, stand oil vegetable seed 20～40%, ripe melon seeds 10～30% (percentage by weight).
6. according to claim 1 or 4 described nursery stock cultivating methods; The nutriment that it is characterized in that using said summer as summer oil crop be soybean, wherein soybean bar 10～30%, soybean peel 5～20%, big dregs of beans 10～30%, ripe soybean 20～40%, ripe melon seeds 10～30% (percentage by weight).
7. nursery stock cultivating method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the oil crop in autumn of using said autumn are sesame, wherein sesame straw 10～30%, oriental sesame pericarp 5～20%, sesame seed meal 10～30%, ripe sesame 20～40%, ripe melon seeds 10～30% (percentage by weight).
8. nursery stock cultivating method according to claim 5 is characterized in that adding in the nutriment of oil crop in said spring iron, the zinc element of trace.
9. nursery stock cultivating method according to claim 6 is characterized in that adding in the nutriment of oil crop in said summer calcium, the magnesium elements of trace.
10. nursery stock cultivating method according to claim 7 is characterized in that adding in the nutriment of oil crop in said autumn iron, the element sulphur of trace.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012100752146A CN102657059A (en) | 2012-03-13 | 2012-03-13 | Seedling cultivation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012100752146A CN102657059A (en) | 2012-03-13 | 2012-03-13 | Seedling cultivation method |
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| CN102657059A true CN102657059A (en) | 2012-09-12 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105875318A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2016-08-24 | 李祖德 | Seedling cultivating method |
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| JP2002265292A (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2002-09-18 | Mitsumasa Morizaki | Organic fertilizer containing chitosan, fowl dropping incineration ash, rice brain and powdery charcoal |
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2012
- 2012-03-13 CN CN2012100752146A patent/CN102657059A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105875318A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2016-08-24 | 李祖德 | Seedling cultivating method |
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Application publication date: 20120912 |