CN102499015B - Transplanting method of large-volume camphor tree - Google Patents
Transplanting method of large-volume camphor tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN102499015B CN102499015B CN 201110410057 CN201110410057A CN102499015B CN 102499015 B CN102499015 B CN 102499015B CN 201110410057 CN201110410057 CN 201110410057 CN 201110410057 A CN201110410057 A CN 201110410057A CN 102499015 B CN102499015 B CN 102499015B
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Abstract
The invention provides a transplanting method of a large-volume camphor tree. The transplanting method comprises the steps of: an operation at the position before camphor tree transplanting and an operation at the position after camphor tree transplanting, wherein the two positions are spliced by a camphor tree transportation step; the operation at the before camphor tree transplanting comprises the following sequential steps of preparing before construction, excavating mud balls and binding mud balls; and the operation at the position after camphor tree transplanting comprises the following sequential steps of digging planting holes, arranging an irrigation system and a dewatering system, planting and maintaining. By adopting the transplanting method of the large-volume camphor tree provided by the invention, the off-season transplanting survival rate of large-size camphor tree is improved, the reversion growth time of the transplanted camphor tree is shortened, the greening effect of the camphor tree after transplanting is ensured, the cost is saved and the transplanting construction benefit of the camphor tree is improved.
Description
Technical field
Garden afforestation technology of the present invention field relates in particular to the trasplanting method of a kind of large volume camphor tree.
Background technology
In recent years, country is strengthening improvement of the ecological environment, and Large scale construction park, square or residential quarters etc. are to being in great demand of large specification camphor tree.Camphor tree is the seeds that represent of Subtropical Evergreen Broad-leaf Forest, tree-like grace, the figure is tall and straight, landscape effect is good, market value is very high, is generally several ten thousand yuan, have up to tens0000 yuan.The chemical substances such as the pine tar bicyclic hydrocarbons that gives out due to camphor tree, camphorene, limonene, Eugenol have the ability that purifies poisonous air, and anticancer function is arranged, and filter out pure and fresh clean air, and are refreshing.Live in for a long time in the environment of camphor tree and can avoid suffering from a lot of difficult and complicated illness.And the camphor tree four seasons are evergreen, shelter from heat or light respond well, become the first-selected good wood of southern many cities and regional afforestation, deeply are subjected to the favor of afforestation industry.
Large specification camphor tree, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground are that 60cm is above, and property planting season is strong especially, common annual mid or late March to April early and middle ten days be the best planting season.Because satisfying the needs of building overall progress, sometimes can only take off-season cultivation, belong to hot-dry season the late August of South China to mid-September, the planting camphor leaf very easily turns black withered, affects the integrated greening effect, and the plantation difficulty is very big.And this type of camphor tree age of tree is longer, after transplanting recovery capability a little less than, must take a whole set of science, construction method rigorous, standard just can guarantee can survive after these tree grafting growths, grow fine.
At present, on market, the camphor tree of large specification is the seedling of heeling in of transplanting 1 ~ 3 year basically, and surviving of transplanting is difficult to guarantee, singly do not cause the waste of large tree resource, virtually also raised the market knock-down price, and the transplanting of large camphor tree has good development prospect.In addition, the large camphor tree transplanting of the overwhelming majority at present is all the spontaneous behaviour that the nursery operator pursues economic interests, also do not go to transplant according to the method for science, therefore often cause transplanting success on the low side, cost is high, and expense is large, causes very large waste, and it is long to recover growth time, 2 ~ 3 years and just can reach desirable landscape effect.Therefore, the anti-season construction of transplanting in the urgent need to summing up a whole set of large specification camphor tree is transplanted construction to instruct large camphor tree.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, technical problem solved by the invention is to provide the trasplanting method of a kind of large volume camphor tree, improve large specification camphor tree anti-season transplanting success, shorten the reply growth time of the camphor tree after transplanting, guarantee the rear afforestation effect of camphor tree transplanting, and the saving cost improves the construction benefit that camphor tree is transplanted.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical programs:
The trasplanting method of a kind of large volume camphor tree, the trasplanting method of this large volume camphor tree comprise that being positioned at camphor tree transplants the operation of front position and be positioned at the operation that camphor tree is transplanted rear position, transports step by camphor tree between two positions and is connected;
Being positioned at camphor tree transplants the operation of front position and comprises successively following operating procedure:
Prepare before construction, according to the excavation size of the good camphor tree pocket of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground budget section of camphor tree, and camphor tree is pruned and cuts bar and process;
Mud ball excavation, camphor tree pocket section mud ball is the slightly sharp intermediate muster in cydariform two, camphor tree pocket section mud ball is of a size of: the 2-3 that mud ball is controlled to be the camphor tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground perpendicular to the maximum gauge of camphor tree trunk one side doubly, the mud ball THICKNESS CONTROL be the camphor tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 1.5-2.5 doubly;
The mud ball wrapping, the double-deck geotechnological three dimensional network made from high molecular polymer immediately after the mud ball finishing is shaped encloses bundle, parcel, with the iron net, mud ball is wrapped again after the parcel mud ball, and with the iron hook, the iron net is wrung, must first the iron sieve bottom be wrung in strand iron network process, just tighten up again the upper end open place of iron net after wringing the bottom, with cleek, at least one times the operation that wrings is carried out at iron net middle part more at last;
After being positioned at camphor tree and transplanting, the operation of position comprises following operating procedure successively:
Dig kind of a plant hole, dug in 3-5 days before transplanting camphor tree and to plant plant hole, described kind of plant hole is cylindricality, and its diameter is than the large 60-80cm of mud ball diameter, the large 10-20cm of depth ratio mud ball thickness, and guarantee that kind of plant hole hydrophobic effect is good, without ponding;
Irrigation system and water scavenging system are set, at the kind plant hole that has dug, drip irrigation system are installed, described drip irrigation system is connected mutually with the nutrient solution supply system of extraneous supply channel or camphor tree, and described water scavenging system is reserved with at kind of a plant hole mouth of pipe that draws water;
Plantation, to transplant the camphor tree that front position transhipment comes from camphor tree plants, must keep the North and South direction of camphor tree when camphor tree is transplanted the front position in planting process, and before plantation, kind of plant hole be carried out desinsection, disinfects, evenly spray simultaneously root growth promoter on kind of plant hole and mud ball; Mix mud with loess and water in the degree of depth of kind of plant hole bottom 1/3-1/2, plant backfill planting soil after transplanting camphor tree, planting soil is from the backfill inwards of mud ball surrounding, and in fact slotting with waddy in backfilling process;
Maintenance is processed, and the root of the camphor tree after transplanting and stipe part is carried out maintenance process.
Preferably, described drip irrigation system comprises electronics leaf and the pipeline that is connected mutually with the nutrient solution supply system of extraneous supply channel or camphor tree, described pipeline forms some branches near kind of plant hole, bifurcation at pipeline is provided with the control valve that each pipe branch of adjustment goes out water state and stream parameters, go out that water state comprises that each branch supplies water simultaneously or single branch supplies water or part branch supplies water simultaneously, stream parameters comprises pipeline hydraulic pressure, flow rate of water flow and water discharging time; Described branch is included in camphor tree and transplants the rear delivery port of installing higher than the cauline leaf jet pipe of camphor tree trunk 10-30cm, the delivery port of described cauline leaf jet pipe is equipped with Fine spray shower nozzle, described branch also comprise be positioned at transplant after the root of camphor tree pocket section drip and broadcast pipe, described electronics leaf is installed on tree crown and can feeds back the relative moisture parameter, thereby control the humidity of cauline leaf on camphor tree, realize automatic moisture-keeping.
Preferably, described pipeline is pvc pipe, and the spacing of described cauline leaf jet pipe and Fine spray shower nozzle is 0.8-1.5 * 0.8-1.5.It is to realize the camphor tree moisturizing that drip irrigation system so suitably is set, and guarantees the key factor of the rate of transplanting survival.
Preferably, described maintenance treatment step comprises:
(1) pour water and overlay film: pour water around the mud ball of transplanting good camphor tree, then hide the earth's surface at the trees ' root overlay film, prevent that the excessive vaporization of soil moisture or the too much moisture of rainwater weather from infiltrating root, cause rotten and the impact growth even causes death.
(2) around doing:, then water, irrigate about 1/3rd height of the above trunk parcel in the ground of camphor tree with gunnysack or the rope made of hemp, so both can keep trunk moistening, can prevent again trunk moisture excessive vaporization and the sun bark of burning.
(3) pouring nutrient solution: camphor tree garter stoste is diluted, inject the nutrient solution supply system, connect drip irrigation system, carry out vaporific sprinkling irrigation by the cauline leaf jet pipe in drip irrigation system, hydraulic pressure control is at 0.002MPa-0.003MPa, each spray intervals is controlled at keeps relative moisture between 65-85%, is installed on the control module that electronics leaf on tree crown gathers the relative moisture parameter and feeds back to drip irrigation system, realizes automatic moisture-keeping;
(4) disinfectant nutrient in blade face replenishes: reach on every side once with formalin solution spray camphor tree weekly, with sterilizing, after 20-30 days, tree crown can grow sprouting, after young leaves develops into keratin, spraying weekly a concentration is 0.1%-0.2% urea liquid fertilizer, is added into equally in drip irrigation system to drip by root to broadcast pipe and drip and broadcast; And the damage by disease and insect situation of often observing trees, in time spray the medicine control;
(5) pruning: after shoot sprouts, carry out pruning, wipe out weak branch, keep sturdy branch, cultivate shoot, in time wipe out for the indefinite bud of sprouting on trunk.
(6) perpendicularity of inspection tree body is in time reinforced and is supported, the soil body of backfill sedimentation, the landscape effect of maintenance trees and landform.
Preferably, described camphor tree transhipment step comprises successively:
Transplant the front position in camphor tree, first wrap up the trunk of Heave Here with old woollen blanket or multilayer gunnysack, and bandage with hanging belt, then trunk is surrounded with waste tire in the Heave Here fixing, in case when lifting the mechanical damage bark, affect growth and the outward appearance of trees, and the mark camphor tree is in the North and South direction of Proterozoic, will keep the balance of whole tree during lifting, light rising put down gently, is fixed on transport vehicle;
The conveying carriage planted agent first pads sand pocket or rubber, the camphor tree mud ball is front, and treetop is rear, rush bag on pad, branches and leaves bind with rope, spray and suppress rising agent, cover glazing felt or shading screen reduce blade and rock, reduce the face that catches the wind of camphor tree, trunk is steady with the yoke frame, and root covers with wet straw or woollen blanket, notes the water spray moisturizing in transportation;
After the arrival camphor tree is transplanted rear position, when slinging large camphor tree, mud ball is first put into kind of a plant hole, slightly loose lifting rope after choosing the plantation direction tentatively supports or protects and set body, then removes template and rope and the taking-up of mud ball surrounding, then shovel into planting soil from both sides, carry out the layering tamping, unclamp at leisure rope after tamping, this moment as righting trunk and carry out the tamping of planting soil again when finding that the tree body has the sign of inclination, after setting the body complete stability, can unload and hang.
Preferably, the geotechnological three dimensional network of described bilayer is the double-deck geotechnological three dimensional network of polyethylene, and the geotechnological three dimensional network of described bilayer comprises bilevel space network.
Preferably, before the plantation camphor tree, also comprise following treatment step:
Plant plant hole and planting soil before plantation and first carry out the deinsectization processing with chlorophos solution, then with carbendazim or topsin solution sterilization, to the heteroauxin of camphor tree root spray 0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate or 500ppm, to promote new root; And the wound of smearing tree root with 0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate and wool grease mixture rots preventing;
Kind plant hole bottom imposes sterile-processed decomposed manure, changes loose soil in the cave, and the pH value is consistent with Proterozoic;
The amount of landfill of plant hole bottom loess and fertilizer is planted well in budget, makes the rear mud ball of transplanting expose earth's surface 20-50cm.
Compared with prior art, technical scheme of the present invention has following beneficial effect at least:
The trasplanting method of large volume camphor tree of the present invention, by the transplanting flow process of science and the reasonably rear maintenance of transplanting, improve large specification camphor tree anti-season transplanting success, shorten the reply growth time of the camphor tree after transplanting, guarantee the rear afforestation effect of camphor tree transplanting, and the saving cost improves the construction benefit that camphor tree is transplanted.Than the survival rate of general anti-season grafting 70% ~ 80%, camphor tree transplanting survival rate of the present invention is with a wide range of applications higher than 95%.In addition, the present invention utilizes the double-deck geotechnological three dimensional network wrapping camphor tree pocket of polyethylene section mud ball, guarantee the integrality of mud ball, relatively wrap up the mode of mud ball with shading net in the past, not only can strengthen the integrality of mud ball, also can improve hydrophobic soaking effect, can improve the survival rate of seedling growth construction, can guarantee afforestation effect again.Moreover, support process after the transplanting of camphor tree in, by the corresponding nutrient solution of drip irrigation system drip irrigation, scientifically combination sterilization, growth simultaneously promotes, the comprehensive maintenance measure of base fertilizer use, guarantee the nutrient supply after large specification camphor tree plantation is constructed, further strengthen its survival ability.
Above-mentioned explanation is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, for can clearer understanding technological means of the present invention, and can be implemented according to the content of specification, and for above and other purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, below in conjunction with preferred embodiment, and the cooperation accompanying drawing, be described in detail as follows.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of trasplanting method of the large volume camphor tree of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it illustrates principle of the present invention as the part of this specification by embodiment, and other aspects of the present invention, feature and advantage thereof will become very clear by this detailed description.In the accompanying drawing of institute's reference, in different figure, same or analogous parts represent with identical drawing reference numeral.
As shown in Figure 1, the trasplanting method of a kind of large volume camphor tree that the embodiment of the present invention provides comprises that being positioned at camphor tree transplants the operation of front position and be positioned at the operation that camphor tree is transplanted rear position, transports step by camphor tree between two positions and is connected;
Being positioned at camphor tree transplants the operation of front position and comprises successively following operating procedure:
Prepare before construction, according to the excavation size of the good camphor tree pocket of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground budget section of camphor tree, and camphor tree is pruned and cuts bar and process;
Mud ball excavation, camphor tree pocket section mud ball is the slightly sharp intermediate muster in cydariform two, camphor tree pocket section mud ball is of a size of: the 2-3 that mud ball is controlled to be the camphor tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground perpendicular to the maximum gauge of camphor tree trunk one side doubly, the mud ball THICKNESS CONTROL be the camphor tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 1.5-2.5 doubly;
The mud ball wrapping, the double-deck geotechnological three dimensional network made from high molecular polymer immediately after the mud ball finishing is shaped encloses bundle, parcel, with the iron net, mud ball is wrapped again after the parcel mud ball, and with the iron hook, the iron net is wrung, must first the iron sieve bottom be wrung in strand iron network process, just tighten up again the upper end open place of iron net after wringing the bottom, with cleek, at least one times the operation that wrings is carried out at iron net middle part more at last;
After being positioned at camphor tree and transplanting, the operation of position comprises following operating procedure successively:
Dig kind of a plant hole, dug in 3-5 days before transplanting camphor tree and to plant plant hole, described kind of plant hole is cylindricality, and its diameter is than the large 60-80cm of mud ball diameter, the large 10-20cm of depth ratio mud ball thickness, and guarantee that kind of plant hole hydrophobic effect is good, without ponding;
Irrigation system and water scavenging system are set, at the kind plant hole that has dug, drip irrigation system are installed, described drip irrigation system is connected mutually with the nutrient solution supply system of extraneous supply channel or camphor tree, and described water scavenging system is reserved with at kind of a plant hole mouth of pipe that draws water;
Plantation, to transplant the camphor tree that front position transhipment comes from camphor tree plants, must keep the North and South direction of camphor tree when camphor tree is transplanted the front position in planting process, and before plantation, kind of plant hole be carried out desinsection, disinfects, evenly spray simultaneously root growth promoter on kind of plant hole and mud ball; Mix mud with loess and water in the degree of depth of kind of plant hole bottom 1/3-1/2, plant backfill planting soil after transplanting camphor tree, planting soil is from the backfill inwards of mud ball surrounding, and in fact slotting with waddy in backfilling process;
Maintenance is processed, and the root of the camphor tree after transplanting and stipe part is carried out maintenance process.
The trasplanting method of large volume camphor tree in the embodiment of the present invention one, by the transplanting flow process of science and the reasonably rear maintenance of transplanting, improve large specification camphor tree anti-season transplanting success, shorten the reply growth time of the camphor tree after transplanting, guarantee the rear afforestation effect of camphor tree transplanting, and the saving cost improves the construction benefit that camphor tree is transplanted.
As preferred version, the trasplanting method of a kind of large volume camphor tree that embodiments of the invention two provide comprises that being positioned at camphor tree transplants the operation of front position and be positioned at the operation that camphor tree is transplanted rear position, transports step by camphor tree between two positions and is connected.
Wherein, being positioned at camphor tree transplants the operation of front position and comprises successively following operating procedure:
Prepare before construction, according to the excavation size of the good camphor tree pocket of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground budget section of camphor tree, and camphor tree is pruned and cuts bar and process.
Mud ball excavation, camphor tree pocket section mud ball is the slightly sharp intermediate muster in cydariform two, and camphor tree pocket section mud ball is of a size of: mud ball is controlled to be 3 times of the camphor tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground perpendicular to the maximum gauge of camphor tree trunk one side, the mud ball THICKNESS CONTROL is 2 times of the camphor tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground.Need to prove, the large volume camphor tree that defines in the present invention refers to the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground greater than the camphor tree of 60cm, and as the common knowledge in this area, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground refers to the diameter at the liftoff surperficial 1.3 m places of arbor trunk, during the section deformity, measure the mean value of maximum and minimum of a value.Thickness and the digging diameter of mud ball are controlled at the integrality that can effectively guarantee the camphor tree axial root system in above-mentioned scope, are unlikely to simultaneously because the scope of excavation mud ball is excessive, and cause trouble for follow-up transhipment and plantation.Certainly in other embodiments of the invention, in order to reach identical technique effect, as the case may be mud ball is controlled to be 2-3 times of the camphor tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground perpendicular to the maximum gauge of camphor tree trunk one side, the mud ball THICKNESS CONTROL is 1.5-2.5 times of the camphor tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground.
The mud ball wrapping, the double-deck geotechnological three dimensional network made from high molecular polymer immediately after the mud ball finishing is shaped encloses bundle, parcel, with the iron net, mud ball is wrapped again after the parcel mud ball, and with the iron hook, the iron net is wrung, must first the iron sieve bottom be wrung in strand iron network process, just tighten up again the upper end open place of iron net after wringing the bottom, with cleek, at least one times the operation that wrings is carried out at iron net middle part more at last.In the present invention preferably implemented, the geotechnological three dimensional network of described bilayer was the double-deck geotechnological three dimensional network of polyethylene, and the geotechnological three dimensional network of described bilayer comprises bilevel space network.Utilize the double-deck geotechnological three dimensional network wrapping camphor tree pocket of polyethylene section mud ball, guarantee the integrality of mud ball, relatively wrap up the mode of mud ball with shading net in the past, not only can strengthen the integrality of mud ball, also can improve hydrophobic soaking effect, the survival rate of seedling growth construction can be improved, afforestation effect can be guaranteed again.Certainly in other embodiments of the invention in order to reach similar technique effect, adopt the double-deck geotechnological three dimensional network of other materials also to should be understood to belong in the scope that claim of the present invention contains.
Transplant the operation of front position and be positioned at the intermediate steps that camphor tree is transplanted the operation of rear position as being connected camphor tree, in the embodiment of the present invention, camphor tree transhipment step comprises successively:
Transplant the front position in camphor tree, first wrap up the trunk of Heave Here with old woollen blanket or multilayer gunnysack, and bandage with hanging belt, then trunk is surrounded with waste tire in the Heave Here fixing, in case when lifting the mechanical damage bark, affect growth and the outward appearance of trees, and the mark camphor tree is in the North and South direction of Proterozoic, will keep the balance of whole tree during lifting, light rising put down gently, is fixed on transport vehicle;
The conveying carriage planted agent first pads sand pocket or rubber, the camphor tree mud ball is front, and treetop is rear, rush bag on pad, branches and leaves bind with rope, spray and suppress rising agent, cover glazing felt or shading screen reduce blade and rock, reduce the face that catches the wind of camphor tree, trunk is steady with the yoke frame, and root covers with wet straw or woollen blanket, notes the water spray moisturizing in transportation;
After the arrival camphor tree is transplanted rear position, when slinging large camphor tree, mud ball is first put into kind of a plant hole, slightly loose lifting rope after choosing the plantation direction tentatively supports or protects and set body, then removes template and rope and the taking-up of mud ball surrounding, then shovel into planting soil from both sides, carry out the layering tamping, unclamp at leisure rope after tamping, this moment as righting trunk and carry out the tamping of planting soil again when finding that the tree body has the sign of inclination, after setting the body complete stability, can unload and hang.
After being positioned at camphor tree and transplanting, the operation of position comprises following operating procedure successively:
Dig kind of a plant hole, dug in 3-5 days before transplanting camphor tree and to plant plant hole, described kind of plant hole is cylindricality, and its diameter is than the large 60-80cm of mud ball diameter, the large 10-20cm of depth ratio mud ball thickness, and guarantee that kind of plant hole hydrophobic effect is good, without ponding.
Irrigation system and water scavenging system are set, at the kind plant hole that has dug, drip irrigation system are installed, described drip irrigation system is connected mutually with the nutrient solution supply system of extraneous supply channel or camphor tree, and described water scavenging system is reserved with at kind of a plant hole mouth of pipe that draws water.
During specific implementation, described drip irrigation system comprises electronics leaf and the pipeline that is connected mutually with the nutrient solution supply system of extraneous supply channel or camphor tree, described pipeline forms some branches near kind of plant hole, bifurcation at pipeline is provided with the control valve that each pipe branch of adjustment goes out water state and stream parameters, go out that water state comprises that each branch supplies water simultaneously or single branch supplies water or part branch supplies water simultaneously, stream parameters comprises pipeline hydraulic pressure, flow rate of water flow and water discharging time; Described branch is included in camphor tree and transplants the rear delivery port of installing higher than the cauline leaf jet pipe of camphor tree trunk 10-30cm, the delivery port of described cauline leaf jet pipe is equipped with Fine spray shower nozzle, described branch also comprise be positioned at transplant after the root of camphor tree pocket section drip and broadcast pipe, described electronics leaf is installed on tree crown and can feeds back the relative moisture parameter, thereby control the humidity of cauline leaf on camphor tree, realize automatic moisture-keeping.
During specific implementation, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, described pipeline is pvc pipe, and the spacing of described cauline leaf jet pipe and Fine spray shower nozzle is 1 * 1.Certainly in other embodiments of the invention, according to the size of the camphor tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, the spacing of cauline leaf jet pipe and Fine spray shower nozzle is set to 0.8-1.5 * 0.8-1.5, also can make drip irrigation system realize the camphor tree moisturizing, guarantees the rate of transplanting survival.
Plantation, to transplant the camphor tree that front position transhipment comes from camphor tree plants, must keep the North and South direction of camphor tree when camphor tree is transplanted the front position in planting process, and before plantation, kind of plant hole be carried out desinsection, disinfects, evenly spray simultaneously root growth promoter on kind of plant hole and mud ball; Mix mud with loess and water in the degree of depth of kind of plant hole bottom 1/3-1/2, plant backfill planting soil after transplanting camphor tree, planting soil is from the backfill inwards of mud ball surrounding, and in fact slotting with waddy in backfilling process.
Need to prove, before the plantation camphor tree, also comprise following treatment step:
Plant plant hole and planting soil before plantation and first carry out the deinsectization processing with chlorophos solution, then with carbendazim or topsin solution sterilization, to the heteroauxin of camphor tree root spray 0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate or 500ppm, to promote new root; And the wound of smearing tree root with 0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate and wool grease mixture rots preventing;
Kind plant hole bottom imposes sterile-processed decomposed manure, changes loose soil in the cave, and the pH value is consistent with Proterozoic;
The amount of landfill of plant hole bottom loess and fertilizer is planted well in budget, makes the rear mud ball of transplanting expose earth's surface 20-50cm.
Need to prove, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention,
Maintenance is processed, and the root of the camphor tree after transplanting and stipe part is carried out maintenance process.During specific implementation, described maintenance treatment step comprises:
(1) pour water and overlay film: pour water around the mud ball of transplanting good camphor tree, then hide the earth's surface at the trees ' root overlay film, prevent that the excessive vaporization of soil moisture or the too much moisture of rainwater weather from infiltrating root, cause rotten and the impact growth even causes death.
(2) around doing:, then water, irrigate about 1/3rd height of the above trunk parcel in the ground of camphor tree with gunnysack or the rope made of hemp, so both can keep trunk moistening, can prevent again trunk moisture excessive vaporization and the sun bark of burning.
(3) pouring nutrient solution: camphor tree garter stoste is diluted, inject the nutrient solution supply system, connect drip irrigation system, carry out vaporific sprinkling irrigation by the cauline leaf jet pipe in drip irrigation system, hydraulic pressure control is at 0.002MPa-0.003MPa, each spray intervals is controlled at keeps relative moisture between 65-85%, is installed on the control module that electronics leaf on tree crown gathers the relative moisture parameter and feeds back to drip irrigation system, realizes automatic moisture-keeping;
(4) disinfectant nutrient in blade face replenishes: reach on every side once with formalin solution spray camphor tree weekly, with sterilizing, after 20-30 days, tree crown can grow sprouting, after young leaves develops into keratin, spraying weekly a concentration is 0.1%-0.2% urea liquid fertilizer, is added into equally in drip irrigation system to drip by root to broadcast pipe and drip and broadcast; And the damage by disease and insect situation of often observing trees, in time spray the medicine control;
(5) pruning: after shoot sprouts, carry out pruning, wipe out weak branch, keep sturdy branch, cultivate shoot, in time wipe out for the indefinite bud of sprouting on trunk.
(6) perpendicularity of inspection tree body is in time reinforced and is supported, the soil body of backfill sedimentation, the landscape effect of maintenance trees and landform.
Than prior art, the trasplanting method of the large volume camphor tree that above-described embodiment discloses, by the transplanting flow process of science and the reasonably rear maintenance of transplanting, improve large specification camphor tree anti-season transplanting success, shorten the reply growth time of the camphor tree after transplanting, guarantee the rear afforestation effect of camphor tree transplanting, and save cost, improve the construction benefit that camphor tree is transplanted.Than the survival rate of general anti-season grafting 70% ~ 80%, camphor tree transplanting survival rate of the present invention is with a wide range of applications higher than 95%.In addition, the present invention utilizes the double-deck geotechnological three dimensional network wrapping camphor tree pocket of polyethylene section mud ball, guarantee the integrality of mud ball, relatively wrap up the mode of mud ball with shading net in the past, not only can strengthen the integrality of mud ball, also can improve hydrophobic soaking effect, can improve the survival rate of seedling growth construction, can guarantee afforestation effect again.Moreover, support process after the transplanting of camphor tree in, by the corresponding nutrient solution of drip irrigation system drip irrigation, scientifically combination sterilization, growth simultaneously promotes, the comprehensive maintenance measure of base fertilizer use, guarantee the nutrient supply after large specification camphor tree plantation is constructed, further strengthen its survival ability.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also are considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the trasplanting method of a large volume camphor tree, is characterized in that, the trasplanting method of this large volume camphor tree comprises that being positioned at camphor tree transplants the operation of front position and be positioned at the operation that camphor tree is transplanted rear position, transports step by camphor tree between two positions and is connected;
Being positioned at camphor tree transplants the operation of front position and comprises successively following operating procedure:
Prepare before construction, according to the excavation size of the good camphor tree pocket of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground budget section of camphor tree, and camphor tree is pruned and cuts bar and process;
Mud ball excavation, camphor tree pocket section mud ball is the slightly sharp intermediate muster in cydariform two, camphor tree pocket section mud ball is of a size of: the 2-3 that mud ball is controlled to be the camphor tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground perpendicular to the maximum gauge of camphor tree trunk one side doubly, the mud ball THICKNESS CONTROL be the camphor tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 1.5-2.5 doubly;
The mud ball wrapping, the double-deck geotechnological three dimensional network made from high molecular polymer immediately after the mud ball finishing is shaped encloses bundle, parcel, with the iron net, mud ball is wrapped again after the parcel mud ball, and with the iron hook, the iron net is wrung, must first the iron sieve bottom be wrung in strand iron network process, just tighten up again the upper end open place of iron net after wringing the bottom, with cleek, at least one times the operation that wrings is carried out at iron net middle part more at last;
After being positioned at camphor tree and transplanting, the operation of position comprises following operating procedure successively:
Dig kind of a plant hole, dug in 3-5 days before transplanting camphor tree and to plant plant hole, described kind of plant hole is cylindricality, and its diameter is than the large 60-80cm of mud ball diameter, the large 10-20cm of depth ratio mud ball thickness, and guarantee that kind of plant hole hydrophobic effect is good, without ponding;
Irrigation system and water scavenging system are set, at the kind plant hole that has dug, drip irrigation system are installed, described drip irrigation system is connected mutually with the nutrient solution supply system of extraneous supply channel or camphor tree, and described water scavenging system is reserved with at kind of a plant hole mouth of pipe that draws water; Described drip irrigation system comprises electronics leaf and the pipeline that is connected mutually with the nutrient solution supply system of extraneous supply channel or camphor tree, described pipeline forms some branches near kind of plant hole, bifurcation at pipeline is provided with the control valve that each pipe branch of adjustment goes out water state and stream parameters, go out that water state comprises that each branch supplies water simultaneously or single branch supplies water or part branch supplies water simultaneously, stream parameters comprises pipeline hydraulic pressure, flow rate of water flow and water discharging time; Described branch is included in camphor tree and transplants the rear delivery port of installing higher than the cauline leaf jet pipe of camphor tree trunk 10-30cm, the delivery port of described cauline leaf jet pipe is equipped with Fine spray shower nozzle, described branch also comprise be positioned at transplant after the root of camphor tree pocket section drip and broadcast pipe, described electronics leaf is installed on tree crown and can feeds back the relative moisture parameter;
Plantation, to transplant the camphor tree that front position transhipment comes from camphor tree plants, must keep the North and South direction of camphor tree when camphor tree is transplanted the front position in planting process, and before plantation, kind of plant hole be carried out desinsection, disinfects, evenly spray simultaneously root growth promoter on kind of plant hole and mud ball; Mix mud with loess and water in the degree of depth of kind of plant hole bottom 1/3-1/2, plant backfill planting soil after transplanting camphor tree, planting soil is from the backfill inwards of mud ball surrounding, and in fact slotting with waddy in backfilling process;
Maintenance is processed, and the root of the camphor tree after transplanting and stipe part is carried out maintenance process.
2. the trasplanting method of large volume camphor tree according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pipeline is pvc pipe, the spacing of described cauline leaf jet pipe and Fine spray shower nozzle is 0.8-1.5m * 0.8-1.5m.
3. the trasplanting method of large volume camphor tree according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described maintenance treatment step comprises:
(1) pour water and overlay film: pour water around the mud ball of transplanting good camphor tree, then hide the earth's surface at the trees ' root overlay film;
(2) around doing: with gunnysack or the rope made of hemp, the above trunk in the ground of camphor tree is wrapped up approximately 1/3rd height, then water, irrigate;
(3) pouring nutrient solution: camphor tree garter stoste is diluted, inject the nutrient solution supply system, connect drip irrigation system, carry out vaporific sprinkling irrigation by the cauline leaf jet pipe in drip irrigation system, hydraulic pressure control is at 0.002MPa-0.003MPa, each spray intervals is controlled at keeps relative moisture between 65-85%, is installed on the control module that electronics leaf on tree crown gathers the relative moisture parameter and feeds back to drip irrigation system, realizes automatic moisture-keeping;
(4) disinfectant nutrient in blade face replenishes: reach on every side once with formalin solution spray camphor tree weekly, with sterilizing, after 20-30 days, tree crown can grow sprouting, after young leaves develops into keratin, spraying weekly a concentration is 0.1%-0.2% urea liquid fertilizer, is added into equally in drip irrigation system to drip by root to broadcast pipe and drip and broadcast;
(5) pruning: after shoot sprouts, carry out pruning, wipe out weak branch, keep sturdy branch, cultivate shoot, in time wipe out for the indefinite bud of sprouting on trunk;
(6) perpendicularity of inspection tree body is in time reinforced and is supported, the soil body of backfill sedimentation, the landscape effect of maintenance trees and landform.
4. the trasplanting method of large volume camphor tree according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described camphor tree transhipment step comprises successively:
Transplant the front position in camphor tree, first wrap up the trunk of Heave Here with old woollen blanket or multilayer gunnysack, and bandage with hanging belt, then trunk is surrounded fixing in the Heave Here with waste tire, in case when lifting the mechanical damage bark, and the mark camphor tree will keep the balance of whole tree in the North and South direction of Proterozoic during lifting, light rising put down gently, is fixed on transport vehicle;
The conveying carriage planted agent first pads sand pocket or rubber, the camphor tree mud ball is front, and treetop is rear, rush bag on pad, branches and leaves bind with rope, spray and suppress rising agent, cover glazing felt or shading screen reduce blade and rock, reduce the face that catches the wind of camphor tree, trunk is steady with the yoke frame, and root covers with wet straw or woollen blanket, notes the water spray moisturizing in transportation;
After the arrival camphor tree is transplanted rear position, when slinging large camphor tree, mud ball is first put into kind of a plant hole, slightly loose lifting rope after choosing the plantation direction tentatively supports or protects and set body, then removes template and rope and the taking-up of mud ball surrounding, then shovel into planting soil from both sides, carry out the layering tamping, unclamp at leisure rope after tamping, this moment as righting trunk and carry out the tamping of planting soil again when finding that the tree body has the sign of inclination, after setting the body complete stability, can unload and hang.
5. the trasplanting method of large volume camphor tree according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the geotechnological three dimensional network of described bilayer is the double-deck geotechnological three dimensional network of polyethylene, and the geotechnological three dimensional network of described bilayer comprises bilevel space network.
6. the trasplanting method of large volume camphor tree according to claim 1, is characterized in that, before the plantation camphor tree, also comprises following treatment step:
Plant plant hole and planting soil before plantation and first carry out the deinsectization processing with chlorophos solution, again with carbendazim or topsin solution sterilization, to the heteroauxin of camphor tree root spray 0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate or 500ppm, and the wound of smearing tree root with 0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate and wool grease mixture rots preventing;
Kind plant hole bottom imposes sterile-processed decomposed manure, changes loose soil in the cave, and the pH value is consistent with Proterozoic;
The amount of landfill of plant hole bottom loess and fertilizer is planted well in budget, makes the rear mud ball of transplanting expose earth's surface 20-50cm.
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