CN102423996A - 用于精确的车辆高度的定位部件和方法 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60G13/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of vibration dampers
- B60G13/001—Arrangements for attachment of dampers
- B60G13/005—Arrangements for attachment of dampers characterised by the mounting on the axle or suspension arm of the damper unit
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- B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
- B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
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- B60G5/00—Resilient suspensions for a set of tandem wheels or axles having interrelated movements
- B60G5/02—Resilient suspensions for a set of tandem wheels or axles having interrelated movements mounted on a single pivoted arm, e.g. the arm being rigid
- B60G5/03—Resilient suspensions for a set of tandem wheels or axles having interrelated movements mounted on a single pivoted arm, e.g. the arm being rigid the arm itself being resilient, e.g. a leafspring
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- B60G2200/10—Independent suspensions
- B60G2200/14—Independent suspensions with lateral arms
- B60G2200/142—Independent suspensions with lateral arms with a single lateral arm, e.g. MacPherson type
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
- B60G2202/30—Spring/Damper and/or actuator Units
- B60G2202/31—Spring/Damper and/or actuator Units with the spring arranged around the damper, e.g. MacPherson strut
- B60G2202/312—The spring being a wound spring
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
- B60G2204/124—Mounting of coil springs
- B60G2204/1242—Mounting of coil springs on a damper, e.g. MacPerson strut
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
- B60G2204/128—Damper mount on vehicle body or chassis
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- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
- B60G2204/129—Damper mount on wheel suspension or knuckle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
- B60G2204/43—Fittings, brackets or knuckles
- B60G2204/4304—Bracket for lower cylinder mount of McPherson strut
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
- B60G2204/44—Centering or positioning means
- B60G2204/4402—Spacers or shims
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/61—Adjustable during maintenance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/50—Constructional features of wheel supports or knuckles, e.g. steering knuckles, spindle attachments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/70—Materials used in suspensions
- B60G2206/71—Light weight materials
- B60G2206/7104—Thermoplastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/80—Manufacturing procedures
- B60G2206/82—Joining
- B60G2206/8201—Joining by welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/90—Maintenance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/90—Maintenance
- B60G2206/91—Assembly procedures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/90—Maintenance
- B60G2206/93—Tools used for adjustments
- B60G2206/931—McPherson strut positioning tool
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Abstract
一种角组件,它包括悬架模块和车轮组件。为了补偿相对于角组件的指定高度而积累的公差,对悬架模块的减振器与车轮组件的转向节之间的连接进行调整。通过测量悬架模块的组装长度、将测量长度与标准长度比较并且确定所需的调整量来确定调整量。
Description
本申请是申请日为2008年2月19日、名称为“用于精确的车辆高度的定位部件和方法”的第200880005436.2号发明专利申请的分案申请。
对相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求提交于2007年2月20日的美国临时申请No.60/890,637的优先权。上述申请的公开内容通过引用纳入本说明书中。
技术领域
本公开内容涉及为车辆设定指定的车辆高度。更具体地说,本公开内容涉及用于车辆悬架系统以获得精确的车辆高度公差的定位部件和定位方法。
背景技术
该部分的说明仅用于提供与本公开内容相关的背景信息,可能不构成现有技术。
车辆悬架系统在车辆高度的设计位置的精确设定改善了乘客的舒适性、车辆操作性能和车辆的视觉外观。车辆高度的设计位置与安装于车辆上的麦弗逊悬架模决或伪麦弗逊悬架模块的设计长度有直接关系。典型的车辆高度公差可以从约±7mm到约±10mm变化。如果车辆制造商希望降低这些公差,需要可观的额外努力,并且需要开发特殊的制造技术从而导致显著的额外成本。
车辆制造商确定车辆的设计高度或车辆高度,从而确定麦弗逊悬架模块。通常,车辆制造商会确定车辆的具体重量,据此限定设计高度。该具体重量可以包括司机、乘客以及用于司机和乘客行李的额定重量。根据车辆的具体重量来确定标称车辆高度和允许的公差。
典型的麦弗逊悬架模块包括将该模块与车体连接的顶支架(topmount)、允许车轮旋转的轴承、支撑车辆重量的弹簧、提供车辆减振的支柱或减振器、支撑弹簧的上下弹簧座以及将防倾机构与支柱或减振器连接的防倾托架。
获得的麦弗逊悬架模块公差将是上支架、轴承、弹簧、支柱上的上座位置、下座位置的公差以及支柱或减振器在转向节中的定位公差(高度方向)的结合。保证支柱或减振器在转向节中的正确定位的典型设计方法包括降低插入转向节中的支柱或轴承的直径,将支柱或减振器管的局部区域增大以充当转向节的止动器,可以将钩形托架焊接到支柱或减振器管上以充当通过转向节延伸的螺栓的止动器,或者可以将T形托架焊接到支柱或减振器管上以充当垂直位置和角位置的止动器。这些方法中任一种的使用都会将这些组件的公差添加到车辆高度的累积公差中。
为了将组装的麦弗逊悬架模块的高度公差最小化,可以分别降低上述组件各自的公差。这通常仅使总体公差带极小降低,并且会导致明显更高的制造成本。
发明内容
本公开内容提供一种用于测量组装的麦弗逊悬架模块的标称长度偏差的制造和测量方法。在测量组装的麦弗逊悬架模块的标称长度偏差后,可以选择一个调整垫片,其在麦弗逊悬架模块向转向节上组装的过程中使用时将转向节相对于麦弗逊悬架模块定位,使得车辆高度公差最小化。
通过本文中提供的说明,其它应用领域将变得明显。应当理解的是,本说明和具体实施例仅用于举例说明目的,不希望用于限制本公开内容的范围。
附图说明
本文中所说明的附图仅用于举例说明目的,绝不希望用于限制本公开内容的范围。
图1是根据本公开内容组装到车辆中的麦弗逊悬架模块的侧视图;
图2是图1中所示的在外管上安装有定位卡具的支柱或减振器的侧视图;
图3是与图2类似但是外管上安装有根据本公开内容另一实施方案的定位卡具的支柱或减振器的侧视图;
图4是与图2类似但是外管上安装有根据本公开内容另一实施方案的定位卡具的支柱或减振器的侧视图;
图5A-5C举例说明图6所示的卡具或垫片的各种设计。
图6是图5A所示的卡具或垫片的俯视图;
图7是说明本公开内容的测量方法和调整方法的图表。
具体实施方式
以下说明本质上仅仅是示例性的,不希望用于限制本公开内容、应用或用途。
参见图1,其中示出了引入了本公开内容制造和方法的车辆角组件(corner assembly)10。角组件10包括麦弗逊悬架模块12、车体板14以及包括转向节16和车轮18的车轮组件。
麦弗逊悬架模块12包括上支架组件,它包括顶支架组件30;轴承32;弹簧34;支柱或减振器36;上弹簧座38;下弹簧座40;防尘罩42;缓冲器44;防倾杆托架46;ABS托架48和制动软管托架50。
顶支架组件30采用多个带螺纹的螺栓及其相关的螺母或定位器固定在车体板14上。顶支架组件30包括金属顶支架和通常结合在金属顶支架上的弹性体套管。轴承32安置于顶支架组件30和上弹簧座38之间,以使得车轮18可以转动。弹簧34在上弹簧座38和下弹簧座40——结合于支柱或减振器36上以支撑车辆的车体或弹簧上重量——之间延伸。支柱或减振器36通过下弹簧座40、弹簧34、上弹簧座38、轴承32以及顶支架组件30的中心延伸。支柱或减振器36如下讨论地固定在转向节16上,并通过使用回弹板64和螺母66固定到顶支架组件上,以限制车轮18的延伸位置。当支柱或减振器36相对于车辆的悬架系统或未支承在弹簧上的重量移动时,它提供对车辆的车体或弹簧上重量的运动的减振。支柱或减振器36包括收纳回弹板64和螺母66的活塞杆68、活塞组件(未示出)和活塞组件在其中滑动的外管70。如现有技术中所知,减振力是通过控制流体从活塞组件的一侧流向活塞组件的另一侧来产生。支柱或减振器36可以是单管设计、双管设计或者现有技术已知的减振器的任何其他设计。防尘罩42位于上弹簧座38和下弹簧座40之间,弹簧34的中心,以保护活塞杆68免受水、沙、小石头和其它污染物的侵袭。缓冲器44位于防尘罩42内并围绕着活塞杆68,以限制车轮18的压缩位置。
如上所述,下弹簧座40通过使用焊接或其它方式固定于支柱或减振器36的外管70上从而连接到支柱或减振器36。焊接或其它方式固定于支柱或减振器36的外管70上的其它部件包括防倾杆托架46(它用于将防倾杆机构与支柱或减振器36连接)、ABS托架48(它用于将ABS线束固定到支柱或减振器36上)以及制动软管托架50(它将制动软管连接到支柱或减振器36上)。
现参见图2,更详细地示出了支柱或减振器36的外管70及其与转向节16的组装。外管70是有凹口的管,它包括局部直径增大的区域72。优选金属制的环形支座74通过焊接或其它方式连接到外管70上与局部直径增大的区域72相邻。优选塑料制的卡具或垫片76位于支座74和转向节16之间以补偿麦弗逊悬架模块12的累积公差,从而更加精确地将车体或簧载重量定位在指定的设计高度上,以下将详细说明。
图3示出了使用可以替换外管70的外管70’定位的支座74。外管70’包括大直径部分80’和直径减小的部分82,后者的大小适于安装到转向节16中。通过使用焊接或其它方式将支座74连接到外管70’上而使支座74连接到外管70’上,其中支座74与部分80和部分82之间的过渡区域相邻。
图4示出了用同样可以替换外管70的外管70”定位的座74。外管70”是直管,将支座74在合适位置焊接或其它方式连接于该直管。
卡具或垫片76可以具有不同的形状,并且可以由不同的材料制成。优选的材料是塑料,例如聚丙烯(PP)或聚酰胺(PA)。卡具或垫片76的形状必须使得它易于在制造过程结束时连接到支座74,但是不能在制造过程结束时从座74上脱落,并且不能在运输或操作过程中从座74上脱落。当安装于座74上时,卡具或垫片76必须自动处于正确位置(不可能安装于错误位置),并且,如上所述,必须在运输过程中保持固定。
现参见图5A-5C和图6,示出了卡具或垫片76的不同设计。图5A示出了限定一个大致矩形槽90的卡具或垫片76,支座74位于该槽中中。图5B示出了包括一个波形(contoured)槽90’的卡具和垫片76’,具有与槽90’的轮廓相吻合形状的环形支座74’位于该槽中。图5C示出了包括波形内直径92的卡具或垫片76”,该内直径与位于外管70上的环状波形区域94相吻合。图6示出了卡具或垫片76的俯视图。卡具或垫片76具有大致U形,使得当支座74组装到外管70上时可以将卡具或垫片76组装到支座74上。卡具或垫片76’和76”也是与卡具或垫片76类似的大致U形。
现参见图7,示出了车辆高度公差积累的补偿方法。起初,支座74或74’或波形区域94将充当参考面来测量顶支架组件30和支柱或减振器36之间的麦弗逊悬架模块12的高度。根据测量的长度偏差,具有特定高度h(如图2所示)的卡具或垫片76、76’或76”将被夹持或组装到支座74或74’上,以补偿与特定长度的测量偏差。根据在未补偿情况下得到的公差以及所期望的公差带,可以提供具有不同高度h的多个卡具或垫片76、76’或76”。
如图7所示,在没有任何补偿措施的情况下得到±7mm的公差带。假定期望的公差带是±3.5mm。如果我们假定没有测量误差并且没有卡具或垫片76、76’或76”及其组件的高度h上的公差,那么一个高度h等于7mm的卡具足以获得所要求的公差带±3.5mm。首先,平均长度从0变到-3.5mm。这产生-10.5mm至+3.5mm的公差带。如果测得初始偏差为-3.5mm至+3.5mm,不进行任何添加,因为该长度已在所要求公差带内。如果在麦弗逊悬架模块12的制造过程中,测得麦弗逊悬架模块12的模块长度偏差在-10.5mm和-3.5mm之间,则加入7mm的卡具或垫片76、76’或76”。这得到-3.5mm至+3.5mm之间的偏差,它在所要求的公差带内。
这说明了本公开内容如何工作。有一些必须考虑的实践方面的因素,这将极大地增加卡具或垫片76、76’或76”的数量和尺寸。例如,±1mm的测量误差将使可得到的公差带从±3.5mm降低到±2.5mm。应当对卡具或垫片76、76’或76”的高度h的公差给于类似的考虑。
虽然使用卡具或垫片76、76’或76”对以上实施例进行了说明,但是也可以在不使用卡具或垫片76、76’或76”的情况下获得所需的位置精度。这可以这样实现:在麦弗逊悬架模块的制造过程中识别所要求的校正,使用指示物例如特定的颜色代码来指示所需的校正,并将该指示物贴到麦弗逊悬架模块上。在将麦弗逊悬架模块安装到转向节上的过程中,操作者可以使用与所述校正的厚度相同的定位工具来完成麦弗逊悬架模块在转向节上的正确定位。在上紧转向节紧固螺栓(clamping bolt)后,定位工具能够被移除以便再次使用。
Claims (11)
1.一种角组件,包括:
顶支架组件;
连接至所述顶支架组件的减振器;
连接至所述减振器的车轮组件;以及
用于通过调整所述减振器与所述车轮组件之间的尺寸来设定所述角组件的指定高度的装置。
2.权利要求1的角组件,其中所述设定装置包括位于所述减振器和所述车轮组件之间的垫片。
3.权利要求2的角组件,其中所述垫片与所述减振器的直径增大的部分相接合。
4.权利要求2的角组件,其中所述垫片与连接至所述减振器的支座相接合。
5.权利要求4的角组件,其中所述支座与所述减振器的直径增大的部分相接合。
6.权利要求1的角组件,其中所述设定装置包括识别所需补偿量的特定颜色代码。
7.权利要求1的角组件,其中所述垫片是多个垫片中的一个,所述多个垫片中的每个具有不同的高度。
8.权利要求1的角组件,其中所述垫片是具有大致矩形横截面的环形垫片。
9.权利要求1的角组件,其中所述悬架模块布置在由所述车轮组件限定的孔内,所述孔限定一中心轴线,所述垫片具有与所述车轮组件直接接合的表面,所述垫片的所述表面大致垂直于所述中心轴线。
10.权利要求1的角组件,其中:
所述角组件还包括上弹簧座、布置在所述顶支架组件和所述上弹簧座之间的轴承、下弹簧座、布置在所述上弹簧座和下弹簧座之间的弹簧和连接至所述下弹簧座的所述减振器。
11.权利要求10的角组件,其中所述车轮组件包括转向节和车轮,所述减振器连接至所述转向节。
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US89063707P | 2007-02-20 | 2007-02-20 | |
US60/890,637 | 2007-02-20 | ||
CN2008800054362A CN101631687B (zh) | 2007-02-20 | 2008-02-19 | 用于精确的车辆高度的定位部件和方法 |
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CN2008800054362A Division CN101631687B (zh) | 2007-02-20 | 2008-02-19 | 用于精确的车辆高度的定位部件和方法 |
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CN102423996A true CN102423996A (zh) | 2012-04-25 |
CN102423996B CN102423996B (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
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CN201110318850.2A Expired - Fee Related CN102423996B (zh) | 2007-02-20 | 2008-02-19 | 用于精确的车辆高度的定位部件和方法 |
CN2008800054362A Expired - Fee Related CN101631687B (zh) | 2007-02-20 | 2008-02-19 | 用于精确的车辆高度的定位部件和方法 |
CN2011103191717A Pending CN102431408A (zh) | 2007-02-20 | 2008-02-19 | 用于精确的车辆高度的定位部件和方法 |
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CN2008800054362A Expired - Fee Related CN101631687B (zh) | 2007-02-20 | 2008-02-19 | 用于精确的车辆高度的定位部件和方法 |
CN2011103191717A Pending CN102431408A (zh) | 2007-02-20 | 2008-02-19 | 用于精确的车辆高度的定位部件和方法 |
Country Status (7)
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US (2) | US7988166B2 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP5797377B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101425360B1 (zh) |
CN (3) | CN102423996B (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0807889A2 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE112008000335T5 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2008103340A1 (zh) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102431408A (zh) | 2012-05-02 |
KR101425360B1 (ko) | 2014-08-01 |
JP5797377B2 (ja) | 2015-10-21 |
CN101631687B (zh) | 2011-12-21 |
KR20090114406A (ko) | 2009-11-03 |
US20110248459A1 (en) | 2011-10-13 |
CN102423996B (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
JP2010519127A (ja) | 2010-06-03 |
US7988166B2 (en) | 2011-08-02 |
DE112008000335T5 (de) | 2010-01-14 |
JP2014076802A (ja) | 2014-05-01 |
CN101631687A (zh) | 2010-01-20 |
WO2008103340A1 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
BRPI0807889A2 (pt) | 2014-06-17 |
US20080197596A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
US8196942B2 (en) | 2012-06-12 |
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