CN102391057A - Inorganic-organic slow-acting fertilizer suitable for landscaping nursery stocks and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Inorganic-organic slow-acting fertilizer suitable for landscaping nursery stocks and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102391057A CN102391057A CN201110220288XA CN201110220288A CN102391057A CN 102391057 A CN102391057 A CN 102391057A CN 201110220288X A CN201110220288X A CN 201110220288XA CN 201110220288 A CN201110220288 A CN 201110220288A CN 102391057 A CN102391057 A CN 102391057A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses an inorganic-organic slow-acting fertilizer suitable for landscaping nursery stocks and a preparation method and application thereof. The inorganic-organic slow-acting fertilizer consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 10-30 percent of particular compound fertilizer, 10-20 percent of coated fertilizer and 55-75 percent of particular organic fertilizer. The inorganic-organic slow-acting fertilizer has the advantages of integration of the advantages of the organic fertilizer, the compound fertilizer and the coated fertilizer, comprehensive nutritional elements, balanced nutrients, slow-release effect and avoidance of the defects of single nutritional ingredient and short fertilizer effect existing in the conventional landscaping nursery stock fertilizer, can be taken as a basic fertilizer as well as an additional fertilizer for landscaping nursery stocks, is particularly suitable for culturing on construction fields with large fertilizer deep placement difficulties, urban landscaping lands with firm soil and the like, and can be applied to ecological restoration landscaping nursery stocks which need to reduce disturbance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fertilizer production technology field, be specifically related to a kind of controlled availability fertilizer, particularly a kind of universal organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer that is applicable to Nursery Stock and preparation method thereof and application.
Background technology
Along with society, rapid economy development, environmental problem becomes the subject matter that influences the human lives gradually.As the thickly populated city, environmental problem is more severe.The urban environment problem has become the important indicator of investigating a urban development situation.
In urban ecological environment, realize that the man and nature environment gets along amiably and peacefully to keep ecological balance, to transform effectively the urban environment means of the existing environment of broken ring again simultaneously, be exactly afforestation.Afforestation is to be main body with the plant; Through the multiple function in performance gardens, and be guidance, make ecological benefits, social benefit, economic benefit obtain coordinated development with ecological economics principle; Caused the gardens style and features; And under possible condition, produce all kinds of gardens product, the protection species diversity is for the mankind create optimal cleaning, comfortable, graceful, civilized modernized ecotope.
Urban landscaping is the Infrastructure of urban construction, is the important component part of urban construction.It also is the important embodiment of building harmonious fine city improving the significant effect of performance aspect urban ecological environment, beautifying city, the raising people quality of life.Good urban landscaping, the place that can a good rest, entertainment are provided, get close to the Nature, satisfy people's back to nature hope for the city resident is the important measures of preserving the ecological environment, improve the urban life environment.Afforestation gives the city with full of life, graceful with gardens and complete green space system that artistic conception is built, the cityscape that differs from one another again with rich natural resource.Many countries are the important symbol of afforestation as measurement urban civilization level.
Yet the current fertilizer variety that is suitable for Nursery Stock growth and handling characteristics relatively lacks, and is main with readily avaiable fertilizer how.ZL200610161312.6 provides use on a kind of nursery stock special-purpose fertile, it is characterized in that this special use fertilizer is formed by the proportioning mixing by ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, superphosphate of lime, vitriolate of tartar, sulphur, ferrous sulfate, Malathion, and its raw material weight per distribution ratio is: ammonium sulfate 40～58%; Monoammonium phosphate 8～15%; Superphosphate of lime 12～28%, vitriolate of tartar 15～25%, sulphur 4～10%; Ferrous sulfate 2～4%, Malathion 0.02～0.04%.CN101265137B (CN200810015689.X) provide a kind of multifunctional fertilizer dedicated for nursery stock and preparation method thereof, and component is: the A component: plant ash, root-inducing powder, Malathion, B component: nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer; C component: acidity regulator.Though these patent fertilizer have the effect of short root diseases prevention insect protected, the fertilizer efficiency time is short, need repeatedly use, and labour intensity is big, waste time and energy, and the fertilising cost is higher.
ZL200810014485.4 provides a kind of special-purpose control-release fertilizer for ornamental plant cedar and preparation method thereof.Composite and get with the components such as thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping composite fertilizer and Repone K composite fertilizer of sulfur coating urea, different coating quantities.CN101928189A (201010264389.2) provides a kind of sustained-release fertilizer for nursery stocks in landscaping and preparation and has used.Raw material is selected different types of controlled release fertilizers for use: sulphur adds the high molecular polymer coated carbamide, the double-deck coated carbamide of 8% thermoplastic and thermosetting, and 10% reclaims thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea; Urea undercoat 5% modified epoxy resin integument diammonium phosphate; Urea undercoat 5% modified epoxy resin integument saltpetre, diammonium phosphate utilizes multiple coat fertilizer raw material to carry out composite; Nutrient element releasing rule according in soil makes sustained-release fertilizer for nursery stocks in landscaping.They have obtained significant progress through the fertilizer efficiency prolongation aspect that is applied in of several kinds of coated fertilizers, and fertilizer efficiency can reach 2～3 years.But be main with macroelement such as N, P, K, can not finely satisfy the demand of nursery stock centering trace element, still need and replenish separately, increased the fertilising cost.
The complementary advantage that CN101284747A utilizes quick-acting fertilizer and fertilizer nutrient to discharge speed prolongs its fertilizer efficiency, but its fertilizer efficiency is still short, and still need use 1～2 general every year.
Summary of the invention
For the shortcoming and deficiency that overcomes prior art; Primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of and is applicable to that the organic-inorganic long-acting of Nursery Stock is fertile; This fertilizer is on the basis of CN101284747, to add coat fertilizer; Prolonged the time of releasing of nutrient greatly, only need use 1 time in general 3～4 years; In addition, this fertilizer had both comprised macroelement such as N, P, K, had also comprised middle trace element, and single-dose application can be satisfied plant to nutrient demand, has practiced thrift the fertilising cost.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer; This fertilizer is that the nutrient supply characteristics according to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of most of Nursery Stock and cultivating soil or matrix develop; Be with granular complex fertilizer, coat fertilizer by a certain percentage after the proportioning, be added with in the granular organism/fertile composite mixing of microelement fertilizer and sterilant form.
A purpose more of the present invention is to provide the application of above-mentioned organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer.
The object of the invention is realized through following technical proposals:
A kind of organic-inorganic long-acting that is applicable to Nursery Stock is fertile, is grouped into by the one-tenth of following mass percent:
Granular complex fertilizer: 10～30%
Coat fertilizer: 10～20%
Granular organic fertilizer: 55～75%;
Described granular complex fertilizer meets compound manure standard (GB 15063-2001), and its particle diameter Φ is: 3.0-4.7mm, its total nutrient (N+P
2O
5+ K
2O)>=30% (being mass percent);
Described coat fertilizer is the coated release-controlled fertilizer product that is formed by coated fertilizer coatings such as thermosetting resin, thermoplastic resin, sulphur and sulfur and resins; Described coat fertilizer is that 10% recovery thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, urea undercoat 5% modified epoxy resin integument diammonium phosphate, urea undercoat 5% modified epoxy resin integument saltpetre or sulphur add the two or more mixtures in the high molecular polymer coated carbamide; Four kinds of coat fertilizers that adopted are produced by Shandong Kingenta Bio-engineering Stock Co., Ltd.; Said per-cent is mass percent;
Described granular organic fertilizer meet fertilizer standard (NY 525-2002) (3.0mm≤Φ≤4.7mm), prepare by following method:
The fermented organic material that accounts for granular organic fertilizer quality 91～98% is mixed with the middle microelement fertilizer that accounts for granular organic fertilizer quality 1～8%; Change the storage bin (Chinese patent 200610122219.4) that adopts hot a heatable brick bed system design afterwards over to; Storage bin ground plate temperature keeps 35～50 ℃, carries out compost; Whenever once, when the compost material water cut reaches 10～18%, stop compost at a distance from turning in 2～6 days; Compost material is pulverized, added sterilant that accounts for granular organic fertilizer quality 0.01～0.08% and the abundant mixing of sticker that accounts for granular organic fertilizer quality 0.1～1.5% then, extruder grain obtains granular organic fertilizer; Described per-cent is mass percent;
Said compost material is pulverized is to be crushed to 50～210 orders;
Microelement fertilizer is more than one in borax, sal epsom, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, molybdenum trisulfate or the Calucium Silicate powder in described;
Described sterilant is that 10% diazinon granule, 2.5% isofenphos_methyl granule or 5% first are mixed more than one in the hot pulvis;
Described sticker is more than one in Z 150PH (PVA), kaolin or the vinyl-acetic ester (EVA).
The preparation method of said fermented organic material may further comprise the steps:
With the compost major ingredient that accounts for fermented organic material quality 60～75% and the inorganic conditioner that accounts for fermented organic material quality 6～12%, account for fermented organic material quality 15～26% organic amendment, account for the promotor uniform mixing that becomes thoroughly decomposed of fermented organic material quality 1～6%, carry out compost according to original ph 5.5～8.5, carbon nitrogen mass ratio 20～38: 1; When composting mixture water ratio drops to 40～50%, with the composting mixture compost reactor of packing into, insert the microbial inoculant of composting mixture quality 1/1000～6/1000, in compost reactor, react and obtained the fermented organic material in 6～13 days; Said per-cent is mass percent;
The moisture mass percent of said compost major ingredient is 60～85%;
Said compost major ingredient is more than one in cow dung, chicken manure or the pig manure;
Described inorganic conditioner is the two or more mixtures in flyash, ground phosphate rock, terra alba, sulphur, meadow soil, peat soil or the attapulgite;
Described organic amendment is the two or more mixtures in mushroom residue, rice bran, stalk, humic acids or the molasses;
The described promotor of becoming thoroughly decomposed is more than one in yeast waste liquor, vinasse, molasses, monosodium glutamate waste liquid or the granulated sugar;
The operational conditions of said compost reactor is: be provided with and stir and plenum, make in the reactor drum that oxygen level is 5～15%, 55～70 ℃ of temperature;
Described microbial inoculant is more than one in enzymatic microorganism quick rotting agent (the big magnificent biological factory production in Huai), quick rotting agent (production of Zhengzhou family estate biotechnology ltd) or the VT-1000 microbial inoculum (Beijing Voto Sky & Land Biotech Co., Ltd.'s production).
The above-mentioned fertile preparation method of the organic-inorganic long-acting that is applicable to Nursery Stock may further comprise the steps:
Get 10～30% granular complex fertilizer, 10～20% coat fertilizer, 55～75% granular organic fertilizers mix, and make N in the mixture, P
2O
5, K
2The mass ratio of O is 20: 4: 6, quality of organic matter per-cent>=20%, gets mixture and detects according to organic-inorganic composite fertilizer standard (NY481-2002), if the qualified organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer that is applicable to Nursery Stock that promptly makes.
The above-mentioned organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer that is applicable to Nursery Stock can be widely used in the base manure of all kinds of Nursery Stock and topdress, especially the good carrier of single fertilization.
The present invention has following advantage and effect with respect to prior art:
(1) a kind of organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer that is applicable to Nursery Stock of the present invention be by fertilizer such as compoiste fertilizer, coat fertilizer through mix and (or) chemical combination processes; Be the novel compound fertilizer that integrates fertilizer, composite fertilizer, coat fertilizer advantage; Its nutritive element is comprehensive, and nutrient is balanced, and the required macronutrient of seedling growth is promptly arranged; Also contain the required trace element of seedling growth, help to improve utilization rate of fertilizer.
(2) a kind of organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer that is applicable to Nursery Stock of the present invention also has steady, long, the full characteristics of organic fertilizer fertilizer efficiency outside having fast, the high characteristics of chemical fertilizer fertilizer efficiency concurrently, is effectively replenishing the long-acting characteristics of coat fertilizer.
(3) a kind of organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer of Nursery Stock that is applicable to of the present invention contains a large amount of organic matters, can significantly increase the organic content in soil or the culture substrate, plays improvement seedling growth environment, and preserve moisture and fertility replenishes nutrient, the effect of culture fertility.Especially more can play significant effect to Nursery Stock cultivation soil barren, that physicochemical character is relatively poor.
(4) a kind of organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer of Nursery Stock that is applicable to of the present invention can be used as the carrier of single fertilization technology, effectively reduces the fertilising spraying times, reduces the load of environmental pollution, the labor savings cost.General fertilising once can be satisfied the nutrient demand in 3～4 years of nursery stock.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the fertile preparing method's schematic flow sheet of organic-inorganic long-acting that is applicable to Nursery Stock of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
A kind of fertile preparation method of organic-inorganic long-acting who is applicable to Nursery Stock may further comprise the steps (as shown in Figure 1):
The cow dung (moisture mass percent is 80%) that (1) will account for fermented organic material quality 60% and the inorganic conditioner (forming) that accounts for fermented organic material quality 12% by flyash and ground phosphate rock, account for fermented organic material quality 26% organic amendment (forming) by mushroom residue and rice bran, account for the yeast waste liquor uniform mixing of fermented organic material quality 2%, carry out compost at 25: 1 according to original ph 6.5, carbon nitrogen mass ratio; When composting mixture water ratio drops to 44%; The composting mixture is packed in the compost reactor; Be provided with and stir and plenum; Make in the reactor drum that oxygen level is 8%, 60 ℃ of temperature, insert the enzymatic microorganism quick rotting agent (the big magnificent biological factory production in Huai) of composting mixture quality 3/1000, reaction obtained the fermented organic material in 8 days in compost reactor; Said per-cent is mass percent;
(2) will account for the fermented organic material that the step (1) of granular organic fertilizer quality 91% prepares mixes with the borax that accounts for granular organic fertilizer quality 8%; Change the storage bin (Chinese patent 200610122219.4) that adopts hot a heatable brick bed system design afterwards over to; Storage bin ground plate temperature keeps 40 ℃, carries out compost; Whenever once, when the compost material water cut reaches 13%, stop compost at a distance from turning in 3 days; Compost material was pulverized 100 mesh sieves, and adding the sterilant that accounts for granular organic fertilizer quality 0.04% then (is that (golden light that Henan golden light agricultural science and technology ltd produces is tiger (10% diazinon granule) extremely for 10% diazinon granule; Down with) with the Z 150PH that accounts for granular organic fertilizer quality 0.96% (production of Suzhou Yongsheng Chemical Industry Science Co., Ltd, model 1799; Abundant mixing down together), extruder grain obtains granular organic fertilizer; Said per-cent is mass percent;
(3) 15% granular complex fertilizer (is contained N28%, P
2O
57%, K
2O 10%, particle diameter 3.5mm; Chemical industry Group Co.,Ltd of Shandong alliance produces, alliance's board (high tower 45% [Cl] 28-7-10); Down with), 10% coat fertilizer (10% reclaim thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea account for the coat fertilizer gross weight 25%, urea undercoat 5% modified epoxy resin integument diammonium phosphate account for the coat fertilizer gross weight 45%, urea undercoat 5% modified epoxy resin integument saltpetre accounts for 30% of coat fertilizer gross weight; The coat fertilizer particle diameter is 3.5mm) and the granular organic fertilizer for preparing of 75% step (2) (contain N1.5%, P
2O
51.5%, K
2O 1%, particle diameter 3.5mm) be placed in the cylinder and mix, make N in the final mixture, P
2O
5, K
2The mass ratio of O is 20: 4: 6, and quality of organic matter per-cent is 22%; Final mixture is detected according to organic-inorganic composite fertilizer standard (NY481-2002), if the qualified organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer that is applicable to Nursery Stock that promptly makes.
Embodiment 2
A kind of fertile preparation method of organic-inorganic long-acting who is applicable to Nursery Stock may further comprise the steps (as shown in Figure 1):
(1) will account for compost major ingredient (cow dung, chicken manure, pig manure three's the mixture of fermented organic material quality 75%; Moisture mass percent is 70%) with the inorganic conditioner (forming) that accounts for fermented organic material quality 6% by terra alba and sulphur, account for fermented organic material quality 15% organic amendment (forming) by stalk and humic acids, account for the promotor of becoming thoroughly decomposed (forming) uniform mixing of fermented organic material quality 4% by vinasse and molasses, carry out compost at 35: 1 according to original ph 7.5, carbon nitrogen mass ratio; When composting mixture water ratio drops to 46%; The composting mixture is packed in the compost reactor; Be provided with and stir and plenum; Make in the reactor drum that oxygen level is 12%, 65 ℃ of temperature, insert the microbial inoculant (forming) of composting mixture quality 5/1000 by enzymatic microorganism quick rotting agent (the big magnificent biological factory production in Huai) and VT-1000 microbial inoculum (Beijing Voto Sky & Land Biotech Co., Ltd.'s production), in compost reactor, react and obtained the fermented organic material in 10 days; Said per-cent is mass percent;
Step (1) the fermented organic material for preparing and the middle microelement fertilizer that accounts for granular organic fertilizer quality 1% (being made up of sal epsom and copper sulfate) that (2) will account for granular organic fertilizer quality 98% mix; Change the storage bin (Chinese patent 200610122219.4) that adopts hot a heatable brick bed system design afterwards over to; Storage bin ground plate temperature keeps 45 ℃, carries out compost; Whenever once, when the compost material water cut reaches 15%, stop compost at a distance from turning in 5 days; Compost material was pulverized 150 mesh sieves; Adding the sterilant that accounts for granular organic fertilizer quality 0.06% then (is 2.5% isofenphos_methyl granule; The novel biochemical ltd of Shijiazhuang City produces) and account for the abundant mixing of kaolin of granular organic fertilizer quality 0.94%, extruder grain obtains granular organic fertilizer; Said per-cent is mass percent;
(3) 10% granular complex fertilizer (is contained N28%, P
2O
57%, K
2O 10%, particle diameter 4.0mm), 20% coat fertilizer (10% reclaim thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea account for the coat fertilizer gross weight 35%, urea undercoat 5% modified epoxy resin integument diammonium phosphate accounts for 65% of coat fertilizer gross weight; The coat fertilizer particle diameter is 4.0mm) and the granular organic fertilizer for preparing of 70% step (2) (contain N1.5%, P
2O
51.5%, K
2O 1%, particle diameter 4.0mm) be placed in the cylinder and mix, make N in the final mixture, P
2O
5, K
2The mass ratio of O is 20: 4: 6, and quality of organic matter per-cent is 24%; Final mixture is detected according to organic-inorganic composite fertilizer standard (NY481-2002), if the qualified organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer that is applicable to Nursery Stock that promptly makes.
Embodiment 3
A kind of fertile preparation method of organic-inorganic long-acting who is applicable to Nursery Stock may further comprise the steps (as shown in Figure 1):
(1) will account for compost major ingredient (cow dung, chicken manure, pig manure three's the mixture of fermented organic material quality 64%; Moisture mass percent is 85%) with the inorganic conditioner (forming) that accounts for fermented organic material quality 10% by meadow soil and peat soil, account for fermented organic material quality 20% organic amendment (forming) by mushroom residue, stalk and molasses, account for the promotor of becoming thoroughly decomposed (forming) uniform mixing of fermented organic material quality 6% by monosodium glutamate waste liquid and granulated sugar, carry out compost at 20: 1 according to original ph 5.5, carbon nitrogen mass ratio; When composting mixture water ratio drops to 40%; The composting mixture is packed in the compost reactor; Be provided with and stir and plenum; Make in the reactor drum that oxygen level is 5%, 55 ℃ of temperature, insert the VT-1000 microbial inoculum (Beijing Voto Sky & Land Biotech Co., Ltd.'s productions) of composting mixture quality 1/1000, in compost reactor, react and obtained the fermented organic material in 6 days; Said per-cent is mass percent;
Step (1) the fermented organic material for preparing and the middle microelement fertilizer that accounts for granular organic fertilizer quality 4.49% (being made up of zinc sulfate and ferrous sulfate) that (2) will account for granular organic fertilizer quality 94% mix; Change the storage bin (Chinese patent 200610122219.4) that adopts hot a heatable brick bed system design afterwards over to; Storage bin ground plate temperature keeps 35 ℃, carries out compost; Whenever once, when the compost material water cut reaches 10%, stop compost at a distance from turning in 2 days; Compost material was pulverized 50 mesh sieves; Adding the sterilant that accounts for granular organic fertilizer quality 0.01% then (is that 5% first is mixed hot pulvis; Ludi Pesties Chemistry Co., Ltd., Tonghua produces) and account for the abundant mixing of vinyl-acetic ester of granular organic fertilizer quality 1.5%, extruder grain obtains granular organic fertilizer; Said per-cent is mass percent;
(3) 25% granular complex fertilizer (is contained N28%, P
2O
57%, K
2O 10%, particle diameter 3.0mm), (urea undercoat 5% modified epoxy resin integument saltpetre 40%, urea undercoat 5% modified epoxy resin integument diammonium phosphate account for 60% of coat fertilizer gross weight to 20% coat fertilizer; The coat fertilizer particle diameter is 3.0mm) and the granular organic fertilizer for preparing of 55% step (2) (contain N1.5%, P
2O
51.5%, K
2O 1%, particle diameter 3.0mm) be placed in the cylinder and mix, make N in the final mixture, P
2O
5, K
2The mass ratio of O is 20: 4: 6, and quality of organic matter per-cent is 23%; Final mixture is detected according to organic-inorganic composite fertilizer standard (NY481-2002), if the qualified organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer that is applicable to Nursery Stock that promptly makes.
Embodiment 4
A kind of fertile preparation method of organic-inorganic long-acting who is applicable to Nursery Stock may further comprise the steps (as shown in Figure 1):
(1) will account for compost major ingredient (cow dung, chicken manure, pig manure three's the mixture of fermented organic material quality 70%; Moisture mass percent is 60%) with the inorganic conditioner (forming) that accounts for fermented organic material quality 8% by attapulgite, flyash, sulphur, account for fermented organic material quality 21% organic amendment (forming) by rice bran, humic acids and molasses, account for the granulated sugar uniform mixing of fermented organic material quality 1%, carry out compost at 38: 1 according to original ph 8.5, carbon nitrogen mass ratio; When composting mixture water ratio drops to 50%; The composting mixture is packed in the compost reactor; Be provided with and stir and plenum; Make in the reactor drum that oxygen level is 15%, 70 ℃ of temperature, insert the quick rotting agent (productions of Zhengzhou family estate biotechnology ltd) of composting mixture quality 6/1000, in compost reactor, react and obtained the fermented organic material in 13 days; Said per-cent is mass percent;
Step (1) the fermented organic material for preparing and the middle microelement fertilizer that accounts for granular organic fertilizer quality 3.82% (being made up of molybdenum trisulfate and Calucium Silicate powder) that (2) will account for granular organic fertilizer quality 96% mix; Change the storage bin (Chinese patent 200610122219.4) that adopts hot a heatable brick bed system design afterwards over to; Storage bin ground plate temperature keeps 50 ℃, carries out compost; Whenever once, when the compost material water cut reaches 18%, stop compost at a distance from turning in 6 days; Compost material was pulverized 210 mesh sieves; Add the abundant mixing of sticker (being made up of Z 150PH, kaolin and vinyl-acetic ester) that accounts for the sterilant (being the mixture that 10% diazinon granule, 2.5% isofenphos_methyl granule and 5% first are mixed hot pulvis) of granular organic fertilizer quality 0.08% and account for granular organic fertilizer quality 0.1% then, extruder grain obtains granular organic fertilizer; Said per-cent is mass percent;
(3) 30% granular complex fertilizer (is contained N28%, P
2O
57%, K
2O 10%, particle diameter 4.7mm), 10% coat fertilizer (sulphur add the high molecular polymer coated carbamide account for the coat fertilizer gross weight 28%, urea undercoat 5% modified epoxy resin integument diammonium phosphate account for the coat fertilizer gross weight 45%, urea undercoat 5% modified epoxy resin integument saltpetre 37%; The coat fertilizer particle diameter is 4.7mm) and the granular organic fertilizer for preparing of 60% step (2) (contain N1.5%, P
2O
51.5%, K
2O 1%, particle diameter 4.7mm) be placed in the cylinder and mix, make N in the final mixture, P
2O
5, K
2The mass ratio of O is 20: 4: 6, and quality of organic matter per-cent is 21%; Final mixture is detected according to organic-inorganic composite fertilizer standard (NY481-2002), if the qualified organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer that is applicable to Nursery Stock that promptly makes.
The effect of above embodiment 1～4 and Comparative Examples is following:
(contain N15%, P with common composite fertilizer
2O
515%, K
2O 15%; Norway's compound potassium sulfate fertilizer (total nutrient>=45%) that specialization fertile group company in Shandong, the Norwegian Sea produces), vitriolate of tartar (contains K
2O 50%) and urea (containing N 46%) split application make Comparative Examples, Hua Dahua carries out the field effect test that the spire banyan uses above-mentioned instance product in the Guangzhou.Test period is on April 20,2008 28 days to 2011 April in.Concrete dose and method of use are: the one, and split application: every common composite fertilizer 266.7g makes base manure, all evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields in planting pit during Nursery stock transplanting; Residue urea 347.8g and vitriolate of tartar 40g five equilibrium three times are respectively at spreading manuer in holes on February 15th, 2009, on December 4th, 2009 and on September 28th, 2010; The 2nd, the foregoing description product: use 1000g for every, all disposablely during transplanting evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in the planting pit.Nursery stock kind: spire banyan (Ficus microcarpa); Transplant time: on April 10th, 2008; Transplant seedling age: 2 years seedlings, 1.5 meters of plant heights, thick 5.6 centimetres of base portion stem.Transplanting medium is southern Xylene Red loam, and the planting pit specification is 1 meter * 1 meter * 1 meter.Effect is seen table 1.
Table 1 is compared the effect of embodiment 1-4 with Comparative Examples
Annotate: the cost that (1) embodiment 1～4 organic-inorganic long-acting is fertile is pressed 2200 yuan of calculating per ton;
(2) each fertilizer price (unit/ton) of conventional split application: 4500 yuan/ton of composite fertilizers, 2200 yuan/ton in urea, 5000 yuan/ton of vitriolate of tartar;
(3) labor force's daily wage: 80 yuan/day.
Four kinds of embodiment fertilizer can obviously promote the growth of spire banyan than Comparative Examples with fertilizer, and plant height on average increases by 30.2%, and stem slightly increases by 6.7%, and the hat width of cloth increases by 39.3%.Per 100 than Comparative Examples with fertile joint 3517 yuan, applied once can satisfy the spire banyan to be needed fertilely in 3 years, had significantly practiced thrift labor cost.
The foregoing description is a preferred implementation of the present invention; But embodiment of the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; Other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; All should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an organic-inorganic long-acting that is applicable to Nursery Stock is fertile, it is characterized in that it being that one-tenth by following mass percent is grouped into:
Granular complex fertilizer: 10～30%
Coat fertilizer: 10～20%
Granular organic fertilizer: 55～75%;
The particle diameter of said granular complex fertilizer is: 3.0-4.7mm, wherein N, P
2O
5, K
2O three's mass percent sum is more than or equal to 30%;
The particle diameter of described coat fertilizer is: 3.0-4.7mm is that 10% recovery thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, urea undercoat 5% modified epoxy resin integument diammonium phosphate, urea undercoat 5% modified epoxy resin integument saltpetre or sulphur add the two or more mixtures in the high molecular polymer coated carbamide; Said per-cent is mass percent;
The particle diameter of said granular organic fertilizer is: 3.0mm-4.7mm is prepared by following steps:
The fermented organic material that accounts for granular organic fertilizer quality 91～98% is mixed with the middle microelement fertilizer that accounts for granular organic fertilizer quality 1～8%, change storage bin afterwards over to, storage bin ground plate temperature keeps 35～50 ℃, carries out compost; Whenever once, when the compost material water cut reaches 10～18%, stop compost at a distance from turning in 2～6 days; Compost material is pulverized, added sterilant that accounts for granular organic fertilizer quality 0.01～0.08% and the abundant mixing of sticker that accounts for granular organic fertilizer quality 0.1～1.5% then, extruder grain obtains granular organic fertilizer; Described per-cent is mass percent.
2. the organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer that is applicable to Nursery Stock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: microelement fertilizer is more than one in borax, sal epsom, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, molybdenum trisulfate or the Calucium Silicate powder in described.
3. the organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer that is applicable to Nursery Stock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sterilant is that 10% diazinon granule, 2.5% isofenphos_methyl granule or 5% first are mixed more than one in the hot pulvis.
4. the organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer that is applicable to Nursery Stock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sticker is more than one in Z 150PH, kaolin or the vinyl-acetic ester.
5. the organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer that is applicable to Nursery Stock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said compost material is pulverized is to be crushed to 50～210 orders.
6. the organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer that is applicable to Nursery Stock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fermented organic material is prepared by following steps:
With the compost major ingredient that accounts for fermented organic material quality 60～75% and the inorganic conditioner that accounts for fermented organic material quality 6～12%, account for fermented organic material quality 15～26% organic amendment, account for the promotor uniform mixing that becomes thoroughly decomposed of fermented organic material quality 1～6%, carry out compost according to original ph 5.5～8.5, carbon nitrogen mass ratio 20～38: 1; When composting mixture water ratio is 40～50%, with the composting mixture compost reactor of packing into, insert the microbial inoculant that accounts for composting mixture quality 1/1000～6/1000 again, in compost reactor, react and obtained the fermented organic material in 6～13 days; Said per-cent is mass percent;
Described compost major ingredient is more than one in cow dung, chicken manure or the pig manure;
Described inorganic conditioner is the two or more mixtures in flyash, ground phosphate rock, terra alba, sulphur, meadow soil, peat soil or the attapulgite;
Described organic amendment is the two or more mixtures in mushroom residue, rice bran, stalk, humic acids or the molasses;
The described promotor of becoming thoroughly decomposed is more than one in yeast waste liquor, vinasse, molasses, monosodium glutamate waste liquid or the granulated sugar;
Described microbial inoculant is more than one in enzymatic microorganism quick rotting agent, quick rotting agent or the VT-1000 microbial inoculum.
7. the organic-inorganic long-acting fertilizer that is applicable to Nursery Stock according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the moisture mass percent of said compost major ingredient is 60～85%.
8. the organic-inorganic long-acting that is applicable to Nursery Stock according to claim 6 is fertile, and it is characterized in that: the operational conditions of said compost reactor is: be provided with and stir and plenum, make in the reactor drum that oxygen level is 5～15%, 55～70 ℃ of temperature.
9. fertile preparation method of each described organic-inorganic long-acting that is applicable to Nursery Stock of claim 1-8 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps: get granular complex fertilizer, coat fertilizer, granular organic fertilizer and mix, make N in the mixture, P
2O
5, K
2The mass ratio of O is 20: 4: 6, quality of organic matter per-cent>=20%, and it is fertile promptly to make the organic-inorganic long-acting that is applicable to Nursery Stock.
The fertile base manure as Nursery Stock of each described organic-inorganic long-acting that is applicable to Nursery Stock of claim 1-8 with topdress.
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