CN111328665A - High-activity antibacterial peptide-containing matrix for garden seedling cultivation and preparation and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and discloses a garden seedling cultivation substrate containing high-activity antibacterial peptide, and a preparation method and an application thereof, wherein the garden seedling cultivation substrate containing the high-activity antibacterial peptide comprises, by mass, 15% -30% of granular compound fertilizer, 20% -30% of decomposed livestock manure, 15% -25% of corn straw, 5% -15% of waste drug residues, 5% -15% of hay, 5% -10% of garlic, 5% -10% of folium isatidis, 5% -10% of plant ash, 6% -8% of trace element additive, 5% -10% of vermiculite, 3% -5% of antibacterial peptide and 2% -3% of composite microbial inoculum. The culture medium provided by the invention has comprehensive nutrient elements, good performance, simple production process and cheap and easily-obtained raw materials, and the added hay, Chinese medicine residues and the like not only carry out secondary utilization on wastes, avoid pollution and improve the utilization rate of resources.

Description

High-activity antibacterial peptide-containing matrix for garden seedling cultivation and preparation and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a garden seedling cultivation substrate containing high-activity antibacterial peptide, and preparation and application thereof.

Background

At present, the garden seedling culture medium is a seedling growth foundation and medium, and not only supports and fixes seedling plants, but also has the function of a transfer station, so that nutrients and water from a nutrient solution can be transferred, plant root systems can be selectively absorbed according to needs, and a good small environment can be provided for the growth of container seedlings. In particular, the beneficial microbial flora in the substrate contains a certain amount of nutrient elements such as C, N, P and the like which can be absorbed and utilized by plants, and can also carry out nitrification, ammoniation and the like through the metabolic process, thereby not only providing good nutrient conditions for the plants, but also accelerating the circulation of the nutrient elements in the substrate microecological system; in addition, the metabolites and the dead decomposition products of the matrix microorganisms can be absorbed and utilized by plants, and some metabolites (such as root exudates) or abscissas of the plants can also be absorbed and utilized by the matrix microorganisms; therefore, a 'small circulation' is formed in the substrate micro-ecological system, so that a stable dynamic system is formed between the substrate microorganisms and the plant root systems, the plant root systems in the system provide partial carbon sources for the substrate microorganisms, and the substrate microorganisms promote the development of the plant root systems in turn. Compared with a soil medium, the cultivation medium has larger particles and higher air porosity, is more favorable for the growth of seedlings, and has superior nutrition, moisture and other aspects compared with the soil medium.

The existing soilless culture medium is mainly divided into two categories of inorganic and organic, the inorganic soilless culture medium which is commonly used at home and abroad is rock wool, perlite, vermiculite and the like, and the organic soilless culture medium is peat. However, the former is difficult to degrade in nature, and becomes solid waste after crops are cultivated, which causes environmental pollution, and the latter is developed and utilized in large quantities, which not only causes irreversible damage to the ecological system of the earth wetland, but also causes the increasing exhaustion of peat resources, and many countries begin to limit the development and use of these types of substrates.

Thus, various countries in the world have been studying alternatives to peat and rockwool, such as sawdust for canada, cow dung and grape pomace for israel, coconut husk fiber for the uk, and the like, with good results. The environment-friendly matrix of organic wastes (sawdust, coconut coir, bean straw powder, peanut shell powder, corn cob powder and vinasse) after fermentation is researched from the buffer point of Liuqinghua and the like in China, and the results show that the buffer capacity of all environment-friendly matrixes of hyaluronic acid, alkali and salt is higher than that of peat and other inorganic matrixes, so that a relatively stable rhizosphere environment can be formed, and the damage to plant roots caused by the severe change of the pH value or EC value of a nutrient solution is prevented to the greatest extent.

In summary, the problems and disadvantages of the prior art are: the existing garden nursery stocks mainly adopt a single inorganic or single organic culture medium, and the single inorganic medium is difficult to degrade, so that the environmental pollution is caused; the organic substrate is short in raw material supply and resource shortage.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a garden seedling cultivation substrate containing high-activity antibacterial peptide, and preparation and application thereof.

The high-activity antibacterial peptide-containing matrix for garden seedling cultivation is composed of, by mass, 15% -30% of granular compound fertilizer, 20% -30% of decomposed livestock manure, 15% -25% of corn straw, 5% -15% of waste medicine residues, 5% -15% of hay, 5% -10% of garlic, 5% -10% of folium isatidis, 5% -10% of plant ash, 6% -8% of trace element additive, 5% -10% of vermiculite, 3% -5% of antibacterial peptide and 2% -3% of composite microbial inoculum.

Further, the microelement additive comprises, by mass, 1% -2% of manganese humate, 0.5% -1.2% of zinc humate, 2% -4% of diamine iron humate and 2% -6% of weathered coal.

Further, the composite microbial inoculum comprises one or more of bacillus subtilis, saccharomycetes, lactobacillus, bacillus licheniformis, aspergillus niger and streptomyces griseus trichoderma.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the garden seedling cultivation substrate containing the high-activity antibacterial peptide, which comprises the following steps:

step one, weighing and uniformly mixing corn straws, waste medicine residues, hay, garlic, folium isatidis, plant ash and vermiculite in proportion, and then putting the mixture into a pulverizer for pulverization to obtain a mixture A.

And step two, adding water into the mixture A, adding the decomposed livestock and poultry manure according to a proportion, uniformly stirring, and naturally fermenting for 10-15 days to obtain a mixture B.

Step three, adding the compound bacteria agent, the trace element additive and the antibacterial peptide into the mixture B, uniformly stirring, and naturally fermenting for 20 days; turning over the pile, and fermenting for 5-10 days to obtain mixture C.

After fermentation, sending the mixture C into a dryer for drying and granulation; adding a granular compound fertilizer, and uniformly stirring to obtain the high-activity antibacterial peptide-containing matrix for garden seedling cultivation.

Further, in the second step, the preparation method of the decomposed livestock manure comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing the livestock and poultry manure, adjusting the water content to 55-60%, piling the mixture into a fermentation pile with the height of 1.5-1.7 m, and retting the pile for 40-45 days;

(2) covering a film on a fermentation pile, removing the film when the central temperature of the fermentation pile reaches 55-60 ℃, turning the fermentation pile when the central temperature of the fermentation pile exceeds 70 ℃, and supplementing water to maintain the water content of the fermentation pile to be more than 50%;

(3) and (3) repeating the step (2), and ending fermentation when the color of the fermentation pile changes to coffee or black and the temperature of the fermentation pile is reduced to below 30 ℃ and the water content is 35-40% to obtain the decomposed livestock manure.

Further, in the fourth step, the preparation method of the granular organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

(I) mixing fermented organic materials accounting for 90-95% of the mass of the granular organic fertilizer with medium and trace fertilizers accounting for 1-8% of the mass of the granular organic fertilizer, and then transferring the mixture into a storage bin, wherein the temperature of the floor of the storage bin is kept at 35-50 ℃ for composting;

(II) turning the compost once every 4-8 days, and stopping composting when the water content of the compost materials reaches 15-20%;

(III) crushing the compost material, then adding a slow-release synergist accounting for 0.05-0.08% of the mass of the granular organic fertilizer and a binder accounting for 0.1-2% of the mass of the granular organic fertilizer, fully and uniformly mixing, and extruding and granulating to obtain the granular organic fertilizer.

Further, the binder is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, kaolin or vinyl acetate.

Further, the medium-trace fertilizer is one or more of borax, magnesium sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and molybdenum sulfate.

Further, the slow release synergist is prepared by adopting the following process:

mixing xanthan gum, epoxidized soybean oil and octadecyl primary amine acetate, adding dimethylformamide, heating and stirring, adding octadecyl isocyanate, heating and stirring, adding epoxy resin and octadecyl primary amine, and continuously stirring to obtain the slow-release synergist.

Further, in the fourth step, the drying standard is as follows: the water content of the mixture is less than 15%.

In summary, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are: the culture medium improves the problems of a single inorganic medium or organic medium, has comprehensive nutrient elements, good performance, simple production process and cheap and easily-obtained raw materials, and adds the hay, the Chinese medicine residues and the like, so that the waste is secondarily utilized, the pollution is avoided, the utilization rate of resources is improved, the cost is reduced, and the economic benefit is increased. The culture medium has strong bacteriostatic action, and the antibacterial peptide has selective immune activation and regulation functions and can effectively prevent and treat the diseases of the seedlings. According to the invention, the herb residue is added into the culture medium, so that the growth of the nursery stock can be promoted.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a substrate for garden seedling cultivation containing high-activity antimicrobial peptide according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a manufacturing method of the decomposed livestock manure provided by the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a preparation method of the granular organic fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram comparing the application effects of comparative example and examples 1-3 provided by the example of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The technical scheme and the technical effect of the invention are explained in detail in the following with the accompanying drawings.

The high-activity antibacterial peptide-containing matrix for garden seedling cultivation provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises, by mass, 15% -30% of granular compound fertilizer, 20% -30% of decomposed livestock manure, 15% -25% of corn straw, 5% -15% of waste drug residues, 5% -15% of hay, 5% -10% of garlic, 5% -10% of folium isatidis, 5% -10% of plant ash, 6% -8% of trace element additive, 5% -10% of vermiculite, 3% -5% of antibacterial peptide and 2% -3% of composite microbial inoculum.

As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the substrate for garden seedling cultivation containing high-activity antimicrobial peptide provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

s101, weighing and uniformly mixing corn straws, waste medicine residues, hay, garlic, folium isatidis, plant ash and vermiculite in proportion, and then putting the mixture into a pulverizer for pulverization to obtain a mixture A.

And S102, adding water into the mixture A, adding the decomposed livestock and poultry manure according to the proportion, uniformly stirring, and naturally fermenting for 10-15 days to obtain a mixture B.

S103, adding the compound B into the complex microbial inoculum, the trace element additive and the antimicrobial peptide, uniformly stirring, and naturally fermenting for 20 days; turning over the pile, and fermenting for 5-10 days to obtain mixture C.

S104, after fermentation is finished, sending the mixture C into a dryer for drying and granulation; adding a granular compound fertilizer, and uniformly stirring to obtain the high-activity antibacterial peptide-containing matrix for garden seedling cultivation.

As shown in fig. 2, in step S102 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing the decomposed livestock manure comprises:

s201, mixing the livestock and poultry manure, adjusting the water content to 55% -60%, piling the mixture into a fermentation pile with the height of 1.5-1.7 m, and retting the pile for 40-45 days.

S202, covering a film on the fermentation pile, removing the film when the central temperature of the fermentation pile reaches 55-60 ℃, turning the fermentation pile when the central temperature of the fermentation pile exceeds 70 ℃, and supplementing water to maintain the water content of the fermentation pile to be more than 50%.

S203, repeating S202, and ending fermentation when the color of the fermentation pile changes to coffee or black and the temperature of the fermentation pile is reduced to below 30 ℃ and the water content is 35-40% to obtain the decomposed livestock manure.

As shown in fig. 3, in step S104 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the granular organic fertilizer includes:

s301, mixing fermented organic materials accounting for 90-95% of the mass of the granular organic fertilizer with medium and trace fertilizers accounting for 1-8% of the mass of the granular organic fertilizer, and then transferring the mixture into a storage bin, wherein the temperature of the floor of the storage bin is kept at 35-50 ℃ for composting.

S302, turning the compost once every 4-8 days, and stopping composting when the water content of the compost materials reaches 15-20%.

S303, crushing the compost material, adding a slow release synergist accounting for 0.05-0.08% of the mass of the granular organic fertilizer and a binder accounting for 0.1-2% of the mass of the granular organic fertilizer, fully and uniformly mixing, and extruding and granulating to obtain the granular organic fertilizer.

The binder provided by the embodiment of the invention is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, kaolin or vinyl acetate.

The medium-trace fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention is one or more of borax, magnesium sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and molybdenum sulfate.

The sustained-release synergist provided by the embodiment of the invention is prepared by adopting the following process:

mixing xanthan gum, epoxidized soybean oil and octadecyl primary amine acetate, adding dimethylformamide, heating and stirring, adding octadecyl isocyanate, heating and stirring, adding epoxy resin and octadecyl primary amine, and continuously stirring to obtain the slow-release synergist.

In step S104 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the drying standard is: the water content of the mixture is less than 15%.

The technical solution and technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments.

Example 1

The preparation method of the high-activity antibacterial peptide-containing matrix for garden seedling cultivation provided by the embodiment 1 of the invention comprises the following steps:

step one, weighing 15% of corn straw, 5% of waste medicine residues, 6% of hay, 5% of garlic, 7% of folium isatidis, 5% of plant ash and 7% of vermiculite according to a proportion, uniformly mixing, and then placing the mixture into a pulverizer for pulverization to obtain a mixture A;

step two, adding water into the mixture A, adding 20% of decomposed livestock manure according to the proportion, uniformly stirring, and naturally fermenting for 10 days to obtain a mixture B;

step three, adding 2% of complex microbial inoculum, 6% of trace element additive and 3% of antibacterial peptide into the mixture B, uniformly stirring, and naturally fermenting for 20 days; turning over the pile, and fermenting for 5 days again to obtain a mixture C;

after fermentation, sending the mixture C into a dryer for drying and granulation; adding 15% of granular compound fertilizer, and uniformly stirring to obtain the matrix containing the high-activity antibacterial peptide for garden seedling cultivation.

Example 2

The preparation method of the high-activity antibacterial peptide-containing matrix for garden seedling cultivation provided by the embodiment 2 of the invention comprises the following steps:

step one, weighing 22% of corn straw, 12% of waste medicine residues, 15% of hay, 10% of garlic, 10% of folium isatidis, 8% of plant ash and 7% of vermiculite according to a proportion, uniformly mixing, and then placing the mixture into a pulverizer for pulverization to obtain a mixture A;

step two, adding water into the mixture A, adding 30% of decomposed livestock manure according to the proportion, uniformly stirring, and naturally fermenting for 15 days to obtain a mixture B;

step three, adding 3% of composite microbial inoculum, 8% of trace element additive and 5% of antibacterial peptide into the mixture B, uniformly stirring, and naturally fermenting for 20 days; turning over the pile, and fermenting for 10 days again to obtain a mixture C;

after fermentation, sending the mixture C into a dryer for drying and granulation; adding 30% of granular compound fertilizer, and uniformly stirring to obtain the matrix containing the high-activity antibacterial peptide for garden seedling cultivation.

Example 3

The preparation method of the high-activity antibacterial peptide-containing matrix for garden seedling cultivation provided by the embodiment 3 of the invention comprises the following steps:

step one, weighing 20% of corn straws, 12% of waste medicine residues, 10% of hay, 8% of garlic, 7% of folium isatidis, 6% of plant ash and 5% of vermiculite according to a proportion, uniformly mixing, and then placing the mixture into a pulverizer for pulverization to obtain a mixture A;

step two, adding water into the mixture A, adding 20% of decomposed livestock manure according to the proportion, uniformly stirring, and naturally fermenting for 12 days to obtain a mixture B;

step three, adding 2% of complex microbial inoculum, 7% of trace element additive and 4% of antibacterial peptide into the mixture B, uniformly stirring, and naturally fermenting for 20 days; turning over the pile, and fermenting for 8 days again to obtain a mixture C;

after fermentation, sending the mixture C into a dryer for drying and granulation; adding 22% of granular compound fertilizer, and uniformly stirring to obtain the garden seedling culture medium containing the high-activity antibacterial peptide.

Comparative example

The common seedling culture medium is used for seedling culture and is used as a comparative example, and the application effect test of the ficus microcarpa in the above comparative example and the culture medium described in the embodiment 1-3 is carried out in the Huada florets in Guangzhou city. The test time is 28 days in 2008-4 month to 20 days in 2011-4 month. The effects of the comparative example and examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 4.

TABLE 1 Effect of the use of comparative example and examples 1 to 3

	Survival rate (%)	Germination percentage (%)	Time of germination (Tian)
				Comparative example	82.0	83.2	20
Example 1	96.7	93.1	15
				Example 2	97.2	94.7	13
Example 3	97.0	94.2	14

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The high-activity antibacterial peptide-containing matrix for garden seedling cultivation is characterized by comprising, by mass, 15% -30% of granular compound fertilizer, 20% -30% of decomposed livestock manure, 15% -25% of corn straw, 5% -15% of waste drug residues, 5% -15% of hay, 5% -10% of garlic, 5% -10% of folium isatidis, 5% -10% of plant ash, 6% -8% of trace element additive, 5% -10% of vermiculite, 3% -5% of antibacterial peptide and 2% -3% of composite microbial inoculum.

2. The substrate containing the high-activity antibacterial peptide for garden seedling cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microelement additive comprises, by mass, 1% -2% of manganese humate, 0.5% -1.2% of zinc humate, 2% -4% of diaminetiron humate and 2% -6% of weathered coal.

3. The substrate for garden seedling cultivation containing the highly active antimicrobial peptide according to claim 1, wherein the complex microbial agent comprises one or more of bacillus subtilis, yeast, lactobacillus, bacillus licheniformis, aspergillus niger, and streptomyces griseus trichoderma.

4. A preparation method of the high-activity antibacterial peptide-containing garden seedling culture substrate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the preparation method of the high-activity antibacterial peptide-containing garden seedling culture substrate comprises the following steps:

step one, weighing and uniformly mixing corn straws, waste medicine residues, hay, garlic, folium isatidis, plant ash and vermiculite in proportion, and then putting the mixture into a pulverizer for pulverization to obtain a mixture A;

step two, adding water into the mixture A, adding the decomposed livestock and poultry manure according to a proportion, uniformly stirring, and naturally fermenting for 10-15 days to obtain a mixture B;

step three, adding the compound bacteria agent, the trace element additive and the antibacterial peptide into the mixture B, uniformly stirring, and naturally fermenting for 20 days; turning over, fermenting again for 5-10 days to obtain mixture C;

after fermentation, sending the mixture C into a dryer for drying and granulation; adding a granular compound fertilizer, and uniformly stirring to obtain the high-activity antibacterial peptide-containing matrix for garden seedling cultivation.

5. The method for preparing a substrate for garden seedling cultivation containing high-activity antibacterial peptide according to claim 2, wherein in the second step, the preparation method of the decomposed livestock manure comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing the livestock and poultry manure, adjusting the water content to 55-60%, piling the mixture into a fermentation pile with the height of 1.5-1.7 m, and retting the pile for 40-45 days;

(2) covering a film on a fermentation pile, removing the film when the central temperature of the fermentation pile reaches 55-60 ℃, turning the fermentation pile when the central temperature of the fermentation pile exceeds 70 ℃, and supplementing water to maintain the water content of the fermentation pile to be more than 50%;

(3) and (3) repeating the step (2), and ending fermentation when the color of the fermentation pile changes to coffee or black and the temperature of the fermentation pile is reduced to below 30 ℃ and the water content is 35-40% to obtain the decomposed livestock manure.

6. The method for preparing a substrate for garden seedling cultivation containing high-activity antimicrobial peptide according to claim 2, wherein in the fourth step, the method for preparing the granular organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

(I) mixing fermented organic materials accounting for 90-95% of the mass of the granular organic fertilizer with medium and trace fertilizers accounting for 1-8% of the mass of the granular organic fertilizer, and then transferring the mixture into a storage bin, wherein the temperature of the floor of the storage bin is kept at 35-50 ℃ for composting;

(II) turning the compost once every 4-8 days, and stopping composting when the water content of the compost materials reaches 15-20%;

(III) crushing the compost material, then adding a slow-release synergist accounting for 0.05-0.08% of the mass of the granular organic fertilizer and a binder accounting for 0.1-2% of the mass of the granular organic fertilizer, fully and uniformly mixing, and extruding and granulating to obtain the granular organic fertilizer.

7. The method for preparing a substrate for garden seedling cultivation containing highly active antibacterial peptide as claimed in claim 6, wherein the binder is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, kaolin or vinyl acetate.

8. The method for preparing a substrate for garden seedling cultivation containing a highly active antimicrobial peptide as claimed in claim 6, wherein the medium trace fertilizer is one or more of borax, magnesium sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, and molybdenum sulfate.

9. The preparation method of the substrate for garden seedling cultivation containing the high-activity antibacterial peptide as claimed in claim 6, wherein the slow-release synergist is prepared by adopting the following process:

mixing xanthan gum, epoxidized soybean oil and octadecyl primary amine acetate, adding dimethylformamide, heating and stirring, adding octadecyl isocyanate, heating and stirring, adding epoxy resin and octadecyl primary amine, and continuously stirring to obtain the slow-release synergist.

10. The method for preparing a substrate for garden seedling cultivation containing high-activity antibacterial peptide according to claim 2, wherein in the fourth step, the drying standard is as follows: the water content of the mixture is less than 15%.

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